CN106285648B - The signal transmit-receive method of ground installation and the signal transmit-receive method of underground equipment - Google Patents
The signal transmit-receive method of ground installation and the signal transmit-receive method of underground equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN106285648B CN106285648B CN201510242306.2A CN201510242306A CN106285648B CN 106285648 B CN106285648 B CN 106285648B CN 201510242306 A CN201510242306 A CN 201510242306A CN 106285648 B CN106285648 B CN 106285648B
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Abstract
The signal transmit-receive method of ground installation and the signal transmit-receive method of underground equipment, wherein, the signal transmit-receive method of ground installation includes: transmitting-receiving instruction judgment step, it judges whether there is ground signal and sends instruction, if there is, ground signal sending step is then executed, underground signal receiving step is otherwise executed；Ground signal sending step carries out power amplification after carrying out coding and modulation treatment to ground signal to be sent again, the electric signal after power amplification is converted to electromagnetic signal and is sent out；Underground signal receiving step, is converted to electric signal for the electromagnetic signal that the outside received is transmitted, and carries out conditioning amplification to the electric signal being converted to, and then carries out demodulation and decoding processing to the amplified electric signal of gain, obtains required data.Compared with general pulse transmission mode, bidirectional transmission method provided by the present invention is pumped without start-stop, does not delay drilling time, it is not easy to generate maloperation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil-gas exploration and development technical fields, specifically, be related to ground installation signal transmit-receive method and
The signal transmit-receive method of underground equipment.
Background technique
Measurement while drilling is directional well, a key technology means in horizontal well construction.Currently, generally use with bore information
Transmission method mainly has the mode (EM- of drilling liquid pressure pulse code formula MWD (or routine MWD) and electromagnetic signal modulation
MWD), and under normal circumstances only carry out unidirectional information transmission, i.e., by measurement data be modulated at drilling liquid pressure impulse wave or
By downhole transmitted to ground in electromagnetic signal, this process is also referred to as uplink.In order to change downhole instrument in drilling process
The working condition of device or executing agency, existing MWD or EM-MWD is usually equipped with the downlink transfer link of auxiliary, thus by ground
The information in face or instruction are transferred to downhole instrument or executing agency.
MWD the or EM-MWD measurement while-drilling instrument generally used both at home and abroad at present, the downlink information transmission on ground to underground
The transmission mode that link uses mainly has following three kinds or their combination:
1) start-stop pump or change pump speed combined sequence mode
This mode is to control the circulation of drilling fluid of drilling machine by pumping ageing sequence by prespecified start-stop to pump
Turn on pump and termination of pumping, downhole instrument then by corresponding sensor identify start-stop pump sequence come receive subsurface biography information obtain
Instruction achievees the purpose that control downhole instrument.
But this drilling fluid pulse passes down limitation of the mode due to transmission medium, also with drilling fluid pulse measurement while-drilling instrument
Equally, sand content it is big, containing data transmission can not be normally carried out in the drilling fluid environments such as plugging material, gas, foam, inflation.
Meanwhile this mode that passes down needs the multiple start-stop pump of technical staff, and each start-stop of strict control pumps the time, and it is multiple to there is operation
The disadvantage that miscellaneous, single operation time is long and transmission speed is slow, and the downlink transfer link of this mode can only transmit it is limited
Several instructions, not can be carried out complicated order or continuous information transmission.
2) drilling liquid pressure pulse code method
This mode has rule using dedicated pressure pulse generator is mounted on ground drilling liquid circulation line standpipe
The pressure waveform for changing drilling fluid in drill string of rule, the information passed down or vector modulation are on pressure wave, and downhole instrument is by adding
The sensors such as speed or pressure realize downlink transfer link come the information for receiving ground or instruction.This mode can only be used alone down
Row transmission link takes the impulse generator of uplink link under other methods elder generation closed-in well that could work normally, and otherwise will
Information can not be transmitted by interfering with each other.
3) change the mode of drill string rotating speed
The working principle of this downlink transfer link pumps with start-stop, changes the working principle phase of pump speed combined sequence mode
Together, the carrier for only transmitting information becomes the drill string revolving speed of friction speed, equally can only also transmit limited several instructions,
Complicated order or the transmission of continuous information are not can be carried out.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of signal transmit-receive methods of ground installation, which comprises
Transmitting-receiving instruction judgment step, judges whether there is ground signal and sends instruction, if it is present executing ground signal
Otherwise sending step executes underground signal receiving step；
Ground signal sending step carries out power amplification after carrying out coding and modulation treatment to ground signal to be sent again,
Electric signal after power amplification is converted to electromagnetic signal to be sent out；
The electromagnetic signal that the outside received is transmitted is converted to electric signal by underground signal receiving step, to being converted to
Electric signal carry out conditioning amplification, demodulation and decoding processing then is carried out to amplified electric signal, obtains required data.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in the ground signal sending step, also according to the induction of underground equipment
Voltage determines ground launch power.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the induced voltage of the underground equipment is determined according to following expression:
Wherein, V indicates that the induced voltage of underground equipment, b indicate that drilling rod radius, l indicate the length of the second buried electrode, E
Indicate electric field component.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in the ground signal sending step and underground signal receiving step,
It is modulated by the way of differential phase-shift keying (DPSK), is demodulated by the way of differential coherence；And/or
It is coded and decoded by the way of convolution encoding and decoding.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in the ground signal sending step, according to the telecommunications after power amplification
Number it is converted to the first electromagnetic signal and the second electromagnetic signal, and by first electromagnetic signal and the second electromagnetic signal to outgoing
It send.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in the underground signal receiving step, also in detection signal receive process
With the presence or absence of error code and leakage code.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in the underground signal receiving step, by frame synchronization verification and/or
CRC check whether there is error code and leakage code to detect in signal receive process.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in the underground signal receiving step, also according to the external biography received
Come electromagnetic signal come adjust gain amplification multiple.
The present invention also provides a kind of signal transmit-receive methods of underground equipment, which comprises
Receiving and transmitting signal judgment step judges whether there is signal to be received, if it is present executing ground signal receives step
Suddenly, underground signal sending step is otherwise executed；
The electromagnetic signal that the ground received is transmitted is converted to electric signal by ground signal receiving step, to being converted to
Electric signal carry out conditioning amplification, demodulation and decoding processing is carried out to amplified electric signal, obtains required ground signal.
Underground signal sending step carries out power amplification after carrying out coding and modulation treatment to underground signal to be sent again,
Electric signal after power amplification is converted to electromagnetic signal to be sent out.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in the ground signal receiving step and underground signal sending step:
It is modulated by the way of differential phase-shift keying (DPSK), is demodulated by the way of differential coherence；And/or
It is coded and decoded by the way of convolution encoding and decoding.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in the underground signal sending step, according to the telecommunications after power amplification
Number it is converted to third electromagnetic signal and the 4th electromagnetic signal, and by the third electromagnetic signal and the 4th electromagnetic signal to outgoing
It send.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in the ground signal receiving step, also in detection signal receive process
With the presence or absence of error code and leakage code.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in the ground signal receiving step, by frame synchronization verification and/or
CRC check whether there is error code and leakage code to detect in signal receive process.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in the ground signal receiving step, also according to the external biography received
Come electromagnetic signal come adjust gain amplification multiple.
Data transmission method provided by the present invention can be realized the biography of the data double-way between ground installation and underground equipment
It is defeated, the ground installation engineering that real-time reception underground survey is arrived in drilling operation course, geological information can be made, and show in real time
Show to field technician.This method can also send electromagnetism from ground to downhole instrument at any time according to the needs of technical staff
Instruction.
Data transmission method provided by the present invention is a kind of two-way data transmission method, which uses
The mode of electromagnetic wireless transmission pumps without start-stop compared with general pulse transmission mode, does not delay drilling time, it is not easy to produce
Raw maloperation.In addition, the data frame structure of data transfer means transfers data provided by the present invention is more flexible, more complicated, energy
The control command of sending is more various, can in drilling process real-time optimization well track and downhole instrument operating condition, to wellbore rail
Mark control precision and drilling safety have great positive effect.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be illustrated in the following description, also, partly becomes from specification
It obtains it is clear that understand through the implementation of the invention.The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be by specification, right
Specifically noted structure is achieved and obtained in claim and attached drawing.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is required attached drawing in technical description to do simple introduction:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of data transmission system according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the distribution schematic diagram of ground-plane antenna module according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of ground signal R-T unit according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of underground signal R-T unit according to an embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, how to apply to the present invention whereby
Technological means solves technical problem, and the realization process for reaching technical effect can fully understand and implement.It needs to illustrate
As long as not constituting conflict, each feature in each embodiment and each embodiment in the present invention can be combined with each other,
It is within the scope of the present invention to be formed by technical solution.
Meanwhile in the following description, for illustrative purposes and numerous specific details are set forth, to provide to of the invention real
Apply the thorough understanding of example.It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that the present invention can not have to tool here
Body details or described ad hoc fashion are implemented.
Directional well, horizontal well drilling are the main means of current oil-gas exploration and development, for these drilling wells, detect well
Eye track measurement while-drilling instrument be necessary equipment, at present both at home and abroad mainly use MWD or EM-MWD both with brill
Measuring instrument.During wellbore construction, general measurement while-drilling instrument enters well every time and requires in underground work tens to several hundred
Hour, measurement while-drilling instrument constantly passes through uplink link the measurement data of underground is transmitted to ground in the process,
Directed drilling engineer just can control well track according to these data.
With the increasing of well depth or the variation on stratum, it is sometimes desirable to which the working condition or parameter for changing downhole instrument could more
The needs of good adaptation measurement while drilling, are just needed to stop at this time drilling well work, are passed using existing three kinds or combinations thereof of downlinks
Transmission link transmits new work order and relevant information to downhole instrument.Such method needs to occupy drilling time and relies on drilling machine
Terrestrial information could be descended into downhole instrument by the performance of equipment, and time few then more than ten minutes that instruction or information transmission need are more
Then dozens of minutes, real-time are poor.
It is another kind of need ground to the instrument of downhole transmitted information or instruction be the measurement while drilling with underground executing agency
Instrument, such as rotary steering equipment.This quasi-instrument usually require according to down-hole formation situation modify setting well track parameter,
The parameters such as build angle rate, then well track automatic guide is realized by downhole instrument automated programming, to adapt to the variation on stratum, using mesh
Preceding downlink transmission method efficiency is lower, also not can guarantee the real-time of instruction issuing.
Existing method there are aiming at the problem that, set the invention proposes a kind of by the ground of carrier and underground of electromagnetic signal
Bidirectional data transmission system between standby, real-time between realization downhole tool instrument and ground instrument in drilling process
Bidirectional transfer of information, the strong real-time having, the features such as being not take up drilling time, is easy to operate, not influenced by drilling medium, and
And the state of downhole tool instrument can be optimized in time, so that downhole instrument be kept to always work in optimum state, improve drilling well
Efficiency.
Fig. 1 shows the structural schematic diagram of signal receiving and transmitting system provided by the present embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, signal receiving and transmitting system provided by the present embodiment includes ground signal R-T unit and underground signal
R-T unit.Wherein, ground signal R-T unit is arranged at the ground in well site comprising ground-plane antenna module and ground signal
Processing module 102.Pit shaft 105 is arranged at the position of drill bit in underground signal R-T unit comprising down-hole antenna module
With underground signal processing module 106.
Ground-plane antenna module is by two identical, conductive cylindrical metal electrode (the i.e. first buried electrodes
103 and the second buried electrode 104) constitute, the two metal electrodes be both responsible for the transmission of electromagnetic signal signal, were also responsible for electromagnetism letter
The reception of number signal.Wherein, for the convenience of execute-in-place, the first buried electrode 103 is arranged near the well head of derrick 101
On ground, the second buried electrode 104 and the first buried electrode 103 are spaced pre-determined distance (such as 30 meters or more) and along drilling well
The direction setting that well track extends.It should be noted that in other embodiments of the invention, the first buried electrode and/or
Second buried electrode can also be arranged at other rational positions, and the invention is not limited thereto.Such as in an implementation of the invention
In example, the first buried electrode also be can be directly connected in the preventer group of well head or on drilling derrick.
In the present embodiment, the first buried electrode 104 and length of the second buried electrode is all larger than 40cm, diameter is all larger than
10mm.Certainly, in other embodiments of the invention, the relevant parameter of the first buried electrode 103 and the second buried electrode 104 is also
Other reasonable values can be used, the invention is not limited thereto.
In addition, the depth of the embedment below ground of the first buried electrode 103 and the second buried electrode 104 can be according to soil
Dry and wet degree determine, so that it is guaranteed that two buried electrodes all have lesser ground resistance.For example, in dry soil,
First buried electrode 103 and the second buried electrode 104 can also be watered in the case of necessary with regard to needing to bury deep
Suitable salt water is to reduce the ground resistance of buried electrode.
In the present embodiment, the first buried electrode 103 and the second buried electrode 104 pass through coaxial cable and ground signal respectively
Processing module 102 connects.Certainly, in other embodiments of the invention, the first buried electrode 103 and/or the second buried electrode
104 can also be connect using other reasonable manners with ground signal processing module 102, and the invention is not limited thereto.
In the present embodiment, ground signal processing module 102 is assemblied in an engineering plastics instrument container, the panel of instrument container
On the electrical connector socket connecting with ground-plane antenna module, industrial control computer, driller's display is installed.Certainly, in the present invention
Other embodiments in, ground signal processing module 102 can also use other reasonable assembly methods, and the present invention is equally unlimited
In this.
Fig. 2 shows the distribution schematic diagrams of ground-plane antenna module in the present embodiment.From figure 2 it can be seen that the two are buried
Distance d between ground electrode.It should be noted that if ground-plane antenna module includes 2 or more buried electrodes, also
Make θ at an angle between the first buried electrode and drill string.
The electromagnetic signal received can be converted to telecommunications by the down-hole antenna module that underground signal R-T unit is included
Number, the electric signal from underground signal processing module 106 can also be converted to electromagnetic signal and be sent out.Wherein, such as
Shown in Fig. 1, in the present embodiment, down-hole antenna module includes top connection 107, lower contact 109 and is located at top connection 107 under
Insulating joint 108 between connector 109.Top connection 107 is connect with the upper drilling string 110 of pit shaft 110, lower contact 109 and pit shaft
110 lower drilling string 111 connects.
In the present embodiment, the manufacture of top connection 107 and lower contact 109 is processed according to petroleum tool standard requirements, packet
Material selection, button-type and intensity is included to be intended to meet API standard requirement.The ontology of intermediate insulating joint 108 is used and is above connect
First 107 and/or the identical metal material of lower contact 109, the surfaces externally and internally of ontology be coated with insulating coating with realize it is electrical absolutely
Edge.Specifically, in the present embodiment, the resistance at 108 both ends of insulating joint is greater than 50k ohm.Certainly, in other implementations of the invention
In example, insulating joint 108 can also realize that the invention is not limited thereto using other reasonable manners.
It can be seen that in the present embodiment from foregoing description, ground-plane antenna module and down-hole antenna module have been all made of difference
Divide the mode of connection.Since general device thinks that earth level is the constant of 0V.But in fact, in different earthing positions
Place, is usually present different level.The two position is closer, and earth level is just closer to identical.But the ground of the two is connected
If being connected together, then level difference between the two can cause a high current, that is, there is earth-return circuit.This will also make
Anneta module is using single-ended connection type come error when inputting.And then unrelated with ground in the way of difference connection, this also energy
Enough solve problem with grounding existing under single-ended mode.
In addition, the input of single-ended mode is very sensitive to noise error.And in a differential mode, if antenna is there are noise,
The noise of so two antenna ends will be identical, then can eliminate the interference of noise by the difference of the two.
Certainly, in other embodiments of the invention, in case of need, ground-plane antenna module and underground down-hole antenna
Module can also be by the way of single-ended connection, and the invention is not limited thereto.
In the present embodiment, underground signal processing module 106 is assemblied in inside instrument assembly, and instrument assembly is then by being able to bear
The resistance to pressure cylinder of the metal of down-hole pressure forms and selects backbone in the dual-mode antenna pipe nipple of underground, and up and down two with antenna pipe nipple respectively
Hold electrical couplings.Certainly, in other embodiments of the invention, underground signal processing module 106 can also be using other rationally
Assembly method, the invention is not limited thereto.
Fig. 3 shows the structural schematic diagram of ground signal R-T unit provided by the present embodiment.
As shown in figure 3, ground signal R-T unit 301 provided by the present embodiment includes ground-plane antenna module, receives and dispatches and cut
Change the mold block 302, the first signal receiving circuit 303, the first signal sending circuit 304 and the first data processing module 305.Wherein,
Anneta module includes the first buried electrode 103 and the second buried electrode 104.Receive and dispatch switching module 302 respectively with the first buried electricity
Pole is connected with the second buried electrode, meanwhile, transmitting-receiving switching module 302 is also believed with the first signal receiving circuit 303 and first simultaneously
Number transmitting line 304 connects.First signal receiving circuit 303 and the first signal sending circuit 304 also with the first data processing mould
Block 305 connects.
When ground signal receiving/transmission device 301 is in signal reception state, ground-plane antenna module can be by the telecommunications of generation
Number by receive and dispatch switching module 302 be transferred to the first signal receiving circuit 303；When ground signal receiving/transmission device 301 is in signal
When transmission state, the electric signal containing ground data to be sent can be passed through transmitting-receiving switching mould by the first signal sending circuit 304
Block 302 is transferred to ground-plane antenna module, to be sent out by ground-plane antenna module.
In the process of work, the first data processing module 305 is it is first determined whether there are data to be sent.If deposited
Then switching command is being sent to the transmitting-receiving output of switching module 302；Otherwise switching command is received to the transmitting-receiving output of switching module 302.
Receive and dispatch switching module 302 according to send switching command by ground-plane antenna module and the first signal sending circuit 304 it
Between connection closure, and simultaneously switch off the connection between ground-plane antenna module and the first signal receiving circuit 303.In this way, first
Data processing module 305 is transferred to the first signal sending circuit 304 after being handled ground data to be sent, and first
Signal sending circuit 304 transmits electric signal via transmitting-receiving switching module 302 after being further processed to the electric signal received
It is sent out to ground-plane antenna module to convert electrical signals to electromagnetic signal signal by ground-plane antenna module.
When data to be sent are not present, transmitting-receiving switching module 302 can be according to reception switching command constantly by ground day
Connection between wire module and the first signal receiving circuit 303 is connected, and disconnects ground-plane antenna module and the first signal transmission electricity
Connection between road 304.I.e. ground signal R-T unit 301 is usually to be constantly in signal reception state, when there are pending
It send and is just converted to signal transmission state when ground data.
When ground signal receiving/transmission device 301 is in signal reception state, electromagnetism that ground-plane antenna module can will receive
Signal is converted to electric signal, and obtained electric signal is transferred to the first signal via transmitting-receiving switching module 302 and receives electricity
Road 303.First signal receiving circuit 303 will receive and dispatch after the electric signal that the transmission of switching module 302 comes is handled and be transferred to first
Data processing module 305 is further processed, to obtain the downhole data that underground signal R-T unit is sent.
In the present embodiment, ground signal R-T unit 301 also can determine whether when sending data to underground signal R-T unit
The transmission power of signal.Since the driving source of antenna is voltage source, the sense that buried electrode generates on drilling rod in order to obtain
Answer the distribution situation of electric current, it is necessary to calculate exciting current using the input impedance of emission electrode.
First buried electrode 103 is connected on rig floor, is also equivalent to the first buried electrode 103 with drilling rod and is connected to one
The case where rising, belonging to open-end.Therefore, the input impedance Z of the first buried electrode 103T1It can be calculated according to following expression
It obtains:
ZT1=Z01·cth(γ·h) (1)
Wherein, Z01Indicate the characteristic impedance of this whole unit length of the first buried electrode and drilling rod, γ indicates to propagate
Constant, h indicate underground signal R-T unit to the distance on ground.
Wherein, characteristic impedance Z01It can be calculated according to following expression:
Wherein, ρmIndicate m layers of formation resistivity, b and ζ respectively indicate drilling rod radius and drill pipe thickness, and ω indicates transmitting letter
The angular frequency that number carrier frequency is converted to, μ0Expression stratum magnetic conductivity, d the first grounding electrode of expression and the second grounding electrode
Spacing distance, ε1And ε2Respectively indicate mud dielectric constant and stratum dielectric constant, σ1And σ2Respectively indicate mud conductivity and ground
Layer conductivity, b1Indicate that drilling rod adds the radius of mud layer.
In second buried 104 insert into stratum of electrode, geometric dimension is much smaller than the skin depth of stratum medium, therefore basis
Net stilling the theatre method, the input impedance Z of the second buried electrode 104T2It can be calculated according to following expression:
Wherein, l and r respectively indicates the length and radius of the second buried electrode, k1Indicate propagation wave-numbers.
The input impedance Z of entire ground-plane antenna module can then be calculated according to following expression:
Z=ZT1+ZT2
At this point, when being in the buried electrode emission electromagnetic signal on ground, the exciting current caused by drilling rod uplink and downlink signals
I1(z) it is distributed are as follows:
Wherein, z indicates the component in the reference axis along drilling rod direction, I0Indicate to be applied to swashing in ground-plane antenna module
Electric current is encouraged, it can be according to the voltage V being applied in ground-plane antenna module0It is calculated with the input impedance Z of ground-plane antenna module
It arrives, it may be assumed that
When ground-plane antenna module applies a pumping signal on drilling rod, drilling rod can be known by expression formula (4)
On current distribution.If drilling rod to be considered as to the combination of the segment of several minimums, can be just equivalent to per a bit of
One vertical electric dipole.An induction field can be generated at the position of underground signal R-T unit, it will be every a bit of
Current value integrates the electric field component E at available underground signal R-T unit present position along drilling rod.In the present embodiment, electric field
Component E (ρ) can be calculated according to following expression:
Wherein, a indicates the skin effect empirical coefficient (usual value is 0.96) when electromagnetic signal is transmitted in the earth formation, ρ
Indicate formation resistivity.k1For propagation wave-numbers, can be calculated according to expression formula:
The induced voltage that underground signal signal receiving/transmission device receives then can be by electric field component E around the closure of its antenna
Integral calculation obtains, it may be assumed that
Ground signal R-T unit is it is possible thereby to determine the transmission power of downlink signal, to avoid signal transmission power
The problems such as too low, transmitting signal strength is excessively weak, transmission range is too short, avoiding underground signal R-T unit in this way can not yet
The case where receiving the control instruction on ground appearance.
In the present embodiment, earth-attenuation of the electromagnetic signal through long-distance sent by underground signal R-T unit, ground
The signal strength that face signal transmitting and receiving power supply can receive will be very faint (usually millivolt level).And in order to increase as far as possible
The transmission depth of downlink command, the power for the transmitting signal that ground signal R-T unit generates need very big by (usually tens
Volt).For ground signal Transmit-Receive Unit, transmitting uses same ground-plane antenna module with electromagnetic signal signal is received
(the i.e. first buried electrode 103 and the second buried electrode 104).In this way, what ground signal R-T unit generated when transmitting signals
Strong voltage and heavy current will cause to impact to signal receiving circuit, cause the voltage and current of signal receiving circuit beyond chip
The upper limit so that device can not work normally or even be damaged.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, ground signal R-T unit provided by the present embodiment uses effective strong, weak letter
Number quarantine measures, to ensure that the safety of signal sending circuit and signal receiving circuit in device.Specifically, as shown in figure 3,
By default, transmitting-receiving switching module 302 leads the connection between ground-plane antenna module and the first signal receiving circuit 303
It is logical, and the connection between ground-plane antenna module and the first signal sending circuit 304 is disconnected, it is filled to realize and be sent to underground signal
Set the reception of the electromagnetic signal sent.When the first data processing module 305 receives under the needs transmission that PC machine 307 is sent
After the request of row instruction, it can generate and send switching command to control transmitting-receiving switching module 302 for ground-plane antenna module and the first letter
Connection conducting between number transmitting line 304, and disconnect the company between ground-plane antenna module and the first signal receiving circuit 303
It connects, to realize the transmission of downlink command.
Ground signal R-T unit provided by the present embodiment realizes strong and weak signals by setting transmitting-receiving switching module 302
Isolation avoid strong signal to weak signal circuit so as to avoid directly contacting for strong signal circuit and weak signal circuit
Interference and impact, ensure that the reliability and safety of weak signal circuit.
In the present embodiment, transmitting-receiving switching module 302 uses two DPST relays to realize.Certainly, of the invention
In other embodiments, transmitting-receiving switching module can also realize that the present invention is not using other reasonable circuit forms or component
It is limited to this.
During progress signal is received, due to the company between ground-plane antenna module and the first signal receiving circuit 303
Connecing is conducting, therefore the electric signal that ground-plane antenna module is converted to will be transferred to the first letter by receiving and dispatching switching module 302
Number receive circuit 303, to be handled by the first signal receiving circuit 303.
As shown in figure 3, the first signal receiving circuit 303 includes the first photoelectric isolating circuit 401, first in the present embodiment
Gain amplifying circuit 402, the first analogue filter circuit 403 and the first analog to digital conversion circuit 404.First photoelectric isolating circuit 401
It is connected between transmitting-receiving switching module 302 and the first gain amplifying circuit 402, it in this way can be to avoid the first gain amplifying circuit
The inductive interference for the weak signal that 402 strong signals generated generate ground-plane antenna module.
First gain amplifying circuit 402 can carry out conditioning amplification to the electric signal from transmitting-receiving switching module 302, and will
Amplify obtained electric signal transmission to be filtered to the first analogue filter circuit 403.In the present embodiment, due to the first data processing
305 received signal of module needs for data-signal, therefore in the first analogue filter circuit 403 and the first data processing module
The first analog to digital conversion circuit 404 is also provided between 305, the first analog to digital conversion circuit 404 can be by the first analogue filter circuit
403 analog signals transmitted are transferred to the first data processing module 305 after being converted to digital signal.
It should be noted that in other embodiments of the invention, the first analog to digital conversion circuit 404 can also be integrated in
In one data processing module 305, the invention is not limited thereto.Meanwhile first photoelectric isolating circuit 401 and/or the first analog filtering
Circuit 305 can also be matched according to actual needs, and the present invention is similarly not so limited to.
First data processing module 305 includes the first signal demodulation unit 405, the first data decoding unit 406 and control
Unit 407.It in other embodiments of the invention, in case of need, can also be in the first signal receiving circuit 303 and
First data filtering circuit is set between one signal demodulation unit 405, with the number come to the transmission of the first signal receiving circuit 303
Signal is further filtered, and filtered digital signal is demodulated.
It is easy to that amplitude fading and dispersion phenomenon occurs when electromagnetic signal is transmitted in the earth formation, uses amplitude and frequency shift keying
Modulation system be easy to happen interference.In view of the above-mentioned problems, the first data processing module 305 is moved using difference in the present embodiment
The mode of phase keying (i.e. 2DPSK) is modulated, and demodulation mode uses differential coherent demodulation.Compared with 2PSK, 2DPSK disappears
In addition to " л " phenomenon in 2PSK.And from the point of view of the bit error rate curve of its differential coherent demodulation, due to the differential coherence of 2DPSK
Demodulation does not need to restore carrier wave, and the differential coherent demodulation of opposite 2PSK is easier to realize, facilitates the complicated journey of reduction system
Degree.Therefore, in the present embodiment, for modulation system using 2DPSK as signal modulation mode, demodulation uses differential coherent demodulation.This
Kind modulation system only has two code elements value 0 and 1, and different instructions is constituted by different permutation and combination methods.
It should be noted that in other embodiments of the invention, can also be adjusted using other reasonable manners
System and demodulation, the invention is not limited thereto.
First data decoding unit 406 is connect with the first data demodulation unit 405, can be according to the first data demodulation list
The data that 405 transmission of member comes decode to obtain required data (the i.e. underground status number that sends of underground signal R-T unit
According to).Channel coding and decoding should enable underground and ground receiver obtain maximum snr gain when instructing.Therefore this reality
Apply the reliability for guaranteeing data transmission in example by the way of convolution encoding and decoding.Convolution encoding and decoding are fairly simple, and it has
There is preferable error correcting capability.
As shown in figure 3, the data that decoding obtains are transferred to control list by the first data decoding unit 406 in the present embodiment
Member 407, to carry out data readback and analysis by control unit 407.In addition, be attached between external equipment for convenience,
Ground signal R-T unit 301 provided by the present embodiment is also configured with interface modular converter 306.Specifically, interface conversion mould
Block 306 includes USBHUB408 and USB- serial ports converting unit 409.Wherein, control unit 407 passes through USBHUB408 and PC machine
307 connections, meanwhile, control unit 407 is also connect by USBHUB408 and USB- serial ports converting unit 409 and downhole instrument configuration
Mouth 308 and the connection of other accessories 309.
Certainly, in other embodiments of the invention, USBHUB and USB- serial ports can also be turned according to actual needs
It changes unit to be matched, the invention is not limited thereto.In addition, in other embodiments of the invention, interface modular converter can be with
Using other reasonable circuit forms, the present invention is similarly not so limited to.
In the present embodiment, lead to the first data processing module 305 if the electromagnetic signal strength for being transferred to ground is too small
If the data that underground signal R-T unit is sent can not correctly being restored, control unit 407 can then be controlled by bus
First gain amplifying circuit 402 is adjusted the power amplification multiple of its own, so that the first data processing module receives
To signal further increased, to correctly restore downhole data.
So far the process for receiving the electromagnetic signal from underground signal R-T unit is just completed.
Due to the variation of increasing or stratum with well depth, it is sometimes desirable to which the working condition for changing downhole instrument could be more preferable
Adaptation measurement while drilling needs, therefore just need to transmit new work order and phase to downhole instrument using downlink transfer link
Close information.As shown in figure 3, the first data processing module 305 passes through the first signal sending circuit 304 and ground in the present embodiment
Anneta module to send work order and relevant information to underground signal R-T unit.
As shown in figure 3, the first data processing module 305 further includes the first data encoding unit 410 and in the present embodiment
One signal modulation unit 411.First data encoding unit 410 is by the way of convolutional encoding to sent work order or phase
It closes information to be encoded, and the data of generation is transferred to the first signal modulation unit 411 and are modulated.First signal modulation list
Data after 411 pairs of codings of member are modulated using differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) by the way of, and will be modulated obtained signal and be transferred to the
One signal sending circuit 304 is further processed.
In the present embodiment, the first signal sending circuit 304 includes the second photoelectric isolating circuit 412 and the first power amplification electricity
Road 413.The weak signal that first signal modulation unit 411 generates can be amplified and be obtained by the first power amplification circuit 413
Strong signal.In order to avoid the inductive interference that strong signal generates weak signal circuit, in the present embodiment, the second photoelectric isolating circuit
412 have been connected between the first signal modulation unit 411 and the first power amplification circuit 413.
When ground signal receiving/transmission device is in transmission state, switching module 302 is received and dispatched by ground-plane antenna module and first
Connection conducting between power amplification circuit 413, and be disconnected between ground-plane antenna module and the first photoelectric isolating circuit 401
Connection.Therefore, the electric signal (electric signal includes two paths of signals) that the first power amplification circuit 413 generates can be cut via transmitting-receiving
Mold changing block 302 is transferred to ground-plane antenna module (the i.e. first buried electrode 103 and the second buried electrode 104), ground-plane antenna module
The first electromagnetic signal and the second electromagnetic signal can be converted to the electric signal received, and by the first electromagnetic signal and second
Electromagnetic signal passes through the first buried electrode and the second buried electrode respectively and sends to underground signal R-T unit.
So far ground signal R-T unit just completes the downlink transfer of work order and related data.
Fig. 4 shows the structural schematic diagram of underground signal R-T unit provided by the present embodiment.
As shown in figure 4, underground signal R-T unit 501 provided by the present embodiment includes down-hole antenna module, antenna coupling
Clutch 502, second signal receive circuit 503, second signal transmitting line 504 and the second data processing module 505.Antenna coupling
Device 502 is connected to down-hole antenna module and second signal and receives between circuit 503, and second signal receives circuit 503 also with second
Data processing module 505 connects.Second signal transmitting line 504 is connected to down-hole antenna module and the second data processing module
Between 505.
Since underground signal R-T unit 501 generallys use lithium battery group power supply, voltage when electromagnetic signal emitting
Be with voltage when receiving signal it is identical, electric current is bigger when only electric current is than reception signal, but will not send out as ground signal
Current value gap when penetrating is equally obvious.Therefore, in the present embodiment, although also will be using strong, weak signal when downhole electromagnetic emits
Insulation blocking, but protected mode is slightly different compared with ground signal R-T unit.
As shown in figure 4, as an antenna coupler 502 is connected after the top connection 107 and lower contact 109 at antenna the two poles of the earth.
Strong and weak electric signal can be isolated in antenna coupler 502, to avoid interference and impact of the strong signal to weak signal circuit.
In addition, electric wire coupler 502 can also realize the matching of impedance.Specifically, in the present embodiment, antenna coupler 502 uses coupling
Transformer is closed to realize.Certainly, in other embodiments of the invention, antenna coupler can also use other reasonable circuits
Form or component (such as relay) Lai Shixian, the invention is not limited thereto.
In the present embodiment, underground signal R-T unit 501 acquiescently in signal send state, i.e., the device constantly to
Ground signal sending device sends electromagnetic signal.As shown in figure 4, with the second data processing in underground signal R-T unit 501
The sensor 506 that module 505 connects can be by the related data of collected underground (such as underground engineering information and geological information
Deng) handled via the second data processing module 505 after be transferred to second signal transmitting line 504, and sent out by second signal
Power transmission road 504 is sent to down-hole antenna module after being further processed, to convert electrical signals to electricity by down-hole antenna module
Magnetic signal is sent to ground signal R-T unit.
Specifically, as shown in figure 4, in the present embodiment, the second data processing module 505 includes sensing data receiving unit
601, the second data encoding unit 602 and second signal modulation unit 603.Sensing data receiving unit 601 will be from sensing
The data of device 506 are transferred to the second data encoding unit 602.With ground signal R-T unit correspondingly, in the present embodiment,
Two data encoding units 602 encode data by the way of convolutional encoding, and the data after coding are transferred to
Binary signal modulation unit 603.Equally, with ground signal R-T unit correspondingly, in the present embodiment, second signal modulation unit
603 carry out signal modulation by the way of 2DPSK.Second signal modulates form unit 603 and modulated signal is transferred to the
Binary signal transmitting line 504.
Second signal transmitting line 504 includes the 4th photoelectric isolating circuit 604 and the second power amplification circuit 605.Due to
Weak signal can be converted to strong signal by the second power amplification circuit 605, therefore in order to avoid strong signal produces weak signal circuit
Raw inductive interference, the 4th photoelectric isolating circuit 604 have been connected to the second power amplification circuit 605 and the second data processing module
Between 505.
Second power amplification circuit 605 is connect with down-hole antenna module, can by the obtained electric signal transmission of amplification to
Down-hole antenna module, to be converted to third electromagnetic signal and the 4th electromagnetic signal according to electric signal by down-hole antenna module, and
The two electromagnetic signals are sent to ground signal R-T unit by upper interface and lower interface respectively.
So far, underground signal R-T unit just realizes the upload of downhole data.
When ground signal receiving/transmission device sends work order or relevant information to underground, underground signal R-T unit will be temporary
Stop the transmission process of data and switch to signal reception state, after data receiver to be done, then reverts to signal and send state.
As shown in figure 4, underground signal R-T unit 501 is sent in reception ground signal R-T unit in the present embodiment
Signal when, first by down-hole antenna module (i.e. upper interface 107 and lower interface 109) by ground signal R-T unit transmit come
Electromagnetic signal be converted to electric signal.
Since the electromagnetic signal that ground signal R-T unit is sent needs the earth-attenuation through long-distance, underground letter
The signal strength that number R-T unit 501 receives can be very faint.And underground signal R-T unit 501 is sending signal to the ground
When generated signal strength it is stronger.Therefore, the interference in order to avoid signal to weak signal circuit, in the present embodiment, antenna coupling
The setting of clutch 502 receives between circuit 503 in down-hole antenna module and second signal.Antenna coupler 502 can be to strong, weak
Signal is isolated, to avoid interference and impact of the strong signal to weak signal circuit.
In the present embodiment, second signal transmission circuit 503 includes third photoelectric isolating circuit 606, the second gain amplification electricity
Road 607, the second analogue filter circuit 608 and the second analog to digital conversion circuit 609.Wherein, third photoelectric isolating circuit 606 is connected to
Between antenna coupler and the second gain amplifying circuit 607, the induction that weak signal circuit can be generated to avoid strong signal in this way
Interference.Since the electric signal that the transmission of third photoelectric isolating circuit 606 comes is very faint, for convenience at subsequent analysis
Reason, it is necessary to it be amplified by the second gain amplifying circuit 607.In addition, the second data processing module 505 is right for convenience
Signal is analyzed and processed, and in the present embodiment, the electric signal that the second gain amplifying circuit 607 generates can pass through the second analog filtering
Circuit 608 is transferred to the second analog to digital conversion circuit 609 after being filtered, and is converted to number by the second analog to digital conversion circuit 609
The second data processing module 505 is transferred to after signal.
Certainly, in other embodiments of the invention, the second analog to digital conversion circuit 609 can also be integrated at the second data
It manages in module 505, the invention is not limited thereto.Meanwhile third photoelectric isolating circuit 606 and third analogsimulation filter circuit 608
It can also be matched according to actual needs, the present invention is similarly not so limited to.
In the present embodiment, the second data processing module 505 further includes second signal demodulating unit 610, the decoding of the second data
Unit 611 and control analytical unit 612, the connection relationship and working principle and ground signal R-T unit of these component units
In the first signal demodulation unit, the first data decoding power supply it is identical with control unit, details are not described herein.Certainly, it is needing
In the case where, the second digital filtering can also be configured between second signal demodulating unit 610 and the second analog to digital conversion circuit 609
Circuit, the invention is not limited thereto.
Control analytical unit 612 can according to information that obtained ground is sent (such as job control instruction etc.) come pair
The working condition of downhole tool 507 is controlled, to realize in the case where not needing to stop drilling well work to underground work
Working condition be adjusted.
So far, underground signal signal receiving/transmission device just completes the reception to the electromagnetic signal from ground.
In addition, the reliability in order to guarantee data transmission, in the present embodiment, also carries out when carrying out the transmitted in both directions of data
The verification of frame synchronization checksum CRC.Used frame structure are as follows: frame synchronization check bit (12)+data 1/ instruct 1 (8)+data
2/ instruction 2+ data 3/ instruct 3+ ...+reiving/transmitting state position (1)+CRC check (3)+frame end position (1).Reiving/transmitting state
Position is the transmission direction of standard at this time, underground to the ground uplink when, which is 0, when ground is to underground downlink transfer, the position
It is 1.
Wherein, frame synchronization check bit be one 12, the fixation ordered series of numbers that is made of symbol 0 and 1.It is received and dispatched in ground signal
The comparison template of identical ordered series of numbers composition has all been preset in the receiving module of device and the receiving module of underground signal R-T unit.
When receiving the electromagnetic signal that transmission comes, first 12 of data frame and preset comparison template are compared.If coincide
Degree is more than preset threshold value, that is considered as having passed through frame synchronization verification.After verifying by frame synchronization, it will continue to compare the school CRC
Position is tested, two verify while passing through, and just prove do not occur error code or leakage code, the data or instruction of transmission when data transmission
It is accurately and reliably.
If frame synchronization check bit is excessive, it is excessive to will result in data processing amount, is more than cpu chip processing capacity；
If frame synchronization check bit is very few, it will result in verification and be not allowed, verification can be passed through there are error code sometimes.This implementation
In example, by multiple repetition test, the final synchronization check template for determining 12 is suitable.
Certainly, in other embodiments of the invention, the number of frame synchronization check bit can also use other reasonable values, example
Other values in such as 10~15 ranges, the invention is not limited thereto.In addition, it should be noted that, in other implementations of the invention
In example, according to actual needs, the structure of frame can also use other proper forms, and the present invention is similarly not so limited to.
In order to increase the transmission depth of signal as far as possible and reduce the decaying of electromagnetic signal in the earth formation, in the present embodiment,
According to the characteristic of skin effect and electromagnetic signal, using very low frequencies as the carrier frequency of transmitted in both directions.Wherein, carrier frequency
It can be selected between 3~200Hz.It should be pointed out that in order to avoid uplink signal and downlink signal generation are obscured, this implementation
In example, the carrier frequency of uplink signal and the carrier frequency of downlink signal are different.Certainly, in other embodiments of the invention,
The carrier frequency of uplink signal and downlink signal can also be chosen in other zone of reasonableness, and the invention is not limited thereto.
Since the ground that well site is arranged in ground signal R-T unit goes out, ground signal R-T unit can also be adopted
The problem of being powered with power supplys such as 220V, work number and power supply be also just not present.Therefore, ground signal R-T unit can select
Biggish transmission power (such as the total 200W of 40V*5A) is selected, so that downlink signal intensity is as big as possible, to increase downlink signal
Transmission range.
Underground signal R-T unit is to be powered by battery (such as lithium battery), and replace battery and need to stall and will fill
It sets from underground and takes out, the plenty of time can be wasted in this way.Therefore, it needs to consider hair when underground signal R-T unit transmitting uplink signal
The problem of penetrating power enables ground signal R-T unit to receive to obtain so that the signal strength for ensuring to launch is sufficiently large.
But need to consider that transmission power again cannot be excessive when underground signal R-T unit transmitting uplink signal, it will lead to device in this way
Power consumption it is excessive so that the shorter battery life of device.In the present embodiment, by repetition test, by underground transmission power
Selection is in 20W or so.
It should be noted that the transmission power of ground signal R-T unit and/or underground signal R-T unit can be with root
It is determined according to actual well site and drilling well situation, the invention is not limited thereto.
As can be seen that data transmission method provided by the present embodiment can be realized ground installation and well from foregoing description
Data double-way transmission between lower equipment, can make ground installation real-time reception underground survey in drilling operation course arrive
Engineering, geological information, and real-time display is to field technician.This method can also according to the needs of technical staff, at any time from
Ground sends electromagnetism instruction to downhole instrument.
Bidirectional transmission method provided by the present invention is by the way of electromagnetic wireless transmission, with general pulse transmission mode
It compares, is pumped without start-stop, do not delay drilling time, it is not easy to generate maloperation.In addition, data transmission system provided by the present invention
The data frame structure of system transmission data is more flexible, more complicated, and the control command that can be issued is more various, can be real in drilling process
Shi Youhua well track and downhole instrument operating condition, there is great positive effect to hole trajectory control precision and drilling safety.
It should be understood that disclosed embodiment of this invention is not limited to specific structure disclosed herein, processing step
Or material, and the equivalent substitute for these features that those of ordinary skill in the related art are understood should be extended to.It should also manage
Solution, term as used herein is used only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and is not intended to limit.
" one embodiment " or " embodiment " mentioned in specification means the special characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments, structure
Or characteristic is included at least one embodiment of the present invention.Therefore, the phrase " reality that specification various places throughout occurs
Apply example " or " embodiment " the same embodiment might not be referred both to.
For convenience, multiple projects, structural unit, component units and/or material as used herein may alternatively appear in common column
In table.However, these lists should be interpreted that each element in the list is respectively identified as independent unique member.Therefore, exist
In the case where not having reverse side explanation, no one of list member, which can be based only upon them and appear in common list, just to be explained
For the practical equivalent of any other member of same list.In addition, herein can also be together with the substitution for being directed to each element
Come referring to various embodiments of the present invention and example.It should be understood that these embodiments, example and substitution are not construed as that
This equivalent, and it is considered as independent autonomous representative of the invention.
In addition, described feature, structure or characteristic can be integrated to one or more in fact in any other suitable manner
It applies in example.In the above description, some concrete details, such as length, width, shape etc. are provided, to provide to the present invention
Embodiment comprehensive understanding.However, those skilled in the relevant art are readily apparent that, the present invention is not necessarily to said one or multiple specific
Details can realize, or other methods, component, material can also be used etc. and realize.In other examples, known structure,
Material or operation are not shown or described in detail in order to avoid obscuring various aspects of the invention.
Although above-mentioned example is used to illustrate principle of the present invention in one or more application, for the technology of this field
For personnel, without departing from the principles and ideas of the present invention, hence it is evident that can in form, the details of usage and implementation
It is upper that various modifications may be made and does not have to make the creative labor.Therefore, the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of signal transmit-receive method of ground installation, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
Transmitting-receiving instruction judgment step, judges whether there is ground signal and sends instruction, sends if it is present executing ground signal
Otherwise step executes underground signal receiving step；
Ground signal sending step carries out power amplification after carrying out coding and modulation treatment to ground signal to be sent, by function again
The amplified electric signal of rate is converted to electromagnetic signal and is sent out；And
The electromagnetic signal that the outside received is transmitted is converted to electric signal, to the electricity being converted to by underground signal receiving step
Signal carries out conditioning amplification, then carries out demodulation and decoding processing to amplified electric signal, obtains required data,
Wherein, in the ground signal sending step, ground launch power is determined also according to the induced voltage of underground equipment,
Wherein, the induced voltage of the underground equipment is determined in the following manner:
By being added the input impedance of the first of the ground installation the buried electrode and the second buried electrode to obtain the ground
The input impedance Z of the ground-plane antenna module of equipment；
The electric field component E at the underground equipment present position is obtained according to the following formula,
Wherein, ρ indicates formation resistivity, and ω indicates the angular frequency that transmitting signal(-) carrier frequency is converted to, μ0Indicate stratum magnetic conductance
Rate, l indicate the length of the second buried electrode, V0Indicate the voltage being applied in the ground-plane antenna module, k1Indicate propagating wave
Number, γ indicate propagation constant, and h indicates the underground equipment to the distance on ground, when a expression electromagnetic signal is transmitted in the earth formation
Skin effect empirical coefficient, z indicate the component in the reference axis along drilling rod direction；
The induced voltage V of the underground equipment is determined according to the following formula,
Wherein, b indicates drilling rod radius.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that receive step in the ground signal sending step and underground signal
In rapid,
It is modulated by the way of differential phase-shift keying (DPSK), is demodulated by the way of differential coherence；And/or
It is coded and decoded by the way of convolution encoding and decoding.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in the ground signal sending step, put according to power
Electric signal after big is converted to the first electromagnetic signal and the second electromagnetic signal, and by first electromagnetic signal and the second electromagnetism
Signal is sent out.
4. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the underground signal receiving step, also detection signal is connect
With the presence or absence of error code and leakage code during receiving.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that in the underground signal receiving step, pass through frame synchronization school
Test and/or CRC check come detect in signal receive process with the presence or absence of error code and leakage code.
6. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the underground signal receiving step, also according to receiving
The electromagnetic signal that transmits of outside adjust the multiple of gain amplification.
7. a kind of signal transmit-receive method of underground equipment, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
Receiving and transmitting signal judgment step judges whether there is signal to be received, if it is present ground signal receiving step is executed,
Otherwise underground signal sending step is executed；
The electromagnetic signal that the ground received is transmitted is converted to electric signal, to the electricity being converted to by ground signal receiving step
Signal carries out conditioning amplification, carries out demodulation and decoding processing to amplified electric signal, obtains required ground signal；And
Underground signal sending step carries out power amplification after carrying out coding and modulation treatment to underground signal to be sent, by function again
The amplified electric signal of rate is converted to electromagnetic signal and is sent out,
Wherein, the transmission power for the electromagnetic signal that the ground is transmitted is determined according to the induced voltage of underground equipment:
Wherein, the induced voltage of the underground equipment is determined in the following manner:
By being added the input impedance of the first of ground installation the buried electrode and the second buried electrode to obtain the ground installation
Ground-plane antenna module input impedance Z；
The electric field component E at the underground equipment present position is obtained according to the following formula,
Wherein, ρ indicates formation resistivity, and ω indicates the angular frequency that transmitting signal(-) carrier frequency is converted to, μ0Indicate stratum magnetic conductance
Rate, l indicate the length of the second buried electrode, V0Indicate the voltage being applied in the ground-plane antenna module, k1Indicate propagating wave
Number, γ indicate propagation constant, and h indicates the underground equipment to the distance on ground, when a expression electromagnetic signal is transmitted in the earth formation
Skin effect empirical coefficient, z indicate the component in the reference axis along drilling rod direction；
The induced voltage V of the underground equipment is determined according to the following formula,
Wherein, b indicates drilling rod radius,
Wherein, it in the ground signal receiving step, is verified by frame synchronization checksum CRC to detect in signal receive process
With the presence or absence of error code and leakage code, wherein the number of frame synchronization check bit is 12.
8. the method for claim 7, which is characterized in that send step in the ground signal receiving step and underground signal
In rapid:
It is modulated by the way of differential phase-shift keying (DPSK), is demodulated by the way of differential coherence；And/or
It is coded and decoded by the way of convolution encoding and decoding.
9. method as claimed in claim 7 or 8, which is characterized in that in the underground signal sending step, put according to power
Electric signal after big is converted to third electromagnetic signal and the 4th electromagnetic signal, and by the third electromagnetic signal and the 4th electromagnetism
Signal is sent out.
10. the method for claim 7, which is characterized in that in the ground signal receiving step, also according to receiving
The electromagnetic signal that transmits of outside adjust the multiple of gain amplification.
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| CN106850479B (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2020-02-14 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Drilling fluid continuous wave frequency continuous phase smooth coding modulation and demodulation system and method |
| CN107395449B (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2021-09-24 | 大连理工大学 | Ground experiment device of rotary steering drilling equipment communication system and use method thereof |
| CN108533249A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-14 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所 | Mine-used I. S signal measurement apparatus |
| CN108612523B (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2019-06-28 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of bi-directional electromagnetic measurement while drilling control method and system based on aerial array |
| CN108847946A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-11-20 | 新华三信息安全技术有限公司 | A kind of method for transmitting signals and PCB |
| CN113216943B (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2023-04-14 | 电子科技大学 | Wireless electromagnetic wave transmission receiving and transmitting system for logging-while-drilling signals |
| CN114610079B (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-10-18 | 国机传感科技有限公司 | Two-dimensional control method and system based on extremely-low-frequency magnetic sensing |
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