CN106283275B - A kind of functional high molecule material preparation method - Google Patents

A kind of functional high molecule material preparation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106283275B
CN106283275B CN201610671257.9A CN201610671257A CN106283275B CN 106283275 B CN106283275 B CN 106283275B CN 201610671257 A CN201610671257 A CN 201610671257A CN 106283275 B CN106283275 B CN 106283275B
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powder
functional
melt
high molecular
electric field
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CN106283275A (en
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巫莹柱
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Jiangmen city coifford nanometer Instrument Research Institute Co. Ltd.
Wuyi University
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Jiangmen City Coifford Nanometer Instrument Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F11/00—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
    • D01F11/04—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers
    • D01F11/08—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/002—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with surface shaping
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F11/00—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
    • D01F11/02—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of cellulose, cellulose derivatives, or proteins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F11/00—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
    • D01F11/04—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers
    • D01F11/06—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
    • C08J2327/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of functional high molecule material preparation methods, belong to fibrous material, field of plastics processing.Present invention aims at solve conventional polymer material by the way that low effect, high-cost deficiency with chemical grafting treated progress functionalization is blended, the present invention is by action of alternative electric field in functional mass particle, its physics is set to be embedded into the high molecular material substrate surface of the extrusion molding of softening, and crosslinked group is made to realize chemical crosslinking and physical blending with high molecular material substrate surface, after cold wind blows cold curing after high molecular material base material cold wind blows cold curing or stretches, you can obtain functional high molecule material.The Application Range of functional mass in the method for the present invention is extremely wide, utilization rate is high, effect is good, dosage is few, and the preparation section of material is short, efficient, can be widely applied to the fields such as textile and garment enterprise, plastic industry, environmental improvement and drug extraction.

Description

A kind of functional high molecule material preparation method
Technical field
The invention belongs to fibrous material, field of plastics processing, and in particular to a kind of functional high molecule material preparation method.
Background technology
The method that at present prepared by functional material is mainly that blending and modifying and chemical grafting treated are modified two kinds, and one is blendings Functional materials and Polymer Solution or melt are directly molded by method of modifying, the functional material prepared by this method, Its functional component is embedded in inside high molecular material completely, does not play its functional effect not only, it is also necessary to consume a large amount of work( Energy substance, is significantly greatly increased cost, or even can also cause molding difficulty because of being mixed into for functional component；Second is surface grafting Method of modifying makes surface generate free radicals, functional mass monomer is then grafted to high molecular material table by the methods of irradiation Face, this method preparation process is complicated, controllability is low, of high cost, and applicable functional mass is very limited.
It can be seen that conventional polymer material carries out low effect, the high cost of functionalization by being blended with chemical grafting treated Deficiency, the Application Range of functional mass is extremely wide in the method for the present invention, utilization rate is high, effect is good, dosage is few, the preparation work of material Sequence is short, efficient.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to solve conventional polymer material to carry out functionalization with chemical grafting treated by being blended Low effect, high-cost deficiency, provide a kind of functional high molecule material preparation method, the present invention by action of alternative electric field in Functional mass particle makes its physics be embedded into the high molecular material substrate surface of softening, and real with high molecular material substrate surface Now chemical crosslinking acts on, after the solidification of high molecular material base material, you can obtain functional high molecule material.Function object in the method for the present invention The Application Range of matter is extremely wide, utilization rate is high, effect is good, dosage is few, and the preparation section of material is short, efficient, can be widely applied to The fields such as textile and garment enterprise, plastic industry, environmental improvement and drug extraction.
The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved by following technical solution：A kind of functional high molecule material preparation method, Its step is：
（1）Functional mass particle is ejected into alternating electric field cathode；
（2）Action of alternative electric field makes functional mass particle accelerate in functional mass particle, forms high-speed motion, concentrates simultaneously By the functional mass corpuscular cloud of force homeostasis；
（3）The softening of high molecular material base material, and extrusion molding；
（4）Soften and the high molecular material base material of extrusion molding passes through functional mass corpuscular cloud；
（5）Functional mass corpuscular cloud is embedded into the extrusion molding of softening in a manner of physical shock, from 360 ° omni-directional physics And movement high molecular material substrate surface；
（6）The crosslinked group of functional mass particle is quickly sent out in telescopiny with the high molecular material substrate surface of softening Biochemical crosslinking, to realize the double action of chemical crosslinking and physical blending；
（7）Wind cools down after high molecular material base material to softening extrusion molding carries out direct wind cooling and solidifying or stretches Solidification, finally obtains functional high molecule material.
The step（1）Described in functional mass particle be a kind of substance, two kinds of substances or two or more substances mixing Object, form include solid powder, melt, liquids and gases, and crosslinked group plays the role of chemical crosslinking contained by least one；Institute The solid powder stated is inorganic particle, organic powder, wherein inorganic particle include metal-powder, it is metal-oxide powder, non- Metal solid powder；Wherein metal-powder includes iron powder, copper powder, silver powder, bronze, aluminium powder, alloyed powder, wherein metal oxide powder Body includes titanium dioxide powder, zirconium dioxide powder, Zinc oxide powder, tin oxide powder, zinc sulphide, wherein non-metal solid powder Including silicon-dioxide powdery, coupling agent powder, quartzy powder, glass powder, ceramic powder, sulphur powder, montmorillonite powder, bentonite The refreshing energy-absorbing function material powder of powder, diatomite powder, jade powder, ice, fluorescent powder；Wherein organic powder includes polyester tree Cosmetics body, polyamide powder, acrylic resin powder, polycarbonate resin powder, polyvinyl chloride resin powder body, powdered carbon, Polyflon powder, pvdf resin powder, chitosan powder, starch powder, cellulose powder, protein powder Body, function of molecular engram material powder, Solid Phase Extraction material powder, solid crosslinking agent powder, metallo-organic compound, aziridine Class, multi-functional polycarbodiimide class crosslinking agent；The grain size of solid powder is 50nm ~ 10um；The melt is molten for organic matter Body, crosslinking agent melt, coupling agent melt, macromolecule melt, including polyester fondant, polyamide melt, melt polypropylene, in melt High molecular molecular weight is 50 ~ 20000；The liquid is organic matter liquid, macromolecular liquid, crosslinking agent liquid, coupling agent Liquid, polyisocyanates, tetraisocyanate, polynary amine, propane diamine, polyalcohols, trimethylolpropane, glycidol ether, Polypropylene glycol glycidol ether, styrene, a- methyl styrenes, glyoxal, organic silicon, ethyl orthosilicate, trimethoxy silicon Alkane, benzene sulfonic acid class, p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid, paratoluensulfonyl chloride, esters of acrylic acid, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, acrylic acid fourth Ester, organic peroxide, cumyl peroxide, internal crosslinker, N hydroxymethyl acrylamide, Diacetone Acrylamide, metatitanic acid Ester coupling agent, silane coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent, zircoaluminate coupling agent, Organic Chromium coupling agent further include chitosan liquid Body, starch liquid, liquid acrylic, acrylamide liquid, polyethyleneimine liquid, maleic anhydride liquid, gathers cellulosic pulp Maleic acid liquid, a concentration of the 5% ~ 30% of these liquid；The gas includes steam, oxygen, nitrogen, helium, argon gas, ammonia Gas, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide.
The step（1）Described in alternating electric field be direction of an electric field and the AC field that can vary in size, electric field change frequency Rate is the Hz of 1 Hz ~ 60, and voltage is 0.5 ten thousand volts ~ 200,000 volts, and preferably 10,000 volts ~ 100,000 volts, control voltage swing carrys out regulatory function object Matter particle is embedded in the depth of high molecular material substrate surface.
The step（1）Described in functional mass particle be ejected into alternating electric field injection frequency be the Hz of 1 Hz ~ 60, spray Radio frequency rate is identical with electric field change frequency, and emitted dose is the g/min of 1 g/min ~ 200 or 10 mL/min ~ 200mL/min, preferably For the g/min of 10 g/min ~ 150 or 20 mL/min ~ 150mL/mi, control injection adjustment corpuscle is in macromolecule material Expect the arranging density of substrate surface.
The step（3）Described in the softening of high molecular material base material be high molecular material base material by being heated into melt or warp It crosses solvent and is dissolved into solution, the base material of melt is polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyimides, polylactic acid, poly- second At least one of enol, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyethylene, polyformaldehyde, ABS, makrolon；The solute of solution is acrylonitrile/fourth two Alkene copolymer, cellulose, cellulose vinegar ester, chitosan, collagen, gelatin, DNA, fibrin, fibronectin, polychlorostyrene benzene Ethylene, polyetherimide, polyether sulfone, polyethyl acrylate, poly- ethylethylene vinegar ester, gathers dimethyl silicone polymer（Ethyl -co- Vinyl acetate）, it is polyethylene oxide, polyethylene terephthalate, poly-（Lactic co-glycolic）, polyacrylate, poly- methyl Methyl acrylate, poly styrene sulfonate, polystyrene sulfuryl fluoride, gathers polymethylstyrene（Styrene-co-acrylonitrile）, it is poly- （Styrene-co-butadiene）, it is poly-（Styrene-co-divinyl base benzene）, it is polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, poly- Vinylidene, polyacrylamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, polyaniline, polybenzimidazoles, polycaprolactone, makrolon, polyethers Ketone, polyethylene, polyethyleneimine, polyimides, polyisoprene, polylactide, polypropylene, polystyrene, polysulfones, poly- amino At least one of Ethyl formate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, protein, silk.
The step（3）In extrusion molding be extruded into fiber, solid bar or hollow pipe.
The step（6）Described in chemical crosslinking be functional mass particle contained by group and high molecular material base material contained by The crosslinking that group is formed by hydrogen bond, ionic bond, chemical combination key, conjugated double bond.
The step（7）Described in cooling and solidifying be that cold air blows cold curing, be cured as first passing through stretching after stretching and use again Cold air blows cold curing.
Using above-mentioned preparation method, the Application Range of functional mass is extremely wide, utilization rate is high, effect is good, dosage is few, material Preparation section is short, efficient.
Functional fibre of the present invention can be widely applied to textile and garment enterprise, plastic industry, environmental improvement and drug and carry Take equal fields.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
（1）After the present invention is directly accelerated functional mass particle by alternating electric field, physical shock mode is embedded in macromolecule Material substrate surface makes high molecular material substrate surface and functional mass particle pass through physics insertion and the dual work of chemical crosslinking With, not only simplify preparation process, and improve functional mass utilization rate and effect, reduce dosage, functional mass particle use Amount reduces by 90%, and effect improves 500%.
（2）Inventive process avoids the deficiencies that traditional blending extrusion forming method embeds functional mass completely, use Surface insertion, which is blended, makes functional mass play a role to greatest extent, and does not influence spinning technique, does not influence the spinnability of base material.
（3）Present invention also avoids conventional surface graft-modification method preparation process complexity, controllability are low, of high cost, suitable Very limited etc. the deficiency of functional mass, will be real again after the substrate surface of crosslinked group and functional mass insertion softening Crosslinking is applied, making cross-linking reaction, more rapidly, efficiently and controllably preparation process is extremely simple, promotes and is easy.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is further explained with reference to specific embodiment, but specific embodiment is not to this hair It is bright to be limited in any way.Unless stated otherwise, reagent involved in embodiment, method are reagent and side commonly used in the art Method.
Embodiment 1
The described preparation for antibiosis anti-acarien moisture absorption polyester fiber of the present embodiment 1, specific preparation method are as follows：
（1）By average grain diameter be 200 nm zinc sulphide powder and zircoaluminate coupling agent according to 1：0.05 mass ratio is mixed It closes, which is ejected into the speed of 50 g/min on the cathode of DC electric field, voltage of electric field is 10,000 volts, just The frequency of cathode change direction is 20 Hz, and electric field accelerates zinc sulphide powder and acrylamide monomer mixture, works as mixture High-speed motion to positive-negative electrode plate centre when, constantly change electrode direction, make mixture in the electrodes between region back and forth high speed Movement, forms the mixture corpuscular cloud of the dynamic equilibrium of concentration；
（2）Terylene spinning resin is melted by the melting zone heating of melt spinning machine, then the melt extrusion from spinneret orifice, should Melt stream is passed through under the effect of gravity in the mixture corpuscular cloud between two-plate, mixture from 360 ° omni-directional high-speed impact And embedded melt stream surface, while mixture particle carry ionization hydroxyl, oxygen atom and zircoaluminate coupling agent enter it is molten Body simultaneously realizes chemical crosslink reaction with the terylene molecule of melt, after melt stream attenuates using stretching, is blown by air at room temperature Chemical conversion fiber is freezed off, the antibiosis anti-acarien moisture absorption polyester fiber that surface has been uniformly embedded into zinc sulphide powder has been eventually fabricated.
Embodiment 2
The described preparation for cordycepin molecular engram polypropylene fiber of the present embodiment 2, specific preparation method are as follows：
（1）By the molecular engram powder for the cordycepin that average grain diameter is 700 nm, by the molecular engram powder with 60 g/min's Speed is ejected on the cathode of DC electric field, and voltage of electric field is 50,000 volts, and the frequency of positive and negative anodes change direction is 40 Hz, electric field pair Nanometer cordycepin molecular engram powder is accelerated, when the centre of cordycepin molecular engram powder high-speed motion to positive-negative electrode plate, Constantly change electrode direction, make nanometer cordycepin molecular engram powder in the electrodes between region high-speed motion back and forth, form concentration The nanometer cordycepin molecular engram powder cloud of dynamic equilibrium；
（2）Polypropylene spinning resin is melted by the melting zone heating of melt spinning machine, then the melt extrusion from spinneret orifice, should Melt stream is passed through under the effect of gravity in the nanometer cordycepin molecular engram powder cloud between two-plate, nanometer cordycepin molecular engram Powder from 360 ° omni-directional high-speed impact and embedded melt stream surface, while nanometer cordycepin molecular engram powder carries ionization Functional group enters melt and realizes chemical crosslink reaction with the polypropylene fibre molecule of melt on hydroxyl, oxygen atom and molecular engram powder, It after melt stream attenuates using stretching, is blown by air at room temperature and freezes off chemical conversion fiber, be eventually fabricated surface and be uniformly embedded into The polypropylene fiber of nanometer cordycepin molecular engram powder, can be used for the Solid Phase Extraction of cordycepin drug.
Embodiment 3
The preparation of the described viscose rayon of feeling well for ice of the present embodiment 3, specific preparation method are as follows：
（1）The refreshing jade powder of ice and polymethyl siloxane coupling agent that average grain diameter is 2 um are with 1：0.01 mass ratio is mixed It closing, which is ejected into the speed of 150 g/min on the cathode of DC electric field, voltage of electric field is 100,000 volts, The frequency of positive and negative anodes change direction is 50 Hz, and electric field accelerates ice jade powder powder of feeling well, when ice jade powder high-speed motion of feeling well arrives When the centre of positive-negative electrode plate, constantly change electrode direction, region high-speed motion back and forth between making ice feel well jade powder in the electrodes, shape At the refreshing jade powder cloud of the nanometer ice of the dynamic equilibrium of concentration；
（2）Cellulose spinning solution extrusion solution from spinneret orifice, the solution thread pass through two-plate under the effect of gravity Between nanometer ice feel well in jade powder cloud, nanometer ice is felt well jade powder from 360 ° omni-directional high-speed impact and embedded fiber element spinning is molten Liquid thread surface, while hydroxyl, oxygen atom and coupling group that the refreshing jade powder of nanometer ice carries ionization enter melt and and liquid Cellulosic molecule realize chemical crosslink reaction, liquid stream is stretched attenuate after, be solidified into fiber using solidification liquid, most The viscose rayon that surface has been uniformly embedded into the refreshing jade powder of nanometer ice is made afterwards, the refreshing fabric of the ice that can be used on textile garment is opened Hair.
Embodiment 4
The described preparation for amino-contained acid fiber by polylactic of the present embodiment 4, the preparation method are specific as follows：
（1）It, will by average molecular weight to be passed through the cross-linking modified ammonias of 50mL in 70 acrylamide monomer 100mL liquid The compounding substances are ejected into the speed of 20 mL/min on the cathode of DC electric field, and voltage of electric field is 10,000 volts, positive and negative anodes variation The frequency in direction is 10 Hz, and electric field accelerates acrylamide and ammonia gas mixture, when mixture high-speed motion to positive negative electricity When the centre of pole plate, constantly change electrode direction, make mixture in the electrodes between region high-speed motion back and forth, form the dynamic of concentration The acrylamide and ammonia gas mixture cloud of state balance；
（2）Polylactic acid spinning resin is melted by the melting zone heating of melt spinning machine, then the melt extrusion from spinneret orifice, The melt stream is passed through under the effect of gravity in the mixture cloud between two-plate, and compound particles from 360 ° omni-directional hit by high speed Hit and be embedded in melt stream surface, at the same mixture carry ionization hydroxyl, oxygen atom and amino enter melt and with melt Polylactic acid molecule realizes chemical crosslink reaction, after melt stream attenuates using stretching, is blown by air at room temperature and freezes off chemical conversion fibre Dimension, has been eventually fabricated the acid fiber by polylactic that surface has been uniformly embedded into acrylamide and amido.
Embodiment 5
The preparation of the described viscose rayon for surface grafting chitosan of the present embodiment 5, preparation method are specific as follows：
（1）By the acetic acid liquid for the chitosan that average molecular weight is 6000, by the compounding substances with the speed of 100 mL/min Degree is ejected on the cathode of DC electric field, and voltage of electric field is 50,000 volts, and the frequency of positive and negative anodes change direction is 30 Hz, and electric field is to shell The acetic acid liquid particle of glycan is accelerated, when the acetic acid liquid particle high-speed motion of chitosan is to the centre of positive-negative electrode plate When, constantly change electrode direction, make the acetic acid liquid particle of chitosan in the electrodes between region high-speed motion back and forth, formed and concentrated Dynamic equilibrium chitosan acetic acid liquid corpuscular cloud；
（2）Viscose solution squeezes out from spinneret orifice, which passes through the chitosan between two-plate under the effect of gravity Acetic acid liquid corpuscular cloud in, the acetic acid liquid particles of chitosan from 360 ° omni-directional high-speed impact and embedded solution thread table Face, while the acetic acid liquid particle of chitosan carries the hydroxyl of ionization, oxygen atom enters solution and the cellulosic molecule with solution It realizes chemical crosslink reaction, after solution thread attenuates using stretching, is solidified into fiber by solidification liquid, has been eventually fabricated surface It is uniformly embedded into and has been grafted the viscose rayon of chitosan.
Embodiment 6
The described preparation for the load wear-resisting thread tube of ceramic powder of the present embodiment 6, preparation method it is specific as follows：
（1）The ceramic powder and silane coupling agent that average grain diameter is 200 nm are with 1：0.02 mass ratio mixing, by the mixing Corpuscle is ejected into the speed of 150 g/min on the cathode of DC electric field, and voltage of electric field is 100,000 volts, positive and negative anodes variation side To frequency be 50 Hz, electric field accelerates ceramic powder, when the centre of ceramic powder high-speed motion to positive-negative electrode plate, no It is disconnected to change electrode direction, make nano-ceramic powder in the electrodes between region high-speed motion back and forth, form receiving for the dynamic equilibrium of concentration Rice ceramic powder cloud；
（2）Polyvinyl chloride resin is melted by the melting zone heating of melt spinning machine, then tubulose melt is squeezed out from jet pipe hole, should Tubulose melt stream is passed through under the effect of gravity in the nano-ceramic powder cloud between two-plate, and nano-ceramic powder is from 360 ° omni-directional The surfaces externally and internally of high-speed impact and embedded melt stream pipe, while nano-ceramic powder carries hydroxyl, oxygen atom and the silane of ionization Coupling agent enters melt and realizes that chemical crosslink reaction, tubulose melt stream are blown using air at room temperature with the PVC molecules of melt Chemical conversion pvc pipe is freezed off, the pvc pipe that pipe surfaces externally and internally has been uniformly embedded into nano-ceramic powder has been eventually fabricated.
Embodiment 7
The described preparation for the highly conductive fiber of terylene of the present embodiment 7, the highly conductive fiber of the terylene is by with nano-silver powder Embedded terylene conductive fiber substrate surface composition, the preparation method of the highly conductive fiber of the terylene include the following steps：
（1）By average grain diameter be 200 nm nano-silver powder and polyester oligomer melt with mass ratio 1：3 mixing, the mixing Corpuscle is ejected into the speed of 10 g/min on the cathode of DC electric field, and voltage of electric field is 30,000 volts, positive and negative anodes change direction Frequency be 10 Hz, electric field accelerates nano-silver powder, when the centre of nano-silver powder high-speed motion to positive-negative electrode plate, Constantly change electrode direction, make nano-silver powder in the electrodes between region high-speed motion back and forth, form receiving for the dynamic equilibrium of concentration Rice silver powder cloud；
（2）Terylene conductive fiber base material selects terylene spinning resin, terylene spinning resin to pass through the melting of melt spinning machine Area's heating melting, then the melt extrusion from spinneret orifice, the melt stream pass through the nano-silver powder between two-plate under the effect of gravity Yun Zhong, nano-silver powder from 360 ° omni-directional high-speed impact and embedded melt stream surface, while nano-silver powder carries ionization Hydroxyl, oxygen atom and polyester oligomer melt enter terylene melt and realize that chemical crosslinking is anti-with the terylene molecule of molten condition It answers, after melt stream attenuates using stretching, is blown by air at room temperature and freeze off chemical conversion fiber, be eventually fabricated surface and be uniformly embedded into The terylene conductive fiber of nano-silver powder.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of functional high molecule material preparation method, which is characterized in that its step is：
(1) functional mass particle is ejected into alternating electric field cathode；
(2) action of alternative electric field makes functional mass particle accelerate in functional mass particle, forms high-speed motion, concentrates simultaneously stress The functional mass corpuscular cloud of dynamic equilibrium；
(3) softening of high molecular material base material, and extrusion molding；
(4) the high molecular material base material of softening and extrusion molding passes through functional mass corpuscular cloud；
(5) functional mass corpuscular cloud be embedded into a manner of physical shock, from 360 ° omni-directional physics the extrusion molding of softening and The high molecular material substrate surface of movement；
(6) crosslinked group of functional mass particle is quickly changed in telescopiny with the high molecular material substrate surface of softening Crosslinking is learned, to realize the double action of chemical crosslinking and physical blending；
(7) wind cools down solid after the high molecular material base material for softening extrusion molding being carried out direct wind cooling and solidifying or stretched Change, finally obtains functional high molecule material.
2. a kind of functional high molecule material preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in step (1) Functional mass particle be a kind of substance, two kinds of substances or two or more substances mixture, form includes solid powder, molten Body, liquids and gases, at least one contained by crosslinked group play the role of chemical crosslinking；The solid powder be inorganic particle, Organic powder, wherein inorganic particle include metal-powder, metal-oxide powder, non-metal solid powder；Wherein metal powder Body includes iron powder, copper powder, silver powder, bronze, aluminium powder, alloyed powder, and wherein metal-oxide powder includes titanium dioxide powder, titanium dioxide Zirconium powder body, Zinc oxide powder, tin oxide powder, zinc sulphide, wherein non-metal solid powder include silicon-dioxide powdery, coupling agent Powder, quartzy powder, glass powder, ceramic powder, sulphur powder, montmorillonite powder, bentonite powder, diatomite powder, jade powder, The refreshing energy-absorbing function material powder of ice, fluorescent powder；Wherein organic powder include polyester resin powder, polyamide powder, Acrylic resin powder, polycarbonate resin powder, polyvinyl chloride resin powder body, powdered carbon, polyflon powder, inclined fluorine Vinyl powder, chitosan powder, starch powder, cellulose powder, protein powder, function of molecular engram material powder, Solid Phase Extraction material powder, solid crosslinking agent powder, metallo-organic compound, aziridines；The grain size of solid powder is 50nm ~10um；The melt is organic matter melt, crosslinking agent melt, coupling agent melt, macromolecule melt, wherein macromolecule melt Including polyester fondant, polyamide melt, melt polypropylene, high molecular molecular weight is 50~20000 in melt；The liquid For polyisocyanates, polynary amine, polyalcohols, trimethylolpropane, glycidol ether, styrene, a- methyl styrenes, second Dialdehyde, organic silicon, benzene sulfonic acid class, esters of acrylic acid, organic peroxide, N hydroxymethyl acrylamide, diacetone acrylamide acyl Amine, titanate coupling agent, silane coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent, zircoaluminate coupling agent, Organic Chromium coupling agent, further include shell Glycan liquid, cellulosic pulp, starch liquid, liquid acrylic, acrylamide liquid, polyethyleneimine liquid, maleic anhydride Liquid, poly liquid, a concentration of the 5%~30% of these liquid；The gas includes steam, oxygen, nitrogen, helium Gas, argon gas, ammonia, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide.
3. a kind of functional high molecule material preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that institute in step (1) The alternating electric field stated is direction of an electric field and the AC field that can vary in size, and electric field change frequency is 1Hz~60Hz, and voltage is 0.5 ten thousand volts~200,000 volts, control voltage swing carrys out the depth of regulatory function corpuscle insertion high molecular material substrate surface.
4. a kind of functional high molecule material preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that institute in step (1) The injection frequency that the functional mass particle stated is ejected into alternating electric field is 1Hz~60Hz, injection frequency and electric field change frequency phase Together, emitted dose is 1g/min~200g/min or 10mL/min~200mL/min, and control injection adjustment corpuscle exists The arranging density of high molecular material substrate surface.
5. a kind of functional high molecule material preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that institute in step (3) The softening for stating high molecular material base material is high molecular material base material by being heated into melt or being dissolved into solution, melt by solvent Base material include polyester, it is polyamide, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyimides, polylactic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), poly- At least one of ethylene, polyformaldehyde, ABS, makrolon；The solute of solution is acrylonitrile/butadiene copolymer, cellulose, fibre The plain vinegar ester of dimension, chitosan, gelatin, polychlorostyrene, dimethyl silicone polymer, polyetherimide, polyether sulfone, polyacrylic acid second Ester, poly- ethylethylene vinegar ester, poly- (ethyl -co- vinyl acetate), polyethylene oxide, polyethylene terephthalate, poly- (lactic acid Co-glycolic), polyacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polymethylstyrene, poly styrene sulfonate, polystyrene Sulfuryl fluoride, poly- (styrene-co-butadiene), poly- (styrene-co-divinyl base benzene), gathers poly- (styrene-co-acrylonitrile) Vinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, Kynoar, polyacrylamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, polyaniline, gathers polyvinyl alcohol Benzimidazole, polycaprolactone, makrolon, polyether-ketone, polyethylene, polyethyleneimine, polyimides, polyisoprene, poly- third Lactide, polypropylene, polystyrene, polysulfones, polyurethane, polyvinylpyrrolidone, at least one of protein.
6. a kind of functional high molecule material preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in step (3) Extrusion molding is to be extruded into fiber, solid bar or hollow pipe.
7. a kind of functional high molecule material preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that institute in step (6) State chemical crosslinking be the group contained by functional mass particle and group contained by high molecular material base material by hydrogen bond, ionic bond, The crosslinking that chemical combination key, conjugated double bond are formed.
8. a kind of functional high molecule material preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that institute in step (7) The cooling and solidifying stated is that cold air blows cold curing, stretches postcooling and is cured as first passing through stretching and blows cold curing with cold air again.
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