CN106283390A - A kind of anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106283390A CN106283390A CN201610990370.3A CN201610990370A CN106283390A CN 106283390 A CN106283390 A CN 106283390A CN 201610990370 A CN201610990370 A CN 201610990370A CN 106283390 A CN106283390 A CN 106283390A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0015—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material
- D01D5/003—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material the material being a polymer solution or dispersion
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
- D01D5/0092—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the electrical field, e.g. combined with a magnetic fields, using biased or alternating fields
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4374—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece using different kinds of webs, e.g. by layering webs
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/77—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/79—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof with silicon dioxide, silicic acids or their salts
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/22—Polymers or copolymers of halogenated mono-olefins
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/32—Polyesters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to ice-covering-proof technical field, particularly to a kind of anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina and preparation method thereof.The upper strata of described anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina be sprayed with the super-hydrophobic spinning film of silica dioxide coating, lower floor is the hydrophilic spinning film being marked with anti-freeze fluid.Described anti-freeze fluid is propylene glycol (PG), ethylene glycol (EG) or glycerol (GL).The preparation method of described anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina is: prepares super-hydrophobic electrostatic spinning precursor liquid and hydrophilic electrostatic spinning precursor liquid respectively, carries out electrostatic spinning, obtains super-hydrophobic spinning film and hydrophilic spinning film；Silicon dioxde solution is sprayed on super-hydrophobic spinning film, anti-freeze fluid is added drop-wise to hydrophilic spinning film surface；By pressing, the super-hydrophobic spinning film on upper strata is fitted on the hydrophilic spinning film being marked with anti-freeze fluid, obtain anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ice-covering-proof technical field, particularly to a kind of anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Traditional anti-icing surface selects super hydrophobic material to be prepared from mostly, has relatively low surface energy, energy mainly due to it
Enough make water droplet bounces off the surface after impact surfaces, be possible not only to the adhesion reducing water with surface, also can reduce ice and surface
Viscous, thus reach the effect that anti-stagnant ice is formed on surface.Traditional super hydrophobic surface many employings micro nano structure increases thick
Rugosity, utilizes low-surface energy substance to drop low-surface-energy, but super hydrophobic surface is in durability and anti-icing effect under the high temperature conditions
Fruit performance is the most unsatisfactory, main reason is that its micro nano structure is easily destroyed in icing deicing circulates, or knot
Ice crystal is generated so that it is lose super-hydrophobicity between structure.Anti-icing fluid is used for solving the ice formation issues on aircraft surfaces, yet with
It is that the principle utilizing and reducing freezing point is applied directly to aircraft surfaces, thus mostly is disposable utilization, adds anti-icing cost, greatly
Limit greatly the extensive application in life of this technology.
Summary of the invention
For problems of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina, institute
State the upper strata of anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina be super-hydrophobic spinning film, lower floor be the hydrophilic spinning film being marked with anti-freeze fluid.
Silica dioxide coating also it is sprayed with on described super-hydrophobic spinning film；The described hydrophilic spinning film of anti-freeze fluid that is marked with is with nonwoven
Cloth is substrate.
The super hydrophobic material that described super-hydrophobic spinning film uses is polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or Kynoar
(PVDF) water wetted material that, described hydrophilic spinning film uses is polyethylene terephthalate-chitosan (PET/CHI), poly-second
Enol (PVA) or Polyethylene Glycol (PEG).In PETP-chitosan, PETP (PET) and shell
The mass ratio of polysaccharide (CHI) is 7:3.
Described anti-freeze fluid is propylene glycol (PG), ethylene glycol (EG) or glycerol (GL).
The two of the purpose of the present invention are to provide the preparation method of a kind of described anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina, comprise the following steps:
(1) by super hydrophobic material after vacuum drying, joining in the first solvent, heating magnetic agitation is until the most molten
Solve, obtain super-hydrophobic electrostatic spinning precursor liquid, precursor liquid is stood, until bubble therein is wholly absent；By water wetted material
After vacuum drying, joining in the second solvent, heating magnetic agitation is until being completely dissolved, before obtaining hydrophilic electrostatic spinning
Drive liquid, precursor liquid is stood, until bubble therein is wholly absent；
(2) use aluminium foil as receiving plate, the super-hydrophobic electrostatic spinning precursor liquid in step (1) is carried out Static Spinning
Silk, obtains super-hydrophobic spinning film；Non-woven fabrics is placed on the aluminium sheet of ground connection as receiving surface, by the hydrophilic in step (1)
Electrostatic spinning precursor liquid carries out electrostatic spinning, obtains the hydrophilic spinning film with non-woven fabrics as substrate；
(3) silicon dioxde solution is sprayed into equably on super-hydrophobic spinning film prepared by step (2), and in vacuum drying
Case is dried, obtains being sprayed with the super-hydrophobic spinning film of silica dioxide coating；
(4) draw anti-freeze fluid, be added dropwise to the hydrophilic spinning film surface with non-woven fabrics as substrate prepared by step (2),
And unnecessary anti-freeze fluid is removed by inclined surface, spin coating or stream of nitrogen gas method, obtain being marked with the hydrophilic spinning of anti-freeze fluid
Film；
(5) the super-hydrophobic spinning film being sprayed with silica dioxide coating step (3) obtained slowly is taken off from aluminium foil, and covers
Cover on the hydrophilic spinning film being marked with anti-freeze fluid, due to the existence of anti-freeze fluid, by pressing, the super-hydrophobic spinning film on upper strata is pasted
Together on the hydrophilic spinning film being marked with anti-freeze fluid, obtain described anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina.
In step (1), described first solvent is the dichloromethane mixed liquor or two with trifluoroacetic acid formation of volume ratio 1:4
Methylformamide；Described second solvent is deionized water or trifluoroacetic acid.Described super hydrophobic material and the mass ratio of the first solvent
For 1:5～1:9, the mass ratio of described water wetted material and the second solvent is 1:5～1:9.
In step (1), being the vacuum drying condition of super hydrophobic material, water wetted material: temperature is 60 DEG C, the time is
2h；Stirring condition is: temperature is 20～40 DEG C, and the time is more than 12h.It is emphasized that when the second solvent is deionization
During water, it is not necessary to water wetted material is first vacuum dried.
In step (2), hydrophilic electrostatic spinning precursor liquid and super-hydrophobic electrostatic spinning precursor liquid are carried out electrostatic spinning
Technological parameter be: electrospinning syringe needle internal diameter is 1.2mm, and the flow-control of electrostatic spinning precursor liquid is 0.5-1ml/h, Static Spinning
The voltage that precursor liquid is applied by silk equipment is 15～20kv, and syringe needle is 10～20cm to the receiving range of reception plate, the spinning time
It is 5～10min.
In step (3), the preparation method of silicon dioxde solution is: weigh the silicon dioxide that 0.15g average diameter is 40nm
Granule, is dispersed in the DMF solvent of 5ml, magnetic agitation 30min, obtains silica dispersions；Weigh 0.12g more straight
Footpath is the silica dioxide granule of 20nm, adds in above-mentioned silica dispersions by it with 5ml DMF, continues magnetic agitation
30min, obtains silicon dioxde solution.
It is an advantage of the current invention that:
1, the present invention can lay in anti-freeze fluid according to hydrophilic layer, the low principle sticked of hydrophobic layer, by utilizing dredging of spinning film
Pine loose structure, in conjunction with spraying technology, is prepared for combining the double-layer fabric cortina of super hydrophobic surface and anti-freeze fluid.Can not only be at low temperature
Keep super-hydrophobicity under low-humidity environment, and the frost formation on surface can be postponed under low temperature and high humidity.
2, anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina prepared by the present invention is owing to containing anti-freeze fluid in lower floor, the fine droplet that can will condense
It is drawn to lower floor by wellability gradient force, thus keeps upper surface to be dried, efficiently solve super hydrophobic surface in high humility
Under the conditions of super-hydrophobicity lose, and the problem easily forming ice crystal between micro nano structure.
3, anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina prepared by the present invention is simply by simple electrostatic spinning, and upper strata can with surface with
Meaning laminating, can directly change after long term test loses efficacy, and had been also convenient for irrigating supplementing and changing of anti-freeze fluid in a lower layer.
4, the substrate in the present invention uses the most common commercialization non-woven fabrics, has folded excellent of light flexible complications
Point.
5, manufacturing cycle of the present invention is short, and method is simple to operation, and the cost of raw material is low, easy to use, can large area produce
Application.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is model schematic and the performance displaying figure of the anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina of the embodiment of the present invention 1 preparation；Wherein,
Fig. 1 a is the commercial non-woven fabrics schematic diagram chosen in the present invention, and Fig. 1 b is the double-layer fabric cortina illustraton of model of the present invention, and Fig. 1 c is nothing
Spinning the schematic diagram of cloth substrate and PET/CHI spinning fibre film, Fig. 1 d is the contact angle of the double-layer fabric cortina surface water of the present invention
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the SEM figure of anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina；Wherein, Fig. 2 a is the SEM figure on anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina upper strata；Fig. 2 b
SEM figure for anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina lower floor.
Fig. 3 is that the part non-woven fabrics with PG-PET-PET/CHI double-layer fabric cortina is in temperature-5 DEG C, humidity 50% condition
Under frosting situation schematic diagram；Wherein, Fig. 3 a-3d be followed successively by under the conditions of temperature-5 DEG C, humidity 50% 0min, 15min,
Frosting situation schematic diagram when 25min, 50min, Fig. 3 e is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 3 d.
Detailed description of the invention
With embodiment, the present invention is described in further details below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1:The preparation of PG-PET-PET/CHI anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina, concretely comprises the following steps:
(1) weigh 1g PET granule, be put in the conical flask being vacuum dried after being vacuum dried 2h at 60 DEG C, add
1ml dichloromethane and 4ml trifluoroacetic acid, use magnetic agitation 8h to PET all to dissolve, obtain PET electrostatic spinning precursor liquid, will
Precursor liquid stands, until bubble therein is wholly absent；Weigh 0.7g PET granule and 0.3g CHI powder, vacuum at 60 DEG C
It is put in the conical flask being vacuum dried after being dried 2h, adds 5ml trifluoroacetic acid, use magnetic agitation 12h the most molten to solute
Solve, obtain PET/CHI electrostatic spinning precursor liquid, precursor liquid is stood, until bubble therein is wholly absent.
(2) use aluminium foil as receiving plate, the PET electrostatic spinning precursor liquid in step (1) is carried out electrostatic spinning, obtains
Super-hydrophobic spinning film；Non-woven fabrics is placed on the aluminium sheet of ground connection as receiving surface, by the PET/CHI Static Spinning in step (1)
Silk precursor liquid loads in syringe, and is connected with syringe pump by syringe, carries out electrostatic spinning, obtains with non-woven fabrics as substrate
Hydrophilic spinning film；
Technological parameter prepared by described electrostatic spinning is: electrospinning syringe needle internal diameter is 1.2mm, the stream of electrostatic spinning precursor liquid
Amount control be 0.5～1ml/h, the voltage that precursor liquid is applied by electrospinning device is 18kv, syringe needle to reception plate reception away from
From for 15cm, the spinning time is 10min.
(3) weighing the silica dioxide granule that 0.15g average diameter is 40nm, be dispersed in the DMF solvent of 5ml, magnetic force stirs
Mix 30min, obtain silica dispersions；Weigh the silica dioxide granule that 0.12g average diameter is 20nm again, by itself and 5ml
DMF adds in above-mentioned silica dispersions, continues magnetic agitation 30min, obtains silicon dioxde solution；
The method using spray gun spraying, is sprayed into equably by silicon dioxde solution that PET prepared by step (2) is super-hydrophobic to be spun
On cortina, and in vacuum drying oven, at 65 DEG C, it is dried 10min, obtains being sprayed with the super-hydrophobic spinning film of silica dioxide coating.
(4) drawing 10ml propylene glycol with suction pipe, hydrophilic with non-woven fabrics as substrate being added dropwise to prepared by step (2) spins
Cortina surface, and unnecessary anti-freeze fluid is removed by inclined surface, spin coating or stream of nitrogen gas method, obtain being marked with anti-freeze fluid
Lower floor PET/CHI hydrophilic spinning film.
(5) PET being sprayed with silica dioxide coating super-hydrophobic spinning film step (3) obtained uses tweezers from four from aluminium foil
Week slowly takes off, and covers on the PET/CHI being marked with anti-freeze fluid hydrophilic spinning film, due to the existence of anti-freeze fluid, by pressing
Super-hydrophobic for the PET on upper strata spinning film is fitted on the PET/CHI hydrophilic spinning film being marked with anti-freeze fluid, obtain described anti-icing pair
Layer spinning film.
Fig. 1 a is the commercial non-woven fabrics chosen in the present invention, and it has the spies such as light weight, flexible folding, flexible, porous be ventilative
Levy, receive plate with non-woven fabrics for spinning negative electrode, can be by above hydrophilic spinning layer Direct Spinning to non-woven fabrics.Due to spinning fibre with
There is Van der Waals force and electrostatic attraction between non-woven fabrics, can closely be attached together between spinning layer and non-woven fabrics, as
Shown in Fig. 1 c, left side is the direct PET/CHI spinning fibre film of spinning on non-woven fabrics by electrostatic spinning, and right side is not
Through at the bottom of the nonwoven fabric base of spinning.Fig. 1 b show the double-layer fabric cortina illustraton of model of the present invention, described anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina
Upper strata be super-hydrophobic spinning film, lower floor be the hydrophilic spinning film of the anti-freeze fluid of being marked with non-woven fabrics as substrate, under cryogenic
Can keep good ultra-hydrophobicity, as shown in Figure 1 d, sample is when surface temperature is-5 DEG C, and the contact angle of water still can reach
To 153.2 °.
Use environmental scanning electronic microscope that the anti-icing duplicature of PG-PET-PET/CHI of preparation is carried out microscopic appearance observation respectively,
As in figure 2 it is shown, Fig. 2 a is upper strata PET super-hydrophobic spinning film, Fig. 2 b is the PET/CHI hydrophilic spinning film of lower floor, wherein PET with
PET/CHI spinning fibre average diameter is respectively at about 900nm and 800nm.
As it is shown on figure 3, part is placed in cold bench, by temperature with the non-woven fabrics of PG-PET-PET/CHI double-layer fabric cortina
Being adjusted to-5 DEG C, adjusting with humidifier and controlling sample surfaces ambient humidity, light and temperature is 50%, and record part is with PG-PET-PET/CHI
The Frost formation process of the non-woven fabrics of double-layer fabric cortina.By Fig. 3 a to Fig. 3 d it can be seen that under the conditions of temperature-5 DEG C, humidity 50%,
PG-PET-PET/CHI double-layer fabric cortina surface (region A) the most non-frosting in 0min, 15min, 25min, when 50min the most only
A small amount of frost is had to be formed；Exposed non-woven fabrics region (region B) then has substantial amounts of frost to be formed, especially when 50min.From Fig. 3 e institute
Show the right side of partial enlarged drawing it is apparent that exposed non-woven fabrics tool is compared on PG-PET-PET/CHI double-layer fabric cortina surface
There is good anti-icing effect.
Embodiment 2:The preparation of EG-PET-PVA double-layer fabric cortina, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) weigh 1g PET granule, be put in the conical flask being vacuum dried after being vacuum dried 2h at 60 DEG C, add
1ml dichloromethane and 4ml trifluoroacetic acid, use magnetic agitation 8h to PET all to dissolve, obtain PET electrostatic spinning precursor liquid, will
Precursor liquid stands, until bubble therein is wholly absent；Weigh 0.7g PVA powder, add 10ml deionized water, it is abundant
Swelling, then in 80 DEG C of water-baths, heated and stirred 3h is dissolved, and is cooled to room temperature, adds in the solution of abundant lysed PVA
The surfactant (SDBS) of 0.1wt%, then be stirred well to uniformly, obtain PVA electrostatic spinning precursor liquid, precursor liquid is quiet
Put, until bubble therein is wholly absent.
(2) use aluminium foil as receiving plate, the PET electrostatic spinning precursor liquid in step (1) is carried out electrostatic spinning, obtains
Super-hydrophobic spinning film；Non-woven fabrics is placed on the aluminium sheet of ground connection as receiving surface, before the PVA electrostatic spinning in step (1)
Driving liquid to load in syringe, and be connected with syringe pump by syringe, carry out electrostatic spinning, obtain with non-woven fabrics as substrate is hydrophilic
Spinning film；
Technological parameter prepared by described electrostatic spinning is: electrospinning syringe needle internal diameter is 1.2mm, the flow of electrostatic spinning precursor liquid
Control is 0.5～1ml/h, and the voltage that precursor liquid is applied by electrospinning device is 18kv, and syringe needle is to the receiving range receiving plate
For 20cm, the spinning time is respectively 10min, 5min.
(3) weighing the silica dioxide granule that 0.15g average diameter is 40nm, be dispersed in the DMF solvent of 5ml, magnetic force stirs
Mix 30min, obtain silica dispersions；Weigh the silica dioxide granule that 0.12g average diameter is 20nm again, by itself and 5ml
DMF adds in above-mentioned silica dispersions, continues magnetic agitation 30min, obtains silicon dioxde solution；
The method using spray gun spraying, is sprayed into equably by silicon dioxde solution that PET prepared by step (2) is super-hydrophobic to be spun
On cortina, and in vacuum drying oven, at 65 DEG C, it is dried 10min, obtains being sprayed with the super-hydrophobic spinning film of silica dioxide coating.
(4) the hydrophilic spinning film of the PVA with non-woven fabrics as substrate that step (2) prepares is placed in water and acetone quality ratio is 7:
In the mixed solvent of 3, soak 2h, with hydrochloric acid, the pH value of this mixed solution is adjusted to 2, and drips a certain amount of cross-linking agent penta 2
Aldehyde (GA) cross-links, and crosslinking soak time is 2h, is finally taken out from solvent by hydrophilic for PVA spinning film, naturally dries；
Draw 10ml ethylene glycol with suction pipe, be added dropwise to the surface of the hydrophilic spinning film after naturally drying, and will be many
Remaining anti-freeze fluid is removed by inclined surface, spin coating or stream of nitrogen gas method, obtains being marked with the hydrophilic spinning of lower floor PVA of anti-freeze fluid
Film.
(5) PET being sprayed with silica dioxide coating super-hydrophobic spinning film step (3) obtained uses tweezers from four from aluminium foil
Week slowly takes off, and covers on the PVA being marked with anti-freeze fluid hydrophilic spinning film, due to the existence of anti-freeze fluid, by pressing by upper
The PET super-hydrophobic spinning film of layer fits on the PVA hydrophilic spinning film being marked with anti-freeze fluid, obtains described anti-icing double-deck spinning
Film.
The described EG-PET-PVA double-layer fabric cortina not only light weight of preparation on non-woven fabrics is portable, can keep at low temperatures
Good super-hydrophobicity, is resistant to high humility simultaneously, postpones the formation of frost, the shape on surface can be applied as required directly to apply
In anti-icing.
Embodiment 3:The preparation of GL-PVDF-PEG double-layer fabric cortina, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) weigh 15g PVDF powder, be put in the conical flask being vacuum dried after 60 DEG C of vacuum drying 2h, add
85g DMF, at 80 DEG C, heated and stirred 8h to PVDF all dissolves, and obtains PVDF electrostatic spinning precursor liquid, is stood by precursor liquid, directly
It is wholly absent to bubble therein；Weighing 10g PEG-2000 solid particle, be dissolved in distilled water forming mass concentration is 40%
Solution, employing 80 DEG C of heated and stirred of water-bath obtain PEG electrostatic spinning precursor liquid to forming homogeneous solution in 2 hours, and precursor liquid is quiet
Put, until bubble therein is wholly absent.
(2) use aluminium foil as receiving plate, the PVDF electrostatic spinning precursor liquid in step (1) is carried out electrostatic spinning,
To super-hydrophobic spinning film；Non-woven fabrics is placed on the aluminium sheet of ground connection as receiving surface, by the PEG electrostatic spinning in step (1)
Precursor liquid loads in syringe, and is connected with syringe pump by syringe, carries out electrostatic spinning, obtains the parent with non-woven fabrics as substrate
Water spinning film；
Technological parameter prepared by described electrostatic spinning is: electrospinning syringe needle internal diameter is 1.2mm, the flow of electrostatic spinning precursor liquid
Control is 0.5～1ml/h, and the voltage that precursor liquid is applied by electrospinning device is 15～20kv, and syringe needle is to the reception receiving plate
Distance is 15～20cm, and the spinning time is respectively 10min, 5min.
(3) weighing the silica dioxide granule that 0.15g average diameter is 40nm, be dispersed in the DMF solvent of 5ml, magnetic force stirs
Mix 30min, obtain silica dispersions；Weigh the silica dioxide granule that 0.12g average diameter is 20nm again, by itself and 5ml
DMF adds in above-mentioned silica dispersions, continues magnetic agitation 30min, obtains silicon dioxde solution；
The method using spray gun spraying, is sprayed into PVDF prepared by step (2) equably super-hydrophobic by silicon dioxde solution
On spinning film, and in vacuum drying oven, at 65 DEG C, it is dried 10min, obtains being sprayed with the super-hydrophobic spinning of silica dioxide coating
Film.
(4) drawing 10ml glycerol with suction pipe, hydrophilic with non-woven fabrics as substrate being added dropwise to prepared by step (2) spins
Cortina surface, and unnecessary anti-freeze fluid is removed by inclined surface, spin coating or stream of nitrogen gas method, obtain being marked with anti-freeze fluid
Lower floor PEG hydrophilic spinning film.
(5) PVDF being sprayed with silica dioxide coating super-hydrophobic spinning film step (3) obtained from aluminium foil with tweezers from
Surrounding is slowly taken off, and covers on the PEG being marked with anti-freeze fluid hydrophilic spinning film, due to the existence of anti-freeze fluid, and will by pressing
The PVDF super-hydrophobic spinning film on upper strata fits on the PEG hydrophilic spinning film being marked with anti-freeze fluid, obtains described anti-icing double-layer fabric
Cortina.
The described GL-PVDF-PEG double-layer fabric cortina not only light weight of preparation on non-woven fabrics is portable, can protect at low temperatures
Hold good super-hydrophobicity, be resistant to high humility simultaneously, postpone the formation of frost, the shape on surface can be applied as required directly should
For anti-icing.
Claims (10)
1. an anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina, it is characterised in that the upper strata of described anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina be super-hydrophobic spinning film, under
Layer is the hydrophilic spinning film being marked with anti-freeze fluid.
One the most according to claim 1 anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina, it is characterised in that also spray on described super-hydrophobic spinning film
There is silica dioxide coating.
3. according to the anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina of the one according to any one of claim 1-2, it is characterised in that described in be marked with anti-icing
The hydrophilic spinning film of liquid is with non-woven fabrics as substrate.
One the most according to claim 3 anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina, it is characterised in that described super-hydrophobic spinning film uses
Super hydrophobic material is polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or Kynoar (PVDF), the parent that described hydrophilic spinning film uses
Water material is polyethylene terephthalate-chitosan (PET/CHI), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or Polyethylene Glycol (PEG).
One the most according to claim 4 anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina, it is characterised in that described PETP-
In chitosan, PETP (PET) is 7:3 with the mass ratio of chitosan (CHI).
6. according to the one anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina according to any one of claim 1-2,4-5, it is characterised in that described anti-icing
Liquid is propylene glycol (PG), ethylene glycol (EG) or glycerol (GL).
7. the preparation method of an anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina, it is characterised in that including:
(1) by super hydrophobic material through vacuum drying after, join in the first solvent, heating magnetic agitation until being completely dissolved,
Obtain super-hydrophobic electrostatic spinning precursor liquid, super-hydrophobic electrostatic spinning precursor liquid is stood, until bubble therein disappears completely
Lose；By water wetted material after vacuum drying, joining in the second solvent, heating magnetic agitation, until being completely dissolved, obtains parent
Water type electrostatic spinning precursor liquid, stands precursor liquid, until bubble therein is wholly absent；
(2) use aluminium foil as receiving plate, the super-hydrophobic electrostatic spinning precursor liquid in step (1) is carried out electrostatic spinning,
To super-hydrophobic spinning film；Non-woven fabrics is placed on the aluminium sheet of ground connection as receiving surface, by the hydrophilic Static Spinning in step (1)
Silk precursor liquid carries out electrostatic spinning, obtains the hydrophilic spinning film with non-woven fabrics as substrate；
(3) silicon dioxde solution is sprayed into equably on super-hydrophobic spinning film prepared by step (2), and in vacuum drying oven
It is dried, obtains being sprayed with the super-hydrophobic spinning film of silica dioxide coating；
(4) draw anti-freeze fluid, be added dropwise to the hydrophilic spinning film surface with non-woven fabrics as substrate prepared by step (2), and will
Unnecessary anti-freeze fluid is removed by inclined surface, spin coating or stream of nitrogen gas method, obtains being marked with the hydrophilic spinning film of anti-freeze fluid；
(5) the super-hydrophobic spinning film being sprayed with silica dioxide coating step (3) obtained slowly is taken off from aluminium foil, and covers
It is marked with on the hydrophilic spinning film of anti-freeze fluid, by pressing the super-hydrophobic spinning film on upper strata is fitted in and be marked with the hydrophilic of anti-freeze fluid and spin
On cortina, obtain described anti-icing double-layer fabric cortina.
Preparation method the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that in step (1), described first solvent is volume ratio 1:
Mixed liquor that the dichloromethane of 4 and trifluoroacetic acid are formed or dimethylformamide；Described second solvent is deionized water or trifluoro
Acetic acid；The mass ratio of described super hydrophobic material and the first solvent is 1:5～1:9, described water wetted material and the quality of the second solvent
Ratio is 1:5～1:9.
Preparation method the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that in step (1), to super hydrophobic material, water wetted material
Vacuum drying condition be: temperature is 60 DEG C, and the time is 2h；Stirring condition is: temperature is 20～40 DEG C, and the time is 12h
Above.
Preparation method the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that in step (2), by hydrophilic electrostatic spinning forerunner
Liquid and super-hydrophobic electrostatic spinning precursor liquid carry out the technological parameter of electrostatic spinning and are: electrospinning syringe needle internal diameter is 1.2mm, electrostatic
The flow-control of spinning precursor liquid is 0.5-1ml/h, and the voltage that precursor liquid is applied by electrospinning device is 15～20kv, syringe needle
Receiving range to reception plate is 10～20cm, and the spinning time is 5～10min；
In step (3), the preparation method of described silicon dioxde solution is: weigh the silicon dioxide that 0.15g average diameter is 40nm
Granule, is dispersed in the DMF solvent of 5ml, magnetic agitation 30min, obtains silica dispersions；Weigh 0.12g more straight
Footpath is the silica dioxide granule of 20nm, adds in above-mentioned silica dispersions by it with 5ml DMF, continues magnetic agitation
30min, obtains silicon dioxde solution.
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