CN106283275A - A kind of functional high molecule material preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of functional high molecule material preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106283275A CN106283275A CN201610671257.9A CN201610671257A CN106283275A CN 106283275 A CN106283275 A CN 106283275A CN 201610671257 A CN201610671257 A CN 201610671257A CN 106283275 A CN106283275 A CN 106283275A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F11/00—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
- D01F11/04—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers
- D01F11/08—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
- B29C48/002—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with surface shaping
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F11/00—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
- D01F11/02—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of cellulose, cellulose derivatives, or proteins
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F11/00—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
- D01F11/04—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers
- D01F11/06—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08J2327/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of functional high molecule material preparation method, belong to fibrous material, field of plastics processing.Present invention aim at solving conventional polymer material and carry out low effect of functionalization, the deficiency of high cost by being blended with chemical grafting treated, the present invention passes through action of alternative electric field in functional mass microgranule, its physics is made to be embedded into the macromolecular material substrate surface of extrusion molding of softening, and make crosslinked group realize chemical crosslinking and physical blending with macromolecular material substrate surface, after cold wind blows cold curing after macromolecular material base material cold wind blows cold curing or stretching, functional high molecule material can be obtained.The Application Range of the functional mass in the inventive method is extremely wide, utilization rate is high, effect is good, consumption is few, and the preparation section of material is short, efficiency is high, can be widely applied to the fields such as textile and garment enterprise, plastic industry, environmental improvement and extract drugs.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fibrous material, field of plastics processing, be specifically related to a kind of functional high molecule material preparation method.
Background technology
The method that at present prepared by functional material is mainly blending and modifying and modified two kinds of chemical grafting treated, and one is blended
Method of modifying, is directly shaped functional materials and macromolecular solution or melt, the functional material prepared by this method,
Its functional component is embedded in inside macromolecular material completely, does not only play its functional effect, in addition it is also necessary to consume substantial amounts of merit
Can material, cost is significantly greatly increased, the most also can cause the difficulty of molding because of being mixed into of functional component；The second is surface grafting
Method of modifying, by methods such as irradiation, makes surface produce free radical, then functional mass monomer is grafted to macromolecular material table
Face, the method preparation process is complicated, controllability is low, cost is high, and the functional mass being suitable for is very limited.
Can be seen that conventional polymer material carries out low effect of functionalization, high cost by being blended with chemical grafting treated
Deficiency, in the inventive method, the Application Range of functional mass is extremely wide, utilization rate high, effect is good, consumption is few, the preparation work of material
Sequence is short, efficiency is high.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve conventional polymer material and carry out functionalization by being blended with chemical grafting treated
Low effect, the deficiency of high cost, it is provided that a kind functional high molecule material preparation method, the present invention passes through action of alternative electric field
In functional mass microgranule so that it is physics is embedded into the macromolecular material substrate surface of softening, and with macromolecular material substrate surface
Realization chemical crosslinking effect, after macromolecular material base material solidifies, can obtain functional high molecule material.Function in the inventive method
The Application Range of material is extremely wide, utilization rate is high, effect is good, consumption is few, and the preparation section of material is short, efficiency is high, can extensively apply
In fields such as textile and garment enterprise, plastic industry, environmental improvement and extract drugs.
The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved by following technical solution: a kind of functional high molecule material preparation method,
The steps include:
(1) functional mass microgranule is ejected into alternating electric field negative pole；
(2) action of alternative electric field is in functional mass microgranule, makes functional mass microgranule accelerate, and forms high-speed motion, concentrates and stress
The functional mass corpuscular cloud of dynamic equilibrium；
(3) softening of macromolecular material base material, and extrusion molding；
(4) soften and the macromolecular material base material of extrusion molding passes functional mass corpuscular cloud；
(5) functional mass corpuscular cloud with physical shock mode, the extrusion molding being embedded into softening from 360 ° of comprehensive physics and
The macromolecular material substrate surface of motion；
(6) crosslinked group of functional mass microgranule is quickly changed with the macromolecular material substrate surface softened in telescopiny
Learn crosslinking, thus realize the dual function of chemical crosslinking and physical blending；
(7) after the macromolecular material base material softening extrusion molding carrying out direct wind cooling and solidifying or stretching, wind cooling is solid
Change, finally obtain functional high molecule material.
Functional mass microgranule described in this step (1) is a kind of material, two kinds of materials or the mixing of two or more material
Thing, its form includes solid powder, melt, liquids and gases, and crosslinked group contained by least one plays chemical crosslinking effect；Institute
The solid powder stated is metal-powder, metal-oxide powder, inorganic particle, Organic substance powder body, including iron powder, copper powder, argentum powder,
Bronze, aluminium powder, stainless steel powder, alloyed powder, titanium dioxide powder, silicon-dioxide powdery, zirconium dioxide powder body, coupling agent powder body, stone
English powder body, glass powder, ceramic powder, Zinc oxide powder, stannum oxide powder body, sulfur powder, zinc sulfide, plastics powder body, polyester resin
Powder body, polyamide powder body, acrylic resin powder body, polycarbonate resin powder body, polyvinyl chloride resin powder body, powdered carbon, poly-
TFE powder body, pvdf resin powder body, chitosan powder body, starch powder, cellulose powder body, protein powder body,
Conductive powder body, montmorillonite powder body, bentonite powder body, kieselguhr powder body, moisture absorption powder body, galvanomagnetic-effect powder body, fluorescent material powder body, anti-
Bacterium functional material powder body, inhale wave energy material powder, ice and feel well energy-absorbing function material powder, jade powder, function of molecular engram material
Powder body, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, Solid-Phase Extraction material powder, solid cross-linking agent powder body, metallo-organic compound, isopropanol
Aluminum, zinc acetate, titanium acetylacetone, aziridines, multi-functional polycarbodiimide class cross-linking agent, the particle diameter of powder body be 50nm ~
10um；Described melt is Organic substance melt, cross-linking agent melt, coupling agent melt, macromolecule melt, including polyester fondant, gathers
Amide melt, melt polypropylene, in melt, high molecular molecular weight is 50 ~ 20000；Described liquid is Organic substance liquid, height
Molecular fluid, cross-linking agent liquid, coupling agent liquid, polyisocyanates, tetraisocyanate, polynary amine, propane diamine, polyhydric alcohol
Class, trimethylolpropane, glycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol glycidyl ether, styrene, a-methyl styrene, Biformyl, organic
Silicon class, tetraethyl orthosilicate, trimethoxy silane, benzenesulfonic acid class, p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid, paratoluensulfonyl chloride, esters of acrylic acid, diformazan
Base acrylic acid glycol ester, butyl acrylate, organic peroxide, cumyl peroxide, internal crosslinker, N-methylol propylene
Amide, N-[2-(2-methyl-4-oxopentyl), titanate coupling agent, silane coupler, aluminate coupling agent, zircoaluminate coupling agent, organic
Chromium coupling agent, described solution is macromolecular solution, cross-linking agent solution, coupling agent solution, molten including chitosan solution, cellulose
Liquid, starch solution, acrylic acid solution, acrylamide solution, polyethylenimine solution, maleic anhydride solution, poly, solution
Concentration be 5% ~ 30%；Described gas include steam, oxygen, nitrogen, helium, argon, ammonia, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide,
Nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide.
Alternating electric field described in this step (1) is direction of an electric field and the AC field that can vary in size, electric field change frequency
Rate is 1 Hz ~ 60 Hz, and voltage is 0.5 ten thousand volts ~ 200,000 volts, preferably 10,000 volts ~ 100,000 volts, controls voltage swing and carrys out regulatory function thing
Matter microgranule embeds the degree of depth of macromolecular material substrate surface.
It is 1 Hz ~ 60 Hz that functional mass microgranule described in this step (1) is ejected into the injection frequency of alternating electric field, spray
Radio frequency rate is identical with electric field change frequency, and emitted dose is 1 g/min ~ 200 g/min or 10 mL/min ~ 200mL/min, preferably
It is 10 g/min ~ 150 g/min or 20 mL/min ~ 150mL/mi, controls emitted dose regulatory function corpuscle at macromolecule material
The arranging density of material substrate surface.
The softening of macromolecular material base material described in this step (3) is that macromolecular material base material is through being heated into melt or warp
Cross solvent and be dissolved into solution, solution be base material be polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polrvinyl chloride, polyimides, polylactic acid, poly-second
Enol, politef, polyethylene, polyformaldehyde, ABS, Merlon at least one；The solute of solution is acrylonitrile/fourth two
Alkene copolymer, cellulose, cellulose vinegar ester, chitosan, collagen, gelatin, DNA, Fibrinogen, fibronectin, nylon,
Polyacrylonitrile, polychlorostyrene, polydimethylsiloxane, Polyetherimide, polyether sulfone, polyethyl acrylate, poly-ethylethylene
Vinegar ester, poly-(ethyl-co-vinyl acetate), poly(ethylene oxide), polyethylene terephthalate, poly-(lactic co-glycolic),
Polyacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polymethylstyrene, poly styrene sulfonate, polystyrene sulfuryl fluoride, poly-(benzene
Ethylene-co-propylene nitrile), poly-(styrene-co-butadiene), poly-(styrene-co-divinyl base benzene), polyvinyl acetate, poly-
Vinyl alcohol, polrvinyl chloride, Kynoar, polyacrylamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, polyaniline, polybenzimidazoles, poly-oneself
Lactone, Merlon, polyether-ketone, polyethylene, polymine, polyimides, polyisoprene, polylactide, polypropylene, poly-
Styrene, polysulfones, polyurethane, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, protein, silkworm silk at least one.
Extrusion molding in this step (3) is for being extruded into fiber, solid bar or hollow pipe.
It is chemically crosslinked contained by the group contained by functional mass microgranule and macromolecular material base material described in this step (6)
The crosslinking that group is formed by hydrogen bond, ionic bond, chemical combination key, conjugated double bond.
Cooling and solidifying described in this step (7) is that cold air blows cold curing, and after stretching, air curing is for first passing through stretching
Cold curing is blown again with cold air.
Using above-mentioned preparation method, the Application Range of functional mass is extremely wide, utilization rate is high, effect is good, consumption is few, material
Preparation section is short, efficiency is high.
Functional fibre of the present invention can be widely applied to textile and garment enterprise, plastic industry, environmental improvement and medicine and carries
The field such as take.
Compared with prior art, there is advantages that
(1), after functional mass microgranule is directly accelerated by the present invention by alternating electric field, physical shock mode embeds macromolecular material
Substrate surface, makes macromolecular material substrate surface and functional mass microgranule be embedded by physics and be chemically crosslinked dual function, both
Simplifying preparation technology, improve again utilization rate and effect, the minimizing consumption of functional mass, functional mass microgranule usage amount reduces
90%, and effect improves 500%.
(2) inventive process avoids the deficiency that functional mass is embedded by tradition blending extrusion forming method completely, use
Surface embeds to be blended and makes functional mass play a role to greatest extent, and does not affect spinning technique, does not affect the spinnability of base material.
(3) present invention also avoids that conventional surface graft-modification method preparation process is complicated, controllability is low, cost is high, suitable
The deficiency of the aspects such as functional mass is very limited, real again after crosslinked group and functional mass are embedded the substrate surface softened
Executing crosslinking, make cross-linking reaction more rapid, efficient and controlled, preparation technology is extremely simple, promotes easily.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further explained, but specific embodiment is not to this
Bright it is limited in any way.Unless stated otherwise, involved in embodiment reagent, method are reagent commonly used in the art and side
Method.
Embodiment 1
The preparation for antibiosis anti-acarien moisture absorption polyster fibre described by the present embodiment 1, its concrete preparation method is as follows:
(1) zinc sulphide powder and zircoaluminate coupling agent that mean diameter is 200 nm are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:0.05, will
This compounding substances microgranule is ejected on the negative pole of DC electric field with the speed of 50 g/min, and voltage of electric field is 10,000 volts, and both positive and negative polarity becomes
The frequency changing direction is 20 Hz, and zinc sulphide powder and acrylamide monomer mixture are accelerated by electric field, when mixture fortune at a high speed
When moving positive-negative electrode plate middle, constantly change electrode direction, region high-speed motion back and forth, shape between making mixture in the electrodes
Become the mixture corpuscular cloud of the dynamic equilibrium concentrated；
(2) terylene spinning resin adds heat fusing, then melt extrusion at spinneret orifice, this melt through the melting zone of melt spinning machine
Thread is under gravity through in the mixture corpuscular cloud between two-plate, and mixture is from 360 ° of high-speed impacts embedding in all directions
Entering melt stream surface, mixture microgranule carries the hydroxyl of ionization, oxygen atom and zircoaluminate coupling agent and enters melt also simultaneously
Realize chemical crosslink reaction with the terylene molecule of melt, melt stream is the most stretched attenuate after, blow through air at room temperature and freeze off
Chemical conversion fiber, has been eventually fabricated surface and has been uniformly embedded into the antibiosis anti-acarien moisture absorption polyster fibre of zinc sulphide powder.
Embodiment 2
The preparation for cordycepin molecular engram polypropylene fiber described by the present embodiment 2, its concrete preparation method is as follows:
(1) by the molecular engram powder of cordycepin that mean diameter is 700 nm, by this molecular engram powder with the speed of 60 g/min
Being ejected on the negative pole of DC electric field, voltage of electric field is 50,000 volts, and the frequency of both positive and negative polarity change direction is 40 Hz, and electric field is to nanometer
Cordycepin molecular engram powder is accelerated, when cordycepin molecular engram powder high-speed motion to positive-negative electrode plate middle, constantly
Change electrode direction, region high-speed motion back and forth between making nanometer cordycepin molecular engram powder in the electrodes, form the dynamic of concentration
The nanometer cordycepin molecular engram powder cloud of balance；
(2) polypropylene spinning resin adds heat fusing, then melt extrusion at spinneret orifice, this melt through the melting zone of melt spinning machine
Thread under gravity through in the nanometer cordycepin molecular engram powder cloud between two-plate, nanometer cordycepin molecular engram powder from
360 ° of high-speed impacts embed melt stream surface in all directions, nanometer cordycepin molecular engram powder carries the hydroxyl of ionization simultaneously
On base, oxygen atom and molecular engram powder, functional group enters melt and the polypropylene molecule with melt realizes chemical crosslink reaction, molten
Body thread is the most stretched attenuate after, blow cold curing through air at room temperature and become fiber, be eventually fabricated surface and be uniformly embedded into and receive
The polypropylene fiber of rice cordycepin molecular engram powder, can be used for the Solid-Phase Extraction of cordycepin medicine.
Embodiment 3
The preparation of the viscose rayon of feeling well for ice described by the present embodiment 3, its concrete preparation method is as follows:
(1) mean diameter is that the ice of 2 um feels well jade powder and polymethyl siloxane coupling agent mixes with the mass ratio of 1:0.01, will
This compounding substances microgranule is ejected on the negative pole of DC electric field with the speed of 150 g/min, and voltage of electric field is 100,000 volts, both positive and negative polarity
The frequency of change direction is 50 Hz, and electric field jade powder powder of feeling well ice is accelerated, when ice feels well jade powder high-speed motion to positive negative electricity
During pole plate middle, constantly change electrode direction, make ice feel well jade powder in the electrodes between region high-speed motion back and forth, formed and concentrate
The nanometer ice of dynamic equilibrium feel well jade powder cloud；
(2) cellulose spinning solution extrusion solution at spinneret orifice, this solution thread passes between two-plate under gravity
Nanometer ice is felt well in jade powder cloud, and nanometer ice feels well jade powder from 360 ° of high-speed impacts to embed cellulose spinning solution thin in all directions
Stream surface, nanometer ice is felt well simultaneously, and jade powder carries the hydroxyl of ionization, oxygen atom and coupling group enter melt the fibre with liquid
Dimension element molecule realizes chemical crosslink reaction, liquid stream is stretched attenuate after, then be solidified into fiber through solidification liquid, finally make
Become surface to be uniformly embedded into nanometer ice to feel well the viscose rayon of jade powder, can be used for the ice on textile garment and feel well fabric development.
Embodiment 4
The preparation for amino-contained acid fiber by polylactic described by the present embodiment 4, this preparation method is specific as follows:
(1) it is passed through the cross-linking modified ammonia of 50mL by acrylamide monomer 100mL liquid that mean molecule quantity is 70, this is mixed
Compound matter is ejected on the negative pole of DC electric field with the speed of 20 mL/min, and voltage of electric field is 10,000 volts, both positive and negative polarity change direction
Frequency be 10 Hz, acrylamide and ammonia gas mixture are accelerated by electric field, when mixture high-speed motion is to positive-negative electrode plate
Middle time, constantly change electrode direction, region high-speed motion back and forth between making mixture in the electrodes, form concentrate dynamically flat
The acrylamide of weighing apparatus and ammonia gas mixture cloud；
(2) polylactic acid spinning resin adds heat fusing, then melt extrusion at spinneret orifice through the melting zone of melt spinning machine, and this melts
Body thread is under gravity through in the mixture cloud between two-plate, and high-speed impact is also in all directions from 360 ° for compound particles
Embedding melt stream surface, mixture carries the hydroxyl of ionization, oxygen atom and amino and enters melt the poly-breast with melt simultaneously
Acid molecule realizes chemical crosslink reaction, melt stream is the most stretched attenuate after, blow cold curing through air at room temperature and become fiber,
After be made for surface and be uniformly embedded into the acid fiber by polylactic of acrylamide and amido.
Embodiment 5
The preparation of the viscose rayon for surface grafting chitosan described by the present embodiment 5, its preparation method is specific as follows:
(1) by the acetic acid liquid of chitosan that mean molecule quantity is 6000, this compounding substances is sprayed with the speed of 100 mL/min
Being mapped on the negative pole of DC electric field, voltage of electric field is 50,000 volts, and the frequency of both positive and negative polarity change direction is 30 Hz, and electric field is to chitosan
Acetic acid liquid particle be accelerated, when the acetic acid liquid particle high-speed motion of chitosan is to positive-negative electrode plate middle, no
Disconnected change electrode direction, region high-speed motion back and forth between making the acetic acid liquid particle of chitosan in the electrodes, form concentrate dynamic
The acetic acid liquid corpuscular cloud of the chitosan of state balance；
(2) viscose solution is extruded at spinneret orifice, and this solution thread is under gravity through the vinegar of the chitosan between two-plate
In acid solution body corpuscular cloud, the acetic acid liquid particles of chitosan from 360 ° of high-speed impacts embed solution thread surface in all directions,
The acetic acid liquid particle of chitosan carries the hydroxyl of ionization, oxygen atom entrance solution the cellulosic molecule realization with solution simultaneously
Chemical crosslink reaction, solution thread is the most stretched attenuate after, be solidified into fiber through solidification liquid, be eventually fabricated surface uniform
Embed and be grafted the viscose rayon of chitosan.
Embodiment 6
The preparation for loading the wear-resisting thread tube of ceramics described by the present embodiment 6, its preparation method specific as follows:
(1) mean diameter is the ceramics of 200 nm and silane coupler mixes, by this compounding substances with the mass ratio of 1:0.02
Microgranule is ejected on the negative pole of DC electric field with the speed of 150 g/min, and voltage of electric field is 100,000 volts, both positive and negative polarity change direction
Frequency is 50 Hz, and ceramics is accelerated by electric field, when ceramics high-speed motion to positive-negative electrode plate middle, constantly changes
Variable electrode direction, region high-speed motion back and forth between making nano-ceramic powder in the electrodes, form the nanometer pottery of the dynamic equilibrium concentrated
Porcelain powder cloud；
(2) polyvinyl chloride resin adds heat fusing through the melting zone of melt spinning machine, then extrudes tubulose melt, this tubulose at jet pipe hole
Melt stream passes in the nano-ceramic powder cloud between two-plate under gravity, and nano-ceramic powder is from 360 ° in all directions at a high speed
Clashing into and embed the surfaces externally and internally of melt stream pipe, nano-ceramic powder carries the hydroxyl of ionization, oxygen atom and silane coupled simultaneously
Agent enters melt and the PVC molecule with melt realizes chemical crosslink reaction, and tubulose melt stream blows through air at room temperature and freezes off
Chemical conversion pvc pipe, has been eventually fabricated pipe surfaces externally and internally and has been uniformly embedded into the pvc pipe of nano-ceramic powder.
Embodiment 7
The preparation for terylene high connductivity fiber described by the present embodiment 7, this terylene high connductivity fiber is embedded by with nanometer silver powder
Terylene conduction fibrous substrate surface composition, the preparation method of this terylene high connductivity fiber comprises the steps:
(1) nanometer silver powder and polyester oligomer melt that mean diameter is 200 nm are mixed with mass ratio 1:3, this compounding substances
Microgranule is ejected on the negative pole of DC electric field with the speed of 10 g/min, and voltage of electric field is 30,000 volts, the frequency of both positive and negative polarity change direction
Rate is 10 Hz, and nanometer silver powder is accelerated by electric field, when nanometer silver powder high-speed motion to positive-negative electrode plate middle, constantly
Change electrode direction, region high-speed motion back and forth between making nanometer silver powder in the electrodes, form the nanometer silver of the dynamic equilibrium concentrated
Powder cloud；
(2) terylene conduction fiber base material selects terylene spinning resin, and terylene spinning resin adds through the melting zone of melt spinning machine
Heat fusing, then melt extrusion at spinneret orifice, this melt stream passes in the nanometer silver powder cloud between two-plate under gravity,
Nanometer silver powder from 360 ° of high-speed impacts embed melt stream surface in all directions, simultaneously nanometer silver powder carry ionization hydroxyl,
Oxygen atom and polyester oligomer melt enter terylene melt and the terylene molecule with molten condition realizes chemical crosslink reaction, melt
Thread is the most stretched attenuate after, blow cold curing through air at room temperature and become fiber, be eventually fabricated surface and be uniformly embedded into nanometer
The terylene conductive fiber of argentum powder.
Claims (8)
1. a functional high molecule material preparation method, it is characterised in that the steps include:
(1) functional mass microgranule is ejected into alternating electric field negative pole；
(2) action of alternative electric field is in functional mass microgranule, makes functional mass microgranule accelerate, and forms high-speed motion, concentrates and stress
The functional mass corpuscular cloud of dynamic equilibrium；
(3) softening of macromolecular material base material, and extrusion molding；
(4) soften and the macromolecular material base material of extrusion molding passes functional mass corpuscular cloud；
(5) functional mass corpuscular cloud with physical shock mode, the extrusion molding being embedded into softening from 360 ° of comprehensive physics and
The macromolecular material substrate surface of motion；
(6) crosslinked group of functional mass microgranule is quickly changed with the macromolecular material substrate surface softened in telescopiny
Learn crosslinking, thus realize the dual function of chemical crosslinking and physical blending；
(7) after the macromolecular material base material softening extrusion molding carrying out direct wind cooling and solidifying or stretching, wind cooling is solid
Change, finally obtain functional high molecule material.
A kind of functional high molecule material preparation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step (1)
Functional mass microgranule be a kind of material, two kinds of materials or the mixture of two or more material, its form includes solid powder, molten
Body, liquids and gases, crosslinked group contained by least one plays chemical crosslinking effect；Described solid powder be metal-powder,
Metal-oxide powder, inorganic particle, Organic substance powder body, including iron powder, copper powder, argentum powder, bronze, aluminium powder, stainless steel powder, alloy
Powder, titanium dioxide powder, silicon-dioxide powdery, zirconium dioxide powder body, coupling agent powder body, quartz powder body, glass powder, ceramics
Body, Zinc oxide powder, stannum oxide powder body, sulfur powder, zinc sulfide, plastics powder body, polyester resin powder body, polyamide powder body, poly-
Allyl resin powder body, polycarbonate resin powder body, polyvinyl chloride resin powder body, powdered carbon, polyflon powder body, inclined fluorine second
Olefine resin powder body, chitosan powder body, starch powder, cellulose powder body, protein powder body, conductive powder body, montmorillonite powder body, swelling
Soil powder body, kieselguhr powder body, moisture absorption powder body, galvanomagnetic-effect powder body, fluorescent material powder body, antibiotic functional material powder body, suction wave energy
Material powder, ice feel well energy-absorbing function material powder, jade powder, function of molecular engram material powder, calcium stearate, zinc stearate,
Solid-Phase Extraction material powder, solid cross-linking agent powder body, metallo-organic compound, aluminum isopropylate., zinc acetate, titanium acetylacetone, nitrogen
Third pyridine class, multi-functional polycarbodiimide class cross-linking agent, the particle diameter of powder body is 50nm ~ 10um；Described melt is that Organic substance melts
Body, cross-linking agent melt, coupling agent melt, macromolecule melt, including polyester fondant, polyamide melt, melt polypropylene, in melt
High molecular molecular weight is 50 ~ 20000；Described liquid is Organic substance liquid, macromolecular liquid, cross-linking agent liquid, coupling agent
Liquid, polyisocyanates, tetraisocyanate, polynary amine, propane diamine, polyalcohols, trimethylolpropane, glycidyl ether,
Polypropylene glycol glycidyl ether, styrene, a-methyl styrene, Biformyl, silicone, tetraethyl orthosilicate, trimethoxy silicon
Alkane, benzenesulfonic acid class, p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid, paratoluensulfonyl chloride, esters of acrylic acid, Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, acrylic acid fourth
Ester, organic peroxide, cumyl peroxide, internal crosslinker, N hydroxymethyl acrylamide, N-[2-(2-methyl-4-oxopentyl), metatitanic acid
Ester coupling agent, silane coupler, aluminate coupling agent, zircoaluminate coupling agent, organic chromium coupling agent, described solution is high score
Sub-solution, cross-linking agent solution, coupling agent solution, including chitosan solution, cellulose solution, starch solution, acrylic acid solution, third
Acrylamide solution, polyethylenimine solution, maleic anhydride solution, poly, the concentration of solution is 5% ~ 30%；Described gas
Including steam, oxygen, nitrogen, helium, argon, ammonia, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide.
A kind of functional high molecule material preparation method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that institute in step (1)
The alternating electric field stated is direction of an electric field and the AC field that can vary in size, and electric field change frequency is 1 Hz ~ 60 Hz, and voltage is
0.5 ten thousand volts ~ 200,000 volts, control voltage swing and carry out the degree of depth of regulatory function corpuscle embedding macromolecular material substrate surface.
A kind of functional high molecule material preparation method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that institute in step (1)
It is 1 Hz ~ 60 Hz that the functional mass microgranule stated is ejected into the injection frequency of alternating electric field, injection frequency and electric field change frequency phase
With, emitted dose is 1 g/min ~ 200 g/min or 10 mL/min ~ 200mL/min, controls emitted dose regulatory function corpuscle
Arranging density at macromolecular material substrate surface.
A kind of functional high molecule material preparation method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that institute in step (3)
The softening stating macromolecular material base material is that macromolecular material base material is through being heated into melt or being dissolved into solution, solution through solvent
It is polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polrvinyl chloride, polyimides, polylactic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, politef, poly-second for base material
Alkene, polyformaldehyde, ABS, Merlon at least one；The solute of solution is acrylonitrile/butadiene copolymer, cellulose, fiber
Element vinegar ester, chitosan, collagen, gelatin, DNA, Fibrinogen, fibronectin, nylon, polyacrylonitrile, polychlorostyrene,
Polydimethylsiloxane, Polyetherimide, polyether sulfone, polyethyl acrylate, poly-ethylethylene vinegar ester, poly-(ethyl-co-ethylene
Ester), poly(ethylene oxide), polyethylene terephthalate, poly-(lactic co-glycolic), polyacrylate, polymethyl
Acid methyl ester, polymethylstyrene, poly styrene sulfonate, polystyrene sulfuryl fluoride, poly-(styrene-co-acrylonitrile), poly-(benzene
Ethylene-co-butylene), poly-(styrene-co-divinyl base benzene), polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polrvinyl chloride, poly-partially
Fluorothene, polyacrylamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, polyaniline, polybenzimidazoles, polycaprolactone, Merlon, polyether-ketone,
Polyethylene, polymine, polyimides, polyisoprene, polylactide, polypropylene, polystyrene, polysulfones, poly-amino first
Acetoacetic ester, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, protein, silkworm silk at least one.
A kind of functional high molecule material preparation method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that in step (3)
Extrusion molding is for being extruded into fiber, solid bar or hollow pipe.
A kind of functional high molecule material preparation method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that institute in step (6)
State chemical crosslinking the group for functional mass microgranule contained by and the group contained by macromolecular material base material pass through hydrogen bond, ionic bond,
The crosslinking that chemical combination key, conjugated double bond are formed.
A kind of functional high molecule material preparation method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that institute in step (7)
The cooling and solidifying stated is that cold air blows cold curing, and after stretching, cooling and solidifying blows cold curing with cold air again for first passing through stretching.
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Effective date of registration: 20180712 Address after: No. 22, Dongcheng village, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province Co-patentee after: Jiangmen city coifford nanometer Instrument Research Institute Co. Ltd. Patentee after: Wuyi University Address before: 529050 R, 2 building, 7 building, 10 Zhuang Zhuang Road West, Pengjiang District, Jiangmen, Guangdong. Patentee before: Jiangmen city coifford nanometer Instrument Research Institute Co. Ltd. |