CN106271664A - Medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block cracking process equipment and processing method - Google Patents
Medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block cracking process equipment and processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106271664A CN106271664A CN201610902256.0A CN201610902256A CN106271664A CN 106271664 A CN106271664 A CN 106271664A CN 201610902256 A CN201610902256 A CN 201610902256A CN 106271664 A CN106271664 A CN 106271664A
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- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/04—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass for both machining and other metal-working operations
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Abstract
The invention provides medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block cracking process equipment and processing method, determined moment of torsion assemble mechanism formed by support, Working gantry, housing detent mechanism, cracking mechanism, back pressure mechanism and bolt.Housing detent mechanism is positioned at support one end, is used for positioning workpiece to be added；Back pressure mechanism is placed on above workpiece to be added, to implement back pressure；Decomposing machine is set up above support, for implementing cracking processing to for workpiece；Bolt is determined moment of torsion assemble mechanism and is set up in parallel with back pressure mechanism, installs for being resetted by the workpiece after cracking.Medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block cracking process equipment of the present invention can be directly realized by the cracking of bearing block and bearing cap to assembling, the most existing cracking apparatus exists the factor of these restriction batch productions such as the assembly after utilizing miscellaneous equipment or manually cracking, reset, upper bolt, this equipment has been truly realized the cracking assembling integration of main reducing gear bearing block, clears away the obstacles for realizing batch production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to auto parts and components processing technique field, be specifically related to medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block and split
Solve process equipment and processing method.
Background technology
The Main Function of medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell is to support driving and driven bevel gear so that it is accurately engage, and in work
Keep reliable, stable during work.And the correct engagement of gear, with crudy and the assembling of gear, bevel housing
Rigidity, the support stiffness of gear is closely related.For ensureing behavior in service and the service life of gear, therefore it is required that support gear
Bearing block and bearing cap high positioning precision when assembling.Bevel housing bearing block is by two groups of bearing blocks and bearing cap
Composition.Traditional processing scheme is parts processing, i.e. the bearing block foundry goods of a global formation (bearing block and the reducer shell be)
With bearing cap cast form respectively, the most respectively bearing block, bearing cap and the two faying face are carried out milling and grinding,
Distinguish processing bolt hole simultaneously.Tradition machining needs more finish machining equipment (especially the adding of bearing seat and lid faying face
Work needs more finish machining equipment), complex procedures, take time and effort, equipment investment and production cost are big, and percent defective is high.
Even if additionally the composition surface of decelerator bearing seat and lid processes the most accurate, bearing cap is accurately positioned, and also cannot be completely eliminated
The micro-displacement that gear runs the axial force and radial force brought and makes it produce.
On the basis of above-mentioned traditional bevel housing processing method, create again a kind of new processing mode-split
Solve process technology.Bevel housing bearing block cracking process technology is first to shape in one piece casting and subtract through semi-finished master
Speed both sides, device housing dead eye center processing initial crack groove, then applies to be perpendicular to bearing saddle bore on cracking special equipment
The direct stress of crackle groove, it is achieved bearing cap separates with the cracking of bevel housing bearing block；Recycling cracking face is indenting
Feature, will cracking separate after bearing cap accurately reset with bearing block, and by bolt by reset bearing cap and bearing block
Installation is tightened；Finally carry out the subsequent fine processing of bevel housing dead eye.Relative to tradition machining mode, cracking processing
Mode eliminate most important bearing block and the polish of bearing cap faying face and part following process in tradition processing mode (as
The roughing of bearing saddle bore), save quite a few finish machining equipment, reduce manufacturing procedure；Cracking processing simultaneously is originally
One overall reducer shaft bearing, after cracking subdivision, the split surface of bearing block and bearing cap defines 3-D in convex-shaped surface
State, can carry out at a fully engaged assembling, and effective gear, low shift runs the axial force brought and radial force is small without producing
Displacement.
Number of patent application is " engine crankcase bearing block splitting working method and the device " of 200410010822.4
Use high-pressure hose hydroforming method, it is achieved bearing cap separates with the fracture of housing bearing seat.In order to reach preferably to split
Solving effect, the high-pressure hose employed in this technical scheme is by the multiple structure such as rubber, synthetic fibers, and to hose expansion
Rate, dilation dimension also require, and the external hydraulic cylinder of need is to provide the bulbs of pressure, additionally, hydraulic buckling cracking adds equipment
Unstability, as there is rupturing the fault of leakage pressure, maintenance difficulty will be increased.
Existing similar cracking apparatus only completes the operation of cracking substantially, completes the assembled reseting procedure needs after cracking
Other equipment complete, or carries out by hand, virtually improve processing cost, be unfavorable for bevel housing processing one
Change.
Summary of the invention
For technical problem present in above-mentioned prior art, the invention provides a kind of medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell
Bearing block cracking process equipment and processing method, it is achieved that centering heavy goods vehicles bevel housing bearing block accurate, stable, high
The cracking processing of effect, in conjunction with Figure of description, technical scheme is as follows:
Medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block cracking process equipment, by support 22, Working gantry 23, housing localization machine
Structure A, cracking mechanism B, back pressure mechanism C composition, also include that moment of torsion assemble mechanism D determined by bolt；
Working gantry 23 is arranged on one end of support 22, and housing detent mechanism A is arranged on relative with Working gantry 23 position
Support 22 one end answered, cracking mechanism B is arranged on the top of support 22, back pressure mechanism C and bolt along the length direction of support 22
Determine moment of torsion assemble mechanism D to be disposed in parallel in above Working gantry 23；
Described housing detent mechanism A is by cracking workbench 2, housing positional cylinder 3, worktable lifting leading screw 1 and location
Pushing screw rod forms；The feed screw nut of worktable lifting leading screw 1 is fixing with cracking workbench 2 to be connected, and bevel housing 4 is placed in
On cracking workbench 2, housing positional cylinder 3 Master cylinder body is fixed on cracking workbench 2, the tailpiece of the piston rod of housing positional cylinder 3
Portion and bevel housing 4 are by the upper and lower location and installation of alignment pin；Location pushing bolt is from side, by bevel housing 4
Side boss face from inside to outside is pressed on the medial surface of cracking workbench 2, it is achieved left and right positions；
Described cracking mechanism B passes through hydraulic oil cylinder driving, it is achieved sliding on support 22, and by the level of swollen disconnected pull bar is transported
The dynamic vertical motion being converted into matched wedge block, carries out the bearing block of bevel housing 4 swollen fracture and solves；
Described back pressure mechanism C and bolt are determined moment of torsion assemble mechanism D and are all arranged on Working gantry by horizontal linear guide rail 14
On the entablature of 23, horizontal linear guide rail 14 is vertically arranged with cracking line slideway direction, and moment of torsion dress determined by back pressure mechanism C and bolt
Fitting mechanism D is slidably connected with horizontal linear guide rail 14 by the second slide block and the 3rd slide block respectively, and back pressure mechanism C turns round surely with bolt
Connected by one piece of rigid plate between square assemble mechanism D, determine the opposite side of moment of torsion assemble mechanism D at bolt and be provided with and move horizontally
Oil cylinder 29, under the driving moving horizontally oil cylinder 29, moment of torsion assemble mechanism D synchronization-sliding determined by back pressure mechanism C and bolt.
Medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block cracking process equipment, wherein, described cracking mechanism B by frame 19, draw
Cut oil cylinder 21, cracking oil cylinder 20, sliding table 16, cracking line slideway the 18, first slide block, swollen disconnected push rod 5, swollen disconnected sleeve 7
And wedge shape expansion block 8 forms；
Described frame 19 is fixed on support 22 along the length direction of support 22, and cracking line slideway 18 is solid along frame 19
Fixed, slide block workbench 16 is slidably connected with cracking line slideway 18, and the oil body of broaching oil cylinder 21 is fixed on one end of frame 19, draws
The piston rod cutting oil cylinder 21 is connected with sliding table 16；
The cylinder body of described cracking oil cylinder 20 is fixed on sliding table 16, the piston rod of cracking oil cylinder 20 and swollen disconnected push rod
5 one end are fixing to be connected, and swollen disconnected sleeve 7 is coaxially fixed with cracking oil cylinder 20, and the front end edge of swollen disconnected sleeve 7 is horizontally installed with broaching tool 6,
The upper surface of swollen disconnected push rod 5 uniformly has wedge-shaped slot.Having hole on swollen disconnected sleeve 7, wedge shape expansion block 8 is placed in hole, when swollen breaking pushes away
Bar 5 axially movable time, wedge shape expansion block 8 moves up and down in hole；
Further, the lower section of described sliding table 16 is additionally provided with sliding stand positioner, described sliding stand location dress
Putting the sliding table positional cylinder 17 by being vertically arranged for a pair to form, the master cylinder of sliding table positional cylinder 17 is fixed on machine
On frame 19, all have location with the frame 19 of the coaxial correspondence position of sliding table positional cylinder 17 on sliding table 16
Hole, the tailpiece of the piston rod of sliding table positional cylinder 17 loads up, enters frame 19 real with the hole, location of sliding table 16
Now position；
Medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block cracking process equipment, wherein, each ingredient of described back pressure mechanism C
Being followed successively by the most from bottom to top: a pair back pressure bolt 9 is arranged on back pressure bolt installing plate 31 side by side, back pressure bolt is pacified
Dress plate 31 by being connected with the piston rod end of back pressure oil cylinder 10, a pair back pressure oil cylinder 10 and two axles of bevel housing 4
Seating position is corresponding, and the master cylinder of back pressure oil cylinder 10 is arranged on back pressure oil cylinder installing plate 11 lower surface, back pressure oil cylinder installing plate 11
Upper surface is connected with the piston rod of back pressure hoist cylinder 15, and the master cylinder of back pressure hoist cylinder 15 is fixedly connected on back pressure travelling carriage 13
Top, back pressure oil cylinder installing plate 11 is horizontally arranged at inside back pressure travelling carriage 13, and back pressure oil cylinder installing plate 11 both sides are by the back of the body
Pressure vertical line guide rail 12 is connected with back pressure travelling carriage 13 inner slide.
Further, the master cylinder side of described back pressure oil cylinder 10 is also fixedly connected with a pair back pressure installing plate guiding fixed
Block 32, is fixedly connected with a pair back pressure installing plate in back pressure bolt installing plate 31 both sides being connected with back pressure oil cylinder 10 piston rod and leads
To motion block 33, back pressure installing plate guides determine block 32 and is slidably installed with back pressure installing plate guiding motion block 33 and is connected so that oily in back pressure
Under the push-and-pull action of cylinder 10, back pressure bolt installing plate 31 drives back pressure bolt 9 to slide up and down；
Medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block cracking process equipment, wherein, described bolt determine moment of torsion assemble mechanism D by
Determine torque slip frame 28, move horizontally oil cylinder 29, spanner installing rack 26, vertical line guide rail 27, determine moment of torsion hoist cylinder 30 and
Constant torque wrench 25 forms；
Determine the master cylinder of moment of torsion hoist cylinder 30 to be fixedly connected on and determine, on torque slip frame 28, to determine the work of moment of torsion hoist cylinder 30
Stopper rod is connected with spanner installing rack 26, and a pair constant torque wrench 25 is arranged on spanner installing rack 26 side by side；Vertical line guide rail
27 are fixed on and determine on torque slip frame 28, and slip spanner installing rack 26 is slidably connected with vertical line guide rail 27；Determining moment of torsion liter
Under the driving of fall oil cylinder 30, spanner installing rack 26 drives a pair constant torque wrench 2 to slide up and down；Below constant torque wrench 25
Bolt is installed on Working gantry 23 curb girder and places plate 24；
Medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block cracking processing method, specifically comprises the following steps that
A. bevel housing 4 is fixed
Bevel housing 4 to be cracked is placed on the positioning sleeve of housing positional cylinder 3 tailpiece of the piston rod, housing location oil
Cylinder 4 loads work, makes bevel housing 4 compress cracking workbench 2 inside upper surface, pushes screw rod by location simultaneously and push
The boss plane making bevel housing 4 opposite side compresses cracking workbench 3 side；
B. bevel housing 4 is applied back pressure
The piston rod descending arrival lower limit of back pressure hoist cylinder 15, back pressure oil cylinder 10 loads, and treats that back pressure bolt 9 subtracts with main
After the bearing cap contact of speed device housing 4, back pressure hoist cylinder 15 stops action, and back pressure oil cylinder 10 cracks at main reducing gear bearing block
During remain back pressure stress state.
C. the bearing block entirety of bevel housing 4 is cracked
Broaching oil cylinder 21 loads, and promotes sliding table 16 to move in the horizontal direction, and expansion sleeve 7 drives its front end broaching tool
6 dead eyes passing bevel housing 4 bearing block, swollen disconnected push rod 5 also enters dead eye together with expansion sleeve 7, in motion
During inlay and be fixed on the broaching tool 6 of swollen disconnected sleeve 7 front end at both sides, bearing saddle bore center processing broaching splitter 34, draw
Cutting after oil cylinder 21 arrives left limit, sliding table positional cylinder 17 loads up, is accurately positioned by sliding table 16；
Cracking oil cylinder 20 loads work, and swollen disconnected push rod 5 advances along expansion sleeve 7, and swollen disconnected push rod 5 is by axial horizontal movement
Being converted into the vertical motion of matched wedge shape expansion block 8, along with the propelling of swollen disconnected push rod 5, wedge shape expansion block 8 moves upward, right
The bearing block entirety of bevel housing 4 applies cracking strength, makes the cracking of the bearing block entirety to bevel housing 4 form bearing
Lid 35 and bearing block 36 two parts；
D. complete cracking to prepare the bearing block after cracking is assembled
After bearing cap 35 separates with bearing block 36 fracture, the hydraulic oil unloaded in cracking oil cylinder 20, swollen disconnected push rod 5 is regained
To home position, meanwhile bearing cap 35 resets under the lasting back pressure effect of back pressure oil cylinder 10, bearing cap 35 reset and with
After bearing block 36 engagement, sliding table positional cylinder 17 unloading releases location, and sliding table 16 acts at broaching oil cylinder 21
Lower return initial position, back pressure mechanism C also returns to initial position under the effect of back pressure hoist cylinder 15；
Move horizontally oil cylinder 29 and load work, make back pressure mechanism C, bolt determine moment of torsion assemble mechanism D and synchronize to move along guide rail,
Back pressure mechanism C removes work station, and bolt is determined moment of torsion assemble mechanism D and arrived work station；
E. the bearing block after cracking is assembled
Determine moment of torsion hoist cylinder 30 descending, make to be in the bolt that bolt determines immediately below moment of torsion assembling device and enter into spanner set
In cylinder, the permanent magnet in wrench socket holds bolt, determines moment of torsion hoist cylinder 30 and goes upward to upper limit position, moves horizontally oil cylinder 29
Load work, bolt is determined bolt directly over the housing that moment of torsion assemble mechanism D is pushed to crack and determines moment of torsion assembly station, fixed
The loading unit driving bolt screwing machine structure is moved downward by moment of torsion hoist cylinder 30, and after arriving processing lower limit, bolt is turned round surely
Square assembly system enters bolt and tightens duty, and constant torque wrench 25 starts to load operating, bolt is screwed into bearing cap 35 with
Installing hole between bearing block 36, it is integral that the cleaved bearing cap 35 opened and bearing block 36 reinstall return, tightens work
Terminate, determine moment of torsion hoist cylinder 30 rise drive bolt determine moment of torsion assembling device D move upward, arrival upper limit position, level shifting
Dynamic oil cylinder 29 backhaul, so far completes a cycle of operation.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention is:
1, medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block cracking process equipment of the present invention can be directly realized by bearing block and axle
Hold the cracking of lid to assembling, the most existing cracking apparatus exists the assembly after utilizing miscellaneous equipment or manually cracking, multiple
The factor of these restriction batch productions such as position, upper bolt, this equipment has been truly realized main reducing gear bearing block cracking assembling one
Change, clear away the obstacles for realizing batch production.
2, medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block cracking process equipment of the present invention can realize bevel housing
It is accurately positioned, follow-up precise cleavage processing bearing block.
3, medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block cracking process equipment of the present invention achieves bevel housing axle
Bearing cracking assembling on the positioning device, prevents the existing equipment plane of disruption that mobile shell produces because of cracking following process from falling
Slag phenomenon.
4, medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block cracking process equipment of the present invention is applicable to various sizes of master and subtracts
The cracking of speed device housing.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view of medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block of the present invention cracking process equipment；
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 E-E sectional view；
Fig. 3 is the side structure signal of medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block of the present invention cracking process equipment
Figure；
Fig. 4 is in medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block of the present invention cracking process equipment, the office of cracking mechanism
Portion's schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is in medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block of the present invention cracking process equipment, the office of back pressure mechanism
Portion's schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 a is the bevel housing bearing block structure schematic diagram treating cracking processing in the present invention；
Fig. 6 b is that the bevel housing bearing block in the present invention has cracked the structural representation in time resetting；
Fig. 6 c is the structural representation after the bevel housing bearing block in the present invention resets；
Fig. 7 is partial enlarged drawing at Fig. 6 a I.
In figure:
A-housing detent mechanism；B-cracks mechanism；C-back pressure mechanism；Moment of torsion assemble mechanism determined by D-bolt；
1-worktable lifting leading screw；2-cracks workbench；3-housing positional cylinder；4-bevel housing；
5-is swollen disconnected push rod；6-broaching tool；7-is swollen disconnected sleeve；8-wedge shape expansion block；
9-back pressure bolt；10-back pressure oil cylinder；11-back pressure oil cylinder installing plate；12-back pressure vertical line guide rail；
13-back pressure travelling carriage；14-horizontal linear guide rail；15-back pressure hoist cylinder；16-sliding table；
17-sliding table positional cylinder；18-cracks line slideway；19-frame；20-cracks oil cylinder；
21-broaches oil cylinder；22-support；23-Working gantry；Plate placed by 24-bolt；
25-constant torque wrench；26-spanner installing rack；27-vertical line guide rail；28-determines torque slip frame；
29-moves horizontally oil cylinder；30-determines moment of torsion hoist cylinder；31-back pressure bolt installing plate；32-back pressure installing plate is led
To motion block；
33-back pressure installing plate guides determines block；34-splitter；35-bearing cap；36-bearing block.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to further illustrate technical scheme, in conjunction with Figure of description, the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is such as
Under:
The invention provides a kind of medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block cracking process equipment, described equipment is by machinery
System, hydraulic system and control system three parts composition.What the present invention illustrated emphatically is mechanical system part.
As shown in figures 1 and 3, the mechanical system part of this equipment includes support 22, Working gantry 23, housing detent mechanism
Moment of torsion assemble mechanism D determined by A, cracking mechanism B, back pressure mechanism C and bolt.Wherein support 22 lands as equipment support level and sets
Put；Working gantry 23 is vertically arranged in one end of support 22 as suspension-type support member；Housing detent mechanism A is as to be processed
The supporting and positioning device of bevel housing bearing block, is vertically arranged in one end of support 22, and with Working gantry 23 position phase
Corresponding；Cracking mechanism B is arranged on the top of support 22 along the length direction of support 22, and the working end of its cracking processing is towards housing
Detent mechanism A；Back pressure mechanism C and bolt are determined moment of torsion assemble mechanism D and are arranged at above Working gantry 23, its in the vertical direction
Position is just to housing detent mechanism A.
As it is shown in figure 1, described housing detent mechanism A is vertically installed at one end of support 22, by cracking workbench 2, housing
Screw rod composition is pushed in positional cylinder 3, worktable lifting leading screw 1 and location.The leading screw screw rod of described worktable lifting leading screw 1 erects
Directly setting up, its one end is fixed on support 22, and the feed screw nut of worktable lifting leading screw 1 is fixing with cracking workbench 2 to be connected, band
Dynamic cracking workbench about 2 (i.e. along z-axis) easy motion, with the working depth of regulation cracking workbench 2.Main deceleration to be processed
Device housing bearing block and bevel housing 4 are integrated casting, and bevel housing 4 is placed on cracking workbench 2, and it is treated
The bearing block part of processing is positioned at above the work upper table surface of cracking workbench 2, and remaining housing parts is positioned under work upper table surface
Side.Housing positional cylinder 3 is vertically arranged, and its Master cylinder body is fixed on cracking workbench 2, is positioned at the lower section of bevel housing 4,
And fair with the feed screw nut horizontal level of worktable lifting leading screw 1, the piston rod end of housing positional cylinder 3 is provided with location
Pin, piston rod end is entered from below in the housing of bevel housing 4, and is positioned by alignment pin, by bevel housing 4
Hold up, make the upper surface of bevel housing 4 be pressed on the inner surface of the upper table surface cracking workbench 2 from bottom to up, it is achieved
The location of above-below direction；Meanwhile, location pushing bolt is from side, by the side boss face of bevel housing 4 from inside to outside
It is pressed on the medial surface of cracking workbench 2, it is achieved the location of left and right directions.Under the effect of worktable lifting leading screw 1, cracking
Workbench 2 will drive bevel housing 4 thereon upper and lower displacement, and push screw rod by housing positional cylinder 3 and location
Bevel housing 4 is positioned on cracking workbench 2, to be further processed.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, described cracking mechanism B includes frame 19, broaching oil cylinder 21, cracking oil cylinder 20, slip work
Platform 16, cracking line slideway the 18, first slide block, swollen disconnected push rod 5, swollen disconnected sleeve 7 and wedge shape expansion block 8.Frame 19 is along support 22
Length direction be fixed on support 22, with support whole cracking mechanism B (i.e. x-axis direction) in left-right direction work；Cracking is straight
Line guide rail 18 is fixed along frame 19, and the first slide block that slide block workbench 16 is installed by bottom slides even with cracking line slideway 18
Connecing, the oil body of broaching oil cylinder 21 is fixed on one end of frame 19, and the piston rod of broaching oil cylinder 21 is by flange and sliding table
16 are connected, and under the drive of broaching oil cylinder 21, sliding table 16 horizontally slips along x-axis.
The cylinder body of cracking oil cylinder 20 is fixed on sliding table 16, piston rod and the swollen disconnected push rod 5 of cracking oil cylinder 20 in
Linear fixing connection, swollen disconnected sleeve 7, by mounting bracket, is coaxially fixedly mounted on sliding table 16 with cracking oil cylinder 20,
Cracking oil cylinder 20 is positioned at the rear side of swollen disconnected sleeve 7, and the swollen disconnected push rod 5 being connected in cracked oil cylinder piston rod end is sleeved on swollen disconnected set
In cylinder 7.As shown in Figure 4, the front end edge of swollen disconnected sleeve 7 is horizontally installed with broaching tool 6, and the upper surface of swollen disconnected push rod 5 uniformly has two
Individual wedge-shaped slot.Having two holes on swollen disconnected sleeve 7, wedge shape expansion block 8 is placed in hole, and the angle of wedge of wedge shape expansion block 8 is 8 degree, and wedge shape is swollen
Bottom block 8, wedge surface matches with the wedge surface of swollen disconnected push rod 5 upper surface wedge-shaped slot.When swollen disconnected push rod 5 is along x-axis horizontal movement,
Under the effect of wedge surface, wedge shape expansion block 8 moves up and down along z-axis in the hole of swollen disconnected sleeve 7 along the wedge-shaped slot of swollen disconnected push rod 5.
In order to ensure that sliding table 16 operationally keeps stable state, below sliding table 16, it is additionally provided with cunning
Dynamic platform positioner.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, described sliding stand positioner is positioned at below the front end of sliding table 16, by one
Forming the sliding table positional cylinder 17 being vertically arranged, the master cylinder of sliding table positional cylinder 17 is fixed on frame 19
On, all have hole, location with the frame 19 of the coaxial correspondence position of sliding table positional cylinder 17 on sliding table 16,
The tailpiece of the piston rod of sliding table positional cylinder 17 loads up, enters frame 19 and realizes smart with the hole, location of sliding table 16
Certainly position.
As it is shown in figure 1, moment of torsion assemble mechanism D determined by back pressure mechanism C and bolt is all arranged on work by horizontal linear guide rail 14
Making on the entablature of stand 23, horizontal linear guide rail 14 is vertically arranged (i.e. horizontal linear guide rail 14 with cracking line slideway direction
Arrange along y-axis), back pressure mechanism C and bolt determine moment of torsion assemble mechanism D respectively by the second slide block and the 3rd slide block and horizontal linear
Guide rail 14 is slidably connected.Back pressure mechanism C determines with bolt to be connected by one piece of rigid plate between moment of torsion assemble mechanism D, it is achieved synchronize
Sliding.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5, back pressure mechanism C includes back pressure travelling carriage 13, back pressure hoist cylinder 15, back pressure oil cylinder 10, the back of the body
Compressing cylinder installing plate 11, back pressure bolt 9 and back pressure bolt installing plate 31.Each ingredient of described back pressure mechanism C becomes line style
It is vertically arranged along z-axis, is followed successively by from bottom to top: back pressure bolt 9 is a pair, be arranged on side by side on back pressure bolt installing plate 31, the back of the body
Pressure bolt installing plate 31 is connected with the piston rod end of back pressure oil cylinder 10 by flange, and back pressure oil cylinder 10 is a pair, respectively with master
Two bearing block positions of reducer shell 4 are corresponding.The master cylinder of back pressure oil cylinder 10 is arranged on the following table of back pressure oil cylinder installing plate 11
On face, the upper surface of back pressure oil cylinder installing plate 11 is connected with the piston rod of back pressure hoist cylinder 15 by flange, back pressure lifting oil
The master cylinder of cylinder 15 is fixedly connected on back pressure travelling carriage 13 top, and back pressure oil cylinder installing plate 11 is horizontally arranged in back pressure travelling carriage 13
Side, and back pressure oil cylinder installing plate 11 both sides are connected with back pressure travelling carriage 13 inner slide by back pressure vertical line guide rail 12,
Under the push-and-pull action of back pressure hoist cylinder 15, back pressure oil cylinder installing plate 11 drives back pressure oil cylinder 10 along back pressure vertical line guide rail 12
The precise motion (along z-axis) up and down.
As it is shown in figure 5, be fixedly connected with a pair back pressure installing plate guiding on the master cylinder side of back pressure oil cylinder 10 to determine block 32,
It is fixedly connected with a pair back pressure installing plate in back pressure bolt installing plate 31 both sides being connected with back pressure oil cylinder 10 piston rod and guides dynamic
Block 33, back pressure installing plate guides determine block 32 and back pressure installing plate guiding motion block 33 and is slidably installed and is connected so that at back pressure oil cylinder 10
Push-and-pull action under, back pressure bolt installing plate 31 drives back pressure bolt 9 the most accurately to slide along z-axis.
As it is shown in figure 1, back pressure mechanism C is to be led with horizontal linear by second slide block hard-wired on back pressure travelling carriage 13
Rail 14 is slidably connected, it is achieved whole back pressure mechanism C does x-axis direction along horizontal linear guide rail 14 and moves.
As it is shown on figure 3, the back pressure travelling carriage 13 of back pressure mechanism C and bolt determine moment of torsion assemble mechanism D determine torque slip frame
Connecting one piece of rigid plate between 28, be fixedly connected with at the opposite side determining torque slip frame 28 and move horizontally oil cylinder 29, level is moved
Dynamic oil cylinder 29 supports and is arranged on the curb girder of Working gantry 23.Bolt determines moment of torsion assemble mechanism D by determining on torque slip frame 28
Fixing the 3rd slide block connected is slidably connected with horizontal linear guide rail 14.To realize under the driving moving horizontally oil cylinder 29, the back of the body
Pressure travelling carriage 13 drives back pressure mechanism C and bolt to determine moment of torsion assemble mechanism D, along horizontal linear guide rail 14 with determining torque slip frame 28
Synchronization-sliding.
Include determining torque slip frame 28, moving horizontally oil cylinder 29, spanner peace as it is shown on figure 3, moment of torsion assemble mechanism D determined by bolt
Shelve 26, vertical line guide rail 27, determine moment of torsion hoist cylinder 30 and constant torque wrench 25.The master cylinder determining moment of torsion hoist cylinder 30 is solid
Surely being connected to determine on torque slip frame 28, the piston rod determining moment of torsion hoist cylinder 30 is connected with spanner installing rack 26, a pair fixed torsion
Square spanner 25 is arranged on spanner installing rack 26 side by side.Vertical line guide rail 27 is fixed on to be determined on torque slip frame 28, and slip is pulled
Hands installing rack 26 is slidably connected with vertical line guide rail 27 by slide block.Under the driving determining moment of torsion hoist cylinder 30, spanner is pacified
Shelve a pair constant torque wrench of 26 drive 25 to slide up and down along z-axis.On Working gantry 23 curb girder below constant torque wrench 25
It is horizontally installed with the bolt for containing bolt and places plate 24.
Present invention also offers medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block cracking processing method, specific as follows:
A. bevel housing 4 is fixed
Housing positional cylinder 3 tailpiece of the piston rod will be positioned over by hand through semi-finished bevel housing 4 to be cracked
Positioning sleeve on, upward, housing positional cylinder 4 loads work to the bearing block of bevel housing 4, makes bevel housing 4 press
Tight cracking workbench 2 inside upper surface, is pushed by location pushing screw rod simultaneously and makes the boss of bevel housing 4 opposite side put down
Face compresses cracking workbench 3 side.
B. bevel housing 4 is applied back pressure
The piston rod of back pressure hoist cylinder 15 is descending, makes back pressure mechanism C arrive lower limit, and then back pressure oil cylinder 10 starts to add
Carrying, after the bearing cap of back pressure bolt 9 with bevel housing 4 contacts, back pressure hoist cylinder 15 stops action, back pressure oil cylinder 10
Back pressure stress state is remained in main reducing gear bearing block cracking process.
C. the bearing block entirety of bevel housing 4 is cracked
Broaching oil cylinder 21 loads, and promotion sliding table 16 is along x-axis left lateral, as shown in Figure 1.Before expansion sleeve 7 drives it
End broaching tool 6 is through the dead eye of bevel housing 4 bearing block, and swollen disconnected push rod 5 also enters dead eye together with expansion sleeve 7,
Motor process is inlayed and is fixed on the broaching tool 6 of swollen disconnected sleeve 7 front end in the processing broaching cracking of both sides, bearing saddle bore center
Groove 34, as shown in Fig. 6 a and Fig. 7.After broaching oil cylinder 21 arrives left limit, sliding table positional cylinder 17 loads up, will be sliding
Station of starting building 16 is accurately positioned.Unceasingly, cracking oil cylinder 20 loads work, and swollen disconnected push rod 5 quickly propels along expansion sleeve 7,
Swollen disconnected push rod 5 is by the vertical movement that own level conversion of motion is matched wedge shape expansion block 8, along with pushing away of swollen disconnected push rod 5
Entering, wedge shape expansion block 8 moves upward, and the bearing block entirety of bevel housing 4 is applied cracking strength, makes bevel housing 4
The cracking of bearing block entirety form bearing cap 35 and bearing block 36 two parts, as shown in Figure 6 b.
D. complete cracking to prepare the bearing block after cracking is assembled
After bearing cap 35 separates with bearing block 36 fracture, the hydraulic oil unloaded in cracking oil cylinder 20, swollen disconnected push rod 5 is regained
To home position.Meanwhile bearing cap 35 resets under the lasting back pressure effect of back pressure oil cylinder 10, and with bearing block 36 disconnected
Accurately engage at broken face.After bearing cap 35 resets and engages with bearing block 36, it is fixed that sliding table positional cylinder 17 unloading releases
Position, sliding table 16 returns initial position under broaching oil cylinder 21 effect, and back pressure mechanism C is in the effect of back pressure hoist cylinder 15
Under also return to initial position.At the end of cracking process, back pressure keeps constant, and cracking oil cylinder 20 unloads, it is ensured that in cracking load
After withdrawing from, the bearing seat of cracking, lid can accurately mesh together；The rising of back pressure oil cylinder 10 piston rod removes back pressure, back pressure liter
Exercise back pressure mechanism C on fall oil cylinder 15 piston rod and arrive upper limit, move horizontally oil cylinder 29 and load work, make back pressure mechanism C, spiral shell
Anchoring moment of torsion assemble mechanism D synchronizes to move along guide rail, and back pressure mechanism C removes work station, and bolt is determined moment of torsion assemble mechanism D and arrived
Work station.
E. the bearing block after cracking is assembled
Bolt determines moment of torsion assemble mechanism D when being in position shown in Fig. 2 and be in upper limit, equipped with bolt and can be allowed to accurate
The bolt placement plate 24 of location is in bolt to be determined, immediately below moment of torsion assembling device, to determine moment of torsion hoist cylinder 30 descending, wrench socket
Touching bolt and micro-rotation adjusts, make bolt enter in wrench socket, the permanent magnet in wrench socket holds bolt.So
After, determine moment of torsion hoist cylinder 30 and go upward to upper limit position, move horizontally oil cylinder 29 and load work, bolt is determined moment of torsion assemble mechanism
D is pushed to bolt directly over the housing that cracked and determines moment of torsion assembly station, determines moment of torsion hoist cylinder 30 and is tightened by drive bolt
The loading unit of mechanism moves downward, and after arriving processing lower limit, bolt is determined moment of torsion assembly system and tightened work automatically into bolt
Make state.Constant torque wrench 25 starts to load operating, and now controller is by the detection signal according to torque sensor, automatically switches
The speed of mainshaft, completes to tighten cycle of operation, after the moment of torsion of bolt reaches setting value, tightens axle and loads stopping；Now, cleaved
It is integral, as fig. 6 c that the bearing cap 35 opened and bearing block 36 reinstall return.Tighten end-of-job, determine moment of torsion lifting oil
Cylinder 30 rising drives bolt to determine moment of torsion assembling device and moves upward, and arrives upper limit position, moves horizontally oil cylinder 29 backhaul, the completeest
Become a cycle of operation.
Claims (7)
- The most medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block cracking process equipment, by support (22), Working gantry (23), housing location Mechanism (A), cracking mechanism (B), back pressure mechanism (C) composition, it is characterised in that:Also include that moment of torsion assemble mechanism (D) determined by bolt；Working gantry (23) is arranged on one end of support (22), and housing detent mechanism (A) is arranged on and Working gantry (23) position Corresponding support (22) one end, cracking mechanism (B) is arranged on the top of support (22), back pressure along the length direction of support (22) Mechanism (C) and bolt are determined moment of torsion assemble mechanism (D) and are disposed in parallel in Working gantry (23) top；Described housing detent mechanism (A) by cracking workbench (2), housing positional cylinder (3), worktable lifting leading screw (1) and Screw rod composition is pushed in location；The feed screw nut of worktable lifting leading screw (1) is fixing with cracking workbench (2) to be connected, main reducing gear Housing (4) is placed in cracking workbench (2), and housing positional cylinder (3) Master cylinder body is fixed in cracking workbench (2), and housing is fixed The piston rod end of position oil cylinder (3) and bevel housing (4) are by the upper and lower location and installation of alignment pin；Bolt is pushed from side in location Face, from inside to outside is pressed on the side boss face of bevel housing (4) on the medial surface of cracking workbench (2), it is achieved Location, left and right；Described cracking mechanism (B) passes through hydraulic oil cylinder driving, it is achieved in the upper sliding of support (22), and by the level of swollen disconnected pull bar being transported The dynamic vertical motion being converted into matched wedge block, carries out the bearing block of bevel housing (4) swollen fracture and solves；Described back pressure mechanism (C) and bolt are determined moment of torsion assemble mechanism (D) and are all arranged on workbench by horizontal linear guide rail (14) On the entablature of frame (23), horizontal linear guide rail (14) is vertically arranged with cracking line slideway direction, back pressure mechanism (C) and bolt Determine moment of torsion assemble mechanism (D) to be slidably connected with horizontal linear guide rail (14) by the second slide block and the 3rd slide block respectively, back pressure machine Structure (C) is determined with bolt to be connected by one piece of rigid plate between moment of torsion assemble mechanism (D), determines moment of torsion assemble mechanism (D) at bolt Opposite side is provided with and moves horizontally oil cylinder (29), and under the driving moving horizontally oil cylinder (29), back pressure mechanism (C) is turned round surely with bolt Square assemble mechanism (D) synchronization-sliding.
- Medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block the most as claimed in claim 1 cracking process equipment, it is characterised in that:Described cracking mechanism B is by frame (19), broaching oil cylinder (21), cracking oil cylinder (20), sliding table (16), cracking straight line Guide rail (18), the first slide block, swollen disconnected push rod (5), swollen disconnected sleeve (7) and wedge shape expansion block (8) composition；Described frame (19) is fixed on support (22) along the length direction of support (22), and cracking line slideway (18) is along frame (19) fixing, slide block workbench (16) is slidably connected with cracking line slideway (18), and the oil body of broaching oil cylinder (21) is fixed on machine One end of frame (19), the piston rod of broaching oil cylinder (21) is connected with sliding table (16)；The cylinder body of described cracking oil cylinder (20) is fixed on sliding table (16), and the piston rod of cracking oil cylinder (20) pushes away with swollen breaking Bar (5) one end is fixing to be connected, and swollen disconnected sleeve (7) is coaxially fixed with cracking oil cylinder (20), the front end edge level peace of swollen disconnected sleeve (7) Equipped with broaching tool (6), the upper surface of swollen disconnected push rod (5) uniformly has wedge-shaped slot.Hole, wedge shape expansion block (8) is had on swollen disconnected sleeve (7) Be placed in hole, when swollen disconnected push rod (5) axially movable time, wedge shape expansion block (8) moves up and down in hole.
- Medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block the most as claimed in claim 2 cracking process equipment, it is characterised in that:The lower section of described sliding table (16) is additionally provided with sliding stand positioner, and described sliding stand positioner is vertical by a pair Sliding table positional cylinder (17) composition arranged, the master cylinder of sliding table positional cylinder (17) is fixed on frame (19) On, all have calmly on sliding table (16) with the frame (19) of the coaxial correspondence position of sliding table positional cylinder (17) Hole, position, the tailpiece of the piston rod of sliding table positional cylinder (17) loads up, enters frame (19) and sliding table (16) Hole, location realizes location.
- Medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block the most as claimed in claim 1 cracking process equipment, it is characterised in that:Each ingredient of described back pressure mechanism (C) is followed successively by the most from bottom to top: a pair back pressure bolt (9) is pacified side by side Being contained in back pressure bolt installing plate (31), back pressure bolt installing plate (31) is by the piston rod end with back pressure oil cylinder (10) even Connecing, a pair back pressure oil cylinder (10) is corresponding with two bearing block positions of bevel housing (4), the master cylinder peace of back pressure oil cylinder (10) It is contained in the work of back pressure oil cylinder installing plate (11) lower surface, the upper surface of back pressure oil cylinder installing plate (11) and back pressure hoist cylinder (15) Stopper rod connects, and the master cylinder of back pressure hoist cylinder (15) is fixedly connected on back pressure travelling carriage (13) top, back pressure oil cylinder installing plate (11) it is horizontally arranged at back pressure travelling carriage (13) inner side, and back pressure oil cylinder installing plate (11) both sides are by back pressure vertical line guide rail (12) it is connected with back pressure travelling carriage (13) inner slide.
- Medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block the most as claimed in claim 4 cracking process equipment, it is characterised in that:The master cylinder side of described back pressure oil cylinder (10) is also fixedly connected with a pair back pressure installing plate guide and determine block (32), with Back pressure bolt installing plate (31) both sides that back pressure oil cylinder (10) piston rod connects are fixedly connected with a pair back pressure installing plate and guide dynamic Block (33), back pressure installing plate guides determine block (32) and back pressure installing plate guiding motion block (33) and is slidably installed and is connected so that in back pressure Under the push-and-pull action of oil cylinder (10), back pressure bolt installing plate (31) drives back pressure bolt (9) to slide up and down.
- Medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block the most as claimed in claim 1 cracking process equipment, it is characterised in that:Described bolt determines moment of torsion assemble mechanism (D) by determining torque slip frame (28), moving horizontally oil cylinder (29), spanner installing rack (26), vertical line guide rail (27), determine moment of torsion hoist cylinder (30) and constant torque wrench (25) composition；Determine the master cylinder of moment of torsion hoist cylinder (30) to be fixedly connected on and determine, on torque slip frame (28), to determine moment of torsion hoist cylinder (30) Piston rod is connected with spanner installing rack (26), and a pair constant torque wrench (25) is arranged on spanner installing rack (26) side by side；Vertically Line slideway (27) is fixed on to be determined on torque slip frame (28), and slip spanner installing rack (26) is slided with vertical line guide rail (27) Connect；Under the driving determining moment of torsion hoist cylinder (30), spanner installing rack (26) drives a pair upper downslide of constant torque wrench (2) Dynamic；Working gantry (23) curb girder of constant torque wrench (25) lower section is provided with bolt and places plate (24).
- The most medium and heavy car owner's reducer shell bearing block cracking processing method, it is characterised in that:Specifically comprise the following steps thatA. bevel housing (4) is fixed；Bevel housing (4) to be cracked is placed on the positioning sleeve of housing positional cylinder (3) tailpiece of the piston rod, housing location oil Cylinder (4) loads work, makes bevel housing (4) compress cracking workbench (2) inside upper surface, pushes spiral shell by location simultaneously Bar is pushed and is made the boss plane of bevel housing (4) opposite side compress cracking workbench (3) side；B. bevel housing (4) is applied back pressure；The piston rod descending arrival lower limit of back pressure hoist cylinder (15), back pressure oil cylinder (10) loads, and treats that back pressure bolt (9) is with main After the bearing cap contact of reducer shell (4), back pressure hoist cylinder (15) stopping action, back pressure oil cylinder (10) is at main reducing gear axle Bearing cracking process remains back pressure stress state.C. the bearing block entirety of bevel housing (4) is cracked；Broaching oil cylinder (21) loads, and promotes sliding table (16) to move in the horizontal direction, and expansion sleeve (7) drives its front end to draw Cutter (6) is through the dead eye of bevel housing (4) bearing block, and the most same expansion sleeve of swollen disconnected push rod (5) (7) enters bearing together Hole, inlay in motor process and be fixed on the broaching tool (6) of swollen disconnected sleeve (7) front end in both sides, bearing saddle bore center processing draw Cutting splitter (34), after broaching oil cylinder (21) arrives left limit, sliding table positional cylinder (17) loads up, work of sliding Station (16) is accurately positioned；Cracking oil cylinder (20) loads work, and swollen disconnected push rod (5) advances along expansion sleeve (7), and swollen disconnected push rod (5) is by axial level Conversion of motion is the vertical motion of matched wedge shape expansion block (8), along with the propelling of swollen disconnected push rod (5), wedge shape expansion block (8) to Upper motion, applies cracking strength to the bearing block entirety of bevel housing (4), makes the bearing block to bevel housing (4) whole Body cracking forms bearing cap (35) and bearing block (36) two parts；D. complete cracking to prepare the bearing block after cracking is assembled；After bearing cap (35) separates with bearing block (36) fracture, the hydraulic oil unloaded in cracking oil cylinder (20), swollen disconnected push rod (5) Being recovered to home position, meanwhile bearing cap (35) resets under the lasting back pressure effect of back pressure oil cylinder (10), bearing cap (35), after resetting and engage with bearing block (36), sliding table positional cylinder (17) unloading releases location, sliding table (16) returning initial position under broaching oil cylinder (21) effect, back pressure mechanism C also returns under the effect of back pressure hoist cylinder (15) Return initial position；Move horizontally oil cylinder (29) and load work, make back pressure mechanism (C), bolt determine moment of torsion assemble mechanism (D) and synchronize to move along guide rail Dynamic, back pressure mechanism (C) removal work station, bolt is determined moment of torsion assemble mechanism (D) and is arrived work station；E. the bearing block after cracking is assembled；Determine moment of torsion hoist cylinder (30) descending, make to be in the bolt that bolt determines immediately below moment of torsion assembling device and enter into wrench socket In, the permanent magnet in wrench socket holds bolt, determines moment of torsion hoist cylinder (30) and goes upward to upper limit position, moves horizontally oil cylinder (29) load work, bolt is determined bolt directly over the housing that moment of torsion assemble mechanism D is pushed to crack and determines moment of torsion assembler Position, determines moment of torsion hoist cylinder (30) and is moved downward by the loading unit driving bolt screwing machine structure, after arriving processing lower limit, and spiral shell Anchoring moment of torsion assembly system enters bolt and tightens duty, and constant torque wrench (25) starts to load operating, and bolt is screwed into axle Holding the installing hole between lid (35) and bearing block (36), the cleaved bearing cap (35) opened and bearing block (36) reinstall return Integral, tighten end-of-job, determine moment of torsion hoist cylinder (30) rise drive bolt determine moment of torsion assemble device (D) move upward, Arrive upper limit position, move horizontally oil cylinder (29) backhaul, so far complete a cycle of operation.
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| CN108000122A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-08 | 吉林大学 | Crankcase bearing block cracks processing unit (plant) |
| CN108058003A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-22 | 吉林大学 | A kind of swollen disconnected equipment of reducer shell bearing block and its swollen disconnected method |
| CN113458514A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-10-01 | 青岛青特众力车桥有限公司 | Hydrogen embrittlement device and method for bearing seat of middle-rear axle speed reducer |
| CN113649776A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-11-16 | 青岛青特众力车桥有限公司 | Impact cracking process and equipment |
| CN114274077A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-04-05 | 上海电气风电集团股份有限公司 | Assembling device for assembling speed reducer |
| CN116748878A (en) * | 2023-07-17 | 2023-09-15 | 杭州铭达五金有限公司 | Bearing frame shaping machine tool |
| CN117961005A (en) * | 2024-03-28 | 2024-05-03 | 吉林大学 | Machining method of cracking groove for expanding and breaking of bearing seat of speed reducer shell |
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| CN116748878B (en) * | 2023-07-17 | 2024-03-15 | 杭州铭达五金有限公司 | Bearing frame shaping machine tool |
| CN117961005A (en) * | 2024-03-28 | 2024-05-03 | 吉林大学 | Machining method of cracking groove for expanding and breaking of bearing seat of speed reducer shell |
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