CN106282792A - A kind of processing method of elevator safety gear voussoir - Google Patents
A kind of processing method of elevator safety gear voussoir Download PDFInfo
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- CN106282792A CN106282792A CN201610716968.3A CN201610716968A CN106282792A CN 106282792 A CN106282792 A CN 106282792A CN 201610716968 A CN201610716968 A CN 201610716968A CN 106282792 A CN106282792 A CN 106282792A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/68—Temporary coatings or embedding materials applied before or during heat treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/60—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using alkaline aqueous solutions with pH greater than 8
- C23C22/62—Treatment of iron or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
- C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2261/00—Machining or cutting being involved
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Abstract
The processing method that the invention provides a kind of elevator safety gear voussoir, step is: mild steel forges；Heat treatment；Milling Process shapes；Carburization Treatment；Laser surface hardening processes；Blackening process；Wherein, the mild steel used in step S1 includes element: carbon: 0.03 0.24%, manganese: 0.02 0.8%, silicon: 0.1 2.0%, niobium: 0.035 0.07%, titanium: 0.002 0.05%, boron: 0.01 0.1%, ferrum: 97.64 99.76%.Having the beneficial effects that of the processing method of a kind of elevator safety gear voussoir that the present invention provides: improve wedge case carbon, improve case hardness, improve surface abrasion resistance degree simultaneously, improve the friction pair coefficient between wedge and guide rail, improve toughness and the plasticity of core, make wedge not crush under high-pressure work state, improve the reliability of safety tongs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal parts manufacture field, particularly relate to a kind of a kind of elevator improving case hardness and wearability
The processing method of safety tongs voussoir.
Background technology
Safety tongs is one of safety component of elevator, and voussoir is then the vital part of safety tongs, is mainly used in more than 10T
Large-tonnage safety tongs.
The former technique of voussoir use 40Gr steel, machined shaping, more thermally treated quenching rear surface blackening process and
Become, because of its piece surface and core hardness close HRC45～50, in working order under by under more than 100KN positive pressure easily
Generation ruptures, and loses proper function.
The most also use 45# steel machined shaping voussoir, more thermally treated modifier treatment instead, hardness at HB195～
210, close with lift car riser guide hardness because of it, under the biggest normal pressure duty, the sliding-frictional resistance of generation
Very big, though stop out of control to car has very great help, but fricative temperature can reach more than 1,000 degree, can major injury
Voussoir and working face of guide rail, and once change guide rail, then can cause the loss of unit up to ten thousand.
Chinese patent CN102744576A discloses the processing method of elevator safety gear voussoir, it is characterised in that: use A3
After the forging of low-carbon (LC) high-quality structural steel, using 920 DEG C of temperature normalized treatment, then Milling Process shapes, then by the voussoir after shaping
At a temperature of 930 DEG C, carry out Carburization Treatment, then 780～800 DEG C of temperature conditions lower surface Quenching Treatment, finally carry out at blackout
Reason.Technical scheme disclosed in patent of the present invention obtains higher hardness, improves surface abrasion resistance degree, improves and guide rail surface
Between friction pay a coefficient, protect guide rail and reduce maintenance expense, simultaneously still maintain enough plasticity and toughness because of its heart portion so that
Voussoir, under high-pressure work state, does not crushes, and makes the function of safety tongs reliably be realized, thus improves large-tonnage elevator
Development space, but insufficient disclosure, therefore, the present invention has done further improvement in technical scheme disclosed above.
And for example a kind of Carburization Treatment method disclosed in Chinese patent CN102676983A, including: workpiece is placed in by step a)
In the carburizing medium of 900～980 DEG C, insulation, cooling；Workpiece after step a) is processed by step b) is placed in 900～980 DEG C ooze
In carbon medium, insulation, wherein carburizing medium is methanol and propane.But, use methanol and propane to use as carburizing medium, no
The most relatively costly, and safety coefficient is relatively low.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of one improving case hardness and wearability
The processing method of elevator safety gear voussoir.
The processing method of a kind of elevator safety gear voussoir of present disclosure, comprises the following steps:
S1: mild steel forges；
S2: heat treatment, crystallization of refinement tissue；
S3: Milling Process shapes；
S4: Carburization Treatment, increases carbon contents；
S5: laser surface hardening processes, and improves case hardness；
S6: blackening process, improves surface oxidation-resistant；
Wherein, the mild steel used in step S1 includes element: carbon: 0.03-0.24%, manganese: 0.02-0.8%, silicon:
0.1-2.0%, niobium: 0.035-0.07%, titanium: 0.002-0.05%, boron: 0.01-0.1%, ferrum: 97.64-99.76%.By
This, use the low charcoal steel of above-mentioned formulation ratio to prepare wedge as raw material forging, improve the toughness of wedge core and mould
Property, prevent voussoir broken under high-pressure work state, make the function of safety tongs reliably be realized.
In some embodiments, step S2 includes:
S20: be passed through inert protective gas in smelting furnace, discharges molten furnace air；
S21: the material after forging is inserted heat treated in smelting furnace, heats up with the speed of 45 DEG C-55 DEG C/h, makes temperature liter
To 200 DEG C-250 DEG C, it is incubated 0.5-1h；
S22: continue to heat up with the speed of 30 DEG C-50 DEG C/h, make temperature rise to 450 DEG C-500 DEG C, be incubated 1-2h；
S23: continue to heat up with the speed of 40 DEG C-55 DEG C/h, make temperature rise to 900 DEG C-940 DEG C, take out after insulation 6-7h；
S24: insert after taking-up in solution of sodium metasilicate through and be cooled to 350 DEG C-500 DEG C；
S25: again inserted by material in smelting furnace and heat, heats up with the speed of 20 DEG C-45 DEG C/h, make temperature rise to 450 DEG C-
Take out after 550 DEG C and naturally cool to 80 DEG C-100 DEG C.
Thus, the material obtained eliminates the inhomogeneities on material composition, crystal grain thinning, eliminates stress, makes tissue equal
Homogenize；Material surface non-oxidation and decarburization phenomenon.
In some embodiments, the concentration of solution of sodium metasilicate through is 0.3-0.6mol/L.Material is put in sodium metasilicate
After cooling, sodium metasilicate is heated and melts and be attached to material surface, it is to avoid the material surface oxidation after coming out of the stove and decarburization, is cooled to
When material after 350 DEG C-500 DEG C heats up in being placed again into smelting furnace, sodium metasilicate can combine with matrix, improves coarse-grain group
Knit.
In some embodiments, step S4 includes:
S41: mix with air in natural gas is passed through carbide feed generator；
S42: control in carbide feed generator temperature between 1000 DEG C-1050 DEG C, is simultaneously introduced nickel as catalyst, makes stove
Interior natural gas is cracked to form CO, H2、N2Mixed gas；
S43: the workpiece after step S3 Milling Process being shaped is inserted in finishing stove, and by CO, H2、N2Mixed gas is continuous
It is passed through in finishing stove, carries out Carburization Treatment.
In some embodiments, in step S41, natural gas is that 1:2.38-3 mixes with air according to volume ratio.
In some embodiments, step S43 includes:
S431: inserted by workpiece in finishing stove, heats up with the speed of 50 DEG C-100 DEG C/h, makes processing in-furnace temperature rise to
860-900 DEG C, during heating up, constantly it is passed through CO, H2、N2Mixed gas；
S432: controlling processing in-furnace temperature is between 870 DEG C-900 DEG C, oozes by force 3-5h, and is constantly passed through CO, H2、N2Mixing
Gas and natural gas；
S433: controlling processing in-furnace temperature is between 840 DEG C-870 DEG C, spreads 2-3h, and is constantly passed through CO, H2、N2Mixing
Gas and natural gas；
S434: reduce processing in-furnace temperature between 800 DEG C-840 DEG C, be constantly passed through CO, H during cooling2、N2
Mixed gas；
S435: controlling processing in-furnace temperature is between 800 DEG C-840 DEG C, is incubated 3-4h, and is constantly passed through CO, H2、N2Mixing
Gas and natural gas.
In some embodiments, in step S431, it is passed through CO, H2、N2The gaseous mixture scale of construction is 3-5m3/h；Step S432 and
In step S433, it is passed through CO, H2、N2The gaseous mixture scale of construction is 3-4.5m3/ h, being passed through amount of natural gas is 0.2-0.5m3/h；Step
In S434, it is passed through CO, H2、N2The gaseous mixture scale of construction is 2-3.5m3/h；In step S435, it is passed through CO, H2、N2The gaseous mixture scale of construction is 2-
5m3/ h, being passed through amount of natural gas is 0.2-0.3m3/h。
Thus, use natural gas as carburizing medium, not only reduce carburizing cost, and improve the peace of carburizing operation
Overall coefficient.
In some embodiments, step S5 includes:
S51: coat one layer of absorbing coating at surface of the work；
S52: under the protection of inert protective gas, uses CO2Laser scanning irradiation surface of the work.
In some embodiments, the formula of absorbing coating is:
Silicon dioxide: 10-15%
Ceria: 15-20%
Dehydrated alcohol: 35-40%
Sodium metasilicate: 10-15%
Sodium nitrite: 3-4%
Polyvinyl alcohol: 14-17%.
Thus, use laser quenching to process surface of the work, improve the coefficient of friction of surface of the work, improve wearability.
In some embodiments, step S6, specifically, be placed in workpiece leaching equipped with in the melanism groove of blackened solution, controls
In melanism groove, temperature is between 10-50 DEG C, and 8-10min is put in leaching, takes out and cleans.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the processing method of a kind of elevator safety gear voussoir that the present invention provides exists
In: improve wedge case carbon, improve case hardness, make case hardness reach HRC56-58, improve surface simultaneously
Abrasion resistance, improves the friction pair coefficient between wedge and guide rail；And core hardness controls at HRC22-26, improve core
Toughness and plasticity, make wedge not crush under high-pressure work state, improves the reliability of safety tongs.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that tool described herein
Body embodiment only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
The processing method that the present invention discloses a kind of elevator safety gear voussoir.
Comprise the following steps:
S1: use mild steel forging, wherein, in this embodiment of the present invention, the mild steel of use includes element:
Carbon: 0.03%, manganese: 0.8%, silicon: 0.1%, niobium: 0.07%, titanium: 0.002%, boron: 0.1%, ferrum: 98.898%, thus, adopts
Prepare wedge with the low charcoal steel of above-mentioned formulation ratio as raw material forging, improve toughness and the plasticity of wedge core, anti-
Only voussoir is broken under high-pressure work state, makes the function of safety tongs reliably be realized.
S2: send in smelting furnace and carry out heat treatment, crystallization of refinement tissue；
Concrete, including step:
S20: be passed through inert protective gas in smelting furnace, to discharge molten furnace air, as preferably, is passed through in smelting furnace
The argon that do not reacts with oxygen or nitrogen, as protective gas, discharge molten furnace air, as it is further preferred that at this
In this embodiment of invention, use argon to be passed through in smelting furnace as protective gas, prevent that heat treatment process occurring, oxidation is anti-
Should；
S21: the material after forging is inserted and carries out heat treated in smelting furnace, heat up with the speed of 45 DEG C/h, make temperature liter
After 200 DEG C, it is incubated 0.5h；
S22: continue to heat up with the speed of 30 DEG C/h, make temperature rise to 450 DEG C, be incubated 1；
S23: continue to heat up with the speed of 40 DEG C/h, make temperature rise to 900 DEG C, take out after insulation 6；
S24: insert after taking-up in the solution of sodium metasilicate through that concentration is 0.3mol/L and be cooled to 350 DEG C；
S25: again inserted by material in smelting furnace and heat, heats up with the speed of 20 DEG C/h, takes out after making temperature rise to 450 DEG C
Naturally cool to 80 DEG C.
Above-mentioned heat treatment process, interim intensification, insulation, the material obtained eliminates the inhomogeneities on material composition,
Crystal grain thinning, eliminates stress, makes microstructure homogenization；Material surface non-oxidation and decarburization phenomenon, improve case hardness；Meanwhile, will
Material is put in sodium metasilicate after cooling, and sodium metasilicate is heated and melts and be attached to material surface, it is to avoid the material list after coming out of the stove
Face oxidation and decarburization, improve case hardness further, meanwhile, when being cooled to heat up in the material after 350 DEG C is placed again into smelting furnace,
Sodium metasilicate can combine with matrix, improves open grain structure.
S3: Milling Process, forms wedge.
S4: surface of the work carries out Carburization Treatment, increases carbon contents, improves case hardness；
Concrete, comprise the following steps:
S41: mix with air in natural gas is passed through carbide feed generator, as preferably, natural gas and air are according to body
Long-pending ratio mixes for 1:2.38；
S42: control in carbide feed generator temperature between 1000 DEG C, is simultaneously introduced nickel as catalyst, natural in making stove
Gas generation cracking reaction:
CH2+ 2.38 air → CO+2H2+1.88N2
Generate CO, H2、N2Mixed gas；
S43: the workpiece after step S3 Milling Process being shaped is inserted in finishing stove, and by CO, H2、N2Mixed gas and sky
So gas is constantly passed through in finishing stove, carries out Carburization Treatment.
As preferably, in this embodiment of the present invention, finishing stove is continuous oven, including heating zone, Qiang Shen district, expansion
Dissipate district, cooling area and heat preservation zone, control the regulation of electromagnetic valve discontinuity by PLC and be passed through gas, control the intake of gas simultaneously.
Concrete, comprise the following steps:
S431: inserted by workpiece in finishing stove heating zone, in heating zone, the speed with 50 DEG C/h heats up, and makes temperature in finishing stove
Degree rises to 860 DEG C, is constantly passed through CO, H during heating up2、N2Mixed gas, and control to be passed through CO, H2、N2Mixed gas
Amount is 3m3/h；
S432: workpiece enters Qiang Shen district, and in control Qiang Shen district, temperature is between 870 DEG C, and is constantly passed through CO, H2、N2Mixing
Gas and natural gas, be passed through CO, H2、N2The gaseous mixture scale of construction is 3m3/ h, being passed through amount of natural gas is 0.2m3/h；Workpiece is in Qiang Shen district
Interior stop 3h；
S433: workpiece enters diffusion region, and in control diffusion region, temperature is between 840 DEG C, and is constantly passed through CO, H2、N2Mixing
Gas and natural gas, be passed through CO, H2、N2The gaseous mixture scale of construction is 3m3/ h, being passed through amount of natural gas is 0.2m3/ h, workpiece is in diffusion region
Interior stop 2h；
S434: workpiece enters cooling area, reduces processing in-furnace temperature, and making temperature in cooling area is between 800 DEG C, in cooling
During be constantly passed through CO, H2、N2Mixed gas, and it is passed through CO, H2、N2The gaseous mixture scale of construction is 2m3/h；
S435: workpiece enters heat preservation zone, and in control heat preservation zone, temperature is between 800 DEG C, and is constantly passed through CO, H2、N2Mixing
Gas and natural gas, be passed through CO, H2、N2The gaseous mixture scale of construction is 2m3/ h, being passed through amount of natural gas is 0.2m3/ h, workpiece is in heat preservation zone
Interior stop 3h.
Thus, in this embodiment of the present invention, use natural gas as carburizing medium, not only reduce carburizing
This, and improve the safety coefficient of carburizing operation.
S5: laser surface hardening processes, and improves case hardness；
Concrete, comprise the following steps:
S51: coat one layer of absorbing coating at surface of the work；
As preferably, in this embodiment of the present invention, the formula of absorbing coating is: silicon dioxide: 10%, dioxy
Change cerium: 20%, dehydrated alcohol: 35%, sodium metasilicate: 15%, sodium nitrite: 3%, polyvinyl alcohol: 17%.
As it is further preferred that the thickness of coating absorbed layer is 0.5mm；
S52: under the protection of inert protective gas, uses CO2Laser scanning irradiation surface of the work, as preferably,
In this embodiment of the present invention, use argon as protective gas, prevent surface of the work from aoxidizing.As it is further preferred that
By CO2Laser beam be perpendicular to surface of the work and along its long limit continuous zero overlap joint parallel sweep irradiation, wherein: CO2Laser scanning merit
Rate density: 2 × 104W/Cm2；Laser scanning speed: 6mm/s.
Thus, use laser quenching to process surface of the work, improve the coefficient of friction of surface of the work, improve wearability.
S6: blackening process, improves surface oxidation-resistant；Concrete, workpiece leaching is placed in the melanism groove equipped with blackened solution
In, in controlling melanism groove, temperature is between 10 DEG C, and 8min is put in leaching, takes out and cleans, obtains voussoir finished product.
As preferably, in this embodiment of the present invention, blackened solution includes: sodium hydroxide 20 parts, potassium peroxydisulfate
30 parts, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 20 parts, 6 parts of glacial acetic acid and water surplus.
Embodiment 2:
The processing method that the present invention discloses a kind of elevator safety gear voussoir.
Comprise the following steps:
S1: use mild steel forging, wherein, in this embodiment of the present invention, the mild steel of use includes element:
Carbon: 0.24%, manganese: 0.02%, silicon: 2.0%, niobium: 0.035%, titanium: 0.05%, boron: 0.01%, ferrum: 97.64%.
S2: send in smelting furnace and carry out heat treatment, crystallization of refinement tissue；
Concrete, including step:
S20: be passed through inert protective gas in smelting furnace, to discharge molten furnace air, as preferably, at this of the present invention
In embodiment, employ nitrogen as and be passed through in smelting furnace for protective gas, prevent from heat treatment process occurs oxidation reaction；
S21: the material after forging is inserted and carries out heat treated in smelting furnace, heat up with the speed of 55 DEG C/h, make temperature liter
After 250 DEG C, it is incubated 1h；
S22: continue to heat up with the speed of 50 DEG C/h, make temperature rise to 500 DEG C, be incubated 2h；
S23: continue to heat up with the speed of 55 DEG C/h, make temperature rise to 940 DEG C, take out after insulation 7h；
S24: insert after taking-up in the solution of sodium metasilicate through that concentration is 0.6mol/L and be cooled to 500 DEG C；
S25: again inserted by material in smelting furnace and heat, heats up with the speed of 45 DEG C/h, takes out after making temperature rise to 550 DEG C
Naturally cool to 100 DEG C.
S3: Milling Process, forms wedge；
S4: surface of the work carries out Carburization Treatment, increases carbon contents, improves case hardness；
Concrete, comprise the following steps:
S41: mix with air in natural gas is passed through carbide feed generator, as preferably, natural gas and air are according to body
Long-pending ratio mixes for 1:3；
S42: control in carbide feed generator temperature between 1050 DEG C, is simultaneously introduced nickel as catalyst, natural in making stove
Gas generation cracking reaction:
CH2+ 2.38 air → CO+2H2+1.88N2
Generate CO, H2、N2Mixed gas；
S43: the workpiece after step S3 Milling Process being shaped is inserted in finishing stove, and by CO, H2、N2Mixed gas and sky
So gas is constantly passed through in finishing stove, carries out Carburization Treatment.
As preferably, in this embodiment of the present invention, finishing stove is continuous oven, including heating zone, Qiang Shen district, expansion
Dissipate district, cooling area and heat preservation zone, control the regulation of electromagnetic valve discontinuity by PLC and be passed through gas, control the intake of gas simultaneously.
Concrete, comprise the following steps:
S431: inserted by workpiece in finishing stove heating zone, in heating zone, the speed with 100 DEG C/h heats up, in making finishing stove
Temperature rises to 900 DEG C, is constantly passed through CO, H during heating up2、N2Mixed gas, and control to be passed through CO, H2、N2Gaseous mixture
The scale of construction is 5m3/h；
S432: workpiece enters Qiang Shen district, and in control Qiang Shen district, temperature is between 900 DEG C, and is constantly passed through CO, H2、N2Mixing
Gas and natural gas, be passed through CO, H2、N2The gaseous mixture scale of construction is 4.5m3/ h, being passed through amount of natural gas is 0.5m3/h；Workpiece is oozing by force
5h is stopped in district；
S433: workpiece enters diffusion region, and in control diffusion region, temperature is between 870 DEG C, and is constantly passed through CO, H2、N2Mixing
Gas and natural gas, be passed through CO, H2、N2The gaseous mixture scale of construction is 4.5m3/ h, being passed through amount of natural gas is 0.5m3/ h, workpiece is in diffusion
3h is stopped in district；
S434: workpiece enters cooling area, reduces processing in-furnace temperature, and making temperature in cooling area is between 840 DEG C, in cooling
During be constantly passed through CO, H2、N2Mixed gas, and it is passed through CO, H2、N2The gaseous mixture scale of construction is 3.5m3/h；
S435: workpiece enters heat preservation zone, and in control heat preservation zone, temperature is between 840 DEG C, and is constantly passed through CO, H2、N2Mixing
Gas and natural gas, be passed through CO, H2、N2The gaseous mixture scale of construction is 5m3/ h, being passed through amount of natural gas is 0.3m3/ h, workpiece is in heat preservation zone
Interior stop 4h.
Thus, in this embodiment of the present invention, use natural gas as carburizing medium, not only reduce carburizing
This, and improve the safety coefficient of carburizing operation.
S5: laser surface hardening processes, and improves case hardness；
Concrete, comprise the following steps:
S51: coat one layer of absorbing coating at surface of the work；
As preferably, in this embodiment of the present invention, the formula of absorbing coating is: silicon dioxide: 15%, dioxy
Change cerium: 15%, dehydrated alcohol: 40%, sodium metasilicate: 10%, sodium nitrite: 4%, polyvinyl alcohol: 16%.
As it is further preferred that the thickness of coating absorbed layer is 0.5mm；
S52: under the protection of inert protective gas, uses CO2Laser scanning irradiation surface of the work, as preferably,
In this embodiment of the present invention, use argon as protective gas, prevent surface of the work from aoxidizing.As it is further preferred that
By CO2Laser beam be perpendicular to surface of the work and along its long limit continuous zero overlap joint parallel sweep irradiation, wherein: CO2Laser scanning merit
Rate density: 1.8 × 104W/Cm2；Laser scanning speed: 8mm/s.
Thus, use laser quenching to process surface of the work, improve the coefficient of friction of surface of the work, improve wearability.
S6: blackening process, improves surface oxidation-resistant；Concrete, workpiece leaching is placed in the melanism groove equipped with blackened solution
In, in controlling melanism groove, temperature is between 50 DEG C, and 10min is put in leaching, takes out and cleans, obtains voussoir finished product.
As preferably, in this embodiment of the present invention, blackened solution includes: sodium hydroxide 18 parts, potassium peroxydisulfate
28 parts, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 16 parts, 10 parts of glacial acetic acid and water surplus.
Embodiment 3:
The processing method that the present invention discloses a kind of elevator safety gear voussoir.
Comprise the following steps:
S1: use mild steel forging, wherein, in this embodiment of the present invention, the mild steel of use includes element:
Carbon: 0.15%, manganese: 0.4%, silicon: 1.0%, niobium: 0.04%, titanium: 0.02%, boron: 0.06%, ferrum: 98.33%.
S2: send in smelting furnace and carry out heat treatment, crystallization of refinement tissue；
Concrete, including step:
S20: be passed through inert protective gas in smelting furnace, to discharge molten furnace air, as preferably, at this of the present invention
In embodiment, use argon and nitrogen to be passed through in smelting furnace as protective gas according to the ratio mixed gas of 1.5:1, prevent heat
Processing procedure occurs oxidation reaction；
S21: the material after forging is inserted and carries out heat treated in smelting furnace, heat up with the speed of 50 DEG C/h, make temperature liter
After 220 DEG C, it is incubated 0.8h；
S22: continue to heat up with the speed of 40 DEG C/h, make temperature rise to 480 DEG C, be incubated 1.5h；
S23: continue to heat up with the speed of 50 DEG C/h, make temperature rise to 920 DEG C, take out after insulation 6.5h；
S24: insert after taking-up in the solution of sodium metasilicate through that concentration is 0.4mol/L and be cooled to 400 DEG C；
S25: again inserted by material in smelting furnace and heat, heats up with the speed of 35 DEG C/h, takes out after making temperature rise to 500 DEG C
Naturally cool to 90 DEG C.
S3: Milling Process, forms wedge；
S4: surface of the work carries out Carburization Treatment, increases carbon contents, improves case hardness；
Concrete, comprise the following steps:
S41: mix with air in natural gas is passed through carbide feed generator, as preferably, natural gas and air are according to body
Long-pending ratio mixes for 1:2.5；
S42: control in carbide feed generator temperature between 1025 DEG C, is simultaneously introduced nickel as catalyst, natural in making stove
Gas generation cracking reaction:
CH2+ 2.38 air → CO+2H2+1.88N2
Generate CO, H2、N2Mixed gas；
S43: the workpiece after step S3 Milling Process being shaped is inserted in finishing stove, and by CO, H2、N2Mixed gas and sky
So gas is constantly passed through in finishing stove, carries out Carburization Treatment.
As preferably, in this embodiment of the present invention, finishing stove is continuous oven, including heating zone, Qiang Shen district, expansion
Dissipate district, cooling area and heat preservation zone, control the regulation of electromagnetic valve discontinuity by PLC and be passed through gas, control the intake of gas simultaneously.
Concrete, comprise the following steps:
S431: inserted by workpiece in finishing stove heating zone, in heating zone, the speed with 75 DEG C/h heats up, and makes temperature in finishing stove
Degree rises to 880 DEG C, is constantly passed through CO, H during heating up2、N2Mixed gas, and control to be passed through CO, H2、N2Mixed gas
Amount is 4m3/h；
S432: workpiece enters Qiang Shen district, and in control Qiang Shen district, temperature is between 890 DEG C, and is constantly passed through CO, H2、N2Mixing
Gas and natural gas, be passed through CO, H2、N2The gaseous mixture scale of construction is 4m3/ h, being passed through amount of natural gas is 0.4m3/h；Workpiece is in Qiang Shen district
Interior stop 4h；
S433: workpiece enters diffusion region, and in control diffusion region, temperature is between 850 DEG C, and is constantly passed through CO, H2、N2Mixing
Gas and natural gas, be passed through CO, H2、N2The gaseous mixture scale of construction is 4m3/ h, being passed through amount of natural gas is 0.25m3/ h, workpiece is in diffusion region
Interior stop 2.5h；
S434: workpiece enters cooling area, reduces processing in-furnace temperature, and making temperature in cooling area is between 820 DEG C, in cooling
During be constantly passed through CO, H2、N2Mixed gas, and it is passed through CO, H2、N2The gaseous mixture scale of construction is 3m3/h；
S435: workpiece enters heat preservation zone, and in control heat preservation zone, temperature is between 830 DEG C, and is constantly passed through CO, H2、N2Mixing
Gas and natural gas, be passed through CO, H2、N2The gaseous mixture scale of construction is 2.5m3/ h, being passed through amount of natural gas is 0.25m3/ h, workpiece is in insulation
3.5h is stopped in district.
Thus, in this embodiment of the present invention, use natural gas as carburizing medium, not only reduce carburizing
This, and improve the safety coefficient of carburizing operation.
S5: laser surface hardening processes, and improves case hardness；
Concrete, comprise the following steps:
S51: coat one layer of absorbing coating at surface of the work；
As preferably, in this embodiment of the present invention, the formula of absorbing coating is: silicon dioxide: 13%, dioxy
Change cerium: 17%, dehydrated alcohol: 38%, sodium metasilicate: 13%, sodium nitrite: 3%, polyvinyl alcohol: 16%.
As it is further preferred that the thickness of coating absorbed layer is 0.8mm；
S52: under the protection of inert protective gas, uses CO2Laser scanning irradiation surface of the work, as preferably,
In this embodiment of the present invention, use argon as protective gas, prevent surface of the work from aoxidizing.As it is further preferred that
By CO2Laser beam be perpendicular to surface of the work and along its long limit continuous zero overlap joint parallel sweep irradiation, wherein: CO2Laser scanning merit
Rate density: 2.2 × 104W/Cm2；Laser scanning speed: 10mm/s.
Thus, use laser quenching to process surface of the work, improve the coefficient of friction of surface of the work, improve wearability.
S6: blackening process, improves surface oxidation-resistant；Concrete, workpiece leaching is placed in the melanism groove equipped with blackened solution
In, in controlling melanism groove, temperature is between 25 DEG C, and 9min is put in leaching, takes out and cleans, obtains voussoir finished product.
As preferably, in this embodiment of the present invention, blackened solution includes: sodium hydroxide 19 parts, potassium peroxydisulfate
29 parts, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 18 parts, 8 parts of glacial acetic acid and water surplus.
The performance test results of the voussoir that table 1 schematic form embodiment 1 to embodiment 3 prepares:
As can be seen from the above table, the voussoir performance in embodiment 3 is optimal.
Described above illustrate and describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention, as before, be to be understood that the present invention is not limited to
Form disclosed herein, is not to be taken as the eliminating to other embodiments, and can be used for other combinations various, amendment and ring
Border, and can be modified by above-mentioned teaching or the technology of association area or knowledge in invention contemplated scope herein.And this
Change that field personnel are carried out and change, the most all should be in claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
Protection domain in.
Claims (10)
1. the processing method of an elevator safety gear voussoir, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
S1: mild steel forges；
S2: heat treatment, crystallization of refinement tissue；
S3: Milling Process shapes；
S4: Carburization Treatment, increases carbon contents；
S5: laser surface hardening processes, and improves case hardness；
S6: blackening process, improves surface oxidation-resistant；
Wherein, the mild steel used in step S1 includes element: carbon: 0.03-0.24%, manganese: 0.02-0.8%, silicon: 0.1-
2.0%, niobium: 0.035-0.07%, titanium: 0.002-0.05%, boron: 0.01-0.1%, ferrum: 97.64-99.76%.
The processing method of a kind of elevator safety gear voussoir the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step S2 includes:
S20: be passed through inert protective gas in smelting furnace, discharges molten furnace air；
S21: the material after forging is inserted heat treated in smelting furnace, heats up with the speed of 45 DEG C-55 DEG C/h, makes temperature rise to
200 DEG C-250 DEG C, it is incubated 0.5-1h；
S22: continue to heat up with the speed of 30 DEG C-50 DEG C/h, make temperature rise to 450 DEG C-500 DEG C, be incubated 1-2h；
S23: continue to heat up with the speed of 40 DEG C-55 DEG C/h, make temperature rise to 900 DEG C-940 DEG C, take out after insulation 6-7h；
S24: insert after taking-up in solution of sodium metasilicate through and be cooled to 350 DEG C-500 DEG C；
S25: again inserted by material in smelting furnace and heat, heats up with the speed of 20 DEG C-45 DEG C/h, makes temperature rise to 450 DEG C-550
Take out after DEG C and naturally cool to 80 DEG C-100 DEG C.
The processing method of a kind of elevator safety gear voussoir the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described sodium metasilicate
The concentration of solution is 0.3-0.6mol/L.
The processing method of a kind of elevator safety gear voussoir the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step S4 includes:
S41: mix with air in natural gas is passed through carbide feed generator；
S42: control in carbide feed generator temperature between 1000 DEG C-1050 DEG C, is simultaneously introduced nickel as catalyst, makes sky in stove
So gas is cracked to form CO, H2、N2Mixed gas；
S43: the workpiece after step S3 Milling Process being shaped is inserted in finishing stove, and by CO, H2、N2Mixed gas is constantly passed through
In finishing stove, carry out Carburization Treatment.
The processing method of a kind of elevator safety gear voussoir the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in step S41, sky
So gas is that 1:2.38-3 mixes with air according to volume ratio.
The processing method of a kind of elevator safety gear voussoir the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that step S43 includes:
S431: inserted by workpiece in finishing stove, heats up with the speed of 50 DEG C-100 DEG C/h, makes processing in-furnace temperature rise to 860-
900 DEG C, during heating up, constantly it is passed through CO, H2、N2Mixed gas；
S432: controlling processing in-furnace temperature is between 870 DEG C-900 DEG C, oozes by force 3-5h, and is constantly passed through CO, H2、N2Mixed gas
And natural gas；
S433: controlling processing in-furnace temperature is between 840 DEG C-870 DEG C, spreads 2-3h, and is constantly passed through CO, H2、N2Mixed gas
And natural gas；
S434: reduce processing in-furnace temperature between 800 DEG C-840 DEG C, be constantly passed through CO, H during cooling2、N2Mixing
Gas；
S435: controlling processing in-furnace temperature is between 800 DEG C-840 DEG C, is incubated 3-4h, and is constantly passed through CO, H2、N2Mixed gas
And natural gas.
The processing method of a kind of elevator safety gear voussoir the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that in step S431,
It is passed through CO, H2、N2The gaseous mixture scale of construction is 3-5m3/h；In step S432 and step S433, it is passed through CO, H2、N2The gaseous mixture scale of construction is 3-
4.5m3/ h, being passed through amount of natural gas is 0.2-0.5m3/h；In step S434, it is passed through CO, H2、N2The gaseous mixture scale of construction is 2-3.5m3/h；
In step S435, it is passed through CO, H2、N2The gaseous mixture scale of construction is 2-5m3/ h, being passed through amount of natural gas is 0.2-0.3m3/h。
The processing method of a kind of elevator safety gear voussoir the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step S5 includes:
S51: coat one layer of absorbing coating at surface of the work；
S52: under the protection of inert protective gas, uses CO2Laser scanning irradiation surface of the work.
The processing method of a kind of elevator safety gear voussoir shown in the most according to Claim 8, it is characterised in that described absorbing coating
Formula be:
Silicon dioxide: 10-15%
Ceria: 15-20%
Dehydrated alcohol: 35-40%
Sodium metasilicate: 10-15%
Sodium nitrite: 3-4%
Polyvinyl alcohol: 14-17%.
10. according to the processing method of a kind of elevator safety gear voussoir shown in claim 1, it is characterised in that step S6 is concrete
For, workpiece leaching is placed in equipped with in the melanism groove of blackened solution, in controlling melanism groove, temperature is between 10-50 DEG C, and 8-is put in leaching
10min, takes out and cleans.
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| CN106276478A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-04 | 南通亨特电器有限公司 | A kind of elevator safety gear voussoir and processing method thereof |
| CN107746945A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-03-02 | 浙江跃进机械有限公司 | A kind of process of surface treatment of high rigidity motorcycle camshaft |
| CN109023132A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2018-12-18 | 镇江朝阳机电科技有限公司 | A kind of elevator safety gear voussoir and preparation method thereof |
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