CN106278767A - A kind of organic biofertilizer improving heavy metal in soil pollution - Google Patents
A kind of organic biofertilizer improving heavy metal in soil pollution Download PDFInfo
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- CN106278767A CN106278767A CN201610696054.5A CN201610696054A CN106278767A CN 106278767 A CN106278767 A CN 106278767A CN 201610696054 A CN201610696054 A CN 201610696054A CN 106278767 A CN106278767 A CN 106278767A
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- reaction
- soil
- heavy metal
- straw
- peplos
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
- C05G5/38—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings layered or coated with wax or resins
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of organic biofertilizer improving heavy metal in soil pollution, including the composition of following weight portion: improved plant straw, animal wastes, organic matter, humic acid, charcoal, modified starch, complex microorganism adsorbent, nitrobacteria inhibitor.The present invention processes by being modified straw, starch, improves it to the trapping of heavy metal in soil ion, absorbability；The harmful substance processed animal fresh excreta thus remove in feces, strengthens the feces nutritive effect to soil, reduces again the harmful substance secondary pollution to soil；Organic matter, humus, complex microorganism adsorbent all can increase the fertility of soil；The present invention uses nanotechnology treatments fertilizer, its effective nutritional labeling is made to be more easy to be absorbed by crops, alleviate the burden of soil, the present invention uses the mode that peplos produces simultaneously, efficient, slow release can be realized, increase the effect of soil microorganism flora, thus realize the purpose of new and effective organic biofertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, be specifically related to a kind of organic-biological improving heavy metal in soil pollution
Fertilizer.
Background technology
China is large agricultural country, and grain security is related to people's livelihood lifeblood, but recently as heavy metals exceeding standard crops
Recall rate is more and more higher, and heavy metal pollution of soil affects the diet life of the people increasingly severely, it was reported that China one
A little Soils In The Regions suffer the heavy metal pollution such as cadmium, lead, make growth crops thereon cadmium content exceed standard, except being derived from heavy chemical industry
Source of heavy metal pollution outside, in order to improve crops quantum of output, the use of fertilizer is essential, but the consumption of chemical fertilizer is excessive
And abuse causes heavy metal-polluted soil severe overweight, it is increasingly becoming " arch-criminal " causing agricultural product heavy metal pollution.Soil
Earth is heavy metal-polluted refers to that, due to mankind's activity, the content in soil of the minor metallic element in soil exceedes background value, excess
The too high levels deposited and cause.Heavy metal refers to that proportion equals to or more than the metal of 5.0, such as Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, Hg, Ni, Co
Deng.
Administering method currently for heavy metal pollution of soil mainly has peripheral doses technology to include soil removal and replacement, soil moved in improve the original, deep ploughing
Dig, elution method, heat treating process, electrolysis, chemical remediation technology include in soil throw in modifying agent Calx, zeolite, carbonic acid
Salts etc., also bioremediation technology includes phytoremediation technology, plant extract and the technology such as beneficiation technologies, phytovolatilization, logical
Crossing the metabolism of plant, absorption removes heavy metal in soil or makes Heavy Metals convert, thus purifying soil.Although
Therapeutic Method advantageously, but is inevitably present that adsorption effect is inconspicuous, control expense is high, operability is the strongest etc. and lacks
Point, no matter which kind of administering method, be the most also intended to realize the output of crops, and the use of chemical fertilizer is essential, therefore is administering
A kind of organic fertilizer ecological, efficient, free of contamination should be sought simultaneously, from root, solve the chemical fertilizer polluter to soil.
Summary of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that and be to provide a kind of organic bio-fertilizer being effectively improved heavy metal in soil pollution
Material.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of organic biofertilizer improving heavy metal in soil pollution, including the composition of following weight portion: modification is planted
Thing straw 23-57 part, animal wastes 21-53 part, organic 18-46 part, humic acid 15-40 part, charcoal 13-36 part, modification
Starch 12-35 part, complex microorganism adsorbent 9-30 part, nitrobacteria inhibitor 7-27 part.
Further, described improved plant straw is that straw is ground into fine slag, be added thereto to 3 times amount go from
Sub-water, is separately added into triethylene tetramine, TEPA reaction after stirring, its additional proportion with the mass ratio of straw fine slag is:
Reacting 2h at 0.4-0.7:0.35-0.55:2,40-60 DEG C so that it is produce aminating reaction, the straw obtaining modification processes
Thing, its polyethylene polyamine group connected modified straw formed has easily parsing, has well absorption to heavy metals such as cadmium, molybdenum, lead
Effect.
Further, described animal wastes are through special handling, to remove the harmful substance in feces, it is to avoid cause soil
Secondary pollution, its processing method is: collect the fresh animal feces of animal cultivation field, and the water dilution adding triplication after mixing is stirred
Mixing, add flocculant and carry out precipitation in mixed liquor, the response time is 4-7h, and reaction temperature is 35-55 DEG C, and reaction terminates
Rear mistake filters to remove precipitate, after feces liquid adds the water dilution of doubling dose, is 60-80%'s by the mass concentration of 8 times amount
Alcohol reflux 1.5h, adds microwave irradiation after reaction 1h, filters, gained filtrate is used chloroform eluting after decompression recycling ethanol
Rear dried, obtains required animal wastes processed material.
Further, described flocculant is to mix with the mass ratio of 5:3 for chitosan and polyacrylamide, and it adds
Entering amount is 2.5-3.5g/L, and flocculation rate is fast, easily filters, effective, can effectively remove the harmful substance in feces.
Further, described modified starch be Maninot esculenta crantz. and Rhizoma Solani tuber osi are carried out starch isolation respectively after mix with the ratio of 1.5:1
Close, in gained starch mixture, add deionized water, be adjusted to the solution that concentration is 0.3g/ml, be passed through nitrogen heating in water bath
To 70 DEG C, it is slowly added into glycidyl methacrylate again after the initiator of addition 0.5% and surfactant and is grafted
Reaction, then with the acetone extraction 20h that mass concentration is 55%, with diethylenetriamine with 2:1.5 after the crude product in removing reaction
Mass ratio mixing, at 60 DEG C react 2h carry out aminating reaction, gained reactant carries out vacuum drying treatment at 25 DEG C, to obtain final product
To described modified starch, after starch is carried out graft modification, obtain starch heavy metal chelate, coordination knot can be carried out with heavy metal
Close, improve the absorbability of its heavy metal.
Further, described complex microorganism adsorbent is with 2:3 by bacillus subtilis, promise card actinomycetes, trichoderma:
Cultivating 60h with yeast culture base after the ratio mixing of 1, then be centrifuged processing 2 times with the rotating speed of 6000r/min, gained is centrifuged
Thalline drying and processing after clear water eluting becomes composite bacterium powder, is described complex microorganism adsorbent, and microbial adsorbent is not
Only can utilize the metabolism of microorganism self that heavy metal in soil is adsorbed, it is also possible to activating soil, strengthen the battalion of soil
Support environment.
Further, described nitrobacteria inhibitor is sulfathiazole, dicyandiamide, thiourea-N-2,5-dichloro-benzenes succinyl
The mixture of one or more in amine, 4-amino-1,2,3-triazole hydrochlorate, guanyl thiourea, optionally suppresses soil
The activity of middle nitrobacteria, thus the slow soil ammonium-state of resistance is converted into the response speed of nitrate nitrogen.
The preparation method of a kind of organic biofertilizer improving heavy metal in soil pollution is:
(1) straw is ground into fine slag, is added thereto to the deionized water of 3 times amount, after stirring, be separately added into three second
Alkene tetramine, TEPA react, and its additional proportion with the mass ratio of straw fine slag is: 0.4-0.7:0.35-0.55:2,40-
React 2h at 60 DEG C so that it is produce aminating reaction, obtain the straw processed material of modification, weigh described weight portion, standby；
(2) collect the fresh animal feces of animal cultivation field, add the water dilution stirring of triplication after mixing, to mixed liquor
Middle addition flocculant carries out precipitation, and the response time is 4-7h, and reaction temperature is 35-55 DEG C, and reaction is crossed after terminating and filtered to remove
Precipitate, after feces liquid adds the water dilution of doubling dose, carries with the alcohol reflux that mass concentration is 60-80% of 8 times amount
Take 1.5h, add microwave irradiation after reaction 1h, filter after decompression recycling ethanol, by gained filtrate with being dried place after chloroform eluting
Reason, obtains required animal wastes processed material, weighs described weight portion, standby；
(3) after Maninot esculenta crantz. and Rhizoma Solani tuber osi carry out starch isolation respectively, the ratio with 1.5:1 mixes, in gained starch mixture
Add deionized water, be adjusted to the solution that concentration is 0.3g/ml, be passed through nitrogen heating in water bath to 70 DEG C, add the initiation of 0.5%
It is slowly added into glycidyl methacrylate after agent and surfactant again and carries out graft reaction, then be 55% by mass concentration
Acetone extraction 20h, remove reaction in crude product after mix with the mass ratio of 2:1.5 with diethylenetriamine, at 60 DEG C reaction
2h carries out aminating reaction, and gained reactant carries out vacuum drying treatment at 25 DEG C, i.e. obtains described modified starch, weighs described
Weight portion, standby；
(4) train with yeast culture base after bacillus subtilis, promise card actinomycetes, trichoderma being mixed with the ratio of 2:3:1
Supporting 60h, then be centrifuged processing 2 times with the rotating speed of 6000r/min, gained is centrifuged thalline drying and processing after clear water eluting and becomes
Composite bacterium powder, is described complex microorganism adsorbent, weighs described weight portion, standby；
(5) receive with biology after the improved plant straw of described weight portion, animal wastes, charcoal, modified starch mixing
Mixture is processed into nanoscale molecular state by rice technology, is placed in coating machine and adds nitrobacteria inhibitor, spraying with peplos
Rifle sprays peplos agent and carries out peplos for the first time, adds institute after forming one layer of uniform film to coated granule outer layer again in coating machine
State the organic matter of weight portion, humic acid, complex microorganism adsorbent, spray peplos agent with peplos spray gun and carry out second time peplos,
Aeration-drying, to the second tunic after granule outer layer is uniformly distributed, sieves, encapsulation, obtains described one and can improve in soil
The organic biofertilizer of heavy metal pollution.
Further, described peplos agent is coated with resin agent, and coated with resin agent, can by macromolecule resin polymerization film formation
Degraded, has no side effect, and it can make fertilizer efficiency be released slowly into outside film, thus reduces the volatilization of nutrient, loss, and to environment and
The pollution of subsoil water, more conducively environmental protection.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention, by being modified processing to straw, starch, improves it to soil
The trapping of middle heavy metal ion, absorbability, be effectively improved the content distribution of heavy metal in soil；Animal fresh excreta is carried out
Process thus remove the harmful substance in feces, the feces nutritive effect to soil can be strengthened, harmful substance pair can be reduced again
The secondary pollution of soil；Organic matter, humus, complex microorganism adsorbent all can increase the fertility of soil, and will not be as chemistry
The phenomenons such as fertilizer causes soil fertility to weaken along with the increase of usage amount, soil compaction；The present invention uses nanotechnology treatments
Fertilizer so that it is effectively nutritional labeling is more easy to be absorbed by crops, alleviates the burden of soil, and the present invention uses peplos to produce simultaneously
Mode, can realize efficiently, slow release, increase the effect of soil microorganism flora, thus realize new and effective organic biofertilizer
Purpose.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1:
A kind of organic biofertilizer improving heavy metal in soil pollution, including the composition of following weight portion: modification is planted
Thing straw 23 parts, animal wastes 21 parts, organic 18 parts, humic acid 15 parts, charcoal 13 parts, modified starch 12 parts, compound micro-
Biological adsorption agent 9 parts, nitrobacteria inhibitor 7 parts.
Wherein, described improved plant straw is that straw is ground into fine slag, is added thereto to the deionization of 3 times amount
Water, is separately added into triethylene tetramine, TEPA reaction after stirring, its additional proportion with the mass ratio of straw fine slag is:
0.4:0.35:2, reacts 2h so that it is produce aminating reaction, obtains the straw processed material of modification at 40 DEG C, its formation is many
The modified straw of ethylene polyamine group has easily parsing, and the heavy metals such as cadmium, molybdenum, lead are had good adsorption；Described animal
Feces is through special handling, and to remove the harmful substance in feces, it is to avoid cause soil secondary pollution, its processing method is: receive
The fresh animal feces of Ji Dongwuyangzhichang, adds the water dilution stirring of triplication, adds flocculant in mixed liquor after mixing
Carrying out precipitation, the response time is 4h, and reaction temperature is 35 DEG C, and reaction is crossed after terminating and filtered to remove precipitate, by feces liquid again
After adding the water dilution of doubling dose, with the alcohol reflux 1.5h that mass concentration is 60% of 8 times amount, add in a subtle way after reaction 1h
Ripple irradiates, and filters after decompression recycling ethanol, by gained filtrate by dried after chloroform eluting, obtains required animal wastes and processes
Thing；Described flocculant mixes with the mass ratio of 5:3 for chitosan and polyacrylamide, and its addition is 2.5g/L,
Flocculation rate is fast, easily filters, effective, can effectively remove the harmful substance in feces；Described modified starch is by Maninot esculenta crantz. and soil
Bean mixes with the ratio of 1.5:1 after carrying out starch isolation respectively, adds deionized water, be adjusted to dense in gained starch mixture
The solution that degree is 0.3g/ml, is passed through nitrogen heating in water bath to 70 DEG C, the slowest after the initiator of addition 0.5% and surfactant
The slow glycidyl methacrylate that adds carries out graft reaction, then with the acetone extraction 20h that mass concentration is 55%, removes anti-
Mixing with the mass ratio of 2:1.5 with diethylenetriamine after crude product in Ying, react 2h and carry out aminating reaction at 60 DEG C, gained is anti-
Answer thing to carry out vacuum drying treatment at 25 DEG C, i.e. obtain described modified starch, after starch is carried out graft modification, obtain starch
Heavy metal chelate, can carry out coordination with heavy metal and combine, improve the absorbability of its heavy metal；Described complex microorganism
Adsorbent is to cultivate with yeast culture base after the ratio mixing of 2:3:1 by bacillus subtilis, promise card actinomycetes, trichoderma
60h, then be centrifuged processing 2 times with the rotating speed of 6000r/min, gained is centrifuged thalline drying and processing after clear water eluting and becomes multiple
Closing mycopowder, be described complex microorganism adsorbent, microbial adsorbent is possible not only to utilize the metabolism of microorganism self to soil
In earth, heavy metal is adsorbed, it is also possible to activating soil, strengthens the nutrient environment of soil；Described nitrobacteria inhibitor is sulfanilamide
Thiazole, dicyandiamide, thiourea-N-2, in 5-dichloro-benzenes succinamide, 4-amino-1,2,3-triazole hydrochlorate, guanyl thiourea
Kind or several mixture, the optionally activity of nitrobacteria in suppression soil, thus the slow soil ammonium-state of resistance converts
Response speed for nitrate nitrogen；Described peplos agent is coated with resin agent, coated with resin agent by macromolecule resin polymerization film formation,
Degradable, has no side effect, and it can make fertilizer efficiency be released slowly into outside film, thus reduces the volatilization of nutrient, loss, and to environment
With the pollution of subsoil water, more conducively environmental protection.
The preparation method of a kind of organic biofertilizer improving heavy metal in soil pollution is:
(1) straw is ground into fine slag, is added thereto to the deionized water of 3 times amount, after stirring, be separately added into three second
Alkene tetramine, TEPA react, and its additional proportion with the mass ratio of straw fine slag is: 0.4:0.35:2, react 2h at 40 DEG C,
Make it produce aminating reaction, obtain the straw processed material of modification, weigh described weight portion, standby；
(2) collect the fresh animal feces of animal cultivation field, add the water dilution stirring of triplication after mixing, to mixed liquor
Middle addition flocculant carries out precipitation, and the response time is 4h, and reaction temperature is 35 DEG C, and reaction is crossed after terminating and filtered to remove precipitation
Thing, after feces liquid is added the water dilution of doubling dose, with the alcohol reflux 1.5h that mass concentration is 60% of 8 times amount,
Add microwave irradiation after reaction 1h, filter after decompression recycling ethanol, by gained filtrate by dried after chloroform eluting, obtain institute
Need animal wastes processed material, weigh described weight portion, standby；
(3) after Maninot esculenta crantz. and Rhizoma Solani tuber osi carry out starch isolation respectively, the ratio with 1.5:1 mixes, in gained starch mixture
Add deionized water, be adjusted to the solution that concentration is 0.3g/ml, be passed through nitrogen heating in water bath to 70 DEG C, add the initiation of 0.5%
It is slowly added into glycidyl methacrylate after agent and surfactant again and carries out graft reaction, then be 55% by mass concentration
Acetone extraction 20h, remove reaction in crude product after mix with the mass ratio of 2:1.5 with diethylenetriamine, at 60 DEG C reaction
2h carries out aminating reaction, and gained reactant carries out vacuum drying treatment at 25 DEG C, i.e. obtains described modified starch, weighs described
Weight portion, standby；
(4) train with yeast culture base after bacillus subtilis, promise card actinomycetes, trichoderma being mixed with the ratio of 2:3:1
Supporting 60h, then be centrifuged processing 2 times with the rotating speed of 6000r/min, gained is centrifuged thalline drying and processing after clear water eluting and becomes
Composite bacterium powder, is described complex microorganism adsorbent, weighs described weight portion, standby；
(5) receive with biology after the improved plant straw of described weight portion, animal wastes, charcoal, modified starch mixing
Mixture is processed into nanoscale molecular state by rice technology, is placed in coating machine and adds nitrobacteria inhibitor, spraying with peplos
Rifle sprays peplos agent and carries out peplos for the first time, adds institute after forming one layer of uniform film to coated granule outer layer again in coating machine
State the organic matter of weight portion, humic acid, complex microorganism adsorbent, spray peplos agent with peplos spray gun and carry out second time peplos,
Aeration-drying, to the second tunic after granule outer layer is uniformly distributed, sieves, encapsulation, obtains described one and can improve in soil
The organic biofertilizer of heavy metal pollution.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of organic biofertilizer improving heavy metal in soil pollution, including the composition of following weight portion: modification is planted
Thing straw 40 parts, animal wastes 37 parts, organic 32 parts, humic acid 27.5 parts, charcoal 19.5 parts, modified starch 23.5 parts,
Complex microorganism adsorbent 19.5 parts, nitrobacteria inhibitor 17 parts.
Wherein, described improved plant straw is that straw is ground into fine slag, is added thereto to the deionization of 3 times amount
Water, is separately added into triethylene tetramine, TEPA reaction after stirring, its additional proportion with the mass ratio of straw fine slag is:
0.55:0.45:2, react 2h at 50 DEG C so that it is produce aminating reaction, obtain the straw processed material of modification, it is formed
Polyethylene polyamine group connected modified straw has easily parsing, and the heavy metals such as cadmium, molybdenum, lead are had good adsorption；Described dynamic
Thing feces is through special handling, and to remove the harmful substance in feces, it is to avoid cause soil secondary pollution, its processing method is:
Collect the fresh animal feces of animal cultivation field, add the water dilution stirring of triplication after mixing, in mixed liquor, add flocculation
Agent carries out precipitation, and the response time is 5.5h, and reaction temperature is 45 DEG C, and reaction is crossed after terminating and filtered to remove precipitate, by feces
After liquid adds the water dilution of doubling dose, with the alcohol reflux 1.5h that mass concentration is 70% of 8 times amount, add after reaction 1h
Enter microwave irradiation, filter after decompression recycling ethanol, by gained filtrate by dried after chloroform eluting, obtain required animal wastes
Processed material；Described flocculant mixes with the mass ratio of 5:3 for chitosan and polyacrylamide, and its addition is 3g/
L, flocculation rate is fast, easily filters, effective, can effectively remove the harmful substance in feces；Described modified starch be by Maninot esculenta crantz. and
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi mixes with the ratio of 1.5:1 after carrying out starch isolation respectively, adds deionized water, be adjusted in gained starch mixture
Concentration is the solution of 0.3g/ml, is passed through nitrogen heating in water bath to 70 DEG C, after the initiator of addition 0.5% and surfactant again
It is slowly added into glycidyl methacrylate and carries out graft reaction, then with the acetone extraction 20h that mass concentration is 55%, remove
Mix with the mass ratio of 2:1.5 with diethylenetriamine after crude product in reaction, react 2h at 60 DEG C and carry out aminating reaction, gained
Reactant carries out vacuum drying treatment at 25 DEG C, i.e. obtains described modified starch, is formed sediment after starch is carried out graft modification
Grain weight metallo-chelate, can carry out coordination with heavy metal and combine, improve the absorbability of its heavy metal；Described composite microbial
Thing adsorbent is to cultivate with yeast culture base after the ratio mixing of 2:3:1 by bacillus subtilis, promise card actinomycetes, trichoderma
60h, then be centrifuged processing 2 times with the rotating speed of 6000r/min, gained is centrifuged thalline drying and processing after clear water eluting and becomes multiple
Closing mycopowder, be described complex microorganism adsorbent, microbial adsorbent is possible not only to utilize the metabolism of microorganism self to soil
In earth, heavy metal is adsorbed, it is also possible to activating soil, strengthens the nutrient environment of soil；Described nitrobacteria inhibitor is sulfanilamide
Thiazole, dicyandiamide, thiourea-N-2, in 5-dichloro-benzenes succinamide, 4-amino-1,2,3-triazole hydrochlorate, guanyl thiourea
Kind or several mixture, the optionally activity of nitrobacteria in suppression soil, thus the slow soil ammonium-state of resistance converts
Response speed for nitrate nitrogen；Described peplos agent is coated with resin agent, coated with resin agent by macromolecule resin polymerization film formation,
Degradable, has no side effect, and it can make fertilizer efficiency be released slowly into outside film, thus reduces the volatilization of nutrient, loss, and to environment
With the pollution of subsoil water, more conducively environmental protection.
The preparation method of a kind of organic biofertilizer improving heavy metal in soil pollution is:
(1) straw is ground into fine slag, is added thereto to the deionized water of 3 times amount, after stirring, be separately added into three second
Alkene tetramine, TEPA react, and its additional proportion with the mass ratio of straw fine slag is: 0.55:0.45:2, react at 50 DEG C
2h so that it is produce aminating reaction, obtains the straw processed material of modification, weighs described weight portion, standby；
(2) collect the fresh animal feces of animal cultivation field, add the water dilution stirring of triplication after mixing, to mixed liquor
Middle addition flocculant carries out precipitation, and the response time is 5.5h, and reaction temperature is 45 DEG C, and reaction is crossed after terminating and filtered to remove precipitation
Thing, after feces liquid is added the water dilution of doubling dose, with the alcohol reflux 1.5h that mass concentration is 70% of 8 times amount,
Add microwave irradiation after reaction 1h, filter after decompression recycling ethanol, by gained filtrate by dried after chloroform eluting, obtain institute
Need animal wastes processed material, weigh described weight portion, standby；
(3) after Maninot esculenta crantz. and Rhizoma Solani tuber osi carry out starch isolation respectively, the ratio with 1.5:1 mixes, in gained starch mixture
Add deionized water, be adjusted to the solution that concentration is 0.3g/ml, be passed through nitrogen heating in water bath to 70 DEG C, add the initiation of 0.5%
It is slowly added into glycidyl methacrylate after agent and surfactant again and carries out graft reaction, then be 55% by mass concentration
Acetone extraction 20h, remove reaction in crude product after mix with the mass ratio of 2:1.5 with diethylenetriamine, at 60 DEG C reaction
2h carries out aminating reaction, and gained reactant carries out vacuum drying treatment at 25 DEG C, i.e. obtains described modified starch, weighs described
Weight portion, standby；
(4) train with yeast culture base after bacillus subtilis, promise card actinomycetes, trichoderma being mixed with the ratio of 2:3:1
Supporting 60h, then be centrifuged processing 2 times with the rotating speed of 6000r/min, gained is centrifuged thalline drying and processing after clear water eluting and becomes
Composite bacterium powder, is described complex microorganism adsorbent, weighs described weight portion, standby；
(5) receive with biology after the improved plant straw of described weight portion, animal wastes, charcoal, modified starch mixing
Mixture is processed into nanoscale molecular state by rice technology, is placed in coating machine and adds nitrobacteria inhibitor, spraying with peplos
Rifle sprays peplos agent and carries out peplos for the first time, adds institute after forming one layer of uniform film to coated granule outer layer again in coating machine
State the organic matter of weight portion, humic acid, complex microorganism adsorbent, spray peplos agent with peplos spray gun and carry out second time peplos,
Aeration-drying, to the second tunic after granule outer layer is uniformly distributed, sieves, encapsulation, obtains described one and can improve in soil
The organic biofertilizer of heavy metal pollution.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of organic biofertilizer improving heavy metal in soil pollution, including the composition of following weight portion: modification is planted
Thing straw 57 parts, animal wastes 53 parts, organic 46 parts, humic acid 40 parts, charcoal 36 parts, modified starch 35 parts, compound micro-
Biological adsorption agent 30 parts, nitrobacteria inhibitor 27 parts.
Wherein, described improved plant straw is that straw is ground into fine slag, is added thereto to the deionization of 3 times amount
Water, is separately added into triethylene tetramine, TEPA reaction after stirring, its additional proportion with the mass ratio of straw fine slag is:
0.7:0.55:2, reacts 2h so that it is produce aminating reaction, obtains the straw processed material of modification at 60 DEG C, its formation is many
The modified straw of ethylene polyamine group has easily parsing, and the heavy metals such as cadmium, molybdenum, lead are had good adsorption；Described animal
Feces is through special handling, and to remove the harmful substance in feces, it is to avoid cause soil secondary pollution, its processing method is: receive
The fresh animal feces of Ji Dongwuyangzhichang, adds the water dilution stirring of triplication, adds flocculant in mixed liquor after mixing
Carrying out precipitation, the response time is 7h, and reaction temperature is 55 DEG C, and reaction is crossed after terminating and filtered to remove precipitate, by feces liquid again
After adding the water dilution of doubling dose, with the alcohol reflux 1.5h that mass concentration is 80% of 8 times amount, add in a subtle way after reaction 1h
Ripple irradiates, and filters after decompression recycling ethanol, by gained filtrate by dried after chloroform eluting, obtains required animal wastes and processes
Thing；Described flocculant mixes with the mass ratio of 5:3 for chitosan and polyacrylamide, and its addition is 3.5g/L,
Flocculation rate is fast, easily filters, effective, can effectively remove the harmful substance in feces；Described modified starch is by Maninot esculenta crantz. and soil
Bean mixes with the ratio of 1.5:1 after carrying out starch isolation respectively, adds deionized water, be adjusted to dense in gained starch mixture
The solution that degree is 0.3g/ml, is passed through nitrogen heating in water bath to 70 DEG C, the slowest after the initiator of addition 0.5% and surfactant
The slow glycidyl methacrylate that adds carries out graft reaction, then with the acetone extraction 20h that mass concentration is 55%, removes anti-
Mixing with the mass ratio of 2:1.5 with diethylenetriamine after crude product in Ying, react 2h and carry out aminating reaction at 60 DEG C, gained is anti-
Answer thing to carry out vacuum drying treatment at 25 DEG C, i.e. obtain described modified starch, after starch is carried out graft modification, obtain starch
Heavy metal chelate, can carry out coordination with heavy metal and combine, improve the absorbability of its heavy metal；Described complex microorganism
Adsorbent is to cultivate with yeast culture base after the ratio mixing of 2:3:1 by bacillus subtilis, promise card actinomycetes, trichoderma
60h, then be centrifuged processing 2 times with the rotating speed of 6000r/min, gained is centrifuged thalline drying and processing after clear water eluting and becomes multiple
Closing mycopowder, be described complex microorganism adsorbent, microbial adsorbent is possible not only to utilize the metabolism of microorganism self to soil
In earth, heavy metal is adsorbed, it is also possible to activating soil, strengthens the nutrient environment of soil；Described nitrobacteria inhibitor is sulfanilamide
Thiazole, dicyandiamide, thiourea-N-2, in 5-dichloro-benzenes succinamide, 4-amino-1,2,3-triazole hydrochlorate, guanyl thiourea
Kind or several mixture, the optionally activity of nitrobacteria in suppression soil, thus the slow soil ammonium-state of resistance converts
Response speed for nitrate nitrogen；Described peplos agent is coated with resin agent, coated with resin agent by macromolecule resin polymerization film formation,
Degradable, has no side effect, and it can make fertilizer efficiency be released slowly into outside film, thus reduces the volatilization of nutrient, loss, and to environment
With the pollution of subsoil water, more conducively environmental protection.
The preparation method of a kind of organic biofertilizer improving heavy metal in soil pollution is:
(1) straw is ground into fine slag, is added thereto to the deionized water of 3 times amount, after stirring, be separately added into three second
Alkene tetramine, TEPA react, and its additional proportion with the mass ratio of straw fine slag is: 0.7:0.55:2, react 2h at 60 DEG C,
Make it produce aminating reaction, obtain the straw processed material of modification, weigh described weight portion, standby；
(2) collect the fresh animal feces of animal cultivation field, add the water dilution stirring of triplication after mixing, to mixed liquor
Middle addition flocculant carries out precipitation, and the response time is 7h, and reaction temperature is 55 DEG C, and reaction is crossed after terminating and filtered to remove precipitation
Thing, after feces liquid is added the water dilution of doubling dose, with the alcohol reflux 1.5h that mass concentration is 80% of 8 times amount,
Add microwave irradiation after reaction 1h, filter after decompression recycling ethanol, by gained filtrate by dried after chloroform eluting, obtain institute
Need animal wastes processed material, weigh described weight portion, standby；
(3) after Maninot esculenta crantz. and Rhizoma Solani tuber osi carry out starch isolation respectively, the ratio with 1.5:1 mixes, in gained starch mixture
Add deionized water, be adjusted to the solution that concentration is 0.3g/ml, be passed through nitrogen heating in water bath to 70 DEG C, add the initiation of 0.5%
It is slowly added into glycidyl methacrylate after agent and surfactant again and carries out graft reaction, then be 55% by mass concentration
Acetone extraction 20h, remove reaction in crude product after mix with the mass ratio of 2:1.5 with diethylenetriamine, at 60 DEG C reaction
2h carries out aminating reaction, and gained reactant carries out vacuum drying treatment at 25 DEG C, i.e. obtains described modified starch, weighs described
Weight portion, standby；
(4) train with yeast culture base after bacillus subtilis, promise card actinomycetes, trichoderma being mixed with the ratio of 2:3:1
Supporting 60h, then be centrifuged processing 2 times with the rotating speed of 6000r/min, gained is centrifuged thalline drying and processing after clear water eluting and becomes
Composite bacterium powder, is described complex microorganism adsorbent, weighs described weight portion, standby；
(5) receive with biology after the improved plant straw of described weight portion, animal wastes, charcoal, modified starch mixing
Mixture is processed into nanoscale molecular state by rice technology, is placed in coating machine and adds nitrobacteria inhibitor, spraying with peplos
Rifle sprays peplos agent and carries out peplos for the first time, adds institute after forming one layer of uniform film to coated granule outer layer again in coating machine
State the organic matter of weight portion, humic acid, complex microorganism adsorbent, spray peplos agent with peplos spray gun and carry out second time peplos,
Aeration-drying, to the second tunic after granule outer layer is uniformly distributed, sieves, encapsulation, obtains described one and can improve in soil
The organic biofertilizer of heavy metal pollution.
Last it is noted that above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme, it is not intended to limit；Although
With reference to previous embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that: it still may be used
So that the technical scheme described in previous embodiment to be modified, or wherein portion of techniques feature is carried out equivalent；And
These amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from spirit and the model of embodiment of the present invention technical scheme
Enclose.
Claims (9)
1. one kind can be improved the organic biofertilizer that heavy metal in soil pollutes, it is characterised in that include the one-tenth of following weight portion
Point: improved plant straw 23-57 part, animal wastes 21-53 part, organic 18-46 part, humic acid 15-40 part, charcoal 13-
36 parts, modified starch 12-35 part, complex microorganism adsorbent 9-30 part, nitrobacteria inhibitor 7-27 part.
A kind of organic biofertilizer material improving heavy metal in soil pollution the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In, described improved plant straw is that straw is ground into fine slag, is added thereto to the deionized water of 3 times amount, divides after stirring
Not adding triethylene tetramine, TEPA reaction, its additional proportion with the mass ratio of straw fine slag is: 0.4-0.7:0.35-
React 2h at 0.55:2,40-60 DEG C so that it is produce aminating reaction, obtain the straw processed material of modification.
A kind of organic biofertilizer improving heavy metal in soil pollution the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described animal wastes through special handling, its processing method are: collect the fresh animal feces of animal cultivation field, add after mixing
The water dilution stirring of triplication, adds flocculant in mixed liquor and carries out precipitation, and the response time is 4-7h, and reaction temperature is
35-55 DEG C, reaction is crossed after terminating and is filtered to remove precipitate, after feces liquid adds the water dilution of doubling dose, by the quality of 8 times amount
Concentration is the alcohol reflux 1.5h of 60-80%, adds microwave irradiation, filter, by institute after decompression recycling ethanol after reaction 1h
Filtrate by dried after chloroform eluting, obtain required animal wastes processed material.
A kind of organic biofertilizer improving heavy metal in soil pollution the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that
Described flocculant mixes with the mass ratio of 5:3 for chitosan and polyacrylamide, and its addition is 2.5-3.5g/L.
A kind of organic biofertilizer improving heavy metal in soil pollution the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described modified starch is that ratio Maninot esculenta crantz. and Rhizoma Solani tuber osi carried out respectively after starch isolation with 1.5:1 mixes, and mixes to gained starch
Thing adds deionized water, is adjusted to the solution that concentration is 0.3g/ml, be passed through nitrogen heating in water bath to 70 DEG C, add 0.5%
It is slowly added into glycidyl methacrylate after initiator and surfactant again and carries out graft reaction, then by mass concentration be
The acetone extraction 20h of 55%, mixes with the mass ratio of 2:1.5 with diethylenetriamine, at 60 DEG C after removing the crude product in reaction
Reaction 2h carries out aminating reaction, and gained reactant carries out vacuum drying treatment at 25 DEG C, i.e. obtains described modified starch.
6. according to a kind of organic biofertilizer improving heavy metal in soil pollution described in claims 1, its feature
Being, described complex microorganism adsorbent is bacillus subtilis, promise card actinomycetes, trichoderma to be mixed with the ratio of 2:3:1
Cultivating 60h with yeast culture base afterwards, then be centrifuged processing 2 times with the rotating speed of 6000r/min, gained is centrifuged thalline and washes through clear water
After Tuo, drying and processing becomes composite bacterium powder, is described complex microorganism adsorbent.
A kind of organic biofertilizer improving heavy metal in soil pollution the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described nitrobacteria inhibitor is sulfathiazole, dicyandiamide, thiourea-N-2,5-dichloro-benzenes succinamide, 4-amino-1,2,3-tri-
The mixture of one or more in triazole hydrochloride, guanyl thiourea.
8. a kind of organic biofertilizer improving heavy metal in soil pollution described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described
The preparation method of organic biofertilizer is:
(1) straw is ground into fine slag, is added thereto to the deionized water of 3 times amount, after stirring, be separately added into triethylene four
Amine, TEPA react, and its additional proportion with the mass ratio of straw fine slag is: 0.4-0.7:0.35-0.55:2,40-60 DEG C
Lower reaction 2h so that it is produce aminating reaction, obtains the straw processed material of modification, weighs described weight portion, standby；
(2) collect the fresh animal feces of animal cultivation field, add the water dilution stirring of triplication after mixing, add in mixed liquor
Entering flocculant and carry out precipitation, the response time is 4-7h, and reaction temperature is 35-55 DEG C, and reaction is crossed after terminating and filtered to remove precipitation
Thing, after feces liquid adds the water dilution of doubling dose, with the alcohol reflux that mass concentration is 60-80% of 8 times amount
1.5h, adds microwave irradiation after reaction 1h, filters after decompression recycling ethanol, by gained filtrate by dried after chloroform eluting,
Obtain required animal wastes processed material, weigh described weight portion, standby；
(3) after Maninot esculenta crantz. and Rhizoma Solani tuber osi carry out starch isolation respectively, the ratio with 1.5:1 mixes, and adds in gained starch mixture
Deionized water, is adjusted to the solution that concentration is 0.3g/ml, is passed through nitrogen heating in water bath to 70 DEG C, add 0.5% initiator and
It is slowly added into glycidyl methacrylate after surfactant again and carries out graft reaction, then be the third of 55% by mass concentration
Ketone extracting 20h, mixes with the mass ratio of 2:1.5 with diethylenetriamine after removing the crude product in reaction, reacts 2h and enter at 60 DEG C
Row aminating reaction, gained reactant carries out vacuum drying treatment at 25 DEG C, i.e. obtains described modified starch, weighs described weight
Part, standby；
(4) cultivate with yeast culture base after bacillus subtilis, promise card actinomycetes, trichoderma being mixed with the ratio of 2:3:1
60h, then be centrifuged processing 2 times with the rotating speed of 6000r/min, gained is centrifuged thalline drying and processing after clear water eluting and becomes multiple
Close mycopowder, be described complex microorganism adsorbent, weigh described weight portion, standby；
(5) after the improved plant straw of described weight portion, animal wastes, charcoal, modified starch mixing, biological nano skill is used
Mixture is processed into nanoscale molecular state by art, is placed in coating machine and adds nitrobacteria inhibitor, sprays with peplos spray gun
Spill peplos agent and carry out peplos for the first time, add described heavy after forming one layer of uniform film to coated granule outer layer again in coating machine
The amount organic matter of part, humic acid, complex microorganism adsorbent, spray peplos agent with peplos spray gun and carry out second time peplos, ventilate
It is dried, to the second tunic after granule outer layer is uniformly distributed, sieves, encapsulation, obtain described one and can improve a huge sum of money in soil
Belong to the organic biofertilizer polluted.
9. according to a kind of organic biofertilizer improving heavy metal in soil pollution described in claim 8, it is characterised in that institute
Stating peplos agent is coated with resin agent.
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| CN108033814A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-15 | 青岛农业大学 | One kind cuts down content of beary metal composite passivant and application in Swine manure |
| CN109730088A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-10 | 江苏大学 | A kind of improvement stony desertification ground microorganism formulation of plant growth and preparation method thereof |
| CN109836226A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2019-06-04 | 陈燕蓉 | A kind of charcoal base potato Slow release special fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN110204397A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-09-06 | 浙江大学 | A kind of dedicated sheep dung organic fertilizer of rice |
| CN113349015A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-07 | 贵州师范大学 | Preparation method of composition for ecological restoration |
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| CN109836226A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2019-06-04 | 陈燕蓉 | A kind of charcoal base potato Slow release special fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108033814A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-15 | 青岛农业大学 | One kind cuts down content of beary metal composite passivant and application in Swine manure |
| CN109730088A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-10 | 江苏大学 | A kind of improvement stony desertification ground microorganism formulation of plant growth and preparation method thereof |
| CN110204397A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-09-06 | 浙江大学 | A kind of dedicated sheep dung organic fertilizer of rice |
| CN113511926A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-10-19 | 新至农业生态科技有限公司 | Method for comprehensively utilizing livestock and poultry manure resources and returning to field |
| CN113349015A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-07 | 贵州师范大学 | Preparation method of composition for ecological restoration |
| CN114057356A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-02-18 | 福建省环境保护设计院有限公司 | Device for treating industrial wastewater by biotechnology and membrane technology and treatment method thereof |
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| CN114057528A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-02-18 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Soil conditioner for targeting control of nitrogen conversion microorganism function and application method |
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