CN106285473A - The control optimization method and device of horizontal well drilling frictional resistance - Google Patents
The control optimization method and device of horizontal well drilling frictional resistance Download PDFInfo
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- CN106285473A CN106285473A CN201610697080.XA CN201610697080A CN106285473A CN 106285473 A CN106285473 A CN 106285473A CN 201610697080 A CN201610697080 A CN 201610697080A CN 106285473 A CN106285473 A CN 106285473A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
Abstract
The invention discloses the control optimization method and device of a kind of horizontal well drilling frictional resistance, it relates to ground or petroleum geology drilling applications, and the control optimization method of described horizontal well drilling frictional resistance comprises the following steps: obtain drilling parameter；Select to obtain multi-group data sample according to the drilling parameter in drillng operation；Identify each drill string job state corresponding to described data sample；The actual coefficient of friction resistance of described data sample is obtained based on the drill string job state corresponding to described drilling parameter, described data sample, described data sample；The actual coefficient of friction resistance of described data sample and described data sample is carried out correlation analysis to obtain meeting in drilling parameter the parameter of preset requirement；The parameter meeting preset requirement in drilling parameter is adjusted according to preset rules.This control optimization method and device can optimize the actual coefficient of friction resistance, thus improves real-time drilling efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ground or petroleum geology drilling applications, particularly to the control optimization of a kind of horizontal well drilling frictional resistance
Method and device.
Background technology
Long level of displacement well technology has become as one of agent technology of exploitation unconventional petroleum resources.China is at shale
Gas, fine and close oil gas aspect are the most successfully drilled to a collection of long level of displacement well, and average water horizontal well segment length progressively increases to from 500m
More than 1500m.But, long level of displacement well technology is compared and is abroad still suffered from bigger gap, is mainly reflected in long net horizontal section water
Horizontal well drilling period is partially long, operating cost is higher, and horizontal segment development length is limited.
From drilling period and drill footage data, substantial amounts of drilling time all consumes at angle buildup interval and net horizontal section
In drillng operation, the main cause causing this result is: in long level of displacement well drilling process, and drilling well frictional resistance is high, and then
Causing drilling efficiency low, the cycle is long, and cost is high, has a strong impact on unconventional petroleum resources (i.e. shale gas, fine and close oil gas so later
Deng) benefit exploitation.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the drawbacks described above of prior art, the embodiment of the present invention provides the control of a kind of horizontal well drilling frictional resistance
Optimization method and device processed, it can optimize drilling parameter, effectively reduce the drag and torque in drilling process, improves drilling tool at well
Lower energy transfer efficiency.
The concrete technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention is: the control optimization method of a kind of horizontal well drilling frictional resistance, including with
Lower step:
Obtain drilling parameter；
Select to obtain multi-group data sample according to the drilling parameter in drillng operation；
Identify each drill string job state corresponding to described data sample；
Institute is obtained based on the drill string job state corresponding to described drilling parameter, described data sample, described data sample
State the actual coefficient of friction resistance of data sample；
The actual coefficient of friction resistance of described data sample and described data sample is carried out correlation analysis to obtain drilling well ginseng
Number meets the parameter of preset requirement；
The parameter meeting preset requirement in drilling parameter is adjusted according to preset rules.
As one preferred embodiment, described drilling parameter includes logging parameters, drill column structure parameter, drilling well fluidity
Energy parameter, well track parameter and wellbore parameters.
As one preferred embodiment, described logging parameters includes bit size, time, well depth, bit location, brill
Time, hook load, rotating speed, moment of torsion, vertical pressure, casing pressure, pump punching, the discharge capacity of import and export and the drilling fluid density of import and export.
As one preferred embodiment, described drill column structure parameter include drilling tool type, external diameter, internal diameter, length and
Line weight.
As one preferred embodiment, described drilling fluid performance parameters includes plastic viscosity, yield value, lube system
Number, described well track parameter includes tiltedly deep, hole deviation and orientation, described wellbore parameters include pit shaft type, lower deep, internal diameter, with
And the preset coefficient of friction resistance.
As one preferred embodiment, obtain organizing number according to selection in the drilling parameter in drillng operation described more
According in the step of sample, specifically, according to the drilling parameter in drillng operation obtains the data sample under the most in the same time, enter
And obtain multi-group data sample.
As one preferred embodiment, at the drill string job state corresponding to each described data sample of described identification
Step in, particularly as follows:
According to well depth in the logging data in described data sample is the most identical with bit location, this data sample is distinguished
For a class state, i.e. orientation or rotary drilling state or b class state, the state that i.e. makes a trip or reaming state；If the same should
Data sample divides into a class state, if differed, divides into b class state；
According to the data sample medium speed in a class state and torque, a class state is divided into c state, i.e. rotary drilling
State or d class state, i.e. directional drilling state；If data sample meets rotating speed is more than 1kN more than 10r/m and moment of torsion simultaneously
M, then the drill string state of this data sample is c class state, and otherwise the drill string state of this data sample is d class state；
According to displacement size in the data sample in b class state, b class state is divided into e class state, i.e. reaming operation state
Or f class state, i.e. round trip state；If the discharge capacity of this data sample is more than 5L/s, then the drill string state of this data sample
For e class state, otherwise the drill string state of this data sample is f class state；
According to the data sample medium speed in e class state and torque, e class state is divided into g class state, i.e. rotates and draw
Eye state or h class state, the most non-rotating reaming state；If this data sample meets rotating speed simultaneously > 10r/m, moment of torsion be more than
1kNm, then the drill string state of this data sample is g class state, otherwise it is assumed that drill string state is h class state；
Whether more than preferable hook load, f class state is divided according to actual hook load in the data sample in f class state
For i class state, i.e. trip-out state or j class state, bore state down；If actual hook load is big more than preferable in this data sample
Hook load, then the drill string state of this data sample is i class state, otherwise it is assumed that drill string state is j class state；
Whether more than preferable hook load, h class state is divided according to actual hook load in the data sample in h class state
For k class state, i.e. on put forward reaming state or l class state, i.e. transfer reaming state；If actual hook load is big in this data sample
In preferable hook load, then the drill string state of this data sample is k class state, otherwise it is assumed that drill string state is l class state.
As one preferred embodiment, described based on described drilling parameter, described data sample, described data sample
Drill string job state corresponding to Ben obtains in the step of the actual coefficient of friction resistance of described data sample, and defined function f (u) is real
Border hook load and the difference of theoretical hook load, formula is as follows:
F (u)=FhkL-FHKL(u)
Above-mentioned formula uses two way classification iterative μ value when f (u)=0, and this u value is actual coefficient of friction resistance uActual；
Wherein, FHKLRepresenting actual hook load, its unit is kN；FHKLU () represents that the coefficient of friction resistance is calculating hook during u
Load, its unit is kN.
As one preferred embodiment, described to described data sample with the actual frictional resistance system of described data sample
Number carries out correlation analysis to obtain meeting in drilling parameter in the step of the parameter of preset requirement, particularly as follows: to described data
The actual coefficient of friction resistance of the logging parameters in sample and described data sample carries out correlation analysis and obtains correlation coefficient；According to institute
State correlation coefficient and obtain the logging parameters in described data sample meets the parameter of pre-conditioned；To in described data sample
Logging parameters in do not meet the parameter of pre-conditioned and carry out non-linear dependencies analysis and obtain meeting the ginseng of pre-conditioned two
Number.
As one preferred embodiment, described to drilling parameter in meet the parameter of preset requirement according to default rule
In the step being then adjusted, specifically, to drilling parameter meeting the parameter of pre-conditioned one and meeting pre-conditioned two
Parameter is adjusted according to preset rules.
The application also provides for the control of a kind of horizontal well drilling frictional resistance and optimizes device, the control of described horizontal well drilling frictional resistance
Optimize device to include:
Sampling module, for obtaining multi-group data sample according to selection in the drilling parameter in drillng operation；
State recognition module, for identifying each drill string job state corresponding to described data sample；
Computing module, for making based on the drill string corresponding to described drilling parameter, described data sample, described data sample
Industry state obtains the actual coefficient of friction resistance of described data sample；
Correlating module, for being correlated with to the actual coefficient of friction resistance of described data sample and described data sample
Property analysis is to obtain meeting in drilling parameter the parameter of preset requirement；
Adjusting module, for being adjusted according to preset rules the parameter meeting preset requirement in drilling parameter.
Control optimization method in the embodiment of the present invention can be according to real-time drilling parameter, real-time computational representation down-hole energy
, which drilling parameter there is bigger dependency by calculating with in the actual coefficient of friction resistance of parameter of amount transmission efficiency, and according to phase
The variation characteristic of Guan Xingliang, optimizes the actual coefficient of friction resistance, and then realizes optimal actual coefficient of friction resistance control target, thus improve
Real-time drilling efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described here is only used for task of explanation, and is not intended to limit model disclosed by the invention by any way
Enclose.It addition, the shape of each parts in figure and proportional sizes etc. are only schematically, it is adapted to assist in the understanding of the present invention, and
It not shape and the proportional sizes specifically limiting each parts of the present invention.Those skilled in the art under the teachings of the present invention, can
To select various possible shape and proportional sizes to implement the present invention as the case may be.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart that the present invention controls optimization method in an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation controlling device of drilling parameter in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
In conjunction with accompanying drawing and the description of the specific embodiment of the invention, it is possible to clearly understand the details of the present invention.But
It is, the detailed description of the invention of invention described herein to be only used for explaining the purpose of the present invention, and can not understand by any way
One-tenth is limitation of the present invention.Under the teachings of the present invention, technical staff is it is contemplated that the most possible change of based on the present invention
Shape, these are regarded as belonging to the scope of the present invention.
At present in domestic water horizontal well drilling process, the management optimization passive optimal way of many employings to frictional resistance, i.e. designs rank
Section, by the analysis of frictional resistance to drilling well, drilling technology parameter that optimization is relatively reasonable also writes in drilling engineering design；?
In drilling process, execution Drilling Design parameter, to control frictional resistance, once finds that drilling complexity feelings even occurs in drag and torque deterioration
After condition, just look into pendulum questions and prospect, and drilling technology parameter optimized further, change Drilling Design, perform new drilling parameter,
Reduce frictional resistance.It is found by the applicant that there are problems in this optimal way.This optimal way can not find the deterioration of frictional resistance in time
Trend, looks into pendulum problem time longer, it is impossible to ensures that drillng operation is under low frictional resistance state all the time and works, finally affects horizontal well
Working performance when the big displacement of section extends, affects well section development length, even cannot complete predetermined drilling well well section operation time serious.
Secondly, only certain arranging just is taked when frictional resistance has comparatively seriously led to certain drilling complexity or accident
Executing, although using new drilling technology parameter to reduce frictional resistance to a certain extent after optimized, but being formed under high drag and torque
Such as track quality, hole diameter quality, the key influence factor such as well keyway cannot change, rubbing when affecting subsequent well operation
Resistance.Meanwhile, this optimal way adjusts and optimizes drilling technology parametric procedure complexity, ageing poor, when meeting high frictional resistance, repeatedly goes up
Putting and put or significantly swing drilling tool and affect working performance, increase drilling well subsidiary operation time, in conventional gas and oil is developed, impact provides
The Efficient Development in source, affects the effective exploitation of resource in unconventionaloil pool drilling well.Therefore, applicant proposed a kind of control excellent
Change method, Fig. 1 is the flow chart controlling optimization method of present invention horizontal well drilling frictional resistance in an embodiment, as it is shown in figure 1, institute
The control optimization method stating horizontal well drilling frictional resistance comprises the following steps:
S101: obtain drilling parameter.
Obtaining drilling parameter, wherein, described drilling parameter includes that logging parameters, drill column structure parameter, property of drilling fluid are joined
Number, well track parameter and wellbore parameters.When described logging parameters includes bit size, time, well depth, bit location, brill, hook
Load, rotating speed, moment of torsion, vertical pressure, casing pressure, pump punching, the discharge capacity imported and exported and the drilling fluid density of import and export.Described drill column structure parameter
Including drilling tool type, external diameter, internal diameter, length and line weight.Described drilling fluid performance parameters includes plastic viscosity, yield value, lubrication
Coefficient.Described well track parameter includes the deepest, hole deviation and orientation.Described wellbore parameters include pit shaft type, lower deep, internal diameter,
The preset coefficient of friction resistance.
The acquisition of above-mentioned drilling parameter can use manually acquisition, as being directly manually entered in computer system, it is also possible to
The interface provided according to the real-time logging system of drilling well, is automatically imported by computer.Certain, it is also possible to use both the above simultaneously
Method, part data are directly automatically imported by logging system, and part data are manually entered.
S102: select to obtain multi-group data sample according to the drilling parameter in drillng operation.
According to above-mentioned drilling parameter, using the data in moment a certain in drillng operation as one group of data sample, obtain multiple
Data under the most in the same time and then obtain multi-group data sample.In actual well drilled operation, all there is one group of well logging number in each moment
According to, in order to analyze the variation tendency of drilling well frictional resistance, need the logging data from numerous drilling parameters to select and currently grind
Study carefully the data sample that state dependency is higher, i.e. need sample data is reasonably selected.Reflect current drilling state
The data sample that data can select within bottom hole location 50m, drillstring motion state is identical, sample size select 40 to
About 100 groups are analyzed；The data of the downhole conditions of reflection pit shaft position select near this position within 2m, identical drill string
The data sample of kinestate is analyzed.The drillstring motion state of each data sample can be obtained by calculating, next
Step is described in detail.
S103: identify each drill string job state corresponding to described data sample.
In this step, the kinestate of underground drill stem can be distinguished according to the feature of each data sample, such as rotate
Lower brill, do not rotate make a trip, slipping drilling, rotary drilling, the state such as reaming, know method for distinguishing as follows:
According to well depth in the logging data in described data sample is the most identical with bit location, this data sample is distinguished
For a class state, i.e. orientation or rotary drilling state or b class state, the state that i.e. makes a trip or reaming state；If the same should
Data sample divides into a class state, if differed, divides into b class state.
According to the data sample medium speed in a class state and torque, a class state is divided into c state, i.e. rotary drilling
State or d class state, i.e. directional drilling state；If data sample meets rotating speed is more than 1kN more than 10r/m and moment of torsion simultaneously
M, then the drill string state of this data sample is c class state, and otherwise the drill string state of this data sample is d class state.
According to displacement size in the data sample in b class state, b class state is divided into e class state, i.e. reaming operation state
Or f class state, i.e. round trip state；If the discharge capacity of this data sample is more than 5L/s, then the drill string state of this data sample
For e class state, otherwise the drill string state of this data sample is f class state.
According to the data sample medium speed in e class state and torque, e class state is divided into g class state, i.e. rotates and draw
Eye state or h class state, the most non-rotating reaming state；If this data sample meets rotating speed simultaneously > 10r/m, moment of torsion be more than
1kNm, then the drill string state of this data sample is g class state, otherwise it is assumed that drill string state is h class state.
Whether more than preferable hook load, f class state is divided according to actual hook load in the data sample in f class state
For i class state, i.e. trip-out state or j class state, bore state down；If actual hook load is big more than preferable in this data sample
Hook load, then the drill string state of this data sample is i class state, otherwise it is assumed that drill string state is j class state.
Whether more than preferable hook load, h class state is divided according to actual hook load in the data sample in h class state
For k class state, i.e. on put forward reaming state or l class state, i.e. transfer reaming state；If actual hook load is big in this data sample
In preferable hook load, then the drill string state of this data sample is k class state, otherwise it is assumed that drill string state is l class state.
Described f class can be divided into according to bit location data variation before and after in described data sample in theory and removing
Driller's condition, but because of obtain logging data belong to discrete data, by contrast bit location change in depth distinguish make a trip, draw
Eye is with a low credibility, therefore is checked by difference between the actual hook load of contrast and theoretical hook load in the present embodiment
Identify.
After obtaining the status categories of drill string corresponding to data sample, can from many group sample datas general select with currently
The higher data sample of research state dependency is to carry out next step.
S104: obtain based on the drill string job state corresponding to described drilling parameter, described data sample, described data sample
The actual coefficient of friction resistance to described data sample.
Defined function f (u) is the difference of actual hook load and theoretical hook load, and formula is as follows:
F (u)=FhkL-FHKL(u)
Wherein, FHKLRepresenting actual hook load, its unit is kN；FHKLU () represents that the coefficient of friction resistance is calculating hook during u
Load, its unit is kN.
In this step, according to the logging parameters in drilling parameter data, drill column structure parameter, drilling fluid performance parameters,
Well track parameter, wellbore parameters, use conventional documents (such as document [1] the JONES H H.How to Drill of this area
a Vertical Oil Well or Drilling Straight Holes by Gravity[J].Oil&Gas Journal,
1929,(9):9-13；Document [2] CAPELUSH NIKOV M.Why Holes Go Crooked in Drilling [J]
.World Petroleum,1930,(5):191-196；Document [3] Liu Chenbao, cup is owed on high mountain. petroleum drilling and mining tubular buckling [M]. and north
Capital: petroleum industry publishing house, 2011:7-13,68-73；Document [4] Gao Deli. oil gas tubular buckling and engineering [M]. Beijing: in
Publishing house of University of Petroleum of state, 2006:82-120 etc.) drill string job state can in the frictional resistance computation model announced and step S103
To obtain the theoretical hook load F promoting tubing string in drilling processHKL(u).Actual hook load FHKL calculation is ability
The existing convenient technical process in territory, is not repeated at this.
The method illustrating below to calculate FHKL (u) as a example by the classical soft rod model of Johancsik.
Johancsik1983 establishes drag and torque mechanics analysis model first, chooses one micro-section and (typically selects 100ft
Or 30m section) drag and torque mechanical model as follows:
Δ T=μ N r
In formula: FdFor the axial tension of drill string unit lower end, N；T is drill string torque, N m；N is drill string side force, N；Wq
For drill string weight in drilling fluid, N；μ is the coefficient of friction of drill string and the borehole wall；R is drill string unit outer surface radius, m；Δ
α,For average hole angle, hole angle increment, azimuth increment, rad；Model takes during symbol trip-out before μ "+", take during lower brill
“-”。
Calculate theoretical hook load process as follows: given coefficient of friction resistance μ, start from drill bit lower surface to calculate, initialize and bore
The pulling force in the face, bottom of post is zero.It is as the criterion with drill bit lower surface, chooses first micro-section from drill bit other direction, according to frictional resistance system
Number μ and drill string state, by above-mentioned drag and torque mechanics model, calculate pulling force and the moment of torsion of first micro-section of upper surface；
On the basis of first micro-section, with the lower surface that the upper surface of first micro-section is second micro-section, the direction along first is selected on tubing string
Take micro-section of second segment, be mutual principle according to the effect of power, the lower surface axial tension of micro-section of second segment and moment of torsion with
Upper surface pulling force and the moment of torsion of micro-section of the preceding paragraph are equal, in like manner use mechanics model can calculate on second micro-section
The axial tension of end face and moment of torsion.Select successively and calculate third and fourth ... the axial tension of section tubing string and moment of torsion, when calculating to well
Axial tension during mouth position is theoretical hook load.
In this step, to formula f (u)=FhkL-FHKLU () uses two way classification iterative u value when f (u)=0, this u
Value is actual coefficient of friction resistance uActual；Step can be such that
A. Initialize installation u1=0, u2=2, coefficient of friction resistance uActualBelonging to interval [u1, u2], now f (u1) is not for rub
Preferable hook load under Zu, can be used for described boring in state recognition, corrects drill string and makes a trip operating mode job state identification
Result.There are relation f (u1) * f (u2) < 0, otherwise data exception under normal circumstances；
B. u is taken up an official post at interval [u1, u2] and take intermediate value u=(u1+u2)/2, substitute into drag and torque mechanics model and obtain
f(u)；
If c. | f (u) | < q (q be set smaller value, such as value 2N) or | u1-u2 | < p (p be set smaller value, as
Value 0.00001), then u is the coefficient of friction resistance tried to achieve, and terminates calculating；
| f (u) | > q and | u1-u2 | if d. > p, then perform e step；
If e. f (u) meets relation f (u1) * f (u) < 0, then meet the solution of f (u)=0 on [u1, u] interval, by u assignment
To u2, and repeat b step；If f (u) meets relation f (u1) * f (u) > 0, then the solution meeting f (u)=0 is interval at [u, u2]
On, u is assigned to u1, and repeats b step.
S105: the actual coefficient of friction resistance of described data sample and described data sample is carried out correlation analysis to be bored
Well parameter meets the parameter of preset requirement.
To the logging parameters in drilling parameter in the data sample higher with current research state dependency and described data
The actual coefficient of friction resistance of sample carries out correlation analysis and obtains correlation coefficient, obtains in described data sample according to correlation coefficient
Logging parameters meets the parameter of pre-conditioned；To the logging parameters in described data sample does not meets pre-conditioned one
Parameter carries out non-linear dependencies analysis and obtains meeting the parameter of pre-conditioned two.
Main employing linear dependence analysis and nonlinear analysis in the application.Linear correlative analysis Main Analysis data sample
The pressure of the drill in logging parameters, moment of torsion, pump pressure, rotating speed, discharge capacity, drilling fluid density, drilling fluid performance parameters and this data sample in Ben
Dependency between this actual coefficient of friction resistance.For example, it is possible to the data sample setting logging parameters is generally Xij, i represents i-th time
Boring, j represents jth data sample, (X1, X2..., Xm), wherein m is sample size, certain ginseng in logging parameters in data sample
The observed quantity of number is Pm=(p1, p2... pm), the actual coefficient of friction resistance observed value that data sample is corresponding is Um=(u1, u2...
um), calculating mathematic expectaion and the standard variance of certain parameter in the actual coefficient of friction resistance and logging parameters, computing formula is respectively as follows:
Wherein, E (Um) represent the actual coefficient of friction resistance mathematic expectaion, D (Um) represent the actual coefficient of friction resistance mathematic expectaion, E
(Pm) represent the mathematic expectaion of certain parameter, D (P in logging parametersm) represent the standard variance of certain parameter in logging parameters.
Calculate actual coefficient of friction resistance U againmWith parameter P in logging parametersmCorrelation coefficient, its computing formula is as follows:
Wherein, E (PmUm) represent that the actual coefficient of friction resistance is multiplied by the mathematic expectaion of certain parameter in logging parameters, ρ (Um, Pm)
Represent actual coefficient of friction resistance UmWith certain parameter P in logging parametersmCorrelation coefficient, E (Um) represent the actual coefficient of friction resistance mathematics
Expect, D (Um) represent the actual coefficient of friction resistance mathematic expectaion, E (Pm) represent the mathematic expectaion of certain parameter, D in logging parameters
(Pm) represent the standard variance of certain parameter in logging parameters.
Pre-conditioned one could be arranged to | ρ (Um, Pm)|≥0.5.Meet and pre-conditioned think the actual coefficient of friction resistance first
Change is preferable with the degree of correlation of this parameter in logging parameters, should pay attention to the adjustment of this parameter.Successively in logging parameters
Carry out relevant between the pressure of the drill, moment of torsion, pump pressure, rotating speed, discharge capacity, drilling fluid density, drilling fluid performance parameters to the actual coefficient of friction resistance
Property calculate, find out satisfied | ρ (Um, Pm) | other parameter in >=0.5 logging parameters；For | ρ (Um, Pm) | < the well logging ginseng of 0.5
Parameter in number carries out non-linear dependencies analysis the most again.
When carrying out nonlinear correlation and analyzing, need the actual coefficient of friction resistance analyzed (by UmY in substitution tables 1, changes
For parameter zm) and drilling parameter (by PmX in substitution tables 1, is changed into wm) carry out conversion process, in concrete conversion regime such as table 1
Shown in.Use method of least square can calculate zmAnd wmBetween equation of linear regression z=a+bw, method of least square is conventional showing
There is method, repeat no more here.According to equation of linear regression, different P can be calculatedmUnder corresponding recurrence Um', according to
UmAnd Um' calculating nonlinear correlation index R and surplus standard deviation S, its specific formula for calculation is as follows:
Wherein, UiRepresent the actual coefficient of friction resistance,Represent the regressand value of dependent variable；Represent the mathematic expectaion of dependent variable.
Table 1 common nonlinearity sample linearisation conversion method
Non-linear regression methods different in table 1 is used to calculate drilling parameter P successivelymWith actual coefficient of friction resistance UmBetween
R2, obtain the R of maximum2Time Nonlinear regression equation.Pre-conditioned two are set to R2> 0.3, if R2Meet pre-conditioned two,
Then think in data sample this parameter Pm and actual coefficient of friction resistance U in logging parametersmDependency is relatively big, according to nonlinear regression side
The Changing Pattern of journey adjusts this parameter Pm in logging parameters, and then reduces UmValue.
S106: the parameter meeting preset requirement in drilling parameter is adjusted according to preset rules.
Which parameter P in the logging parameters in drilling parameter can be obtained according to above-mentioned stepsmWith UmDegree of correlation is preferable.
If dependency is linear correlation, according to ρ (Um, Pm) sign, available variable UmWith PmBetween change pass forward or backwards
System, thus obtain which parameter in logging parameters and should be decreased or increased accordingly to adjust control optimization.The amount adjusted can be according to
Parameter Pm2% to 20% size of value adjusts, and then observes actual well drilled situation, according to the change feelings of actual coefficient of friction resistance feedback
Condition, can continue to use above-mentioned steps and then Sustainable Control to optimize the logging parameters in drilling parameter, it is ensured that the frictional resistance of drilling well begins
It is in relatively low state eventually.If dependency is nonlinear correlation, then according to correlation function expression formula, parameter P is increased or decreasedmValue
2% to 20% after according to UmThe situation that the reduction amount of value is maximum, selects that the 2% to 20% of parameter Pm value is increased or decreased and carries out
The optimization of drilling parameter.If there is not the preferable logging parameters of degree of correlation, then postpone regular hour T, as after 1min again
Starting above-mentioned steps, the optimization direction of drilling parameter during to find in time that the actual coefficient of friction resistance minimizes, T here can be by
Field operation personnel arranged automatically, but no more than 20min.
Controlling optimization method in the application can be according to real-time drilling parameter, real-time computational representation down-hole energy transmission effect
, which drilling parameter there is bigger dependency by calculating with in the actual coefficient of friction resistance of parameter of rate, and according to dependency amount
Variation characteristic, optimizes the actual coefficient of friction resistance, and then realizes optimal actual coefficient of friction resistance control target, thus improve real-time drilling
Efficiency.
The control that also proposed a kind of horizontal well drilling frictional resistance in the application optimizes device, and Fig. 2 is in the embodiment of the present invention
The structural representation controlling optimization device of described horizontal well drilling frictional resistance, as in figure 2 it is shown, the control of described horizontal well drilling frictional resistance
System optimizes device and includes:
Sampling module, for obtaining multi-group data sample according to selection in the drilling parameter in drillng operation；
State recognition module, for identifying each drill string job state corresponding to described data sample；
Computing module, for making based on the drill string corresponding to described drilling parameter, described data sample, described data sample
Industry state obtains the actual coefficient of friction resistance of described data sample；
Correlating module, for being correlated with to the actual coefficient of friction resistance of described data sample and described data sample
Property analysis is to obtain meeting in drilling parameter the parameter of preset requirement；
Adjusting module, for being adjusted according to preset rules the parameter meeting preset requirement in drilling parameter.
In the nineties in 20th century, can clearly distinguish for the improvement of a technology be the improvement on hardware (such as,
Improvement to circuit structures such as diode, transistor, switches) or software on improvement (for the improvement of method flow).So
And, along with the development of technology, the improvement of current a lot of method flows can be considered as directly improving of hardware circuit.
Designer nearly all obtains corresponding hardware circuit by being programmed in hardware circuit by the method flow of improvement.Cause
This, it cannot be said that the improvement of a method flow cannot realize by hardware entities module.Such as, PLD
(Programmable Logic Device, PLD) (such as field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate
Array, FPGA)) it is exactly such a integrated circuit, device programming is determined by its logic function by user.By designer
Programming comes a digital display circuit " integrated " on a piece of PLD voluntarily, without chip maker please designing and make
Special IC chip.And, nowadays, replacing and manually make IC chip, this programming is the most mostly used instead and " is patrolled
Volume compiler (logic compiler) " software realizes, and software compiler used when it is write with program development is similar,
And the most handy specific programming language of source code before compiling is write, this is referred to as hardware description language
(Hardware Description Language, HDL), and HDL the most not only has one, but have many kinds, such as ABEL
(Advanced Boolean Expression Language)、AHDL(Altera Hardware Description
Language)、Confluence、CUPL(Cornell University Programming Language)、HDCal、JHDL
(Java Hardware Description Language)、Lava、Lola、MyHDL、PALASM、RHDL(Ruby
Hardware Description Language) etc., that commonly use most is VHDL (Very-High-Speed
Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language) and Verilog.Those skilled in the art also should
This understands, it is only necessary to above-mentioned several hardware description languages, method flow is slightly made programming in logic and is programmed in integrated circuit,
Just can be readily available the hardware circuit realizing this logical method flow process.
Controller can be implemented in any suitable manner, and such as, controller can take such as microprocessor or process
The computer of the computer readable program code (such as software or firmware) that device and storage can be performed by this (micro-) processor can
Read medium, gate, switch, special IC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit,
ASIC), programmable logic controller (PLC) and the form of embedding microcontroller, the example of controller includes but not limited to following microcontroller
Device: ARC 625D, Atmel AT91SAM, Microchip PIC18F26K20 and Silicone Labs C8051F320, deposit
Memory controller is also implemented as a part for the control logic of memorizer.
It is also known in the art that in addition to realizing controller in pure computer readable program code mode, complete
Full controller can be made with gate, switch, special IC, able to programme by method step carries out programming in logic
The form of logic controller and embedding microcontroller etc. realizes identical function.The most this controller is considered one
Hardware component, and the structure in hardware component can also be considered as to include in it for the device realizing various function.Or
Even, can be considered as not only can being the software module of implementation method but also can be Hardware Subdivision by the device being used for realizing various function
Structure in part.
System, device, module or the unit that above-described embodiment illustrates, specifically can be realized by computer chip or entity,
Or realized by the product with certain function.
For convenience of description, it is divided into various unit to be respectively described with function when describing apparatus above.Certainly, this is being implemented
The function of each unit can be realized in same or multiple softwares and/or hardware during application.
As seen through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art it can be understood that to the application can
The mode adding required general hardware platform by software realizes.Based on such understanding, the technical scheme essence of the application
On the part that in other words prior art contributed can embody with the form of software product, a typical configuration
In, calculating equipment includes one or more processor (CPU), input/output interface, network interface and internal memory.This computer is soft
Part product can include that some instructions are with so that a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server, or network
Equipment etc.) perform each embodiment of the application or the method described in some part of embodiment.This computer software product can
To be stored in internal memory, internal memory potentially includes the volatile memory in computer-readable medium, random access memory
(RAM) and/or the form such as Nonvolatile memory, such as read only memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM).Internal memory is computer
The example of computer-readable recording medium.Computer-readable medium includes that permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media can be by
Any method or technology realize information storage.Information can be computer-readable instruction, data structure, the module of program or its
His data.The example of the storage medium of computer includes, but are not limited to phase transition internal memory (PRAM), static RAM
(SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other kinds of random access memory (RAM), read only memory
(ROM), Electrically Erasable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), fast flash memory bank or other memory techniques, read-only optical disc are read-only
Memorizer (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassette tape, tape magnetic rigid disk storage or
Other magnetic storage apparatus or any other non-transmission medium, can be used for the information that storage can be accessed by a computing device.According to
Defining herein, computer-readable medium does not include of short duration computer readable media (transitory media), such as modulation
Data signal and carrier wave.
Each embodiment in this specification all uses the mode gone forward one by one to describe, identical similar portion between each embodiment
Dividing and see mutually, what each embodiment stressed is the difference with other embodiments.Real especially for system
For executing example, owing to it is substantially similar to embodiment of the method, so describe is fairly simple, relevant part sees embodiment of the method
Part illustrate.
The application can be used in numerous general or special purpose computing system environments or configuration.Such as: personal computer, clothes
Business device computer, handheld device or portable set, laptop device, multicomputer system, system based on microprocessor, put
Top box, programmable consumer-elcetronics devices, network PC, minicomputer, mainframe computer, include any of the above system or equipment
Distributed computing environment etc..
The application can be described in the general context of computer executable instructions, such as program
Module.Usually, program module includes performing particular task or realizing the routine of particular abstract data type, program, object, group
Part, data structure etc..The application can also be put into practice in a distributed computing environment, in these distributed computing environment, by
The remote processing devices connected by communication network performs task.In a distributed computing environment, program module is permissible
It is positioned in the local and remote computer-readable storage medium of storage device.
Although depicting the application by embodiment, it will be appreciated by the skilled addressee that the application have many deformation and
Change is without deviating from spirit herein, it is desirable to appended claim includes that these deformation and change are without deviating from the application's
Spirit.
Claims (11)
1. the control optimization method of a horizontal well drilling frictional resistance, it is characterised in that the control of described horizontal well drilling frictional resistance is excellent
Change method comprises the following steps:
Obtain drilling parameter；
Select to obtain multi-group data sample according to the drilling parameter in drillng operation；
Identify each drill string job state corresponding to described data sample；
Described number is obtained based on the drill string job state corresponding to described drilling parameter, described data sample, described data sample
The actual coefficient of friction resistance according to sample；
The actual coefficient of friction resistance of described data sample and described data sample is carried out correlation analysis to obtain in drilling parameter
Meet the parameter of preset requirement；
The parameter meeting preset requirement in drilling parameter is adjusted according to preset rules.
Control optimization method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described drilling parameter includes logging parameters, brill
Rod structure parameter, drilling fluid performance parameters, well track parameter and wellbore parameters.
Control optimization method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described logging parameters include bit size, time
Between, well depth, bit location, brill time, hook load, rotating speed, moment of torsion, vertical pressure, casing pressure, pump punching, the discharge capacity of import and export and the brill of import and export
The liquid-tight degree of well.
Control optimization method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described drill column structure parameter includes drilling tool class
Type, external diameter, internal diameter, length and line weight.
Control optimization method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described drilling fluid performance parameters includes that plasticity is glued
Degree, yield value, lubricating coefficient, described well track parameter includes the deepest, hole deviation and orientation, and described wellbore parameters includes pit shaft class
Type, lower deep, internal diameter and the preset coefficient of friction resistance.
Control optimization method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that join according to the drilling well in drillng operation described
During in number, selection obtains the step of multi-group data sample, specifically, obtain in difference according in the drilling parameter in drillng operation
Time the data sample inscribed, and then obtain multi-group data sample.
Control optimization method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in each described data sample institute of described identification
In the step of corresponding drill string job state, particularly as follows:
With bit location is the most identical, this data sample is divided into a class according to well depth in the logging data in described data sample
State, i.e. orientation or rotary drilling state or b class state, the state that i.e. makes a trip or reaming state；If the same by these data
Sample area is divided into a class state, if differed, divides into b class state；
According to the data sample medium speed in a class state and torque, a class state is divided into c state, i.e. rotary drilling state
Or d class state, i.e. directional drilling state；If data sample meets rotating speed is more than 1kN m more than 10r/m and moment of torsion, then simultaneously
The drill string state of this data sample is c class state, and otherwise the drill string state of this data sample is d class state；
According to displacement size in the data sample in b class state, b class state is divided into e class state, i.e. reaming operation state or f class
State, i.e. round trip state；If the discharge capacity of this data sample is more than 5L/s, then the drill string state of this data sample is e class
State, otherwise the drill string state of this data sample is f class state；
According to the data sample medium speed in e class state and torque, e class state is divided into g class state, i.e. rotates reaming shape
State or h class state, the most non-rotating reaming state；If this data sample meets rotating speed simultaneously > 10r/m, moment of torsion more than 1kNm, then
The drill string state of this data sample is g class state, otherwise it is assumed that drill string state is h class state；
Whether more than preferable hook load, f class state is divided into i class according to actual hook load in the data sample in f class state
State, i.e. trip-out state or j class state, bore state down；If actual hook load carries more than preferable hook in this data sample
Lotus, then the drill string state of this data sample is i class state, otherwise it is assumed that drill string state is j class state；
Whether more than preferable hook load, h class state is divided into k class according to actual hook load in the data sample in h class state
State, i.e. on put forward reaming state or l class state, i.e. transfer reaming state；If actual hook load is more than reason in this data sample
Think hook load, then the drill string state of this data sample is k class state, otherwise it is assumed that drill string state is l class state.
Control optimization method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described based on described drilling parameter, described
Drill string job state corresponding to data sample, described data sample obtains the step of the actual coefficient of friction resistance of described data sample
In, defined function f (u) is the difference of actual hook load and theoretical hook load, and formula is as follows:
F (u)=FhkL-FHKL(u)
Above-mentioned formula uses two way classification iterative u value when f (u)=0, and this u value is actual coefficient of friction resistance uActual；
Wherein, FHKLRepresenting actual hook load, its unit is kN；FHKLU () represents that the coefficient of friction resistance is that calculating hook during u carries
Lotus, its unit is kN.
Control optimization method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described to described data sample with described number
Correlation analysis is carried out to obtain drilling parameter meets in the step of the parameter of preset requirement according to the actual coefficient of friction resistance of sample,
Obtain particularly as follows: the actual coefficient of friction resistance of the logging parameters in described data sample with described data sample is carried out correlation analysis
To correlation coefficient；Obtain the logging parameters in described data sample meets the ginseng of pre-conditioned according to described correlation coefficient
Number；The parameter not meeting pre-conditioned one in logging parameters in described data sample is carried out non-linear dependencies analysis obtain
Meet the parameter of pre-conditioned two.
Control optimization method the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described to drilling parameter in meet default
In the step that the parameter required is adjusted according to preset rules, specifically, to the ginseng meeting pre-conditioned in drilling parameter
Number and meet the parameter of pre-conditioned two and be adjusted according to preset rules.
The control of 11. 1 kinds of horizontal well drilling frictional resistances optimizes device, it is characterised in that the control of described horizontal well drilling frictional resistance is excellent
Gasifying device includes:
Sampling module, for obtaining multi-group data sample according to selection in the drilling parameter in drillng operation；
State recognition module, for identifying each drill string job state corresponding to described data sample；
Computing module, for based on the drill string operation shape corresponding to described drilling parameter, described data sample, described data sample
State obtains the actual coefficient of friction resistance of described data sample；
Correlating module, divides for the actual coefficient of friction resistance of described data sample and described data sample is carried out dependency
Analysis is to obtain meeting in drilling parameter the parameter of preset requirement；
Adjusting module, for being adjusted according to preset rules the parameter meeting preset requirement in drilling parameter.
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| CN108804808A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2018-11-13 | 西南石油大学 | Labyrinth well performance drag and torque computational methods based on similar topology degree |
| CN109025801A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-12-18 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | A kind of determination method of slide drilling drill string swing range |
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| CN108678725A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-10-19 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Underground frictional resistance and torque Real Time Monitoring method |
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| CN108804808A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2018-11-13 | 西南石油大学 | Labyrinth well performance drag and torque computational methods based on similar topology degree |
| CN108804808B (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2021-02-09 | 西南石油大学 | Complex structure well dynamic friction resistance torque calculation method based on similarity theory |
| CN109779607A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-21 | 长江大学 | A kind of Frictional Drag of Casing Running coefficient based on hole diameter degree of irregularity determines method and system |
| CN111734396A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-10-02 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Friction resistance determining method, device and equipment |
| CN113392483A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-09-14 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Method and device for determining friction coefficient of shaft and method and device for determining friction resistance of shaft |
| CN113392483B (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-10-19 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Method and device for determining friction coefficient of shaft and method and device for determining friction resistance of shaft |
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