CN1062690A - Apparatus for making coolable concrete - Google Patents
Apparatus for making coolable concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN1062690A CN1062690A CN 90110189 CN90110189A CN1062690A CN 1062690 A CN1062690 A CN 1062690A CN 90110189 CN90110189 CN 90110189 CN 90110189 A CN90110189 A CN 90110189A CN 1062690 A CN1062690 A CN 1062690A
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- aggregate
- cold water
- cooling
- bosh
- concrete
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Abstract
The preparation facilities of coolable concrete of the present invention is a device of the aggregate cooling being made coolable concrete.Aggregate is impregnated in the cold water and cools off.The cold water that aggregate is cooled off stores in bosh.The cold water of bosh cools off with heat exchanger with cooling.Cooling is then cooled off with the forced action type cooler with heat exchanger.Aggregate is impregnated in the cold water of cold rinse bank with the supply discharger.The aggregate that the supply discharger will cool off is discharged in cold rinse bank.Aggregate feeding through supercooling is mixed and stirred in mixer, makes coolable concrete.
Description
The present invention is the device of relevant preparation coolable concrete.
The fresh concrete desired temperature is low.Particularly the concrete in the heated term of temperature above 25 ℃ can improve characteristic by cooling between daytime.
The concrete in heated term has
1. the slump is low,
2. crackle takes place,
3. intensity reduces
Shortcoming.
The low of the slump is because due to the evaporation of water.For example be that 3 ℃, the slump are 18 centimetres concrete, transported about 1 hour, it is said that the slump will be low about 6 centimetres with concrete mixer truck with whipping temp.After the slump was low, cast was just difficult.Such fresh concrete must heavily be mixed by the admixture cement mortar.And fresh concrete also has such characteristic: even by adjusting amount of water with amount, and along with the increasing of temperature, the slump is low.
The crackle that takes place when sclerosis is because due to inner heat.Reaction-water that is risen during concrete hardening and reaction are the reaction of heating.As in inner heat, then concrete inside and outer surface will produce temperature difference.Will expand in the inside that is subjected to heat, the outer surface that is cooled off will shrink, thereby crackle takes place.
Concrete crackle all brings evils for all purposes.Under the situations such as next door of dam, the bridge pier that is located at marine bridge, atomic pile, can become fatefulue shortcoming especially.
Also have, the concrete in heated term also can reduce intensity when sclerosis.
Fresh concrete is cooled off, just can eliminate these disadvantages.
The preparation facilities of coolable concrete is exactly to formulate out the device that added water is cooled off.But, even added water through supercooling, also can not reduce the temperature of fresh concrete to a certain extent.This is because the water yield that joins in the fresh concrete only is 4～6% of its total amount.
Also formulate out the device that the cement of admixing in the fresh concrete is cooled off.This device is to be blown into liquefaction nitrogen in cement, forces the cement cooling.Though having, this device in cement, do not add the advantage that water can cool off, the shortcoming that has running cost significantly to increase.This is the big cause of consumption owing to the high liquefaction nitrogen of price.Therefore, this device has the shortcoming that can only be used for special fresh concrete.
In the material in joining concrete, the weight ratio maximum be aggregate.Therefore, aggregate is cooled off, fresh concrete is the most effective for reducing.In order to realize this purpose, the device that aggregate is cooled off in initiative.
Heat of vaporization with surface water cools off the device of the device of aggregate as the cooling aggregate, is (spy opens clear 57-188317 communique) of once formulating.This device is that aggregate is put into airtight container, and will be evacuated in the airtight container, forces water evaporates, cools off aggregate with the heat of vaporization of moisture.This device has the shortcoming that needs large pressurized vessel and high-capacity vacuum pump and installation cost to increase, and can not cool off the shortcoming of aggregate in addition continuously.
The device that steam ejection liquefaction nitrogen cools off on aggregate also is (spy opens clear 63-156045 communique, and the spy opens flat 1-26407 communique, and the spy opens flat 1-26408 communique) of once formulating.These devices have do not add the advantage that water can cool off on aggregates, still can cool off the advantage of aggregate at low temperatures.But these devices are with but the device of sand is the same with liquid nitrogen air cooling, have the running cost height, can only be used for the shortcoming of specific use.
The present invention is that purpose puts forward to solve these shortcomings, and therefore free-revving engine of the present invention is to provide the apparatus for making coolable concrete that can cool off fresh concrete with cheap operating cost at low temperatures.
Apparatus for making coolable concrete of the present invention under a kind of desirable enforcement state, is prepared bosh, aggregate is immersed in the cold water cools off.Bosh is connected to cooling with on the cold water pathway of heat exchanger by circulating pump.Supply with the cold water of cooling with heat exchanger, available forced action type cooler cools off.The aggregate that is cooled in bosh is mixed and stirred by mixer, just becomes coolable concrete.
Brief description of drawings is as follows:
The 1st figure is the constructed profile of the apparatus for making coolable concrete of expression one embodiment of the present of invention.The 2nd figure is the profile of an example of expression bosh.The 3rd figure is the vertical view of the bosh represented among the 2nd figure.The 4th figure is the drawing in side sectional elevation that the loading plate of discharger is supplied with in expression.The 5th figure is the profile of the cooling of the device represented among the 1st figure with an example of heat exchanger.The 6th figure and the 7th figure are the profiles that the heat exchanger end is used in cooling among expression the 5th figure.
Below according to illustrating embodiments of the invention.
But the embodiment shown in following exemplifies the device that the technological thought of the present invention of sening as an envoy to is specialized.In device of the present invention, the material of its building block, shape, structure, configuration are not only specific to be following structure.Scope all changes in addition that device of the present invention can be put down in writing at claims.
Moreover, this specification, for making for the purpose of claims understand easily, will with the corresponding numbering remarks of parts shown in the embodiment in claims on the described parts.But anything but with described parts in claims specific be the parts shown in the embodiment.
The preparation facilities of the coolable concrete shown in the 1st figure has: the mixer 1 that aggregate, cement, Sha Heshui are mixed and stirred, the bosh 2 that before in supplying to mixer aggregate is cooled off, the supply discharger 3 that aggregate feeding is shifted out again in the bosh 2, the cooling that the cold water of bosh 2 is cooled off is with heat exchanger 4, refrigerant is supplied to the forced action type cooler 5 that cools off with in the heat exchanger 4, make cold water be circulated in cooling heat exchanger 4, and the circulating pump 6 in the bosh 2.
For mixer 1, can use all mixers that can mix and stir the aggregate, sand, cement and the water that are cooled off.
Bosh 2 is the uncovered elongated chute shape in top.2 pairs of boshes are transplanted on inner aggregate and cool off.The size of bosh 2 depends on the amount of cooling water of aggregate in the unit interval.Be under 250 tons the situation in the cooling processing amount of aggregate, the size of bosh 2 is preferably adjusted in wide 2～3.5 meters, high 0.6～1.5 meter, long 5～15 meters the scope.
The cool time of aggregate is inequality because of its size.Big grain aggregate is cooled to inside, compares with the granule aggregate, and the time that needs is long.Therefore, big grain aggregate will prolong the cold water dip time.Extend the total length of bosh 2, just can prolong the cold water dip time of aggregate.Therefore the bosh 2 that big grain aggregate is cooled off will extend total length.For example per hour cool off 250 tons, diameter is that the total length of bosh 2 of 5～150 millimeters aggregate reaches 10～15 meters, cooling diameter is that the total length of bosh 2 of 5～40 millimeters aggregate reaches 5～8 meters.
Bosh can be at bottom cumulose soil sand along with using.This be owing to be attached on the aggregate surface native sand by cold wash fall to being deposited to the bottom cause.Be provided with the cleaning mouth 10 of discharging the native sand that is piled up in the bottom etc. in the bottom of bosh 2.Cleaning mouthfuls 10 is inaccessible and be in waterproof state with taking off lamina affixad 11.Remove and take off lamina affixad, just can discharge the native sand that is piled up in the bottom.
At the right-hand member of bosh 2, make the outlet of cold water uncovered.Filter 12 is connected on the discharge outlet.Filter 12 filters the native sand that is contained in the cold water, and the clear water of clarifying is supplied to cooling with in the heat exchanger 4.
Device shown in the 1st figure and the 2nd figure uses ribbon conveyer on supply discharger 3.Ribbon conveyer is transferred aggregate on one side, Yi Bian cooling continuously.Be ribbon conveyer on tape, be immersed in the cold water of bosh 2 and transfer the aggregate carrying.In the 2nd figure,, cool off with 13 with the right-hand left that is transplanted on of aggregate from bosh 2.
Have as the ribbon conveyer of supplying with discharger 3: be with 13, with the chain 14 that 13 both sides connect, the sprocket wheel 15 of chain drive-belt 14 rotations drives the motor 16 that this sprocket wheel 15 rotates, and chain saddle 17.
Band is made of the thin width of cloth loading plate 18 that bending free of one another connects.Side plate 19 is vertically being fixed at two ends at loading plate 18.19 of side plates prevent with the aggregate of going up carrying from laterally falling.Side plate 19 is presented the inverted cone shape of fabric width in the following width of cloth.Between the side plate 19 of the side plate 19 of shape and the adjacency of falling from power with fixed width overlap joint.The side plate 19 of overlap joint can slide over each other at overlap shown in the 3rd figure, makes inboard and the outside how many some displacements take place and couples together.
The side plate 19 of inverted cone shape, the end positions on its base with the hole that the pin 20 of chain 14 is connected, be made uncovered.The pin 20 of chain 14 is inserted in the hole, makes loading plate 18 with plane connection by side plate 19.On direct of travel, the two ends of front and back are connected to the loading plate 18 on the pin 20 of chain 14, though carrying aggregate in the above, do not rotate and the maintenance level is transported aggregate.
In the 4th figure, express the transverse shape of loading plate 18.The loading plate 18 of this shape will become the mountain shape with the leading edge bending of direct of travel.The band that connects this loading plate has the advantage that aggregate can be transferred and not have skew in front and back.
Chain 14 is connected in the two ends of loading plate 18, and the loading plate 18 that connects into band shape is moved.In the 1st figure and the 2nd figure, chain 14 makes loading plate 18 carry aggregate and transfers from right to left.
The sprocket wheel 15 of hanging the left side of chain 14 is connected with motor 16 by reductor, drives rotation by motor 16.
The supply discharger 3 of this structure is that the aggregate of being supplied with by the right-hand member of band is transferred to left end.Aggregate impregnated in the cold water in transferring the way, is cooled off, and discharges from left end.
In transferring the way, after being immersed in the aggregate that cools off in the cold water and preferably dewatering, be re-supplied in the mixer.Aggregate dewaters in discharge one side of supplying with discharger, or the other de-watering apparatus that adds dewaters between supply discharger and mixer.
In order to carry out dewatering of aggregate, the band of supplying with discharger is vibrated realize in discharge one side of supplying with discharger.
In addition, supplying with on the de-watering apparatus that adds between discharger and the mixer, can adopt with centrifugal force remove the moisture that adheres on the aggregate or on the net material carrying aggregate remove devices such as moisture with vibration.
Cooling is with heat exchanger 4, exchange heat energy between refrigerant and cold water and cool off cold water.The used cooling of this purposes is with the cold water that is circulating in the heat exchanger 4 and polluted by native sand.Therefore require to have to clean the structure of the cold water pathway of being polluted by native sand simply.After cumulose soil sand on the path of cold water, will reduce the efficient of heat exchange.
In the 5th figure, the 6th figure, the 7th figure, express the cooling heat exchanger 4 that can clean simply as the cold water pipe 21 of cold water pathway.This cooling has the many cold water pipes 21 in the next door that connects cylindric casing 22 two ends with heat exchanger 4 airtightly, and connects the communication chamber of the end of many cold water pipes 21.
Casing 22 for making portion's refrigerant vaporization within it, seizes heat, becomes airtight state at two ends by next door 23 sealings, and portion will be provided with refrigerant chamber 24 within it.On the refrigerant chamber 24, the inflow entrance 25 and the outlet 26 of refrigerant are made uncovered.Inflow entrance 25 is connected to condenser by expansion valve 27, and 26 of outlets are connected to suction one side of compressor 29.
The total length of cold water pipe 21 will make how much be longer than casing 22, and two ends connect the next door 23 of casing 22 and make airtight state, and 23 outstanding from the next door.
Preferably use rotproofness metal tubes such as titanium alloy or stainless steel for cold water pipe 21.
The periphery of next door 23 outside cold water pipes 21, adhere to strong with the engaging force of metal, harden hardly, have cold resistance and expand few caulkign compound.
Shown in the 5th figure, also can adhere to caulkign compound on the whole outer surface of next door again.
For cold water pipe 21, can use the material that can be welded in simply on the next door 23, as metal tubes such as iron, copper, brass, aluminium, to replace stainless steel and titanium.
Be connected in the end of cold water pipe 21 in the cold water chamber 30 at the two ends that are positioned at casing 22, make waterproof.In the cold water chamber 30, most cold water pipes 21 are made serial or parallel connection connect, or be connected in series again after several parallel connections are made, make liquid such as cold water flow into cold water pipe 21.
The 6th figure and the 7th figure express the cold water chamber that is positioned at cold water pipe 21 left and right sides shown in the 5th figure.It has: 3 cold water pipes 21 are connected in parallel and separate wall 31 with what it was connected in series.
Both sides in cold water chamber 30 promptly on the extended line of cold water pipe 21, in order to clean cold water pipe 21 inside simply, become waterproofly with switch cover 32 obturations, open-close lid 32 is shown in the 5th figure, and its upper limb is installed on the upper limb of cold water chamber 30 by hinge 33.This open-close lid 32 in order to make cold water chamber 32 airtight and waterproof, is provided with ring flange 34 around it.Ring flange 34 usefulness nuts 33 are being held under the arm.When opening, remove nut 35, open carrying just on its underpart.In this state, cleaning device is pushed in the cold water pipe 21, cleaning is inner.
In cold water chamber 30, the inflow entrance 36 and the flow export 37 of cold water are made uncovered.
Refrigerant is supplied to the forced action type cooler 5 of cooling with heat exchanger 4, and it has: compressor 29, condenser 28, the radiator 38 that condenser 28 is cooled off, and expansion valve 27.Compressor 29 has sucked from cooling refrigerant interchanger 4, vaporization, through pressurization, delivers to condenser 28.
Condenser 28 makes the refrigerant cooling liquid through pressurization.
Radiator 38 makes cooling medium liquefaction with condenser 28 coolings.Can use cooling tower or air-cooled heat exchanger for radiator.
Expansion valve 27 is regulated and is led to the refrigerant quantity delivered of cooling with heat exchanger 4.Be admitted to cooling with the refrigerant of heat exchanger 4 by expansion valve 27, in cooling with the vaporization of expanding in the heat exchanger 4, from around seize heat of vaporization, cold water pipe 21 is cooled off.
Circulating pump 6 will cool off with the Cold water supply that cooled off in the heat exchanger 4 in bosh 2, and aggregate is cooled off.Discharge one side at circulating pump 6 is connecting sprinkler pipe 39.Sprinkler pipe 39 has pipe arrangement above bosh 2, cold water is sprinkled upon in the bosh 2 cools off aggregate.
Sprinkler pipe 39 not necessarily will be arranged on the top of bosh 2.Though without diagram, also can be connected in the bosh 2, cold water is circulated in bosh 2.
At the device shown in the 1st figure is aggregate to be immersed in the cold water of bosh 2 to cool off.The present invention just with the state of cooling of aggregate specific be the mode shown in the 1st figure.Though, also can cool off, and aggregate is not immersed in the cold water to its watering without diagram.
The preparation facilities of the coolable concrete shown in the 1st figure prepares coolable concrete according to following operation.
Aggregate without cooling brings and supplies in the bosh 2 by supplying with discharger 3.The aggregate of delivering to here contacts with the cold water of bosh 2, just is cooled.In bosh 2, aggregate is immersed in the cold water, or is spilt cold water, or floods after the watering again, cools off.Aggregate through supercooling takes out with supplying with discharger 3, supplies in the mixer 1.
With circulating pump feeding cold water in bosh 2.Cold water brings with circulating pump, circulates by cold water pathway 8 → circulating pump 6 → bosh 2 of bosh 2 → cooling with heat exchanger.The cold water of circulation on the aggregate of sprinkling water, makes its cooling after being cooled off with heat exchanger 4 by cooling.
The refrigerant that was liquefied by forced action type cooler 5 is supplied to cooling with in the coolant path 7 of heat exchanger 4.The refrigerant that liquefied with evaporation in the coolant path 7 of heat exchanger 4, cools off cold water with heat of evaporation in cooling.
This device can be adjusted the chilling temperature of aggregate, the whipping temp of control fresh concrete.For example use at the environment of outside air temperature more than 25 ℃, if the chilling temperature of aggregate is 8 ℃, then the whipping temp of fresh concrete is approximately 17～18 ℃, can reach low temperature significantly.
At the 1st whipping temp of showing to express in the 3rd table at the fresh concrete of the temperature of aggregate that mixes and stirs and cement.In these tables, the example of the preparation facilities of coolable concrete of the present invention is used in the 1st table expression; The example that the 2nd table expression is not cooled off the material that mixes and stirs; The 3rd table expression blending ice is to replace the example of water.
Shown in the 1st table, device of the present invention can be cooled to aggregate 8 ℃, and the temperature of fresh concrete is cooled to 17 ℃.Like this, device of the present invention can be cooled to fresh concrete the reason of low temperature significantly, is owing to can reduce the cause of the heat of the great aggregate of amount of stored heat significantly.Shown in the 3rd table, even use ice in adding water, the whipping temp of aggregate is cooled to 22 ℃ only.Admixing the big ice of heat of fusion, can not reduce the reason of the temperature of fresh concrete, is because the few cause of amount of water.
Like this, this device has the advantage that the temperature of fresh concrete can be cooled to simply low temperature and can make concrete hardening under extremely good environment.
Further, the advantage that the preparation facilities of this coolable concrete be should be noted that especially is: although concrete temperature can be cooled to low temperature, can reduce running cost significantly.This is to use once again owing to the cold water that contacts the pressure cooling with aggregate can circulate, or makes cold water directly contact the cause of cooling off with aggregate.
Through the cold water that circulation is used once again, can make the temperature that supplies in the bosh approach 0 ℃ within the bounds of possibility.This is because the cold water of low temperature is cooled to aggregate the cause of low temperature at short notice.Because the water below 0 ℃ can freeze, can not circulate, so the water more than will making ℃, best 1～5 ℃ cold water circulation.Aggregate is cooled off later cold water, seize heat energy from aggregate, temperature more or less will rise.For example, aggregate is cooled to 9 ℃ cold water, its temperature can rise to 5～7 ℃.With the cooled cold water temperature of aggregate, with the water ratio under the normal temperature, temperature is low.Therefore only more or less cool off with heat exchanger, just can reduce to the temperature of cooling aggregate once again by cooling.
Therefore, and do not use the cold water that cooled off aggregate, and compare, can improve cooling effectiveness with new water-cooled mode.When using power operation forced action type cooler, can reduce power consumption for this reason, cool off aggregate efficiently.Device of the present invention, power consumption efficiency height, and not as before, do not use expensive liquefaction nitrogen, thereby have use very economical, applicable to multi-purpose advantage.
Claims (3)
1, the preparation facilities of coolable concrete, this device has following structure:
(a) preparation facilities of coolable concrete has: mixer 1, and the bosh 2 of aggregate, in bosh 2 and the supply discharger 3 that shifts out, cooling is with heat exchanger 4, forced action type cooler 5, and circulating pump 6 with aggregate feeding;
(b) in the bosh 2 of aggregate, fill cold water;
(c) supply with discharger 3 and be located in the bosh 2, aggregate is contacted with cold water;
(d) cooling becomes coolant path 7 and cold water pathway 8 with heat exchanger 4 zonings.
(e) cooling is connected with bosh 2 with circulating pump 6 by circulation pipe 9 with the cold water pathway 8 of heat exchanger 4.
(f) cooling is connected with forced action type cooler 5 with the coolant path 7 of heat exchanger 4, supplies with the refrigerant by 5 liquefaction of forced action type cooler;
(g) with the cold water cooling aggregate with bosh 2, the mode that supplies to then in the mixer 1 constitutes.
2, the preparation facilities of coolable concrete according to claim 1, the supply discharger of aggregate is a ribbon conveyer.
3, the preparation facilities of coolable concrete according to claim 1 and 2, cooling has with heat exchanger and connects the communication chamber that is fixed in the next door at casing two ends and makes the end of air-locked many cold water pipes, many cold water pipes of connection, constitutes cold water pathway with cold water pipe and communication chamber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN90110189A CN1038118C (en) | 1990-12-27 | 1990-12-27 | Apparatus for making coolable concrete |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN90110189A CN1038118C (en) | 1990-12-27 | 1990-12-27 | Apparatus for making coolable concrete |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1062690A true CN1062690A (en) | 1992-07-15 |
| CN1038118C CN1038118C (en) | 1998-04-22 |
Family
ID=4881786
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN90110189A Expired - Fee Related CN1038118C (en) | 1990-12-27 | 1990-12-27 | Apparatus for making coolable concrete |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1038118C (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105643803A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-06-08 | 中国水利水电第八工程局有限公司 | Fine aggregate precooling device for concrete production |
| CN104697922B (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2017-04-05 | 英贝儿(天津)测控设备有限责任公司 | A kind of agent on crack resistance of concrete soda acid assay device |
| CN106863611A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-06-20 | 中国葛洲坝集团第工程有限公司 | A kind of pre cooling of concrete water-cooled aggregate technique |
| CN108839966A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-11-20 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Heating and cooling system for sandstone aggregate |
| CN111391120A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2020-07-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Negative temperature well cementation cement paste high speed mixer |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61229506A (en) * | 1985-04-05 | 1986-10-13 | 株式会社大林組 | Concrete cooling nozzle device for truck mixer |
| JPH07108537B2 (en) * | 1987-07-23 | 1995-11-22 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | Method and apparatus for manufacturing cooling concrete by low temperature liquefied gas |
-
1990
- 1990-12-27 CN CN90110189A patent/CN1038118C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104697922B (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2017-04-05 | 英贝儿(天津)测控设备有限责任公司 | A kind of agent on crack resistance of concrete soda acid assay device |
| CN105643803A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-06-08 | 中国水利水电第八工程局有限公司 | Fine aggregate precooling device for concrete production |
| CN106863611A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-06-20 | 中国葛洲坝集团第工程有限公司 | A kind of pre cooling of concrete water-cooled aggregate technique |
| CN108839966A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-11-20 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Heating and cooling system for sandstone aggregate |
| CN111391120A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2020-07-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Negative temperature well cementation cement paste high speed mixer |
| CN111391120B (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2021-05-18 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Negative temperature well cementation cement paste high speed mixer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1038118C (en) | 1998-04-22 |
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