CN106271189A - A kind of welding wire with small grains tissue or the preparation method of welding rod - Google Patents
A kind of welding wire with small grains tissue or the preparation method of welding rod Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106271189A CN106271189A CN201610712701.7A CN201610712701A CN106271189A CN 106271189 A CN106271189 A CN 106271189A CN 201610712701 A CN201610712701 A CN 201610712701A CN 106271189 A CN106271189 A CN 106271189A
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- Prior art keywords
- welding
- alloy
- melt
- magnesium
- copper
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/284—Mg as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/302—Cu as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/3601—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
- B23K35/3602—Carbonates, basic oxides or hydroxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of welding wire with small grains tissue or the preparation method of welding rod, including, aluminum and aluminium alloy, magnesium and magnesium alloy, copper and copper alloy or its arbitrary composition are carried out melting and forms melt；After melting terminates, it is cooled in protective atmosphere less than liquidus temperature close to but above solidus temperature；Apply strong agitation to melt, make the oxide-film in melt that broken MgO, Al forming relevant nanometer yardstick to occur2O3Or Cu2MgO, Al of the relevant nanometer yardstick of O granule or addition synthetic2O3Or Cu2O granule, and make it be uniformly distributed in melt；Pour into a mould, ingot casting is carried out drawing, form welding wire or welding rod.The present invention significantly refines the tissue of such alloy weld metal, improves the performance of weld seam, is particularly suitable for magnesium and magnesium alloy, aluminum and aluminium alloy or copper and the melting of copper alloy, soldering or REPAIR WELDING.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the welding material of welding technology field, it is especially useful in aluminum and aluminium alloy, magnesium and magnesium alloy or copper and
Copper alloy welding wire or the preparation of welding rod.
Background technology
Aluminum and aluminium alloy, magnesium and magnesium alloy density are little, and specific strength is high, and antidetonation noise abatement is good, and the load-carrying ability that withstands shocks is big
Deng feature performance benefit, it is widely used in light metal structure material in manufacturing industry.Copper and copper alloy have excellent heat conduction, electric conductivity,
The structure having heat transfer efficiency and low resistance to require also is widely used.Wherein, solder technology manufactures skill as key
Art has important impact to safety of structure and the military service performance of above-mentioned alloy material.Aluminum and aluminium alloy, magnesium and magnesium alloy, copper
And the subject matter of copper alloy welding is the crackle in joint, pore, deformation and etching problem.The refinement of seam organization crystal grain can increase
Adding crystal boundary overall length and area, segmentation weld seam is some tiny die unit, eliminates gross segregation, makes low melting point the most uniformly divide
Cloth；Meanwhile, liquid contraction unit volume reduces, and alleviates volumetric stress and thermal stress, improves cracking resistance sensitivity；According to
Holl-Petch relation, crystal grain refinement can be effectively improved the intensity of material and not damage its plasticity and toughness.It follows that weld seam
The crystal grain refinement of metal is to ensureing that welding quality has great importance.
Retrieval to prior art literature understands, in order to obtain tiny seam organization, United States Patent (USP)
US20080193792A1 and Chinese patent CN 201210398811.2 discloses a kind of Ti, B micro alloyed aluminium alloy welding wire, weldering
Seam defines TiB2With TiC granule, significantly refine welded seam of aluminium alloy tissue.But, if defining Al in weld seam3Ti
Granule, with the existence of the free Ti of excess in weld seam, can be substantially reduced the performance of welded seam of aluminium alloy；WO 1999017903A1 is public
Open the aluminium alloy welding wire of a kind of Ti, Zr microalloying, there is high intensity and high crack resistance, except the danger of the free Ti of excess
Outside evil, the existence of excess Zr causes the generation of compound between thick needle-like metal, is easily caused welding wire and sends out in drawing process
Raw fracture；Patent EP1775037A1 discloses the magnesium alloy preparation method of a kind of Zr microalloying, but at continuous drawing or crowded
Need to carry out intermediate treatment technique during pressure, and single Zr microalloying can not meet weld seam and have enough intensity.
It addition, along with the increase of alloy content, the liquid-solid temperature range of alloy broadens, crack sensitivity increases；It is also possible to
Drop low-alloyed corrosion resistance, add manufacturing cost simultaneously, a kind of magnesium alloy solder wire disclosed in such as CN 201010219084.X
And preparation method, substantial amounts of employ rare earth element.If introducing outfield in weld seam process of setting, such as magnetic field, ultrasound wave,
Oscillator field, generally can obtain the seam organization of refinement.But, due to outfield formed equipment use add process costs and
Equipment cost, in a lot of occasions impracticable.
Therefore, necessary a kind of aluminum of exploitation and aluminium alloy, magnesium and magnesium alloy or copper and the system of copper alloy welding wire (welding rod)
Preparation Method solves the existing Welding Problems of such alloy.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, it is provided that a kind of weldering with small grains tissue
Silk or the preparation method of welding rod, have a tiny seam organization after the welding wire prepared by the method welding, higher mechanical property,
With high anti-stomata sensitivity, high crack resistance and high corrosion resistance.Weld seam has tiny grain structure, it is ensured that the power of weld seam
Learn performance suitable with soldered material；Owing to seam organization crystal grain is tiny, therefore weld metal has high crack resistance, anti-pore
Property, welding residual stress is less.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of welding wire with small grains tissue or the preparation method of welding rod, comprise the steps, including: melting of alloy
Refining, cast, continuous casting, extruding or drawing, last filamentation.
Step 1, carries out melting and forms melt aluminum, aluminium alloy, magnesium, magnesium alloy, copper, copper alloy or its arbitrary composition；
Step 2, after melting terminates, is cooled to less than liquidus temperature higher than solidus temperature in protective atmosphere；
Step 3, applies strong agitation to melt, makes the oxide-film in melt that broken formation relevant nanometer yardstick to occur
MgO、Al2O3Or Cu2O granule, or add MgO, Al2O3 or Cu2O granule of synthetic, and make it be uniformly distributed in melt
In；
Step 4, pours into a mould, and ingot casting carries out drawing, forms welding wire or welding rod.
The principle of the invention is: aluminum and aluminium alloy, magnesium and magnesium alloy or copper and copper alloy fusing point are relatively low, and chemism is big, very
The most in atmosphere, melt aoxidizes, at the surface of the surface of alloy material or melt formation oxide-film.These oxide-films
Easy adsorption moisture in atmosphere, fusing point is far above alloy melt, easily causes pore in welding pool.It has been investigated that,
These oxide-films are made up of the oxide particle of substantial amounts of magnesium, aluminum or copper.In the melt these oxide-films are crushed formation to receive
The granule of metrical scale, can well be as the fining agent of solidified structure.But, under normal conditions, these nanoscales
Oxide particle assembles agglomerating dress or membranaceous, does not possess the ability of fining agent thinning solidification structure.At welding wire ingot casting (continuous casting)
Before alloy melt cast, broken oxide-film forms MgO, Al of (or adding synthetic) nanoscale2O3Or Cu2O granule,
Welding wire is uniformly distributed.The welding wire prepared according to described method and argon tungsten-arc welding, MIG (metal intert gas) welding or metal
Pole active gas shielded arc welding is welded, or carries out soldering, and these granules of equally distributed nanoscale in welding wire exist
Welding pool is played the part of the role of fining agent, the solidified structure of weld seam can be refined significantly.Effectively raise crack resistance and
Anti-stomata sensitivity, structural stress, thermal stress and constraint stress etc. in weld seam process of setting all significantly reduce.
Utilize the welding wire for preparing to carry out argon tungsten-arc welding (TIG), or metal pole gas shielded arc welding (MIG or MAG) or
Person's soldering, such alloy weld metal has tiny grain structure and premium properties.
Compared with prior art, after the welding wire welding that prepared by the inventive method, weld metal has tiny grain structure；
The chemical composition of weld seam is basically identical with mother metal, therefore, has good corrosion resistance；Owing to seam organization is tiny, resisting of weld seam
Gas porosity and crack resistance are all fine, and meanwhile, the welding residual stress and distortion of joint have also been obtained and suppresses significantly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The tissue of aluminium alloy welding wire ingot casting prepared by Fig. 1 a the inventive method；
The tissue of Fig. 1 b common aluminum alloy ingot casting；
The tissue of red copper welding wire ingot casting prepared by Fig. 2 a the inventive method；
The tissue of Fig. 2 b common red copper ingot casting；
The seam organization of AZ31 magnesium alloy solder wire prepared by Fig. 3 a present invention；
The seam organization of Fig. 3 b common AZ31 magnesium alloy solder wire.
The tissue of AZ91D magnesium alloy solder wire ingot casting prepared by Fig. 4 a present invention；
The tissue of Fig. 4 b common AZ91D magnesium alloy ingot.
Detailed description of the invention
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated: the present embodiment is carried out under premised on technical solution of the present invention
Implement, give detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following enforcement
Example.
Embodiment 1:
Selecting Al-5Mg alloy to carry out melting, it is cold with stove in protective atmosphere that melting terminates relief Al-5Mg alloy melt
But, wait be cool below liquidus temperature close to but above solidus temperature time, to melt apply strong agitation, make Al-5Mg melt
There is broken MgO and the MgAl oxide particle forming nanoscale in the oxide-film in body, and makes it be uniformly distributed in melt,
Then pour into a mould.The tissue tissue of the welding wire ingot casting prepared by the inventive method is tiny, average-size 400 μm, conventional foundry ingot
Tissue 900 μm, effect is notable, as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 2:
Selecting red copper (fine copper) to carry out melting, melting terminates relief red copper melt furnace cooling in protective atmosphere, waits cold
But arrive less than liquidus temperature close to but above solidus temperature time, to melt apply strong agitation, make the oxygen in red copper melt
Change film and the broken Cu forming nanoscale occurs2O oxide particle, and make it be uniformly distributed in melt, then pour into a mould.
The tissue tissue of the welding wire ingot casting prepared by the inventive method is tiny, and compared with the tissue of conventional foundry ingot, effect is notable, such as Fig. 2
Shown in.
Embodiment 3:
Selecting AZ31 magnesium alloy to carry out melting, melting terminates relief AZ31 melt furnace cooling in protective atmosphere, waits cold
But arrive less than liquidus temperature close to but above solidus temperature time, to melt apply strong agitation, make the oxygen in AZ31 melt
Change film and the broken MgO oxide particle forming nanoscale occur, and make it be uniformly distributed in melt, then pour into a mould,
Ingot casting is carried out drawing, finally prepares welding wire.The welding wire prepared by the inventive method carries out argon tungsten-arc welding, and seam organization is thin
Little, average-size 40-70 μm, after the welding of ordinary magnesium alloy welding wire, weld seam is organized as 120-200 μm, with ordinary magnesium alloy welding wire
Weld seam compare, the seam organization thinning effect of the welding wire that the inventive method obtains is notable, as shown in Figure 3.
Embodiment 4:
Selecting AZ91D magnesium alloy to carry out melting, it is cold with stove in protective atmosphere that melting terminates relief AZ91D magnesium alloy fused mass
But, wait be cool below liquidus temperature close to but above solidus temperature time, add the nanometer chi of synthetic in the melt
The MgO oxide particle of degree, and make it be uniformly distributed in melt, then pour into a mould.The welding wire prepared by the inventive method
The tissue tissue of ingot casting is tiny, average-size 80 μm, tissue 200 μm of conventional foundry ingot, effect compared with the tissue of conventional foundry ingot
Significantly, as shown in Figure 4.
From Fig. 1-Fig. 4, the aluminium alloy prepared by the inventive method, red copper (fine copper), (weldering of magnesium alloy solder wire ingot casting
Seam) there is tiny grain structure, the anti-gas porosity of such alloy weld seam, hot-cracking resistance and excellent mechanics can be significantly improved
Performance and corrosion resisting property, implementation result is good.The welding wire prepared by the present invention or welding rod, by drawing or the extruding system of ingot casting
Make；The chemical composition of welding wire or welding rod is identical or different with the chemical composition of soldered material；The welding wire prepared by the present invention or
After welding rod welding, the grain structure of weld seam is tiny, and the crack resistance of weld seam is good, and anti-stomata sensitivity is high, good mechanical performance.With this
The welding wire of invention preparation or welding rod, be particularly suitable for magnesium and magnesium alloy, aluminum and aluminium alloy or copper and the melting of copper alloy, soldering
Or REPAIR WELDING.
Claims (3)
1. a welding wire with small grains tissue or the preparation method of welding rod, it is characterised in that the method includes walking as follows
Rapid:
Step 1, carries out melting to aluminum and aluminium alloy, magnesium and magnesium alloy, copper and copper alloy or its arbitrary composition and forms melt；
Step 2, after melting terminates, is cooled to less than liquidus temperature close to but above solidus temperature in protective atmosphere；
Step 3, applies strong agitation to melt, make oxide-film in melt occur broken form relevant nanometer yardstick MgO,
Al2O3Or Cu2MgO, Al of the relevant nanometer yardstick of O granule or addition synthetic2O3Or Cu2O granule, and make it uniformly divide
It is distributed in melt；
Step 4, pours into a mould, and ingot casting carries out drawing, forms welding wire or the welding rod of respective alloy.
2. utilize welding wire or a welding rod prepared by the preparation method described in claim 1, at aluminum and aluminium alloy, magnesium and magnesium alloy
Or application during the welding of copper and Cu alloy material.
3. utilize welding wire or a welding rod prepared by the preparation method described in claim 1, at argon tungsten-arc welding, metal inert
Apply when gas shielded arc welding, the active gas shielded arc welding of metal pole or soldering.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610712701.7A CN106271189B (en) | 2016-08-24 | 2016-08-24 | A kind of preparation method of welding wire or welding rod with small grains tissue |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610712701.7A CN106271189B (en) | 2016-08-24 | 2016-08-24 | A kind of preparation method of welding wire or welding rod with small grains tissue |
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| CN106271189A true CN106271189A (en) | 2017-01-04 |
| CN106271189B CN106271189B (en) | 2018-09-14 |
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| CN201610712701.7A Expired - Fee Related CN106271189B (en) | 2016-08-24 | 2016-08-24 | A kind of preparation method of welding wire or welding rod with small grains tissue |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108080811A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2018-05-29 | 吉林大学 | One kind contains micro-nano TiC-TiB2Particle aluminium alloy welding wire wire rod |
| CN110625297A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-12-31 | 北京科技大学 | Preparation method of high-strength and high-toughness steel welding wire containing nano particles |
| CN111745322A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-10-09 | 西安斯瑞先进铜合金科技有限公司 | Preparation method of novel copper-iron welding wire |
| CN112264592A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2021-01-26 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | High-speed mechanical stirring casting-rolling device and method for magnesium alloy thin strip |
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| CN101823190A (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2010-09-08 | 桂林市银箭焊接材料有限公司 | Aluminium-silicon alloy welding wire and preparation method thereof |
| CN103831422A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2014-06-04 | 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 | Nanometer refining method of Al-Si system aluminum alloy structure |
| CN103924128A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-07-16 | 南昌大学 | Preparation method of nanometer alumina reinforced aluminum-based composite material |
| JP2014144465A (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2014-08-14 | Fujitsu Ltd | Solder paste and conductive adhesive, method for manufacturing the same, method for manufacturing semiconductor device, and semiconductor device |
| CN104878238A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-09-02 | 上海交通大学 | Method for preparing nano-particle dispersed ultrafine grain metal matrix nano composite |
| CN105081611A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2015-11-25 | 山东大学 | Special fine-diameter flux-cored wire for hot-working die repairing surfacing |
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Patent Citations (6)
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| CN101823190A (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2010-09-08 | 桂林市银箭焊接材料有限公司 | Aluminium-silicon alloy welding wire and preparation method thereof |
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| JP2014144465A (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2014-08-14 | Fujitsu Ltd | Solder paste and conductive adhesive, method for manufacturing the same, method for manufacturing semiconductor device, and semiconductor device |
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| CN105081611A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2015-11-25 | 山东大学 | Special fine-diameter flux-cored wire for hot-working die repairing surfacing |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108080811A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2018-05-29 | 吉林大学 | One kind contains micro-nano TiC-TiB2Particle aluminium alloy welding wire wire rod |
| CN110625297A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-12-31 | 北京科技大学 | Preparation method of high-strength and high-toughness steel welding wire containing nano particles |
| CN110625297B (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2021-02-12 | 北京科技大学 | Preparation method of high-strength and high-toughness steel welding wire containing nano particles |
| CN111745322A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-10-09 | 西安斯瑞先进铜合金科技有限公司 | Preparation method of novel copper-iron welding wire |
| CN112264592A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2021-01-26 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | High-speed mechanical stirring casting-rolling device and method for magnesium alloy thin strip |
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| CN106271189B (en) | 2018-09-14 |
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