CN106281383A - Fine coal fast pyrogenation and char Gasification combined unit and process thereof - Google Patents

Fine coal fast pyrogenation and char Gasification combined unit and process thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106281383A
CN106281383A CN201610858081.8A CN201610858081A CN106281383A CN 106281383 A CN106281383 A CN 106281383A CN 201610858081 A CN201610858081 A CN 201610858081A CN 106281383 A CN106281383 A CN 106281383A
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China
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fine coal
char gasification
semicoke
reactor
gasification
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尚柳彤
张纪疆
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/04Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of powdered coal
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B49/00Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
    • C10B49/02Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
    • C10B49/04Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated
    • C10B49/08Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated in dispersed form
    • C10B49/10Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated in dispersed form according to the "fluidised bed" technique
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C10B57/08Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
    • C10B57/10Drying
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20Apparatus; Plants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0943Coke

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of fine coal fast pyrogenation and char Gasification combined unit and process thereof, belong to pulverized coal pyrolysis technical field, provide a kind of pulverized coal pyrolysis and char Gasification synchronous operation, the thermal efficiency is high, equipment investment is few, run fine coal fast pyrogenation and char Gasification combined unit and the process thereof of safety and steady, the technical scheme used is that the bottom discharge mouth of fine coal surge bunker is connected with fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor, fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor is connected with char Gasification reactor, the pyrolysis coal gas that fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor produces carries out separating dedusting through multiple-stage separator;The dust separated enters ash can;The semicoke dust separated enters semicoke surge bunker, semicoke surge bunker is connected with char Gasification reactor, being provided with gasifying agent air inlet pipe on the fire grate of char Gasification reactor, the bottom slag notch of char Gasification reactor is provided with ash slag ladle, and the slag notch of ash slag ladle is provided with lag cooler;The present invention is widely used in pulverized coal pyrolysis.

Description

Fine coal fast pyrogenation and char Gasification combined unit and process thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fine coal fast pyrogenation and char Gasification combined unit and process thereof, belong to pulverized coal pyrolysis Technical field.
Background technology
The feature of China's energy resource structure is " rich coal, gas oil-poor, few ", and coal will be China within modern later period Main energy sources.The economic development in west area needs New Coal Chemical Industry to support.
During coal mining and following process, the particle diameter producing 40% is less than the fine coal of 10mm, this part coal mesh Front mainly as fuel use.Owing to not extracting from coal as the particularly useful chemical constituent such as phenol, naphthalene and coal tar Directly as fuel combustion, actually this is the waste of a kind of energy.
At present, serious haze and environmental protection requirement are also required to New Coal Chemical Industry and are capable of the comprehensive utilization of fine coal With.In terms of coal pyrolysis, ripe with block coal pyrolytic technique (such as coking) and be used widely.But low cost, Among eco-friendly pulverized coal pyrolysis technology is being researched and developed, such as: the U.S. exploitation COED technique, TOSCOAL technique, Garrett semicoke solid thermal carriers technique, the ETCH-175 technique of former Soviet Union's exploitation, the fast pyrolysis process of Japan's exploitation, Australia CSIR's O fast pyrolysis process of big Leah exploitation;The DG technique of Dalian University of Technology of China exploitation, China Coal Research Institute are opened Send out MRF technique, Xinjiang Kingho Group Hefeng Energy and Chemical Co., Ltd. exploitation KH technique and achieve industrialized Xi'an The external heat type rotary furnace technique of three auspicious Industrial Co., Ltd.s exploitation, the revolving bed pyrolysis work of Henan Longcheng Group Co., Ltd's exploitation Skill.In terms of coal gasification, ripe technology has fluidized gasification, entrained flow gasification, molten bath gasifica tion and coal water slurry gasification work Skill.
The fast pyrogenation of coal refers to that the rate of heat addition is 100~105DEG C/s, quickly heating pyrolysis is that in coal, Organic substance becomes Divide maximally effective utilization ways, have more 50% than the volatile material of slow heat pyrolysis gained, and the light component of coal tar is many. But how the semicoke generated in the pyrolysis and pyrolytic process of fine coal utilizes, it it is a difficult problem of current coal chemical technology.
Summary of the invention
For solving the technical problem that prior art exists, the invention provides a kind of pulverized coal pyrolysis and char Gasification synchronizes fortune OK, the thermal efficiency is high, equipment investment is few, runs fine coal fast pyrogenation and char Gasification combined unit and the technique side thereof of safety and steady Method.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is that fine coal fast pyrogenation combines dress with char Gasification Putting, including fine coal surge bunker and fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor, the bottom discharge mouth of described fine coal surge bunker is fed by fine coal Mechanism is connected with the bottom of fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor, the bottom of described fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor by riser with The top of char Gasification reactor is connected, and the pyrolysis coal gas that described fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor produces is through multiple-stage separator Carry out separating dedusting;The dust separated enters ash can;The semicoke dust separated enters semicoke surge bunker, described semicoke Surge bunker is connected with char Gasification reactor by semicoke charger, and the fire grate of described char Gasification reactor is provided with gas Agent air inlet pipe, the bottom slag notch of described char Gasification reactor is provided with ash slag ladle, and the slag notch of described ash slag ladle is arranged There is lag cooler.
Preferably, described multiple-stage separator includes primary cyclone, secondary cyclone and three being sequentially connected with Level cyclone separator, the bottom discharge mouth of described primary cyclone and secondary cyclone delays with semicoke through tremie pipe Rushing storehouse to be connected, the bottom discharge mouth of described three-stage cyclone separator is connected with ash can.
Preferably, described fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor is mainly by bottom breeze way, erect riser and top cushion section structure Become, described bottom breeze way is provided with gasification gas air inlet pipe and scum pipe, described erect riser is provided with feed pipe, institute It is provided with erosion-resistant refractory lining in stating fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor.
Fine coal fast pyrogenation and char Gasification combined technique, follow the steps below,
A, coal are broken into the particle diameter fine coal less than 10mm, and drying dehydration makes moisture be reduced to less than 2%, subsequently into former In material surge bunker, joining fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor by fine coal charger;
In b, fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor, fine coal presents under the high-temperature gasification coal gas effect coming from char Gasification reactor High velocity fluidization state also absorbs its heat and is pyrolyzed;
The semicoke that c, pyrolysis produce is carried by air-flow and sequentially enters primary cyclone, secondary cyclone and three grades of whirlwind Separator carries out dedusting, is converted into dust concentration less than 200mg/m after dedusting3, maximum particle diameter is less than the clean pyrolyzing coal of 20um Gas;The semicoke dust that cyclone separator reclaims falls in semicoke surge bunker, and the semicoke in semicoke surge bunker passes through semicoke charger Enter in char Gasification device;
D, enter into the generating gasification reaction under the effect of gasifying agent of the hot semicoke of char Gasification device and generate the height of 950~1050 DEG C Temperature gasification gas, high-temperature gasification coal gas enters the gasification gas air inlet pipe of fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor by riser, so Circulation, the lime-ash produced during char Gasification enters ash slag ladle bottom char Gasification device, discharges system after lag cooler cools down System.
Preferably, described coal is broken into particle diameter less than particle diameter in the fine coal of 10mm is that the fine coal content of 8-10mm is less than 10%。
Preferably, when described fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor is pyrolyzed, pyrolysis temperature 450~500 DEG C, synthesis pressure 0.70MPa~1.0MPa, pyrolysis time 5~10s, in pyrolytic process, the air velocity speed of reactor is 20~50m/s.
Preferably, when described char Gasification device carries out gasification reaction, char Gasification temperature 950~1050 DEG C, vapor pressure 0.70MPa~1.0MPa.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following technical effect that the present invention is based on air flow bed technology, original creation A kind of fine coal fast pyrogenation and char Gasification cooperation, this technique, with fine coal air flow bed fast pyrolysis reactor as core, is tied Close semicoke fluidized bed gasifying process, synchronize to realize the fast pyrogenation of fine coal and the gasification of semicoke, efficiently solve existing technique Process units is difficult to problems such as amplifying, heat transfer efficiency is low, equipment material requirement high, flow process is complicated, and has heat and mass efficiency High, equipment choice requirement is low, technological process is short, equipment is few and simple, production operation flexible, security reliability advantages of higher.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the technical problem to be solved, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearer, below tie Close drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Only should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein In order to explain the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, fine coal fast pyrogenation and char Gasification combined unit, fast including fine coal surge bunker 1 and fine coal Speed pyrolysis reactor 2, the bottom discharge mouth of fine coal surge bunker 1 is by fine coal charging mechanism 3 and fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor 2 Bottom is connected, and the bottom of fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor 2 is connected by the top of riser 4 with char Gasification reactor 5, The pyrolysis coal gas that fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor 2 produces carries out separating dedusting through multiple-stage separator;The dust separated enters Enter ash can 6;The semicoke dust separated enters semicoke surge bunker 7, and semicoke surge bunker 7 is by semicoke charger 8 and semicoke gas Change reactor 5 to be connected, the fire grate of char Gasification reactor 5 is provided with gasifying agent air inlet pipe 9, char Gasification reactor 5 Bottom slag notch is provided with ash slag ladle 10, and the slag notch of ash slag ladle 10 is provided with lag cooler 11.
Wherein, multiple-stage separator includes primary cyclone 12, secondary cyclone 13 and three grades being sequentially connected with Cyclone separator 14, the bottom discharge mouth of primary cyclone 12 and secondary cyclone 13 is through tremie pipe 15 and semicoke Surge bunker 7 is connected, and the bottom discharge mouth of three-stage cyclone separator 14 is connected with ash can 6.
Fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor 2 is mainly made up of bottom breeze way 16, erect riser 17 and top cushion section 18, the end It is provided with gasification gas air inlet pipe 19 and scum pipe 20 on portion's breeze way 16, erect riser 17 is provided with feed pipe 21, fine coal It is provided with erosion-resistant refractory lining in fast pyrolysis reactor 2.
In use, coal is broken into the particle diameter fine coal less than 10mm, and drying dehydration makes moisture be reduced to less than 2%, Subsequently in raw material surge bunker, joining fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor by fine coal charger;Char Gasification reactor Gasification gas entered the bottom breeze way of fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor by the riser of char Gasification reactor head, then Being upwardly in fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor, fine coal is broken up rapidly, is fluidized and form air flow bed by gasification gas;Fine coal is at gas Changing and the most quickly move under the effect of coal gas air-flow, in moving process, fine coal and gasification gas carry out mass-and heat-transfer and realize fast Speed pyrolysis, when being pyrolyzed, pyrolysis temperature 450~500 DEG C, synthesis pressure 0.70MPa~1.0MPa, pyrolysis time 5~ 10s, in pyrolytic process, the air velocity speed of reactor is 20~50m/s;The semicoke that pyrolysis produces is carried by air-flow and sequentially enters Primary cyclone, secondary cyclone and three-stage cyclone separator carry out dedusting, are converted into dust concentration little after dedusting In 200mg/m3, the maximum particle diameter clean pyrolysis coal gas less than 20um;Primary cyclone and secondary cyclone reclaim Semicoke dust entered in semicoke surge bunker by the bottom tremie pipe of primary cyclone and secondary cyclone.Semicoke Semicoke in surge bunker is entered in char Gasification device by semicoke charger;Enter into the hot semicoke of char Gasification device at gasifying agent Effect lower generating gasification reaction generate the high-temperature gasification coal gas of 950~1050 DEG C, high-temperature gasification coal gas is entered by riser The gasification gas air inlet pipe of fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor, so circulates, and the lime-ash produced during char Gasification is from semicoke gas Change and bottom device, enter ash slag ladle, after lag cooler cools down, discharge system.Wherein, gasifying agent is mainly oxygen and steam, semicoke gas When change device carries out gasification reaction, char Gasification temperature 950~1050 DEG C, vapor pressure 0.70MPa~1.0MPa.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention Any amendment, equivalent and the improvement etc. made within god and principle, all should wrap within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. fine coal fast pyrogenation and char Gasification combined unit, it is characterised in that: include fine coal surge bunker and fine coal fast pyrogenation Reactor, the bottom discharge mouth of described fine coal surge bunker is by the bottom phase of fine coal charging mechanism with fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor Connecting, the bottom of described fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor is connected by the top of riser with char Gasification reactor, described The pyrolysis coal gas that fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor produces carries out separating dedusting through multiple-stage separator;The dust separated enters Ash can;The semicoke dust separated enters semicoke surge bunker, and described semicoke surge bunker passes through semicoke charger and char Gasification Reactor is connected, and the fire grate of described char Gasification reactor is provided with gasifying agent air inlet pipe, described char Gasification reactor Bottom slag notch be provided with ash slag ladle, described ash slag ladle slag notch be provided with lag cooler.
Fine coal fast pyrogenation the most according to claim 1 and char Gasification combined unit, it is characterised in that: described many fraction Primary cyclone, secondary cyclone and the three-stage cyclone separator being sequentially connected with, described one cyclonic is included from device Separator is connected with semicoke surge bunker through tremie pipe with the bottom discharge mouth of secondary cyclone, and described three grades of whirlwind divide Bottom discharge mouth from device is connected with ash can.
Fine coal fast pyrogenation the most according to claim 1 and 2 and char Gasification combined unit, it is characterised in that: described powder Coal fast pyrolysis reactor is mainly made up of bottom breeze way, erect riser and top cushion section, and described bottom breeze way sets It is equipped with gasification gas air inlet pipe and scum pipe, described erect riser is provided with feed pipe, described fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor Inside it is provided with erosion-resistant refractory lining.
4. fine coal fast pyrogenation and char Gasification combined technique, it is characterised in that: follow the steps below,
A, coal are broken into the particle diameter fine coal less than 10mm, and drying dehydration makes moisture be reduced to less than 2%, subsequently into former In material surge bunker, joining fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor by fine coal charger;
In b, fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor, fine coal presents under the high-temperature gasification coal gas effect coming from char Gasification reactor High velocity fluidization state also absorbs its heat and is pyrolyzed;
The semicoke that c, pyrolysis produce is carried by air-flow and sequentially enters primary cyclone, secondary cyclone and three grades of whirlwind Separator carries out dedusting, is converted into dust concentration less than 200mg/m after dedusting3, maximum particle diameter is less than the clean pyrolyzing coal of 20um Gas;The semicoke dust that cyclone separator reclaims falls in semicoke surge bunker, and the semicoke in semicoke surge bunker passes through semicoke charger Enter in char Gasification device;
D, enter into the generating gasification reaction under the effect of gasifying agent of the hot semicoke of char Gasification device and generate the height of 950~1050 DEG C Temperature gasification gas, high-temperature gasification coal gas enters the gasification gas air inlet pipe of fine coal fast pyrolysis reactor by riser, so Circulation, the lime-ash produced during char Gasification enters ash slag ladle bottom char Gasification device, discharges system after lag cooler cools down System.
Fine coal fast pyrogenation the most according to claim 4 and char Gasification combined technique, it is characterised in that: described coal Charcoal is broken into the fine coal content that grain is 8-10mm and is less than 10%.
Fine coal fast pyrogenation the most according to claim 4 and char Gasification combined technique, it is characterised in that: described powder When coal fast pyrolysis reactor is pyrolyzed, when pyrolysis temperature 450~500 DEG C, synthesis pressure 0.70MPa~1.0MPa, pyrolysis Between 5~10s, in pyrolytic process, the air velocity speed of reactor is 20~50m/s.
Fine coal fast pyrogenation the most according to claim 4 and char Gasification combined technique, it is characterised in that: described half When coke gasification device carries out gasification reaction, char Gasification temperature 950~1050 DEG C, vapor pressure 0.70MPa~1.0MPa.
CN201610858081.8A 2016-09-28 2016-09-28 Fine coal fast pyrogenation and char Gasification combined unit and process thereof Pending CN106281383A (en)

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CN108102721A (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-06-01 胜帮科技股份有限公司 A kind of fine coal hydropyrolysis and gasification integral system and its processing method

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CN107151570A (en) * 2017-07-03 2017-09-12 山西新唐工程设计股份有限公司 Pulverized coal pyrolysis gas high-temperature dust removal device and its dust removal method
CN107541300A (en) * 2017-10-20 2018-01-05 北京神雾电力科技有限公司 A kind of coal grading conversion system and coal grading method for transformation
CN108102721A (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-06-01 胜帮科技股份有限公司 A kind of fine coal hydropyrolysis and gasification integral system and its processing method

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Application publication date: 20170104