CN106281509B - A kind of novel polyisobutylene amine and its synthetic method as gasoline cleaning agent - Google Patents

A kind of novel polyisobutylene amine and its synthetic method as gasoline cleaning agent Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106281509B
CN106281509B CN201610761445.0A CN201610761445A CN106281509B CN 106281509 B CN106281509 B CN 106281509B CN 201610761445 A CN201610761445 A CN 201610761445A CN 106281509 B CN106281509 B CN 106281509B
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polyisobutylene amine
cleaning agent
synthetic method
gasoline cleaning
gasoline
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CN106281509A (en
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熊靓
严斌
胡涛英
王小晨
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Guangchang Daxin Material Technology Service (shenzhen) Ltd By Share Ltd
Guangchang Wuhan Chemical Industry Co Ltd
Shenzhen Guangchangda Petroleum Additive Co Ltd
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Guangchang Daxin Material Technology Service (shenzhen) Ltd By Share Ltd
Guangchang Wuhan Chemical Industry Co Ltd
Shenzhen Guangchangda Petroleum Additive Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/236—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derivatives thereof
    • C10L1/2366—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derivatives thereof homo- or copolymers derived from unsaturated compounds containing amine groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
    • C08F8/30—Introducing nitrogen atoms or nitrogen-containing groups
    • C08F8/32—Introducing nitrogen atoms or nitrogen-containing groups by reaction with amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
    • C10L2230/22—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole for improving fuel economy or fuel efficiency
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2270/00—Specifically adapted fuels
    • C10L2270/02—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines
    • C10L2270/023—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines for gasoline engines

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of novel polyisobutylene amine and its synthetic method as gasoline cleaning agent, the polyisobutylene amine can be indicated by the following general formula：

Description

A kind of novel polyisobutylene amine and its synthetic method as gasoline cleaning agent
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of novel polyisobutylene amine and its synthetic method as gasoline cleaning agent belong to petrochemical industry neck Domain.
Background technology
Currently, olefin(e) centent is higher (olefin(e) centent is 30~50%) in China's motor petrol, sent out far above American-European-Japanese wait Up to national motor petrol standard.Since engine nozzle, air inlet valve position operating temperature are higher, the alkene (especially two in gasoline Alkene) etc. unstable components oxidation and condensation reaction easily occurs, and in the oil under the collective effect of other impurities, finally with The form of carbon distribution is deposited on engine key position.The presence of carbon distribution can cause gasoline combustion process to deteriorate, oil consumption increases, starts Acc power and performance decline, exhaust pollutant discharge increases, and are the major reasons that current domestic haze weather generates.It prevents The effective ways of carbon distribution are to add detersive in the oil.
Gasoline cleaning agent is a kind of surfactant of pbz polymer organic amine compound, can be aoxidizing shape in gasoline At potential deposit breakup or be solubilized into gasoline, prevent them from being deposited on the fuel nozzle of petrol engine, intake valve etc. Key position.For the deposit that these positions have been formed, detersive can strip down them from metal surface, point It dissipates, peptization is in gasoline, improvement automobile engine combustion system situation, hydro carbons, carbon monoxide in reduction motor vehicle exhaust emission Etc. harmful substances, to play reduce discharge, save maintenance cost and fuel-economizing positive effect.
Polyisobutylene amine is one of the gasoline cleaning agent developed in recent years, and this kind of detersive, which is added in gasoline, can not only control The generation of gasoline engine low-temperature components deposit processed, and to removing and inhibiting the high temperature site deposition object such as intake valve highly effective. Be added in gasoline, can inhibit to generate deposit inside fuel system and remove rapidly fuel system generated it is heavy Product object extends the defects liability period of fuel system so that it is guaranteed that engine power performance normally plays.
More to the study on the synthesis of polyisobutylene amine, United States Patent (USP) US4832702 high-activity polyisobutenes are big at 280 Catalytic carboxylation reaction is carried out under air pressure conditions and generates polyisobutene alcohol, and ammonolysis generates polyisobutene under 120 atmospheric pressure Amine.This method is simple for process, and product yield is high, but need to use high pressure reactor, and investment is larger.
United States Patent (USP) US5346965, US5508356 and the Dong Limei in China produce polyisobutylene amine using chloridising.It is first First polyisobutene leads to chlorine and carries out substitution reaction generation chlorination polyisobutene, and then aminolysis generates polyisobutylene amine.Using chlorination Method preparation polyisobutylene amine is simple for process, but inevitably remains a small amount of chlorine in the product, easily causes two to environment Secondary pollution.
United States Patent (USP) US5567845, US5124484 prepares polyisobutylene amine, production process using hydrogen formyl reaction In do not use the Cl being more toxic2, be also free of chlorine in product, but reaction needs noble metal to make catalyst and must be very high Pressure under could carry out, reaction system viscosity is very big, it is difficult to realize the regeneration of catalyst.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of simple production process, at low cost, pollutions Novel polyisobutylene amine gasoline cleaning agent small, using effect is good.
Polyisobutylene amine of the present invention can indicate by logical formula (II),
In formula (II), n=10~40；X is one kind in following groups：
—NH(CH2CH2NH)mH, m=0~2 or
—O(CH2CH2NH)m’H, m '=0~2 or
—N(CH2CH2NH2)2Or
—NHCH2CH2OH or
—N(CH2CH2OH)2Or
—NHCH(CH3) OH or
—NHCH(CH3)NH2Or
Polyisobutylene amine of the present invention is by high-activity polyisobutene and amido benzene through Friedel-Crafts alkylated reactions one Step synthesis, steps are as follows：
Amido benzene, high-activity polyisobutene and catalyst are pressed 0.8~1.2：0.8~1.2：0.1~0.3 molar ratio adds Enter into enamel reaction still, then add aromatic solvent, then use the air in nitrogen replacement reaction kettle, is warming up to 150~170 DEG C instead It answers 5~10 hours；It is cooled to room temperature after the completion of reaction, demulsifier is added, then neutralized with excess NaOH or KOH and be washed to pH= 8~10, anhydrous Na2SO4Dry, filtering, filtrate is through vacuum distillation removing solvent and other low-boiling-point substances up to polyisobutylene amine.
Reaction equation is as follows：
High-activity polyisobutene end amount vinyl content >=70%, molecular weight are 800~2000.
The amido benzene is indicated with logical formula (I)：
In formula, X is one kind in following groups：
—NH(CH2CH2NH)mH, m=0~2 or
—O(CH2CH2NH)m’H, m '=0~2 or
—N(CH2CH2NH2)2Or
—NHCH2CH2OH or
—N(CH2CH2OH)2Or
—NHCH(CH3) OH or
—NHCH(CH3)NH2Or
Further, preferred reactant molar ratio is amido benzene：High-activity polyisobutene：Catalyst=1：1：0.2.
Further, the catalyst is lewis acid or organic acid, preferably boron trifluoride ether or trifluoromethanesulfonic acid.
Further, the aromatic solvent is mixed trimethylbenzene or heavy aromatics, and dosage is the 2 of reactant amido benzene weight ~4 times.
Further, the reaction temperature is 150~170 DEG C, preferably 160 DEG C.
Further, the demulsifier is polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyethers or butanol, and dosage is reactant total weight 0.2~1.0%.
Further, the vacuum distillation condition is vacuum degree 0.1MPa, 80~120 DEG C of temperature.
The present invention has following substantive distinguishing features outstanding and marked improvement compared with prior art：
Polyisobutylene amine of the present invention is by high-activity polyisobutene and amido benzene through Friedel-Crafts alkylated reactions one Step synthesis, synthesis technology is simple, production cost is low, product yield high, and it is high to avoid traditional polyisobutylene amine production technology The use of pressure and precious metal catalyst is advantageously implemented large-scale production, reduces production cost, has good economic effect Benefit.
Polyisobutylene amine of the present invention is added in commercially available gasoline, can not only inhibit and clean automobile engine fuel oil into The atomizer of gas system, the carbon distribution of intake valve, and deposit when burning can also be significantly reduced, gasoline consumption is reduced, is extended Service life of aeroengine reduces motor vehicle exhaust emission, has important application value.With the continuous increasing of China's car ownership Long, people's awareness of saving energy enhancing and the attention to environmental protection, product of the present invention will have the wide market demand.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further detail by following embodiment, but the technology contents described in the present embodiment are illustrative, and It is not restrictive, protection scope of the present invention should not be limited to according to this.
Example 1
By 93 grams of aniline, 1000 grams of high-activity polyisobutenes (molecular weight 1000), 30 grams of boron trifluoride ether and 300 milliliters Mixed trimethylbenzene is added in enamel reaction still, with the air in nitrogen replacement reaction kettle, is warming up to 150 DEG C and is stirred 8 hours.Reaction It is cooled to room temperature after the completion, 8 grams of butanol is added, pH=8~10, anhydrous Na are neutralized and be washed to excessive NaOH2SO4It is dry, mistake Filter, filtrate decompression distillation removing solvent and other low-boiling-point substances obtain 1028 grams of product.
Example 2
By 137 grams of N- phenylethanol amines, 1000 grams of high-activity polyisobutenes (molecular weight 1000), 40 grams of boron trifluoride ether It is added in enamel reaction still with 450 milliliters of heavy aromatics, with the air in nitrogen replacement reaction kettle, is warming up to 170 DEG C of stirrings 10 Hour.It is cooled to room temperature after the completion of reaction, 15 grams of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyethers is added, is neutralized and is washed to excessive NaOH PH=8~10, anhydrous Na2SO4Dry, filtering, filtrate decompression distillation removing solvent and other low-boiling-point substances obtain 1095 grams of product.
Example 3
By 137 grams of N- phenylethylenediamines, 1000 grams of high-activity polyisobutenes (molecular weight 1000), 30 grams of boron trifluoride ether It is added in enamel reaction still with 350 milliliters of mixed trimethylbenzenes, with the air in nitrogen replacement reaction kettle, is warming up to 160 DEG C of stirrings 8 Hour.It is cooled to room temperature after the completion of reaction, 10 grams of butanol is added, pH=8~10 are neutralized and be washed to excessive KOH, it is anhydrous Na2SO4Dry, filtering, filtrate decompression distillation removing solvent and other low-boiling-point substances obtain 1082 grams of product.
Example 4
93 grams of aniline, 2000 grams of high-activity polyisobutenes (molecular weight 2000), 25 grams of trifluoromethanesulfonic acids and 500 milliliters are mixed Trimethylbenzene is added in enamel reaction still, with the air in nitrogen replacement reaction kettle, is warming up to 160 DEG C and is stirred 6 hours.It has reacted At postcoolings to room temperature, 10 grams of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyethers are added, pH=8~10 are neutralized and be washed to excessive NaOH, Anhydrous Na2SO4Dry, filtering, filtrate decompression distillation removing solvent and other low-boiling-point substances obtain 2034 grams of product.
Example 5
By 162 grams of N- phenyldiethanol-amines, 2000 grams of high-activity polyisobutenes (molecular weight 2000), 30 grams of trifluoromethanesulfonic acids It is added in enamel reaction still with 500 milliliters of mixed trimethylbenzenes, with the air in nitrogen replacement reaction kettle, is warming up to 160 DEG C of stirrings 8 Hour.It is cooled to room temperature after the completion of reaction, 6 grams of butanol is added, pH=8~10 are neutralized and be washed to excessive NaOH, it is anhydrous Na2SO4Dry, filtering, filtrate decompression distillation removing solvent and other low-boiling-point substances obtain 2087 grams of product.
Example 6
By 180 grams of N- phenylpiperazines, 1000 grams of high-activity polyisobutenes (molecular weight 1000), 40 grams of trifluoromethanesulfonic acids and 500 milliliters of mixed trimethylbenzenes are added in enamel reaction still, and with the air in nitrogen replacement reaction kettle, it is small to be warming up to 150 DEG C of stirrings 5 When.It is cooled to room temperature after the completion of reaction, 9 grams of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyethers is added, is neutralized with excessive NaOH and is washed to pH =8~10, anhydrous Na2SO4Dry, filtering, filtrate decompression distillation removing solvent and other low-boiling-point substances obtain 1057 grams of product.
7 performance test of example
Add dosage to be added in commercially available 92# gasoline by 300ppm 1~6 products obtained therefrom of examples detailed above, it is clear to carry out gasoline Net performance test, it is as a result as follows:
Polyisobutylene amine of the present invention can be by endoscopic visualisation to the cleaning effect of engine：It is first not used with endoscopic observation The inlet valve of automobile engine of detersive, the carbon deposit situation of atomizer and piston face, then fill and have added poly- isobutyl of the invention The gasoline of alkene carries out endoscopy again after gasoline is run through.As a result, it has been found that inlet valve, atomizer and piston face previously covered Carbon deposit largely fall off, and have apparent metallic luster, show detersive of the present invention to inlet valve of automobile engine, atomizer and Piston has good cleaning and clean-keeping function.
Saving energy test uses MA-2018 fuel consumption testers, by GB/T12545《Automotive fuel wastage test method》 It carries out, the results are shown in Table 1.Data show that rate of economizing gasoline is 1~3% in table, show that adding polyisobutylene amine of the present invention in the oil has Certain oil-saving effect.
Exhaust emission testing presses GB18352.3-2005《Light-duty vehicle pollutant emission limit and measurement method》It carries out, knot Fruit is shown in Table 1.After polyisobutylene amine of the present invention is added in data display in table, vehicle exhaust major pollutants index HC, CO, NOx is equal It decreased significantly, illustrate that polyisobutylene amine of the present invention can effectively control the discharge of automobile exhaust pollution object.
1 polyisobutylene amine gasoline detergent measure of merit of table
1 data of table also show the using effect that detersive of the present invention reaches even better than presently commercially available gasoline cleaning agent.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of synthetic method of the novel polyisobutylene amine as gasoline cleaning agent, which is characterized in that steps are as follows：
Amido benzene, high-activity polyisobutene and catalyst are pressed 0.8~1.2：0.8~1.2：0.1~0.3 molar ratio is added to In reaction kettle, then add aromatic solvent, then use the air in nitrogen replacement reaction kettle, is warming up to 150~170 DEG C of stirrings 5~10 Hour；It then cools to room temperature, demulsifier is added, then pH=8~10, anhydrous Na are neutralized and be washed to NaOH or KOH2SO4It is dry Dry, filtering, filtrate obtains polyisobutylene amine through vacuum distillation removing solvent and other low-boiling-point substances；
The catalyst is trifluoromethanesulfonic acid；
The amido benzene is indicated with logical formula (I)：
In formula, X is one kind in following groups：
—NH(CH2CH2NH)mH, m=0~2 or
—O(CH2CH2NH)m’H, m '=1 or 2 or
—N(CH2CH2NH2)2Or
—NHCH2CH2OH or
—N(CH2CH2OH)2Or
—NHCH(CH3) OH or
—NHCH(CH3)NH2Or
End amount vinyl content >=70% of the high-activity polyisobutene, molecular weight are 800~2000.
2. the synthetic method of the novel polyisobutylene amine according to claim 1 as gasoline cleaning agent, which is characterized in that Reactant molar ratio is amido benzene：High-activity polyisobutene：Catalyst=1：1：0.2.
3. the synthetic method of the novel polyisobutylene amine according to claim 1 as gasoline cleaning agent, which is characterized in that The aromatic solvent is mixed trimethylbenzene or heavy aromatics, and dosage is 2~4 times of amido benzene weight.
4. the synthetic method of the novel polyisobutylene amine according to claim 1 as gasoline cleaning agent, which is characterized in that The demulsifier is polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyethers or butanol, and dosage is the 0.2~1.0% of reactant total weight.
5. the synthetic method of the novel polyisobutylene amine according to claim 1 as gasoline cleaning agent, which is characterized in that The vacuum distillation condition is vacuum degree 0.1MPa, and temperature is 80~120 DEG C.
CN201610761445.0A 2016-08-30 2016-08-30 A kind of novel polyisobutylene amine and its synthetic method as gasoline cleaning agent Active CN106281509B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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DE10215108A1 (en) * 2002-04-05 2003-10-16 Basf Ag polyisobuteneamines
DE10314809A1 (en) * 2003-04-01 2004-10-14 Basf Ag Polyalkeneamines with improved application properties
CN101260329A (en) * 2008-04-18 2008-09-10 东南大学 Special-purpose polyisobutene amine for gasoline and diesel oil clean dispersing agent and preparation method thereof
CN101659717B (en) * 2009-09-18 2011-08-10 济南开发区星火科学技术研究院 Benzoyl polyisobutene amine for gasoline detergent and preparation method

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