CN106288370B - Gas boiler based on porous media combustion technology - Google Patents
Gas boiler based on porous media combustion technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN106288370B CN106288370B CN201610807386.6A CN201610807386A CN106288370B CN 106288370 B CN106288370 B CN 106288370B CN 201610807386 A CN201610807386 A CN 201610807386A CN 106288370 B CN106288370 B CN 106288370B
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 251
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 238
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
- F24H1/44—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups F24H1/24 - F24H1/40 , e.g. boilers having a combination of features covered by F24H1/24 - F24H1/40
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
- F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
- F24H9/1832—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
- F24H9/1836—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners using fluid fuel
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及基于多孔介质燃烧技术的燃气锅炉，包括预混器、若干数量的燃烧换热单元和连接箱体；所述若干数量的燃烧换热单元通过连接箱体连接，燃烧换热单元围绕连接箱体呈中心对称分布，连接箱体和燃烧换热单元外部包裹有外壳，在外壳与连接箱体和燃烧换热单元之间填充有保温材料，预混器设置在连接箱体的上部；所述燃烧换热单元包括防回火结构、燃烧室、尾部换热器和进气室，所述进气室的侧壁面焊接有两个预混气体进口管；所述防回火结构由防回火水室和防回火进气通道构成，防回火进气通道通过焊接嵌入在防回火水室中，防回火水室前端与进气室连接，在防回火水室后端连接燃烧室，在燃烧室的出口布置有尾部换热器。
The invention relates to a gas boiler based on porous medium combustion technology, comprising a premixer, a number of combustion heat exchange units and a connection box; the number of combustion heat exchange units are connected through the connection box, and the combustion heat exchange units are connected around the connection The box body is symmetrically distributed in the center, the connection box body and the combustion heat exchange unit are wrapped with an outer shell, and the insulation material is filled between the outer shell and the connection box body and the combustion heat exchange unit, and the premixer is arranged on the upper part of the connection box body; The combustion heat exchange unit includes an anti-backfire structure, a combustion chamber, a rear heat exchanger and an intake chamber, and two premixed gas inlet pipes are welded on the side wall surface of the intake chamber; The fire water chamber and the anti-tempering air intake channel are formed. The anti-tempering air intake channel is embedded in the anti-tempering water chamber by welding. The combustion chamber is provided with a rear heat exchanger at the outlet of the combustion chamber.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water heaters which surround a combustion chamber by a heat exchange water chamber and realize waste heat recovery by a heat exchange device, in particular to a gas boiler based on porous medium combustion technology.
Background
With the optimization and adjustment of energy structures in China, gas boilers are concerned about due to the characteristics of economy, high efficiency and environmental protection. But countries all over the world put higher demands on energy utilization efficiency and environmental pollutant emissionThe existing gas-fired boiler has low heat efficiency and high pollutant emission. In order to improve the efficiency of the boiler, the prior art is to increase the heat exchange area or add a waste heat recovery device, which makes the structure of the boiler more complicated and the volume larger. The existing gas-fired boiler almost adopts the traditional combustion mode, the temperature of the combustion area is higher, NO is generatedxThe discharge amount of (2) is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a gas boiler based on porous medium combustion technology, comprises a plurality of burning heat transfer units, adopts the furnace type structure of symmetrical arrangement. The combustion chamber in each combustion heat exchange unit is divided into a plurality of small areas by the heat exchange water chamber, and the combustion chamber is filled with non-uniform porous medium materials, so that the combustion and heat exchange characteristics of the porous medium are fully utilized, the heat exchange effect is ensured, the combustion temperature is limited, and the low NO is realizedxAnd (5) discharging. Overcomes the defects of large volume, low heat efficiency and NO generation caused by overhigh combustion temperature of the prior gas-fired boilerxHigh discharge. 2-12 combustion heat exchange units can be symmetrically arranged according to the capacity of the boiler, so that the gas boiler has higher load regulation capacity.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
the gas boiler based on the porous medium combustion technology comprises a premixer, a plurality of combustion heat exchange units and a connecting box body; the combustion heat exchange units are connected through the connecting box body, the combustion heat exchange units are distributed around the connecting box body in a central symmetry manner, the outer parts of the connecting box body and the combustion heat exchange units are wrapped by shells, heat insulation materials are filled among the shells, the connecting box body and the combustion heat exchange units, and the premixer is arranged at the upper part of the connecting box body;
the combustion heat exchange unit comprises an anti-backfire structure, a combustion chamber, a tail heat exchanger and an air inlet chamber, wherein two premixed gas inlet pipes are welded on the side wall surface of the air inlet chamber; the anti-backfire structure consists of an anti-backfire water chamber and an anti-backfire air inlet channel, the anti-backfire air inlet channel is embedded in the anti-backfire water chamber by welding, the front end of the anti-backfire water chamber is connected with the air inlet chamber, the rear end of the anti-backfire water chamber is connected with the combustion chamber, a tail heat exchanger is arranged at an outlet of the combustion chamber, the combustion chamber and the tail heat exchanger are both arranged in the combustion chamber inner shell, and the air inlet chamber and the combustion chamber are communicated through the anti-backfire air inlet channel; filling a small-pore porous medium material in the anti-backfire air inlet channel; a plurality of heat exchange water chambers are distributed in the inner shell of the combustion chamber at intervals, the combustion chamber is divided into a plurality of small combustion areas by the plurality of heat exchange water chambers, non-uniform porous medium materials are filled in the small combustion areas, and refractory bricks are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of each small combustion area and close to the inner shell of the combustion chamber; the number of rows of the anti-backfire air inlet channels is the same as the number of small areas of the combustion chamber; a gap is reserved at the upstream of the combustion chamber and the part connected with the anti-backfire water chamber, and an igniter electrode is fixedly arranged in the gap;
the anti-backfire water chamber is welded with an anti-backfire water chamber water inlet pipe and an anti-backfire water chamber water outlet pipe, the heat exchange water chamber is welded with a heat exchange water chamber water outlet pipe and a heat exchange water chamber water inlet pipe, two ends of the heat exchange water chamber water inlet pipe are sealed, an inlet and a plurality of outlets are arranged, the number of the outlets is consistent with that of the heat exchange water chamber, and each outlet is respectively communicated with one heat exchange water chamber; the outlet pipe of the anti-backfire water chamber is connected with the inlet of the inlet pipe of the heat exchange water chamber, and the outlets of a plurality of heat exchange water chambers of each combustion heat exchange unit are communicated with the outlet pipe of the heat exchange water chamber;
the tail heat exchanger comprises a tail heat exchange tube, a tail heat exchanger inlet header and a tail heat exchanger outlet header, two ends of the tail heat exchange tube are respectively welded on the tail heat exchanger inlet header and the tail heat exchanger outlet header, and the tail heat exchange tube is fixedly connected with the side wall of the combustion chamber inner shell; the outlet header of the tail heat exchanger is connected with the water inlet pipe of the backfire-proof water chamber through a connecting water pipe;
the connecting box body comprises a plurality of connecting box body side plates, a connecting box body top plate and a connecting box body bottom plate, the number of the connecting box body side plates is consistent with that of the combustion heat exchange units, a box body space defined by the connecting box body side plates, the connecting box body top plate and the connecting box body bottom plate forms a flue gas collecting chamber, each connecting box body side plate is welded with a side plate of a combustion chamber inner shell of the corresponding combustion heat exchange unit, and the connecting box body top plate and the connecting box body bottom plate are welded with a top plate and a bottom plate of the combustion chamber inner shell of the corresponding combustion heat exchange unit; the bottom of the connecting box body is of a reverse pyramid structure, a cylindrical condensate water collecting chamber is welded in the center of the bottom plate of the connecting box body, and a drain pipe and a smoke exhaust pipe are welded on the condensate water collecting chamber;
the bottom of the connecting box body is provided with an annular boiler inlet collecting pipe, a boiler water inlet pipe is welded on the boiler inlet collecting pipe, a plurality of water outlets with the same number as that of the combustion heat exchange units are arranged on the boiler inlet collecting pipe, the water outlets are connected with the tail heat exchanger inlet collecting pipe of the corresponding combustion heat exchange unit, and a plurality of water valves with the same number as that of the combustion heat exchange units are arranged on the annular boiler inlet collecting pipe; the top of the connecting box body is provided with an annular boiler outlet collecting pipe, the boiler outlet collecting pipe is provided with a plurality of water inlets and a water outlet, the number of the water inlets and the number of the water outlet are consistent with that of the combustion heat exchange units, the water inlets are respectively connected with the heat exchange water chambers of the corresponding combustion heat exchange units through water pipes, and the water outlets of the boiler outlet collecting pipe are welded with hot water outlet pipes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention has the following prominent essential characteristics: the invention adopts the non-uniform porous medium heat accumulation combustion technology, the combustion is more stable, the combustion intensity is high, the heat exchange effect is good, and the pollutant discharge is low. (1) The combustion chamber is divided into a plurality of small areas by the heat exchange water chamber, and the cold water medium and the heating medium are tightly attached, so that the combustion strength is ensured, and meanwhile, the combustion heat is quickly and efficiently transferred to the cold water medium, so that the combustion temperature in the combustion chamber is reduced; the method is that the combustion chamber is filled with heterogeneous porous medium material, and the heat in the high temperature porous medium is transferred to the cold water medium in the heat exchange water chamber in the forms of radiation and heat conduction. (2) A waste heat recovery area is arranged at the outlet of the combustion chamber, and sensible heat of high-temperature flue gas and latent heat of water vapor are collected; the method is that a tail heat exchanger is arranged at the rear end of the combustor, so that water vapor in high-temperature flue gas is condensed to release condensation heat. (3) The premixed gas passes through an air inlet channel of the tempering-preventing water chamber before entering the combustion chamber, and a small-pore porous medium material is filled in the air inlet channel to rectify the premixed gas, improve the flow rate of the premixed gas and prevent tempering; (4) the water in the heat exchange water chamber is preheated by the tail heat exchanger, so that the temperature of the wall surface of the combustion chamber is improved, the problem of condensate water caused by supercooling of the wall surface is reduced, the combustion condition of the wall surface is improved, and the combustion completeness is improved.
The invention has the remarkable advantages that:
(1) the porous medium material arrangement structure in the combustion chamber of the gas boiler based on the porous medium combustion technology is non-uniform, the flow resistance is small, the combustion is more stable, the combustion chamber is divided into a plurality of small areas by the heat exchange water chamber, the dispersed combustion is realized, the combustion temperature is effectively reduced, and the low NO is realizedxAnd (4) discharging.
(2) The gas boiler based on the porous medium combustion technology is of a central symmetrical structure and comprises 2-12 combustion heat exchange units, partial units can be controlled to work according to the requirement of heat load, and the gas boiler has higher load regulation capacity.
(3) The gas boiler based on the porous medium combustion technology is a condensing boiler, so that the heat released by combustion is absorbed to the maximum extent, and the defects of larger volume and lower heat efficiency of the boiler device in the prior art are overcome.
The invention utilizes the characteristic of enhanced heat exchange of the porous medium to reduce the flue gas to be very low in the combustion chamber, and simultaneously supplements a tail heat exchanger at the tail part of the combustion chamber to further reduce the temperature of the flue gas.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional elevation view of a gas boiler based on porous medium combustion technology having 4 combustion heat exchange units according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional top view of a gas boiler based on porous medium combustion technology with 4 combustion heat exchange units according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 at a location A-A in accordance with the present invention of a gas boiler based on porous medium combustion technology;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 at a location B-B in accordance with the present invention of a gas boiler based on porous medium combustion technology;
fig. 5 is a schematic top sectional view of an embodiment of a gas boiler based on porous medium combustion technology with 6 combustion heat exchange units, connecting box bodies.
In the figure, 1, a premixed gas inlet pipe, 2, an air inlet chamber, 3, a heat insulation material, 4, a backfire-proof air inlet channel, 5, an outer shell, 6, a backfire-proof water chamber water inlet pipe, 7, a connecting water pipe, 8, a heat exchange water chamber water outlet pipe, 9, refractory bricks, 10, a tail heat exchanger outlet header, 11, a boiler outlet header, 12, a premixed gas communication pipe, 13, an ejector, 14, a premixing chamber, 15, a connecting box side plate, 16, a connecting box top plate, 17, a premixed gas outlet pipe, 18, a stop valve, 19, an air nozzle, 20, a gas nozzle, 21, a heat exchange water chamber water inlet pipe, 22, a boiler inlet header, 23, a water valve, 24, a tail heat exchanger inlet header, 25, a drain pipe, 26, a smoke exhaust pipe, 27, a condensate water collecting chamber, 28, a connecting box bottom plate, 29, a tail heat exchange pipe, 30, a positioning sheet, 31, a combustion chamber inner shell, 32 and an igniter electrode, 33. the water outlet pipe of the backfire preventing water chamber, 34, the non-uniform porous medium material, 35, the backfire preventing water chamber, 36, the small-pore porous medium material, 37, the boiler water inlet pipe, 38, the hot water outlet pipe, 39, the heat exchange water chamber and 40, the combustion chamber.
Detailed Description
The gas boiler (boiler for short, see figures 1-4) based on the porous medium combustion technology comprises a premixer, a plurality of combustion heat exchange units and a connecting box body; the combustion heat exchange units are connected through the connecting box body, the combustion heat exchange units are distributed around the connecting box body in a central symmetry manner, the outer parts of the connecting box body and the combustion heat exchange units are wrapped by the shell 5, heat insulation materials 3 are filled between the shell 5 and the connecting box body as well as between the shell and the combustion heat exchange units, heat dissipation is prevented, and the premixer is arranged at the upper part of the connecting box body;
the combustion heat exchange unit comprises an anti-backfire structure, a combustion chamber 40, a tail heat exchanger and an air inlet chamber 2, wherein two premixed gas inlet pipes 1 are welded on the side wall surface of the air inlet chamber 2; the anti-backfire structure is composed of an anti-backfire water chamber 35 and an anti-backfire air inlet channel 4, the anti-backfire air inlet channel 4 is embedded in the anti-backfire water chamber 35 through welding, the front end of the anti-backfire water chamber 35 is connected with the air inlet chamber 2, the rear end of the anti-backfire water chamber is connected with the combustion chamber 40, a tail heat exchanger is arranged at the outlet of the combustion chamber 40, the combustion chamber 40 and the tail heat exchanger are both arranged in the combustion chamber inner shell 31, and the air inlet chamber 2 is communicated with the combustion chamber 40 through the anti-backfire air inlet channel 4; the anti-backfire air inlet channel 4 is filled with small-pore porous medium materials 36; a plurality of heat exchange water chambers 39 are distributed in the inner shell of the combustion chamber 40 at intervals, the combustion chamber 40 is divided into a plurality of small combustion areas by the plurality of heat exchange water chambers 39, the small combustion areas are filled with non-uniform porous medium materials 34, and refractory bricks 9 are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of each small combustion area and close to the inner shell of the combustion chamber; the number of rows of the anti-backfire air inlet channels is the same as the number of small areas of the combustion chamber; a gap is reserved at the upstream of the combustion chamber and the part connected with the anti-backfire water chamber, an igniter electrode 32 is fixedly arranged in the gap, and simultaneously, premixed gas entering a small area of the combustion chamber can be ensured to be ignited;
the anti-backfire water chamber 35 is welded with an anti-backfire water chamber water inlet pipe 6 and an anti-backfire water chamber water outlet pipe 33, the heat exchange water chamber is welded with a heat exchange water chamber water outlet pipe 8 and a heat exchange water chamber water inlet pipe 21, two ends of the heat exchange water chamber water inlet pipe 21 are closed, an inlet and a plurality of outlets are arranged, the number of the outlets is consistent with that of the heat exchange water chamber 39, and each outlet is respectively communicated with one heat exchange water chamber; the water outlet pipe 33 of the anti-backfire water chamber is connected with the inlet of the water inlet pipe 21 of the heat exchange water chamber, and the outlets of a plurality of heat exchange water chambers of each combustion heat exchange unit are communicated with the water outlet pipe 8 of the heat exchange water chamber;
the tail heat exchanger comprises a tail heat exchange tube 29, a tail heat exchanger inlet header 24 and a tail heat exchanger outlet header 10, two ends of the tail heat exchange tube 29 are respectively welded on the tail heat exchanger inlet header 24 and the tail heat exchanger outlet header 10, and the tail heat exchange tube 29 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the combustion chamber inner shell; the outlet header 10 of the tail heat exchanger is connected with the water inlet pipe 6 of the anti-backfire water chamber through a connecting water pipe 7;
the connecting box body comprises a plurality of connecting box body side plates 15, a connecting box body top plate 16 and a connecting box body bottom plate 28, the number of the connecting box body side plates 15 is consistent with that of the combustion heat exchange units, box body spaces surrounded by the connecting box body side plates 15, the connecting box body top plate 16 and the connecting box body bottom plate 28 form a smoke collecting chamber, each connecting box body side plate 15 is welded with a side plate of a combustion chamber inner shell 31 of the corresponding combustion heat exchange unit, and the connecting box body top plate 16 and the connecting box body bottom plate 28 are welded with a top plate and a bottom plate of the combustion chamber inner shell of the corresponding combustion heat exchange unit; the bottom of the connecting box body is of a reverse pyramid structure, a cylindrical condensate water collecting chamber 27 is welded in the center of a bottom plate 28 of the connecting box body, and a drain pipe 25 and a smoke exhaust pipe 26 are welded on the condensate water collecting chamber;
an annular boiler inlet collecting pipe 22 is arranged at the bottom of the connecting box body, a boiler water inlet pipe 37 is welded on the boiler inlet collecting pipe, a plurality of water outlets which are consistent with the number of the combustion heat exchange units are uniformly distributed on the boiler inlet collecting pipe, the water outlets are connected with a tail heat exchanger inlet collecting pipe 24 of the corresponding combustion heat exchange unit, a plurality of water valves 23 which are consistent with the number of the combustion heat exchange units are arranged on the annular boiler inlet collecting pipe 22, and the normal operation of partial combustion heat exchange units can be realized according to the load requirement of the boiler; the top of the connecting box body is provided with an annular boiler outlet collecting pipe 11, a plurality of water inlets and a water outlet which are consistent with the quantity of the combustion heat exchange units are distributed on the boiler outlet collecting pipe 11, the water inlets are respectively connected with the water outlet pipes 8 of the heat exchange water chambers of the corresponding combustion heat exchange units, and the water outlet of the boiler outlet collecting pipe is welded with a hot water outlet pipe 38.
In the gas boiler based on the porous medium combustion technology, the premixer is used for mixing gas and air, and comprises a gas nozzle 20, an ejector 13, an air nozzle 19, a premixing chamber 14 and a premixed gas outlet pipe 17; the lower part of the premixing chamber 14 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the connecting box body, two ejectors 13 are arranged on the side face, close to the top, of the premixing chamber 14, the included angle between the two ejectors 13 is 120 degrees, a plurality of premixed gas outlet pipes 17 are uniformly arranged on the side face, close to the bottom, of the premixing chamber 14, the number of the premixed gas outlet pipes 17 is twice that of combustion heat exchange units, the premixed gas outlet pipes 17 are connected with a premixed gas inlet pipe 1 of the gas inlet chamber through premixed gas connecting pipes 12, and each premixed gas connecting pipe 12 is provided with a stop valve 18, so that the working load of the gas boiler can be adjusted conveniently.
The number of the combustion heat exchange units is 2-12.
The heat exchange water chambers (see fig. 4) are in a cuboid structure, the number of the heat exchange water chambers in each combustion heat exchange unit is 4-20, and the water inlet pipe 21 of each heat exchange water chamber is a steel pipe with two closed ends and 1 inlet and 4-20 outlets.
The cross section width of each small combustion area in the combustion chamber is 10-30mm, and the depth is 60-500 mm.
The diameter of the anti-backfire air inlet channel is 10-25 mm.
The diameter of the tail heat exchange tube is 8-20 mm.
The cross sections of the air inlet chamber and the anti-backfire water chamber are square or rectangular, and (3-19) × (3-45) anti-backfire air inlet channels 4 are embedded in the anti-backfire water chamber 35 (see fig. 3), namely 3-19 rows and 3-45 lines are arranged, the row spacing is 20-70mm, the line spacing is 30-60mm, and the diameter is 10-25 mm.
The small-pore porous medium material has the pore density of 40PPI-60PPI and the porosity of 80-90%.
The pore density of the non-uniform porous medium material is 10PPI-40PPI, the pore density is non-uniformly distributed in the airflow direction in a small area of each combustion chamber, and the non-uniform porous medium material is formed by sequentially overlapping 3-20 rectangular sheet-shaped porous media with the thickness of 10-40 mm.
And the size of a gap left at the part of the upstream of the combustion chamber, which is connected with the tempering-proof water chamber, is 4-8 mm.
The invention relates to a flow mode of water in a gas boiler based on a porous medium combustion technology, which comprises the following steps: boiler water inlet pipe 37 → boiler inlet header 22 → tail heat exchanger inlet header 24 → tail heat exchange pipe 29 → tail heat exchanger outlet header 10 → connecting water pipe 7 → anti-flashback water chamber water inlet pipe 6 → anti-flashback water chamber 35 → anti-flashback water chamber water outlet pipe 33 → heat exchange water chamber water inlet pipe 21 → heat exchange water chamber 39 → heat exchange water chamber water outlet pipe 8 → boiler outlet header 10 → hot water outlet pipe 38.
The tail heat exchange tube 29 in the invention is composed of 10-80 layers of snake-shaped heat exchange tubes, the number of layers of the tail heat exchange tubes is related to the size of the combustion chamber, and specifically, the larger the power of the gas furnace is, the larger the height of the combustion chamber is, and the more the tail heat exchange tubes can be accommodated. The number of the heat exchange water chambers in the combustion chamber is 4-20, the specific number requirement is related to the power of a single combustion heat exchange unit, each combustion heat exchange unit is transversely divided into a plurality of small combustion areas by a plurality of heat exchange water chambers, the width of the cross section of each small combustion area is required and is generally 10-30mm, the width of each heat exchange water chamber is 10-40mm, the combustion chamber required is large when the power of the combustion heat exchange unit is high, the number of the small combustion areas divided by the heat exchange water chambers is large, and 3-19 small combustion areas can be provided. The number of the opened valves of the water valve 23 is consistent with the number of the started combustion heat exchange units, so that cold water is prevented from entering the combustion heat exchange units which do not work, and normal operation of part of the combustion heat exchange units can be realized according to the load requirement of the boiler.
The heterogeneous porous dielectric material 34 and the small-pore porous dielectric material 36 can be alumina, silicon carbide or zirconia, and the like, and can resist high temperature of more than 1000 ℃.
Example 1
The structure and shape of the gas boiler based on the porous medium combustion technology of the embodiment are shown in figures 1-4.
The gas boiler based on the porous medium combustion technology comprises a premixer, a plurality of combustion heat exchange units and a connecting box body; the combustion heat exchange units are connected through the connecting box body, the combustion heat exchange units are distributed around the connecting box body in a central symmetry manner, the outer parts of the connecting box body and the combustion heat exchange units are wrapped by the shell 5, heat insulation materials 3 are filled between the shell 5 and the connecting box body as well as between the shell and the combustion heat exchange units, heat dissipation is prevented, and the premixer is arranged at the upper part of the connecting box body;
the combustion heat exchange unit comprises an anti-backfire structure, a combustion chamber 40, a tail heat exchanger and an air inlet chamber 2, wherein two premixed gas inlet pipes 1 are welded on the side wall surface of the air inlet chamber 2; the anti-backfire structure is composed of an anti-backfire water chamber 35 and an anti-backfire air inlet channel 4, the anti-backfire air inlet channel 4 is embedded in the anti-backfire water chamber 35 through welding, the front end of the anti-backfire water chamber 35 is connected with the air inlet chamber 2, the rear end of the anti-backfire water chamber is connected with the combustion chamber 40, a tail heat exchanger is arranged at the outlet of the combustion chamber 40, the combustion chamber 40 and the tail heat exchanger are both arranged in the combustion chamber inner shell 31, and the air inlet chamber 2 is communicated with the combustion chamber 40 through the anti-backfire air inlet channel 4; the anti-backfire air inlet channel 4 is filled with small-pore porous medium materials 36; a plurality of heat exchange water chambers 39 are distributed in the inner shell of the combustion chamber 40 at intervals, the combustion chamber 40 is divided into a plurality of small combustion areas by the plurality of heat exchange water chambers 39, the small combustion areas are filled with non-uniform porous medium materials 34, and refractory bricks 9 are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of each small combustion area and close to the inner shell of the combustion chamber; the number of rows of the anti-backfire air inlet channels is the same as the number of small areas of the combustion chamber; a gap is reserved at the upstream of the combustion chamber and the part connected with the anti-backfire water chamber, an igniter electrode 32 is fixedly arranged in the gap, and simultaneously, premixed gas entering a small area of the combustion chamber can be ensured to be ignited;
the anti-backfire water chamber 35 is welded with an anti-backfire water chamber water inlet pipe 6 and an anti-backfire water chamber water outlet pipe 33, the heat exchange water chamber is welded with a heat exchange water chamber water outlet pipe 8 and a heat exchange water chamber water inlet pipe 21, two ends of the heat exchange water chamber water inlet pipe 21 are closed, an inlet and a plurality of outlets are arranged, the number of the outlets is consistent with that of the heat exchange water chamber 39, and each outlet is respectively communicated with one heat exchange water chamber; the water outlet pipe 33 of the anti-backfire water chamber is connected with the inlet of the water inlet pipe 21 of the heat exchange water chamber, and the outlets of a plurality of heat exchange water chambers of each combustion heat exchange unit are communicated with the water outlet pipe 8 of the heat exchange water chamber;
the tail heat exchanger comprises a tail heat exchange tube 29, a tail heat exchanger inlet header 24 and a tail heat exchanger outlet header 10, two ends of the tail heat exchange tube 29 are respectively welded on the tail heat exchanger inlet header 24 and the tail heat exchanger outlet header 10, and the tail heat exchange tube 29 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the combustion chamber inner shell; the outlet header 10 of the tail heat exchanger is connected with the water inlet pipe 6 of the anti-backfire water chamber through a connecting water pipe 7;
the connecting box body comprises a plurality of connecting box body side plates 15, a connecting box body top plate 16 and a connecting box body bottom plate 28, the number of the connecting box body side plates 15 is consistent with that of the combustion heat exchange units, box body spaces surrounded by the connecting box body side plates 15, the connecting box body top plate 16 and the connecting box body bottom plate 28 form a smoke collecting chamber, each connecting box body side plate 15 is welded with a side plate of a combustion chamber inner shell 31 of the corresponding combustion heat exchange unit, and the connecting box body top plate 16 and the connecting box body bottom plate 28 are welded with a top plate and a bottom plate of the combustion chamber inner shell of the corresponding combustion heat exchange unit; the bottom of the connecting box body is of a reverse pyramid structure, a cylindrical condensate water collecting chamber 27 is welded in the center of a bottom plate 28 of the connecting box body, and a drain pipe 25 and a smoke exhaust pipe 26 are welded on the condensate water collecting chamber;
an annular boiler inlet collecting pipe 22 is arranged at the bottom of the connecting box body, a boiler water inlet pipe 37 is welded on the boiler inlet collecting pipe, a plurality of water outlets which are consistent with the number of the combustion heat exchange units are uniformly distributed on the boiler inlet collecting pipe, the water outlets are connected with a tail heat exchanger inlet collecting pipe 24 of the corresponding combustion heat exchange unit, a plurality of water valves 23 which are consistent with the number of the combustion heat exchange units are arranged on the annular boiler inlet collecting pipe 22, and the normal operation of partial combustion heat exchange units can be realized according to the load requirement of the boiler; the top of the connecting box body is provided with an annular boiler outlet collecting pipe 11, a plurality of water inlets and a water outlet which are consistent with the quantity of the combustion heat exchange units are distributed on the boiler outlet collecting pipe 11, the water inlets are respectively connected with the water outlet pipes 8 of the heat exchange water chambers of the corresponding combustion heat exchange units, and the water outlet of the boiler outlet collecting pipe is welded with a hot water outlet pipe 38.
The gas boiler based on porous medium combustion technology of this embodiment has 4 burning heat transfer units, and every burning heat transfer unit has 4 heat transfer hydroecium 39, encloses into 3 burning small region, and it has 3 rows of anti-backfire inlet channel 4 to correspond. The size of the heat exchange water chamber 39 is 235 × 90 × 30mm, the height of the enclosed small combustion area is 235mm, the depth is 90mm, and the width is 30 mm. The diameter of the anti-backfire air inlet channel 4 is 16mm, the row spacing is 60mm, and the line spacing is 47 mm. The non-uniform porous dielectric material 34 and the small pore porous dielectric material 36 are both alumina. The water inlet pipe 21 of the heat exchange water chamber is a steel pipe with two closed ends and 4 outlets, and the outlet ends are respectively communicated with the 4 heat exchange water chambers 39. The combustion chamber inner shell 31 is formed by welding 4 stainless steel plates (1 top plate, 1 bottom plate and 2 side plates), and the size of a gap left at the part, connected with the tempering water proof chamber, of the upstream of the combustion chamber is 8 mm.
In the embodiment, the tail heat exchange tube 29 is composed of 12 layers of snakelike heat exchange tubes, two ends of each layer of heat exchange tube are respectively welded on the inlet collecting tube 24 and the outlet collecting tube 10 of the tail heat exchanger, and the tail heat exchange tube 29 is fixed on the combustion chamber inner shell 31 through the positioning piece 30 in a spot welding mode.
In the embodiment, the connecting box body is formed by welding 4 side plates 15, 1 top plate 16 and 1 bottom plate 28 to form a box body structure, so that a smoke collecting chamber is formed; the side plates of the connecting box body 15 and the side plates of the combustion chamber inner shell 31 of every two combustion heat exchange units are welded together, and the outer shell 5 is divided into a side plate, a top plate and a bottom plate which are fixedly connected by screws respectively. 4 water outlets are uniformly distributed on the boiler inlet header 22, 4 water valves 23 are installed, and normal operation of the partial combustion heat exchange unit can be realized according to the load requirement of the boiler. And 4 water inlets and one water outlet are arranged on the boiler outlet header 11, and the 4 water inlets are respectively connected with the water outlet pipes 8 of the heat exchange water chambers of the 4 combustion heat exchange units.
The rated power of the gas-fired boiler based on the porous medium combustion technology is 160kW, and the thermal efficiency of the boiler can reach 96% -107%.
Example 2
The structure of each part of the gas boiler based on the porous medium combustion technology in the embodiment is connected with that in the embodiment 1, the difference is that the premixer comprises a gas nozzle 20, an ejector 13, an air nozzle 19, a premixing chamber 14 and a premixed gas outlet pipe 17; the lower part of the premixing chamber 14 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the connecting box body, two ejectors 13 are arranged on the side surface, close to the top, of the premixing chamber 14, the included angle between the two ejectors 13 is 120 degrees, 8 premixed gas outlet pipes 17 are uniformly arranged on the side surface, close to the bottom, of the premixing chamber 14, the premixed gas outlet pipes 17 are connected with a premixed gas inlet pipe 1 of the gas inlet chamber through premixed gas connecting pipes 12, each premixed gas connecting pipe 12 is provided with a stop valve 18, and the work load of the gas boiler based on the porous medium combustion technology can be adjusted conveniently.
Example 3
The present embodiment is a gas boiler based on porous medium combustion technology, and the structural connection of each part is the same as that in embodiment 1, except that the gas boiler based on porous medium combustion technology in this embodiment has 6 combustion heat exchange units, fig. 5 is a schematic top-view cross-sectional view of a connection box body thereof, the cross-section in the figure is a side plate 15 of the connection box body, and there are 6 side plates in total, and each side plate 15 is connected with every two combustion heat exchange units.
In the gas boiler based on the porous medium combustion technology, related raw materials, parts and installation methods thereof are all well known in the technical field.
Nothing in this specification is said to apply to the prior art.
Claims (10)
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| CN110360568A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-10-22 | 北京泷涛环境科技有限公司 | A kind of low nitrogen combustion apparatus and method |
| CN114017762A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-02-08 | 江苏双良锅炉有限公司 | Horizontal internal combustion steam boiler with porous ceramic medium combustion |
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