CN106256376A

CN106256376A - Water bladder system and correlation technique

Info

Publication number: CN106256376A
Application number: CN201610069322.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 威廉·罗伯特·皮特森Iii; 威廉·罗伯特·皮特森Ii
Original assignee: CORE SYSTEMS Co Ltd
Current assignee: CORE SYSTEMS Co Ltd
Priority date: 2015-06-19
Filing date: 2016-02-01
Publication date: 2016-12-28

Abstract

A kind of water bladder system.Air cock can be check-valves, and it is configured to be connected with described flexible container and selectivity allows air into inside described flexible container.The relieving mechanism selectivity being connected with described flexible container allows described fluid to discharge the described inside of described flexible container.Open celled foam is included in the described inside of described flexible container and is coated with the quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings produced by quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent.

Description

Water bladder system and correlation technique

Cross-Reference to Related Applications

The application is entitled " the Static Fluid Disinfecting of William R.Peterson II etc. Systems and Related Methods ", Application Serial No. 14/226,720, submit to, the most not on March 26th, 2014 The part continuation application of the practical patent application of earlier US certainly (below is ' 720 applications), described ' 720 application requirements Entitled " the Static Microbial Disinfection Utilizing of William Robert Peterson II etc. Open Cell Substrates Treated with Organosilane Quaternary Ammonium Chloride Compounds ", Application Serial No. 61/805,477, submit on March 26th, 2013, the most overdue US provisional patent Shen Priority please, described ' 720 applications are also the entitled " Antimicrobial of William R.Peterson II etc. Quaternary Ammonium Organosilane Coatings ", Application Serial No. 10/850,121, May 19 in 2004 Day submits to, the part continuation application of the practical patent application of the most pending earlier US (below is ' 121 applications), institute State ' 121 applications and require entitled " the Water&fluids purification with of William R.Peterson II Bonded quaternary ammonium organosilanes ", Application Serial No. 60/472,429, May 22 in 2003 Day submits to, and the priority of the most overdue U.S. Provisional Patent Application, the disclosure of every part of patent application is all with the side of quoting Formula is integrally incorporated herein.

Technical field

The each side of presents relates generally to for using the solid phase carrier being coated with quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings to reduce The method and composition of the number of microorganism in liquid.

Background technology

Quaternary ammonium organosilane has been used in various application.Entitled " the Antimicrobial of Peterson II etc. Skin Preparations Containing Organosilane Quaternaries ", U.S. of JIUYUE in 2003 issue on the 2nd State's patent No. 6,613,755 discloses the various examples of the purposes of the quaternary ammonium organosilane compound with antimicrobial property.

Summary of the invention

Embodiment for the system of convection cell sterilization comprises the steps that flexible container；Air cock, it is configured to described Flexible container is connected and is configured to selectivity and allows air into inside described flexible container；Filter, its be configured to Described flexible container is connected and is configured to filter the fluid entered within described flexible container；Relieving mechanism, it is scratched with described Property container be connected and be configured to selectivity and allow described fluid to flow out inside described flexible container；And it is included in described flexibility Open celled foam within container, described open celled foam is coated with by having the quaternary ammonium produced with the quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent of following formula Organosilane coating:

A can be the member independently selected from the group consisted of: OR⁴, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, replacement or not Substituted miscellaneous alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted Heterocyclylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl with And substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl.R⁴Can be selected from the member of group consisted of: hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, Substituted or unsubstituted miscellaneous alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted Heterocyclylalkyl, replacement or unsubstituted Aryl and substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl.R can be substituted or unsubstituted alkylidene.R¹、R²And R³Can be the most independent Ground is selected from the member of group consisted of: hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted miscellaneous alkyl, replacement or Unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted Heterocyclylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl；And it is substituted or unsubstituted miscellaneous Aryl.Z can be the member selected from the group consisted of: fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, toluene fulfonate, hydrogen Oxide, sulfate and phosphate.Variable n can be 1,2 or 3.

The embodiment of water bladder (water bladder) system can include the one in the following, all or any A kind of:

Described air cock may be structured to be fixed to flexible container at the first opening part of described flexible container, and described Filter also is configured to be fixed to described flexible container at described first opening part.

The check-valves that described air cock is comprised in can including fill cap, described fill cap is configured to be movably coupled to Opening to flexible container.

Described relieving mechanism can include being configured to allow for user distribution being difficult to articulate from the fluid within flexible container Valve.

The embodiment of water bladder system comprises the steps that flexible container；Air cock, it is configured to and described flexible container phase Connect and be configured to selectivity and allow air into inside described flexible container；Filter, it is configured to and described flexible appearance Device is connected and is configured to filter the fluid entered within described flexible container；Relieving mechanism, it is connected with described flexible container And be configured to inside the selectivity permission described fluid described flexible container of outflow；And be included within described flexible container Open celled foam, per inch hole count (PPI) scope of described open celled foam is between 10PPI and 110PPI, and described open celled foam is coated with It is covered with by having the quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings produced with the quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent of following formula:

Flexible container may be structured to make described open celled foam with described when fluid is included in described flexible container inside Hydrostatic contacts.

The embodiment of water bladder system can include the one in the following, all or any.

Described fluid can comprise choosing freely little Cryptosporidium (Cryptosporidium parvum) and Giardia (Giardia) one or more microorganisms of the group formed.

One or more microorganisms described can be further selected from the group consisted of: tunica virus and without tunica virus, Gram negative bacteria and gram-positive bacterium, fungus, mycete, spore, yeast and protozoacide antibacterial.

Open celled foam can comprise selected from the material of group consisted of: naturally occurring organic polymer material and synthesis Organic polymer material, rustless steel, copper, silicon, carbon and carborundum.

Described fluid can be muddy.

Described fluid can be the most opaque.

Described fluid can comprise hydrocarbon and aqueous emulsion.

Flexible container can accommodate the solid material containing one or more microorganisms and open celled foam can contact described solid One or more surfaces of body material.

The embodiment of water bladder system comprises the steps that flexible container；Air cock, it is configured to and described flexible container phase Connect and be configured to selectivity and allow air into inside described flexible container；Filter, it is configured to and described flexible appearance Device is connected and is configured to filter the fluid entered within described flexible container；Relieving mechanism, it is connected with described flexible container And be configured to inside the selectivity permission described fluid described flexible container of outflow；And wherein said fluid comprises one or many Plant microorganism；Wherein said flexible container makes described fluid static with open celled foam when fluid is in described flexible container inside Contact；Every gram of surface area of wherein said open celled foam is less than every gram of surface area of one of filter sand and zeolite, described open celled foam It is coated with by having the quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings produced with the quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent of following formula:

The embodiment of water bladder system can include the one in the following, all or any:

One or more microorganisms described are selected from the group consisted of: little Cryptosporidium, Giardia, tunica virus And without tunica virus.

Per inch hole count (PPI) scope of open celled foam is between 10PPI and 110PPI.

Described open celled foam can include selected from the material of group consisted of: natural organic polymer material and synthesis Organic polymer material, rustless steel, copper, silicon, carbon and carborundum.

Described fluid can be muddy.

Described fluid can be the most opaque.

Described fluid can comprise hydrocarbon and aqueous emulsion.

Flexible container may also include has the solid material of one or more microorganisms and open celled foam can contact described One or more surfaces of solid material.

According to specification, drawings and the claims book, the above and other aspects, features and advantages for ability Territory those of ordinary skill will be apparent from.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Embodiment is described hereinafter in connection with accompanying drawing, and wherein similar name represents like, and:

Fig. 1 illustrates that the phage viable count that the zeolite coated by quaternary ammonium organosilane causes reduces；

Fig. 2 illustrate (A) Klebsiella terrigena (K.terriena) that the zeolite coated by quaternary ammonium organosilane causes and (B) escherichia coli (E.Coli) viable count reduces；

Fig. 3 illustrates that antibacterial that the zeolite coated by quaternary ammonium organosilane causes and phage viable count averagely reduce；

Fig. 4 illustrates that the algae viable count that the zeolite coated by quaternary ammonium organosilane causes reduces；

Fig. 5 illustrates that the protozoon parasite viable count that the zeolite coated by quaternary ammonium organosilane causes reduces；

Fig. 6 illustrates a kind of experimental provision, and it comprises the quaternary ammonium being filled with the viable count for reducing liquid internal microorganism The post of the zeolite of organosilan coating；

Fig. 7 illustrates the exploded view of the embodiment of water bladder system；

Fig. 8 illustrates the exploded view of the embodiment of the filter assemblies of the water bladder system of Fig. 1；

Fig. 9 A is shown with a step of the first method of the water bladder system of Fig. 7；

Fig. 9 B is shown with another step of the first method of the water bladder system of Fig. 7；

Fig. 9 C is shown with another step of the first method of the water bladder system of Fig. 7；

Fig. 9 D is shown with another step of the first method of the water bladder system of Fig. 7；

Figure 10 A is shown with a step of the second method of the water bladder system of Fig. 7；

Figure 10 B is shown with another step of the second method of the water bladder system of Fig. 7；And

Figure 10 C is shown with another step of the second method of the water bladder system of Fig. 7.

Detailed description of the invention

The disclosure, its each side and embodiment are not limited to particular elements disclosed herein, assembly program or method Element.A lot of miscellaneous parts known in the art, assembly program and/or method element (with the static fluid decontamination system being intended to, Correlation technique embodiment, water bladder system are consistent with correlation technique) for will be aobvious for the detailed description of the invention of the disclosure And be clear to.Although it is therefoie, for example, disclose detailed description of the invention, but this kind of embodiment and enforcement parts can include ability Territory become known for this kind of static fluid decontamination system, water bladder system and the correlation technique consistent with intended operation and method and Implement parts and any shape of method, size, style, type, model, version, measured value, concentration, material, quantity, method Element, step and/or similar terms.

Definition

As the term is employed herein " reduce microbial survival number " mean minimizing can fully grow, movable, work And/or the microbe number grown.Described term includes such as reducing microorganism overall number, the number of minimizing viable microbial The number of the microorganism that (i.e. inactivateing microorganism), minimizing can be bred, the number of minimizing Whole microbial, the number of minimizing infectious agent Mesh, removal microorganism, inactivation microorganism；And/or analogue." eliminate microbial survival number " to mean to make microbial survival number Mesh reduces to zero.

The organism that as used herein term " microorganism " is checked merely by microscope when meaning independent.Term is micro- Biology include such as antibacterial, fungus, actinomycetes, algae, protozoacide, yeast, pathogenic bacteria, pearl, nematode, virus, Protein virus And algae.

Abbreviation used herein has its conventional sense in chemistry and biology field.

In the case of chemical group is write from left to right by its general chemical formula and to be represented, they are likewise covered by chemically The identical substituent group formed because writing structure from right to left, such as-CH₂O-is equal to OCH₂-。

Unless otherwise indicated, otherwise himself or the part as another substituent group of term " alkyl " means containing extremely The straight chain (i.e. non-branched) of few carbon or side chain carbochain, it can be fully saturated, unit is unsaturated or polynary unsaturation.Insatiable hunger It is the alkyl with one or more double or triple bonds with alkyl." unsubstituted alkyl " refers to side chain or non-branched-chain alkyl, its Middle main chain carbon is connected to hydrogen and/or other main chain carbons.Term " alkylidene " refers to the divalent group derivant of alkyl.

As used herein " main chain carbon " or " main chain hetero atom " refers respectively to carbon or hetero atom, and it is not at alkyl or miscellaneous At the junction point of alkyl and formed containing the side chain of at least one carbon or a part for non-branched.

Term " alkoxyl " refers to be connected to those alkyl of molecule remainder by oxygen atom.

Term " alkyl ether " refers to the alkyl with at least one carbon-oxygen-carbon bond.

Term " the substituted alkyl of hydroxyl " refers to the alkyl with at least one hydroxyl connected.

Term " the substituted alkyl of amine " refers to the alkyl with at least one primary amine, secondary amine or tertiary amine group connected.

Term " miscellaneous alkyl " himself or be combined with another term that to mean have at least one in carbochain heteroatomic Alkyl.Hetero atom selects the group that free O, N and S form, wherein said nitrogen-atoms and sulphur atom is the most oxidized and azepine Atom is the most quaternized.Hetero atom O, N and S can be located at any interior location of miscellaneous alkyl or be positioned at alkyl and be connected to At molecule remainder location.Up to two hetero atoms can be continuous print, such as-CH₂-NH-OCH₃.Similarly, art Language " miscellaneous alkylidene " itself or the part as another substituent group mean the divalent group derived from miscellaneous alkyl.For miscellaneous Asia Alkyl, hetero atom also can occupy one or both of chain end.

" unsubstituted miscellaneous alkyl " refers to side chain or the miscellaneous alkyl of non-branched, and wherein main chain carbon is connected to hydrogen, other main chain carbons And/or main chain hetero atom.Main chain hetero atom is connected to hydrogen, main chain carbon, other main chain hetero atoms and/or the oxygen (feelings at sulfur oxide Under condition).

Unless otherwise indicated, otherwise term " cycloalkyl " and " Heterocyclylalkyl " self or be combined with other terms represents respectively " alkyl " and the ring form of " miscellaneous alkyl ".It addition, for Heterocyclylalkyl, hetero atom can occupy heterocycle and be connected to its remaining part of molecule Divide at location.Term " ring alkylidene " and " heterocycloalkylene group " refer respectively to the bivalence of cycloalkyl and Heterocyclylalkyl and derive Thing.

Unless otherwise stated, term " halo " or " halogen " or as another substituent group part own mean Fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atom.It addition, the such as term of " haloalkyl " is intended to include monohaloalkyl alkyl and multi-haloalkyl.

Unless otherwise stated, term " aryl " means polynary unsaturated aromatic hydrocarbon, its can be monocycle or multi-ring (preferably 1-3 ring), they are fused together or covalently bound.Term " heteroaryl " refers to be selected from the miscellaneous of N, O and S containing one to four The aryl (or ring) of atom, wherein said hetero atom occupies ring top (referred to herein as " ring hetero atom ").Nitrogen-atoms and Sulphur atom is the most oxidized, and nitrogen-atoms is the most quaternized.Heteroaryl can be connected to point by carbon or hetero atom Sub-remainder.Term " arlydene " and " heteroarylidene " refer respectively to the divalent derivative of aryl and heteroaryl.

" unsubstituted aryl " or " unsubstituted heteroaryl " refers respectively to aryl rings and heteroaryl ring, wherein occupies ring top End and not with the junction point of molecule remainder at carbon atom be only connected to hydrogen or occupy other atoms on ring top.Occupy Ring top and be not at the junction point of molecule remainder at hetero atom be only connected to hydrogen, occupy other atoms on ring top Or oxygen (in the case of the ring hetero atom of oxidation).

" oxo " means that double bond is bonded to the oxygen of carbon atom as the term is employed herein.

" liquid " is for flowing freely, lack crystalline texture and different from gas in ambient temperature with ring as used herein Keep the material of same volume independent of its container shapes under the pressure of border." liquid, aqueous " refers to the liquid with a part of water. It is applicable to put into practice the liquid, aqueous of the present invention and includes such as black water, fruit juice, milk and medical fluid.Other are suitable for Fluid will easily be determined by those skilled in the art and can be used in different embodiment.

" solid " is the most water-fast material as used herein.Therefore, " solid phase carrier " is at ring Water-fast carrier at a temperature of border.

Method

On the one hand, the invention provides and a kind of in the liquid method of the viable count of microorganism is reduced or eliminated.Described Method includes that the solid phase carrier making described liquid with being coated with quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings contacts.Described quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings The viable count of microorganism in liquid can be reduced by directly contact microorganism.

The method and composition that various solid phase carriers are applicable to the present invention is combined.Described solid phase carrier can have Any applicable size or shape, including such as plane surface, conduit or pipe lining or approximately spherical granule.Described solid phase carries Body also can have any applicable size, including such as microscopic vesicles, the most detectable carrier, has a length of several centimetres To the carrier of general plane of the sizes of several meters and have the approximately spherical carrier of radius of a length of several centimetres to several meters.

Solid phase carrier is generally by insoluble in one or more of liquid medium (such as, organic media, water-bearing media, water etc.) Material or material composition.Exemplary materials includes glass, silicon dioxide, sand (such as, manganese green sand and filter sand), quartz, flint, boiling Stone, anthracite, activated carbon, garnet, ilmenite, Bei Enkuang (benn), aluminum (include aluminium silicate (the such as filter of non-aqueous AG)), ferrum and titanyl compound (such as ilmenite), kieselguhr, volcanic ash (naturally occurring the side-product product as coal combustion Raw silicon/alumina material), metal (such as stannum), pottery and/or organic polymer and plastics (such as high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE), polypropylene (PP) or polrvinyl chloride (PVC)).

In different embodiments, described liquid contacts with additional solid phase carrier.Described additional solid phase carrier can be coated with The quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings different from solid phase carrier.Additional solid phase carrier also can be made up of the material different from solid phase carrier.

Quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent

The solid phase carrier of the present invention is coated with quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings.Quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings is by quaternary ammonium organosilane Reagent produces.Quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent has with following formula:

In formula (I), A is selected from-OR⁴, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted miscellaneous alkyl, replacement or not Substituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted Heterocyclylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl and substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl Base.In the case of there is more than one A, each A is independently selected from group described above or below.

R⁴Selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted miscellaneous alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkanes Base, substituted or unsubstituted Heterocyclylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl and substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl.

R is selected from substituted or unsubstituted alkylidene, substituted or unsubstituted miscellaneous alkylidene, substituted or unsubstituted ring alkylene Base, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkylene group, substituted or unsubstituted arlydene and substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylidene.

R¹、R²And R³Independently selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted miscellaneous alkyl, replacement or not Substituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted Heterocyclylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl and substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl Base.

Z is selected from fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, toluene fulfonate, hydroxide, sulfate and phosphoric acid Salt.

Symbol n is 1,2 or 3.

In an illustrative embodiments, it is described herein as possible A, R¹、R²、R³And R⁴Partly substituted Alkyl, substituted miscellaneous alkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted Heterocyclylalkyl, substituted aryl and substituted heteroaryl are each Only replaced independently selected from following substituent group by least one :-OH, unsubstituted (C₁-C₅) alkyl, unsubstituted 2 to 5 yuan Miscellaneous alkyl, unsubstituted (C₅-C₇) unit's cycloalkyl, unsubstituted 5 to 7 yuan of Heterocyclylalkyls, unsubstituted aryl and unsubstituted Heteroaryl.Such as, it is substituted (C at A₁-C₁₀) in the case of alkyl, substituted (C₁-C₁₀) alkyl is only by least one independently Ground replaces selected from following substituent group :-OH, unsubstituted (C₁-C₅) alkyl, unsubstituted 2 to 5 yuan of miscellaneous alkyl, unsubstituted (C₅-C₇) unit's cycloalkyl, unsubstituted 5 to 7 yuan of Heterocyclylalkyls, unsubstituted aryl and unsubstituted heteroaryl.

In other embodiments, it is described herein as possible A, R¹、R²、R³And R⁴Part substituted alkyl, take The miscellaneous alkyl in generation, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted Heterocyclylalkyl, substituted aryl and substituted heteroaryl are the most only by least One replaces independently selected from following substituent group :-OH, unsubstituted (C₁-C₅) alkyl, unsubstituted 2 to 5 yuan of miscellaneous alkyl, not Substituted (C₅-C₇) unit's cycloalkyl, unsubstituted 5 to 7 yuan of Heterocyclylalkyls, unsubstituted aryl and unsubstituted heteroaryl.? In other embodiments, it is described herein as possible A, R¹、R²、R³And R⁴The substituted alkyl of part, substituted miscellaneous alkane Base, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted Heterocyclylalkyl, substituted aryl and substituted heteroaryl are only the most independent by least one Ground replaces selected from following substituent group :-OH, unsubstituted (C₁-C₅) alkyl, unsubstituted (C₅-C₇) unit's cycloalkyl and not taking The phenyl in generation.In other embodiments, it is described herein as possible A, R¹、R²、R³And R⁴Substituted alkyl partly, Substituted miscellaneous alkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted Heterocyclylalkyl, substituted aryl and substituted heteroaryl are the most only by extremely A few unsubstituted (C₁-C₃) alkyl replacement.

In the embodiment that another is exemplary, it is described herein as the substituted alkylidene of possible R-portion, takes The miscellaneous alkylidene in generation, substituted ring alkylidene, substituted heterocycloalkylene group, substituted arlydene and substituted heteroarylidene are each From only being replaced independently selected from following substituent group by least one :-OH, unsubstituted (C₁-C₅) alkyl, unsubstituted 2 to 5 Unit miscellaneous alkyl, unsubstituted (C₅-C₇) unit's cycloalkyl, unsubstituted 5 to 7 yuan of Heterocyclylalkyls, unsubstituted aryl and unsubstituted Heteroaryl.

In different embodiments, the substituted alkylidene of possible R-portion, substituted miscellaneous alkylene it are described herein as Base, substituted ring alkylidene, substituted heterocycloalkylene group, substituted arlydene and substituted heteroarylidene are the most only by least One replaces independently selected from following substituent group :-OH, unsubstituted (C₁-C₅) alkyl, unsubstituted 2 to 5 yuan of miscellaneous alkyl, not Substituted (C₅-C₇) unit's cycloalkyl, unsubstituted 5 to 7 yuan of Heterocyclylalkyls, unsubstituted aryl and unsubstituted heteroaryl.? In other embodiments, it is described herein as the substituted alkylidene of possible R-portion, substituted miscellaneous alkylidene, substituted Ring alkylidene, substituted heterocycloalkylene group, substituted arlydene and substituted heteroarylidene are only the most independent by least one Ground replaces selected from following substituent group :-OH, unsubstituted (C₁-C₅) alkyl, unsubstituted (C₅-C₇) unit's cycloalkyl and not taking The phenyl in generation.In other embodiments, the substituted alkylidene of possible R-portion, substituted miscellaneous Asia it are described herein as Alkyl, substituted ring alkylidene, substituted heterocycloalkylene group, substituted arlydene and substituted heteroarylidene are the most only by extremely A few unsubstituted (C₁-C₃) alkyl replacement.

A is selected from-OR⁴, substituted or unsubstituted (C₁-C₁₀) alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted 2 to 12 yuan of miscellaneous alkyl, take Generation or unsubstituted (C₅-C₇) cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted 5 to 7 yuan of Heterocyclylalkyls, substituted or unsubstituted aryl and Substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl.R⁴It is selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted (C₁-C₁₀) alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted 2 to 10 Unit miscellaneous alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted (C₅-C₇) cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted 5 to 7 yuan of Heterocyclylalkyls, replacement or unsubstituted Aryl and substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl.

In some embodiments, A is selected from-OR⁴, unsubstituted (C₁-C₁₀) alkyl, unsubstituted 2 to 12 yuan of miscellaneous alkyl, Unsubstituted (C₅-C₇) cycloalkyl, unsubstituted 5 to 7 yuan of Heterocyclylalkyls, unsubstituted aryl and unsubstituted heteroaryl.? In other embodiments, A is selected from-OR⁴, unsubstituted (C₁-C₁₀) alkyl, unsubstituted 3 to 12 yuan of alkyl ethers, unsubstituted (C₅-C₇) cycloalkyl and unsubstituted phenyl.

A is also selected from-OR⁴, unsubstituted (C¹-C⁴) alkyl, unsubstituted 3 to 8 yuan of alkyl ethers, unsubstituted (C⁵-C⁷) Cycloalkyl and unsubstituted phenyl.Or, A is selected from-OR⁴, unsubstituted (C₁-C₄) alkyl and unsubstituted 3 to 8 yuan of alkane Base ether.

R⁴It is selected from hydrogen, unsubstituted (C₁-C₁₀) alkyl, unsubstituted 2 to 12 yuan of miscellaneous alkyl, unsubstituted (C₅-C₇) ring Alkyl, unsubstituted 5 to 7 yuan of Heterocyclylalkyls, unsubstituted aryl and unsubstituted heteroaryl.

In some embodiments, R⁴Selected from hydrogen, unsubstituted (C₁-C₁₀) alkyl, unsubstituted 3 to 12 yuan of alkyl ethers, Unsubstituted (C₅-C₇) cycloalkyl and unsubstituted phenyl.In a related embodiment, R⁴Selected from hydrogen, unsubstituted (C₁-C₈) alkyl, unsubstituted 3 to 8 yuan of alkyl ethers, unsubstituted (C₅-C₇) cycloalkyl and unsubstituted phenyl.Or, R⁴ Selected from hydrogen, unsubstituted (C₁-C₈) alkyl and unsubstituted 3 to 8 yuan of alkyl ethers.

R⁴Also selected from phenyl, aminomethyl phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted (C₁-C₈) alkyl and-(CH₂)_x-O-(CH₂)_yCH₃.X and y is the integer independently selected from 1 to 10.

R is selected from substituted or unsubstituted (C₁-C₁₀) alkylidene, substituted or unsubstituted 2 to 10 yuan of miscellaneous alkylidenes, replacements Or unsubstituted (C₅-C₇) ring alkylidene, substituted or unsubstituted 2 to 7 yuan of heterocycloalkylene group, substituted or unsubstituted arlydene And substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylidene.

In different embodiments, R is selected from following member: unsubstituted (C₁-C₁₀) alkylidene, unsubstituted 2 to 10 yuan of miscellaneous alkylidenes, unsubstituted (C₅-C₇) ring alkylidene, unsubstituted 5 to 7 yuan of heterocycloalkylene group, unsubstituted arlydene with And unsubstituted heteroarylidene.

The most unsubstituted (the C of R₁-C₁₀) alkylidene.

R^l、R²And R³It is selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted (C₁-C₂₀) alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted 2 to 20 yuan of miscellaneous alkane Base, substituted or unsubstituted (C₅-C₇) cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted 5 to 7 yuan of Heterocyclylalkyls, substituted or unsubstituted aryl And substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl.

In some embodiments, R^l、R²And R³Independently selected from hydrogen, unsubstituted (C₁-C₂₀) alkyl, hydroxyl be substituted (C₁-C₂₀) alkyl, the substituted (C of amine₁-C₂₀) alkyl, unsubstituted 2 to 20 yuan of miscellaneous alkyl, unsubstituted (C₅-C₇) cycloalkyl, not Substituted 5 to 7 yuan of Heterocyclylalkyls, unsubstituted aryl and unsubstituted heteroaryl.In a relevant embodiment, R^l、R²And R³Independently selected from hydrogen, unsubstituted (C₁-C₂₀) alkyl, unsubstituted alkyl ether, the substituted (C of hydroxyl₁-C₂₀) alkane Substituted (the C of base, amine₁-C₂₀) alkyl, unsubstituted (C₅-C₇) cycloalkyl and unsubstituted phenyl.

R^l、R²And R³Also selected from hydrogen, unsubstituted (C₁-C₂₀) alkyl, unsubstituted alkyl ether, the substituted (C of hydroxyl₁- C₂₀) alkyl, the substituted (C of amine₁-C₂₀) alkyl, unsubstituted (C₅-C₇) cycloalkyl and unsubstituted phenyl.Or, R^l、R²With R³Selected from hydrogen, unsubstituted (C₁-C₂₀) alkyl, unsubstituted alkyl ether, the substituted (C of hydroxyl₁-C₂₀) alkyl and amine substituted (C₁-C₂₀) alkyl.

In other exemplary, R^l、R²And R³Independently selected from-(CH₂)_qOCH₃、-(CH₂)_qOH、-(CH₂)_qO (CH₂)_tCH₃、-(CH₂)_qNHCH₃、-(CH₂)_qNH₂、-(CH₂)_qN(CH₃)₂And-(CH₂)_qNH₂(CH₂)_tCH₃, wherein q and t is Independently selected from the integer of 0 to 10.R¹、R²And R³Also can be independently selected from by-CH₂CH₂OCH₃With-CH₂CH₂OCH₂CH₂CH₃Composition Group.Or, R¹、R²And R³Also can be independently selected from-CH₂CH₂OH and-CH₂CH₂CH₂CH(OH)CH₃。R¹、R²And R³Also can be independent Ground is selected from-CH₂CH₂NH₂With-CH₂CH₂N(CH₃)₂.Finally, R^l、R²And R³Can be independently selected from methyl, octadecyl, didecyl And the member of tetradecyl.

In an exemplary embodiment, quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent is selected from (CH₃O)₃Si(CH₂)₃N⁺(CH₃)₂ (C₁₈H₃₇)(Cl^-)；(CH₃CH₂O)₃Si(CH₂)₃N⁺(CH₃)₂(C₁₈H₃₇)(Cl^-)；(CH₃O)₃Si(CH₂)₃N⁺(CH₃)₂(C₁₈H₃₇) (Br^-)；(CH₃O)₃Si(CH₂)₃N⁺(C₁₀H₂₁)₂(CH₃)(Cl^-)；(CH₃O)₃Si(CH₂)₃N⁺(CH₃)₂(C₁₄H₂₉)(Cl^-)； (CH₃O)₃Si(CH₂)₃N⁺(CH₃)₂(C₁₄H₂₉)(Br^-)；And (CH₃O)₃Si(CH₂)₃N⁺(CH₃)₂(C₁₆H₃₃)(Cl^-).At one In relevant embodiment, quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent is selected from the octadecyl chlorination of 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl-dimethyl Ammonium, 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propy didecylmethyl ammonium chloride and 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl-dimethyl Tetradecyl ammonium chloride.

In another exemplary embodiment, quaternary ammonium organosilane contains ammonium halide and the hydrolyzable alcoxyl being bonded with silicon Base.

Quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings

Various methods can be used for being formed quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings by quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent.Quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent Any method known in the art can be used to be applied to solid phase carrier, and described method includes such as making quaternary ammonium organosilane try Agent covalent bond or Non-covalent binding to solid phase carrier with the method forming quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings.

Solid phase carrier can be made to contact with the solution prepared product containing quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent (such as, spray, impregnate or it He uses mode).In some embodiments, the surface making quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent coat at room temperature air-dries sufficiently long Time period, to complete the condensation cured of quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings.Or, heat is put on coating surface and continues sufficiently long Time period, these persistent period and temperature were known to those skilled in the art to realize solidification.

In different embodiments, quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent is covalently bond to solid phase carrier.Generally, quaternary ammonium organosilane Reagent is covalently bond to be formed the accessible carrier reactive group of a solid phase carrier part.Multiple reactive group is applicable to Covalent bond quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent.Quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent can be by the silane moiety covalency of quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent It is bound to carrier reactive group.Silane moiety refers to the A of compound of formula I as used herein_4-n-Si-part.

Described silane moiety can carry out covalency by the silicon atom making carrier reactive group be covalently bond to silane moiety and tie It is bonded to carrier reactive group.Such as, in the case of carrier reactive group is hydroxyl, it is former that oxygen atom can allow to be bound to silicon Son, to form silicon-oxygen key, so that quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent is covalently attached to carrier molecule.A relevant embodiment party In case, silane moiety includes at least one-OR⁴, it leaves when attacking hydroxyl carrier reactive group.This reaction is in this article Can be described as condensation reaction.Therefore, quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent can be covalently attached to carrier molecule by condensation reaction.

Silane moiety may also comprise the A group containing reactive group (being referred to herein as silane reaction group).Silicon Alkane reactive group can be with carrier reaction-ity group reaction, to form covalent bond.

Silane reaction group, carrier reactive group and being applicable to makes quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent and solid phase carrier covalency Connect reaction classification substantially bioconjugate chemistry field it is well known that those.These include but not limited to, nucleophilic takes Generation (such as, amine and alcohol and acyl halide, the reaction of active ester), electrophilic replace (such as, enamine reaction) and carbon-to-carbon and carbon-miscellaneous The addition (such as, reversal of the Michael addition, diels-Alder that additive reaction) of atom multiple bond.These react and other Useful reaction at such as March, Advanced Organic Chemistry, the 3rd edition, John Wiley&Sons, New York,1985；Hermanson,Bioconjugate Techniques,Academic Press,San Diego,1996；With And Feeney etc., Modification Of Proteins；Advances in Chemistry Series, volume 198, Discussing in American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., 1982, disclosures of these documents exists This is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.

Useful silane and carrier reactive functional groups include such as:

A () carboxyl and various derivant thereof, include but not limited to, N-hydroxy-succinamide ester, N-hydroxybenzotriazole Ester, acyl halide, acylimidazole, thioesters, p-nitrophenyl ester, alkyl, thiazolinyl, alkynyl and aromatic ester；

B () can change into the hydroxyl of ester, ether, aldehyde etc.；

(c) haloalkyl, wherein halogenide subsequently can by nucleophilic group such as amine, carboxylate anion, thiol anion, Carbanion or alkoxide ion displacement, thus cause new group covalently bound in halogen atom site；

D () can participate in the dienophile group of your reaction of diels-Alder, such as dimaleoyl imino；

E () makes such as to add as imines, hydrazone, semicarbazones or oxime or by such as grignard by forming carbonyl derivative The aldehydes or ketones group that these mechanism of one-tenth or lithium alkylide addition may perform the derivatization subsequently；

F () is reacted such as to form the sulfuryl halide group of sulfonamide for subsequently with amine；

G () can be converted into disulphide or the mercapto that can react with acyl halide；

H () can such as be acylated, alkylation or the amine of oxidation or sulfydryl；

I () can such as experience the alkene of the reaction such as cycloaddition, acylated, Michael's addition；

J epoxide that () can be reacted with such as amine and hydroxy compounds；And

K () is applicable to phosphoramidite and the other standards functional group of nucleic acid synthesis.

Reactive functional groups can be selected so that they are not involved in or interfere required for gathering quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings Reaction.Or, silane or carrier reactive functional groups can carry out protection make it be not involved in reaction by there is blocking group.This Skilled person will appreciate how to protect particular functional group to make it not interfere selected one group reaction condition.For useful Blocking group example, sees Greene etc., Protective Groups In Organic Synthesis, John Wiley& Sons, New York, 1991, the disclosure of described document is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.

May be used without joint and quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent is connected to solid phase carrier.Joint may be included in organic with quaternary ammonium Reactive group at the junction point of silane reagent and/or solid phase carrier.Any applicable joint can be used in the present invention, bag Include substituted or unsubstituted alkylidene, substituted or unsubstituted miscellaneous alkylidene, substituted or unsubstituted ring alkylidene, replacement or not Substituted heterocycloalkylene group, substituted or unsubstituted arlydene and substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylidene.Exemplary at one In embodiment, linking group is selected from substituted or unsubstituted alkylidene and substituted or unsubstituted miscellaneous alkylidene.A phase In the embodiment closed, joint is selected from unsubstituted alkylidene, the alkylidene replaced by least one epoxide, unsubstituted miscellaneous Asia Alkyl and the miscellaneous alkylidene replaced by least one epoxide.In the embodiment that another is relevant, joint is selected from unsubstituted (C₁-C₂₅) alkylidene, (the C that replaced by least one epoxide₁-C₂₅) alkylidene, unsubstituted 2 to 26 yuan of miscellaneous alkylidenes and 2 to the 26 yuan of miscellaneous alkylidenes replaced by least one epoxide.

Other useful joints include those joints (such as, Polyethylene Glycol) and the derivant thereof with polyester backbone.Various The useful joint of various kinds commercially available (such as, polyethylene glycol groups joint, such as the Nektar from Huntsville, Alabama, Inc. those being purchased).

Quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent is used as any interaction non-covalent linking to solid phase carrier, described interaction Such as Van der Waals interaction, hydrophobic interaction, dipole-dipole interaction, electrostatic interaction and/or hydrogen bond phase interaction With.

In an exemplary embodiment, quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent forming part or solid phase carrier poly-is completely covered Polymeric network.In the case of quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent forms polymer network, quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent can be additionally with solid Phase carrier forms covalent bond and/or non-covalent bond.

Quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent generally forms polymer network by being covalently bond to silane moiety.At silane moiety Comprise at least one-OR⁴In the case of group, quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent can form the silicon tree with a series of silicon-oxygen-silicon bound Lipopolymer.Described silicones can be linear polymer or cross linked polymer.Such as, at least two-OR is comprised at silane moiety⁴ In the case of group, quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent can form cross-linked silicone polymer, and the most each Silicon stone atom is formed at least A part for two silicon-oxygen-silicon bounds.Therefore, can use and can form covalent intermolecular bond with other silane reaction groups Silane reaction group realizes polymerization.

In an exemplary embodiment, quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent connects with liquid, aqueous before being applied to solid phase carrier Touch.As discussed above, useful quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent includes containing the hydrolyzable alkoxy groups being bound to silicon atom Those reagent.When contacting with hydrone, alkoxyl (such as, methoxyl group) hydrolyzable forms the substituted silicon atom of hydroxyl (at this In literary composition also referred to as " silanol "), discharge the alcohol (referred to herein as condensation) as hydrolysising by-product simultaneously.Adding above group The gained compound formed during the quaternary ammonium organosilane of compound is corresponding unitary, binary or ternary silanol material.When hydrolysis The reactive silicon alcohol matter of preparation can form covalency silicon-oxygen-silicon bound with other silanol materials, thus is formed as described above poly- Compound coating.The polymer coating of gained can be non-covalent and/or be covalently bond to the molecular network of solid phase carrier.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings can form three-dimensional, crosslinking, water-insoluble polymerization Thing coating, it can not be condensed silanol or alkoxy portion containing some.Using the aqueous solution containing quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent Afterwards, monomer, dimer or oligomer material may be present on solid phase carrier, and these can be bound to solid phase carrier no matter It is by covalency mechanism or to pass through non-covalent mechanism.

The quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings formed on solid phase carrier keeps its antimicrobial acivity.They are for solid phase carrier It is self-existent and most of insoluble in liquid, aqueous.Such as, in some embodiments, NSF is being passed through International, Ann Arbor, MI can detect that in water the quaternary ammonium less than 10ppb is organic after carrying out standard 42 test Silane reagent.

In an exemplary embodiment, quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings has with following formula:

In Formula II, A, R, R^l、R²And R³For as defined above for formula I.W is solid phase carrier as above.Solid phase carries Body W can include blank area and/or remaining reaction group.Symbol l represents the integer selected from 1,2 or 3.Symbol m and j represents only On the spot being selected from the integer of 0,1,2 and 3, wherein both m and j are 0 time different.M, j and l sum is not more than four.Relevant at one In embodiment, l is 1,2 or 3；M is 1,2 or 3, and j is 1,2 or 3.In the embodiment that another is relevant, l is 1；m It is 1,2 or 3, and j is 1,2 or 3.

Microorganism

The organism that as used herein term " microorganism " is checked merely by microscope when meaning independent.Term is micro- Biology include such as antibacterial, fungus, actinomycetes, algae, protozoacide, yeast, pathogenic bacteria, pearl, nematode, virus, Protein virus And algae.Therefore, in an exemplary embodiment, microorganism is selected from antibacterial, virus (referred to herein as phagocytosis Body), fungus, algae, mycete, yeast, spore and protozoon parasite.Term " antibacterial " include gram-positive bacterium and Gram negative bacteria.

Gram-positive bacterium includes such as certain (Bacillus sp.) (trophocyte), corynebacterium diphtheriae of Bacillus (Corynebacterium diptheriae), micrococcus luteus (Micrococcus lutea), Micrococcus certain (Micrococcus sp.), tubercule bacillus (Mycobacterium tuberculosis), smegma bacillus (Mycobacterium smegmatis), Propionibacterium (Propionibacterium acnes), Staphylococcus aureus Bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus), staphylococcus epidermidis (Staphylococcus epidermidis), streptococcus faecalis (Streptococcus faecalis), Streptococcus mutans (Streptococcus mutans), streptococcus pneumoniae (Streptococcus pneumonia) and streptococcus pyogenes (Streptococcus pyogenes).

Gram negative bacteria include such as acinetobacter calcoaceticus (Acinetobacter calcoaceticus), addicted to Hydrophila (Aeromonas hydrophilia), special-shaped citrobacter (Citrobacter deversus), Freund lemon Lemon acidfast bacilli (Citrobacter freundi), clostridium perfringen (Enterobacter aerogenes), Enterobacter Aglomera, escherichia coli (Escherichia coli), acid-producing Klebsiella bacterium (Klebsiella oxytoca), pneumonia gram The primary Salmonella of thunder (Klebsiella pneumoniae), Klebsiella terrigena (Klebsiella terriena), addicted to lung legion Bacterium (Legionella pneumophila), morganella morganii (Morganella morganii), proteus mirabilis (Proteus mirabilis), proteus vulgaris (Proteus vulgaris), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseudomonas Aeruginosa), pseudomonas fluorescens (Pseudomonas fluorscens), Salmonella choleraesuls (Salmonella Cholera suis), Salmonella typhi (Salmonella typhi), Salmonella typhimurium (Salmonella Typhimurium), Serratia liquefaciens (Serratia liquifaciens) and xanthomonas campestris (Xanthomonas campestris)。

Virus include such as adenovirus II type and IV type, cow adenovirus I type and IV type, cat's flu, herpes simplex type I, Herpes simplex type II, HIV-l (AIDS), influenza A2 (liking county magistrate), influenza A2 (Asia), influenza B, parotitis, parainfluenza (celestial platform), reovirus I type, simian virus 40, cowpox, MS2, T2 (nonenveloped virus) and PRDl.

Fungus, algae, mycete, yeast and spore include such as alternaric bacteria (Alterania alternate), Huang Qu Mould (Aspergillus flavus), aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger), aspergillus sydowi (Aspergillus Sydowi), aspergillus terreus (Aspergillus terreus), aspergillus versicolor (Aspergillus versicolor), wart spore aspergillosis (Aspergillus verrucaria), Aureobasidium pullulans (Aureobasidium pullans), Candida albicans (Candida Albicans), candida pseudotropicalis (Candida pseudotropocalis), chaetomium globosum (Chaetomium Globsum), the dendritic cladosporium of bud (Cladosporium cladosporioides), chlorella vulgaris (Chlorella Vulgaris), Dreschslera australiensis, Epidermophyton certain (Epidermophyton sp.), Gliomasta cerealis, Gloeophyllum trabeum (Gloeophyllum trabeum), Microsporon certain (Microsporum sp.), microsporon audouini (Microsporum audouinii), Ge Ruisai candidiasis (Monilia Grisea), Oscillatoria (Oscillatoria), Penicllium chrysogenum (Penicillium chrysogenum), Penicillium commune (Pencillium commune), penicillium funiculosum (Penicillium funiculosum), Penicillium Pinophiliumm, penicillium variable (Penicillium variable), class Phoma sp (Phoma fimeti), Pithomyces chartarum (Pithomyces chartarum), cotton rotten transverse hole fungus (Poria placenta), Scenedesmus (Scenedesmus), wine brewing Yeast (Saccharonyces cerevisiae), Scolecobasidium humicola (Scolecobasidium humicola), green Trichoderma spp. (Trichoderma viride), Trichophyton interdigitale (Trichophyton interdigitale), Trichophyton Maidson, alpha fungus (Trichophyton mentogrophyte) and certain (Trichophyton of trichophyton sp)。

Protozoon parasite includes the least Cryptosporidium (egg capsule) and Giardia.

About for gram-positive bacterium, gram negative bacteria, virus, fungus, algae, mycete, yeast, spore with And more details of the antimicrobial acivity of protozoon parasite, see Hsiao, Y., Chinese patent application PCT/ CN98/00207(1998)；Malek, J. etc., United States Patent (USP) 4,259,103 (1981)；Klein, S., United States Patent (USP) 4,394, 378(1983)；Eudy, W., United States Patent (USP) 4,406,892 (1983)；Gettings, R. etc., United States Patent (USP) 4,908,355 And United States Patent (USP) 5,013,459 (1991) (1990)；Blank, L. etc., United States Patent (USP) 5,145,596 (1992)；Avery, R. are beautiful State's patent 5,411,585 (1995)；Blank, L. etc., patent 4,865,844 (1989)；Battice, D. etc., United States Patent (USP) 4, 631,297(1986)；Higgs, B. etc., patent 5,359,104 (1994)；Avery, R etc., United States Patent (USP) 5,411,585 (1995)；White, W. etc., Book of Papers, 12th Annual Nonwovens Tech.Symposium, 13-46 Page (1984)；McGee, J. etc., Am.Dyestuff Rep.6:56-59 (1983)；Dow Corning Technical Brochure；22-994-83(1983)；Gettings, R. etc., Book of Papers, American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists National Technical Conference, the 259-261 page (1978)；Dow Corning Technical Brochure,24-095-85(1985)；Tsao, I. etc., Biotechnol.Bioeng.,34:639-46(1989)；Tsao, I etc., ACS Symp.Ser.419:250-67 (1990)； Klein, M. etc., Principles of Viral Inactivation, the 3rd edition, S.Block edits, (Lea&Febiger, Philadelphia, PA) the 422-434 page (1983)；Peterson, W. etc., United States Patent (USP) 6,613,755；Each document is to draw Mode be integrally incorporated herein.

Conventional quaternary ammonium organosilane as 42% active material in methanol with trade name DOW5700 (3-(trimethoxy-silyl) propyl-dimethyl octadecyl ammonium chloride) is by the Aegis of Midland, MI Environmental Management, Inc. sell and with Requat 1977 (3-(trimethoxysilyl)-propyl group Didecyl methyl ammonium chloride) sold by the Sanitized Inc. of New Preston, CT.As 60% activity methanol solution Octadecyl dimethyl (3-trimethoxy-silylpropyl) ammonium chloride (catalog number (Cat.No.) SI06620.0), methanol as 50% are molten Tetradecyl dimethyl (3-trimethoxy-silylpropyl) ammonium chloride (catalog number (Cat.No.) SIT7090.0) of liquid and as 42% first Didecyl methyl (3-trimethoxy-silylpropyl) ammonium chloride (catalog number (Cat.No.) SID3392.0) of alcoholic solution by Tullytown, The Gelest of P A., Inc. provide.They are generally used by solvent solution such as lower alcohol.

Embodiment

Following example provide the most by way of illustration, and do not provide constraints.Those skilled in the art will easily Identifying multiple nonessential parameter, described parameter can change or revise to produce similar results.

ODTA: octadecyl dimethyl (3-trimethoxysilyl) propyl ammonium chloride.As 42% activity in methanol Material obtains from Wright Chemical Corp., Wilmington, NC.This material is alternatively referred to as 3-(trimethyoxysilane Base) propyl group-dimethyl octadecyl ammonium chloride.Also can be as 42% active material from Aegis Environmental Management, Inc., Midland, MI obtain, and it is with DOW5700 sell.

REQUAT:3-(trimethoxysilyl) propy didecylmethyl ammonium chloride.From Sanitized Inc., New Preston, CT obtain；Requat 1977 is 42% active material in methanol.

TDTA:3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl group tetradecyl alkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, from Gelest, Inc., Tullytown, P A obtains as 50% methanol solution, catalog number (Cat.No.) SIT7090.0.

Embodiment 1

The solution being suitable to use is prepared by under agitation being added in 100 parts of deionized waters by 4 parts of ODTA.By atomization Gained settled solution is applied in uncovered polrvinyl chloride (PVC) flat bottom evaporating dishes,double by injection, it is ensured that all surface is the most moistening.Make Evaporating dish air-dries 24 hours, so that quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent is cured to vessel surface, thus forms quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings. Will be previously used containing bacteria levelsTest kit is measured as 10⁷The water of individual total antibacterial/ml is often to put down Side's inch surface amasss the ratio of 4.6 grams of water and adds evaporating dish.After 30 minutes, useTest kit To water sampling.After incubation, measure to 10⁵Individual antibacterial/ml.At 1 hour and 4 hours to test water sub-sampling again, obtain respectively 10⁴< 10³Count of bacteria.

Embodiment 2

Prepare according to embodiment 14 ounces of solution are added 1 pint of tin metal test with 3/4 inch spiral lid In container.Agitating solution continues 1 minute with complete wetting inner surface of container, and then decant.Test container is made to air-dry one little Time.Purged 5 minutes by air and remove residue vapor, and then continue to be heated to 105 DEG C in one hour by container, so that quaternary ammonium Organosilane reagents is cured to vessel surface, thus forms quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings.To have high count of bacteria is 10⁷Individual carefully The water (300g) of bacterium/ml adds in test container.Test container is made at room temperature to place one hour.After 2 hours, useTest kit measures 10³The test water bacteria level of individual antibacterial/ml.

Embodiment 3

With the aqueous solution containing 1.5%TDTA process two oz glass, high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE), polypropylene (PP) or The container of polrvinyl chloride (PVC).Continue within one hour, to be heated to 100C, so that quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent is cured to container by container Surface, thus form quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings.Then with one ounce of each container of deionized water rinsing.One ounce is contained 10⁵The water of individual antibacterial/ml adds each container and closes the lid.After at room temperature 24 hours, each container is sampled and usesTest kit measures antibacterial.All containers indicate 10 after hatching 24 hours³The antibacterial of individual antibacterial/ml Counting.

Embodiment 4

It is 8 feet and aluminum that interior diameter is 1/4 inch volume by the solution treated length of 8 parts of REQUAT and 100 parts of isopropanols Testing tube.Fill described pipe with solution, be sealed against and make it place 15 minutes.By described bank of tubes sky and in order to 100ml/ minute Speed continues to flow to sector-style by the compressed air of described pipe in 24 hours and does, so that quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent is cured to pipe table Face, thus form quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings.Make containing 10⁷The individual antibacterial of unit/ml and the liquid, aqueous of algae are rolled up by aluminum Pipe.Make the liquid, aqueous speed gravity circulation with 5ml/ minute pass through described pipe, cause < 10³The pollution of individual antibacterial/ml.

Embodiment 5

It is applicable to the antimicrobial solutions processing siliceous surface (including sand and zeolite) by being added by 67.5 grams of REQUAT Prepared by the agitating solution containing 3.375kg deionized water and 3 grams of 3-TSL 8330s.At gyratory shaker Through 5 minutes 1kg settled solution is sprayed to 50 pounds of #20 white Silicon stone pond filter sands.Under agitation the material of moistening is remixed one Hour, and make to air-dry 24 hours, so that quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent is cured to sand surface, thus forms quaternary ammonium organosilane and be coated with Layer.Treated sand is used, to pollute microorganism from 10 in the operation of 30 minutes in recirculating water system⁷Individual antibacterial/ Ml is decreased to < 10³Individual antibacterial/ml, as passed throughTest kit is measured.

Embodiment 6

Clinoptilolite (the Ash of about 90%20-40 mesh is contained by the solution complete wetting containing 7 parts of ODTA and 93 parts of water Meadows Zeolites, LLC) zeolite.The zeolite making moistening air-dry 24 hours and then in blowing-type baking oven 110 Heat 2 hours at DEG C, so that quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent is cured to zeolite surface, thus form quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings.Will Treated zeolite is placed in 2 inch PVC pipe that total length is 38 inches.As described below, make the phage containing known quantity, thin Bacterium, algae and protozoacide dechlorination water are through the pvc pipe of the zeolite containing quaternary ammonium organosilane coating.

Experimental provision by be connected to manifold (including for hose connection accessory) one group of three filter (filter 1, 2 and 3) sample port (the seeing Fig. 6) composition and at the entrance and exit of each filter.Surface pipe component before ingress port Inside include inline blender, make microorganism monodispersity maximize.Use Thermal protection pump by challenge test water with 330ml/min's Flow velocity pumps into each filter.

Before each Microbial Challenge, with dechlorination tap water, filter is rinsed 25 minutes.Use granular active carbon Filter makes flushing water dechlorination and measured cl residue before and after using Hach method 8167 dechlorination.

By the microorganism of known quantity being added 20 liters of dechlorinations in polypropylene containers (Nalgene, Rochester, NY) Tap water is prepared challenge test water.Only before adding container, wash microorganism with 1X phosphate buffered saline (PBS).Will challenge Test water container is placed on the agitating plate of the stirrer with Teflon coating and persistently mixes, to provide microorganism flowing into water Interior is uniformly distributed.Thermal protection pump (Little Giant Potent Pump, Oklahoma City, OK) is used challenge to be surveyed Examination water pumps into each filter.Pump is started by recycling microorganism stock solution before being used.By hose connection to each mistake The inlet fitting of filter.To each filter pump operation 12 minutes.Use 1000ml graduated cylinder measurement flow rate and by flow velocity Adjust to 330ml/min, such as CSL and recommend.Hydraulic parameters based on system, each filter needs to run 12 minutes, with Can stablize.Obtained from each filter after 12 minutes and flow out sample and collected from the second filter after eight minutes Single inflow sample, this represents the inflow concentration of entire run.Once test, the most again by dechlorination tap water washing and filtering Device 30 minutes.

Embodiment 6.1 phage

Series of experiments is carried out with phage MS2 and PRD1.Obtain and flow out sample and flow into sample and proceeded as above Dilution.The sample of serial dilution MS2 and PRD1 and use its corresponding bacterial host by double layer agar method be measured (Adams, M.H.,Bacteriophages,Interscience,New York(1959)).Described plate is hatched 24 hours under 37C, The clear viral plaque of inside counting during this period of time.Result is shown in FIG.The log of MS2 and PRD1 removes and inactivation scope is respectively 2.40log to 2.96log and 1.50log to 2.27log.The super average removal of MS2 and PRD1 is respectively 2.8log and 2.0log. The zeolite of data display quaternary ammonium organosilane coating can reduce the viable count of liquid, aqueous interior phage.

Embodiment 6.2 antibacterial

A series of independent experiment is carried out with antibacterial Klebsiella terrigena and escherichia coli (ATCC 25922).Obtain stream Go out sample and flow into sample dilution proceeded as above.The film filter being used 0.4 μm aperture by membrane filtration technique is measured Sample.Film filter is placed on selective medium and hatches under 37C 24 hours, now enumeration of bacterial colonies.Result exhibition Show in Fig. 2 (A) and Fig. 2 (B).As shown in Fig. 2 (A) and Fig. 3, all filters are observed the consistent of Klebsiella Property remove, in the range from 99.37% (2.2log) to 99.60% (2.4log), its meansigma methods is 99.50% (2.3log).As Shown in Fig. 2 (B), escherichia coli clearance scope is 99.96% (3.50log) to 99.99% (4.39log), and its meansigma methods is 99.98% (3.88log).The zeolite of this research display quaternary ammonium organosilane coating is effectively reduced depositing of aqueous fluid Endophytic bacteria Number alive.

Embodiment 6.3 algae

Chlorella is used to test, to determine that medium is for the removal of algae and deactivation.Obtain and flow out sample With inflow sample dilution proceeded as above.By centrifugal action concentrating sample before measuring total removal and inactivation.By Carry out cumulative volume counting under microscope and determine clearance.By viability measurements determination inactivation ratio.Exist with 2% trypsin In hanks' balanced salt solution) digest alga cells and dye with diacetic acid fluorescein (Sigma Chemicals F-7378). Diacetic acid fluorescein (FDA) is the nonpolar ester through cell membrane.Once arrive intracellular, (be present in living cells by esterase Interior enzyme) hydrolysis FDA is to produce fluorescein, and described fluorescein is accumulated in living cells wall and sends fluorescence under w light.Use It is equipped with the alga cells alive of the quantitative algae of microscope of white light and ultraviolet light and dead alga cells.Result is illustrated in Fig. 4.For Filter 1,2 and 3 observes that 99.11% (2.05log), 98.74% (1.90log) and 98.74% (1.90log's) is flat respectively All clearances.The meansigma methods of three inactivation measured values of filter 1,2 and 3 is respectively 11% (0.05%), 12% (0.06log) With 22% (0.11log).But, based on individual measurements, total inactivation scope of three filters be 5% (0.02log) extremely 46% (0.27log) and average out to 15% (0.07log).It is clear that the zeolite of quaternary ammonium organosilane coating can effectively subtract The viable count of few liquid, aqueous interior algae.

Embodiment 6.4 protozoon parasite

From Tucson city, Arizona State University of Arizona (University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona) Stirling parasitology laboratory (Sterling Parasitology Laboratory) obtain little Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts suspended, and Use it for measuring the removal of infectious egg capsule or inactivation effect.Determine little hidden by the hematimeter counting on dense sample The clearance of sporozoon egg capsule, and use cell culture technology and most probable number MPN to measure (FDM-by infectivity point detection method MPN) number (Slifko etc., Applied Environmental Microbiology, the 65:3936-of infectious egg capsule are measured 3941(1999)).Result is illustrated in Fig. 5.

For all three filter, the accumulative removal rate/inactivation ratio average out to of infectious little Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts suspended 97.9% (1.68log).For filter 1,2 and 3, removal or the inactivation performance of each filter are respectively 95.4% (1.34log), 99.3% (2.15log) and 98.9% (1.96log).(only) the clearance average out to 71.3% of egg capsule (0.54log), wherein indivedual clearances of filter 1,2 and 3 be respectively 75.9% (0.62log), 65.5% (0.46log) and 72.4% (0.56).The zeolite of research instruction quaternary ammonium organosilane coating is effectively reduced liquid, aqueous interior protozoon parasite Viable count.

Open-porous base

The different embodiments of static fluid decontamination system may utilize perforate (netted) foam (synthesis and natural two kinds).? In detailed description of the invention, as limiting examples, open celled foam (foam) is by one or more holes group with following structure Become: as limiting examples, such as, tetrahedron, spherical shell shape (" bucky-ball (bucky-ball) "), dodecahedron, ten four sides Body, Weaire-Phelan structure, Nidus Vespae, two truncated cube Nidus Vespaes (Kelvin structure), octahedra, above every any group Close and any other is polyhedron-shaped.The embodiment utilizing Weaire-Phelan structure can be appointed in conjunction with disclosed below What structure: D.Weaire etc., " A Counter-Example to Kelvin ' s Conjecture on Minimal Surfaces, " Phil.Mag.Let.69:107-110 (1994), the disclosure of described document entirety by reference is also Enter herein.Open celled foam forms the interference networks of solid struts.In a particular embodiment, foam aperture aberration soap bubble is equally arranged Row, thus form the three-dimensional compression array of similarly sized bubble spline structure.These structures can have volume maximum in theory also And for given volume, there is minimal surface area.When filling liquid, resulting structures is similar to the interpenetrating networks of polymer.

Foam containing any above structure can be used for various pore structure, as measured by with per inch hole count (PPI).? In different embodiments, the pore diameter range in terms of PPI can be about 10 to about 110.In a specific embodiment, aperture can be about 20 To about 40PPI.In other embodiments, aperture can be 30PPI and less.Have observed that along with aperture reduce 110PPI with On, sterilization speed and efficiency reduce.In different open-cell foam materials are such as natural open-cell foam materials such as sponge, whole material Interior actual apertures size can significantly change (they can have the average PPI in range above), but the most also will Occur after processing with organosilane quaternary compound.In different embodiments, open celled foam is compressible structure and incites somebody to action Meet the shape of the container of applicable size.In a specific embodiment, the size at described foam is substantially filled with the whole of container During individual volume, the liquid volume that described foam is contained in replacing less than about 5% container.With organosilane quaternary compound After process, handled foam can be compressed to less than about the 25% of its initial volume and loses without observable antimicrobial acivity Lose.

Foam used in the embodiment of static fluid decontamination system disclosed herein can be by including following material Make: plastics, polymeric material, rustless steel, copper, silicon, carbon and carborundum.In a specific embodiment, plastic foam can be by Primary or recirculation polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) composition.Different embodiment party In formula, carbon foam may make up at least some of of activated carbon.The reality that foam is made up of metal, semimetal or composite wherein Executing in mode, described foam can use network form.In the case of foam is made up of polyethylene and other plastic materials, They can be by New England Foam Products, those of LLC of Hartford, CT manufacture.Foam is adopted wherein With in the different embodiments of grid configuration, the grid processed with organosilane quaternary compound also can be arranged in as mechanical agitation The 3D shape that device is the same.

By will contain about 0.1 weight via additive method disclosed in dipping, press atomization, electrostatic spraying processes and this document Aqueous solution or the alcoholic solution of the organosilan quaternary ammonium phosphonium halide compounds of amount % to about 5.0 weight % are applied to foam substrate Prepare the embodiment of antimicrobial foam all as disclosed herein those.The foam making moistening air-dries or is heated to about 120C, to realize the antimicrobial membranes solidification to foam hole surface.When dried/cured, foam pore structure surface is contained and is passed through Silsesquioxane spline structure is attached to the substantially uniform organosilan material film on surface.The combination film of gained does not dissolves in Water and common solvent and will not remove or spill at aqueous environment run duration.Blue dyes can be carried out by using bromophenol blue Test visually assessment combination film covering in foaming structure.By a certain amount of bromophenol blue solution is applied to foam And make described solution stop on foam afterwards about 30 seconds, wash out bromophenol blue solution from described foam and test.Keep Blue foaming structure part is those parts containing combination film because bromophenol blue be connected to organosilan material rather than Foamed materials.

In different embodiments, the organosilane quaternary compound for processing can be octadecyl dimethyl-(3-tri-hydroxyl Base silylpropyl) ammonium chloride.In other embodiments, the organosilan parent material for forming thin film can include with Lower one, all or any:

Octadecyl dimethyl (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) propyl ammonium chloride: C₁₈H₃₅(CH₃)₂N⁺(CH₃O)₃SiC₃H₇Cl^-

Tetradecyl dimethyl-(3-trimethoxy-silylpropyl) ammonium chloride: C₁₄H₂₉(CH₃)₂N⁺(CH₃O)₃SiC₃H₇Cl^-

Didecyl methyl-(3-trimethoxy-silylpropyl) ammonium chloride (C₁₀H₂₁)₂CH₃N⁺(CH₃O)₃SiC₃H₇CI^-

In different embodiments, other substrate reactivity organosilans containing ammonium chloride moiety can be used.In difference Embodiment can use any organic silane compound disclosed in this document.

In the document, disclosing the filter medium processed with organosilan quaternary material, described medium is from flowing through filtration Removing pathogen in the water of medium, for antibacterial be 2log and Cryptosporidium the least for protozoon parasite is for up to 98%.Previous theory is that media table area increase (particularly in the case of filter medium such as sand or zeolite) may result in dispersion Pathogen in water eliminates and inactivation increases.Foam disclosed herein and filter medium such as filter sand (tens m²/ g) or zeolite (hundreds of m²/ g) phase specific surface area is greatly reduced (less than or equal to about 1m²/ g), and be enough to the quiet of fluids for sterilization when being placed in liquid Significant antimicrobial acivity is shown time in state container.Seek during manufacture due to foam to form maximum volume and minimal surface Long-pending and gained surface can (be driven by surface tension and surface free energy effect), and open celled foam has minimal surface area.

Have observed that the removal of foam of the organosilane quaternary compound process of the principle manufacture according to the disclosure and inactivate Antibacterial, virus and Protozoon parasitosis substance, the infiltration foam one that the liquid static containing pathogen is exposed in container Section effective time section, eliminates up to 6log in 10 minutes.Show with these foams of organosilane quaternary compound process and passed through Inactivateing and eliminate the fluid disinfection that various pathogen quickly and efficiently makes them be contacted, described pathogen includes virus (tunica and without tunica), algae, gram-positive bacterium, gram negative bacteria and protozoon parasite (include little hidden Sporozoon and Giardia).Similar with other Antimicrobe compounds disclosed herein, disinfecting process be non-leaching and Can not detect Antimicrobial agent or compound gives to contact fluid.The hereafter performance of the embodiment of the visible foam processed Example:

Embodiment 7

The standard of the NSF world P248 test according to military use microbiology water purifier processes containing antibacterial, virus 20 samples with the water of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts suspended.The test of all 20 kinds of samples by needs in most 20 minutes, antibacterial Group decreases 6log, and virus groups decreases 4log, and Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts suspended decreases 3log.1-octadecyl ammonium will used Salt, the foam that N, N-dimethyl-N-(3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl group)-chlorine processes is placed in 20 samples so that it is With water Static Contact, in 10 minutes, 18 kinds in 20 kinds of samples meet testing standard, and to 15 minutes, all 20 kinds of samples All experience microorganisms reduce to required testing level.In the case, when remaining microorganism level in all samples at 15 minutes When inside reaching the level of required minimizing, reach effective time section.

Different from the filter medium using the process discussed before in this document, disinfecting process occurs to flow almost at fluid Do not exist or be not stored under the static conditions on the foam surface of process, and being therefore not intended to the filtered of pathogen removal Journey.Because foam is suitable under non-current fluid condition, so they time periods of persistently extending in being likely to be suited for container The antimicrobial of fluid stable.The time period of prolongation can be preserved and without growth of microorganism with the fluid of treated foam contacting Or need not external action as freezing.Therefore, those may be incorporated in the embodiment of treated foam as disclosed herein In fluid transport car such as milk container trailer and other food in bulk transport vehicle and system.Another benefit of the vehicles such as such as milk container trailer Place is, if foam is attached along the milk container internal circumference with the size extending radially into milk net load with aturegularaintervals, Then they will have barriering effect, thus reduce the momentum mobilization that during transportation milk moves around.But, because foam For antimicrobial, so the problem that the conventional milk container of trial metal baffle cleaning can be eliminated.In some embodiments, can make The gravity fed flow carried out in order to the foam processed filters, as long as can't carry out i.e. under the low pressure of mechanical damage thin film Can.

The effect of the open-porous base processed increased compared with the performance of the filter medium that organosilan processes time This result is unexpected.This is because the surface area of the foam medium of contact stain fluid is much smaller than filter medium.Such as, often The surface area of the foam embodiments of volume is little millions of times compared with the surface of zeolite and sand time.Such as, zeolite surface area Scope is hundreds of square meters per gram.By contrast, the foam of the process of surface area only 36.4 square feet can make receiving 2.5 liters The water bladder sterilization of water.Quickly there are (90 seconds 15 minutes) in the sterilization of this use foam compared with former system, former System relates to organosilan material coating bottles inner surface (3 hours).It is obtained in that the microorganism of the raising of several order of magnitude is gone out The bacteria inactivation rate lived or be similar to, as using the low surface area with several order of magnitude the foam institute for non-imposed stream The filter medium processed is the same, and static fluid service condition is afterclap, and its routine with those of ordinary skill in the art is known Sensible instead.

Upon using organosilane quaternary compound coating to prepare, treated foam just can be saved in outside liquid More than 5 years and still keep its antimicrobial acivity.Therefore, effective antimicrobial effect duration of treated foam is by specific Being exposed without for a long time of potential foamed materials opposing convection cell is flowed out or otherwise mechanical damage ability in fluid Determine.This means for may by coating foam process liquid volume the mechanical effect duration being limited to foam/ Stability.

As disclosed herein those can be to clear water and turbidity and visually opaque for the embodiment of foam Fluid disinfection, including food juices, plant extract, milk and milk product.These foams may be particularly useful for the most impermeable Free flow body, because Common fluids sterilization method includes energy-intensive ultraviolet (UV) radiation being widely used, for this radiation fluid It is necessary for transparent.Because foam need not any liquid substance is added liquid or penetrate in fluid, thus they with need Other conventional methods adding poisonous fluid-soluble compound are contrary, and described compound includes energy-intensive and poisonous smelly Oxygen or the most poisonous chlorine of generation carcinogen, iodine, chlorine dioxide and chloramines.The embodiment of foam as disclosed this Can be used for a bit cutting fluid or fracturing fluid (hydrocarbon [oily] and aqueous mixtures) and can without any other of granule blocking foam Fluid body is sterilized.As disclosed herein those can also be used for solid material the embodiment of foam, as dispersibled and can The powder sterilization of contact foam.In other embodiments, the embodiment of foam can be used for being provided solid by surface contact Body and the sterilization of liquid.Such as, in meat Package, meat can be laid on a piece of treated foam that (it can be specifically for bag The embodiment of packaging container), described foam will be used for killing meat and the transport before prepared by food and preserve during with meat The relevant microorganism in liquid.In these embodiments, by one or many of foam contacting meat (or other solids) Individual surface.

Those can use convection current to the embodiment of the static fluid decontamination system of employing open celled foam as disclosed herein The different embodiments of the method for body sterilization.The embodiment of described method includes making the fluid containing one or more microorganisms With the foam contacting using quaternary ammonium organosilane disclosed herein to apply in container, described container loads described foam and accommodates Described fluid.Described fluid can be containing one or more in any microorganism disclosed herein.Difference in described method In embodiment, one or more surfaces of the solid that described method comprises in can including making container and foam contacting.This solid Can disclosed in this document any solid, including food with containing other solid materials of one or more microorganisms.

With reference now to Fig. 7, in different embodiments, water bladder system 2 may utilize disclosed herein one or more Element is formed.Water bladder system 2 includes the flexible container 4 formed by rear part 6 and front part 8.Rear part and front part are It is placed in the flexure member of filter medium 10 opposition side, as it is shown in fig. 7, and then close and be sealed.Such as, implementing In mode, rear part and front part be placed on filter medium 10 and then heat seal, gluing, sew up or be otherwise coupled to Together, so that they are securely placed in around filter medium.Other bindiny mechanisms can be used, as long as flexure member is connecting Position will not spill fluid.In other embodiments, it is not necessary to individually rear part and front part, but may be formed at one Then the end solid memder containing opening, to introduce filter medium, and can close described opening to prevent undesirable leakage. In embodiments, flexible container is formed by polymer.

Filter medium 10 can include any filter medium disclosed above.As limiting examples, implement in difference In mode, filter medium includes the open celled foam 12 being positioned within flexible container, and wherein said open celled foam is coated with by having The quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings produced with the quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent of following formula:

Open celled foam can have any feature of any open celled foam described in this document, characteristic, size, element, character Deng.In embodiments, variable has following characteristic.A is the member independently selected from the group consisted of :-OR4, replacement Or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted miscellaneous alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycle alkane Base, substituted or unsubstituted aryl and substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl.R4 is the member selected from the group consisted of: Hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted miscellaneous alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, replacement or unsubstituted Heterocyclylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl and substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl.R is substituted or unsubstituted alkylene Base.R1, R2 and R3 are the member being each independently selected from the group consisted of: hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, replacement or Unsubstituted miscellaneous alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted Heterocyclylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted virtue Base；And substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl.Z is selected from the member of group consisted of: fluoride, chloride, bromide, Iodide, toluene fulfonate, hydroxide, sulfate and phosphate.The value of n is 1,2 or 3.

Above with respect to as described in other open celled foams, per inch hole count (PPI) scope that open celled foam 12 can include is Between 10PPI and 110PPI.In embodiments, every gram of surface area of open celled foam is less than filter sand and/or every gram of table of zeolite Area.

As it is shown in fig. 7, flexible container includes the inside that filter medium is positioned at.Flexible container the most also includes opening (charging door) (the first opening) 20, it provides the passage internal with it.Water or any other fluid are introduced by described opening Inside flexible container.Described opening can have any number of structure, and in shown structure, it includes having for accepting supporting The circular ridge of the female thread of parts, as will be described below.In other embodiments, other shapes, component and company can be used Connection mechanism.

Again referring to Fig. 7, it is shown that for connecting two matching components of opening 20.Illustrating fill cap 42, it includes air cock 44.In embodiments, air cock is check-valves 46.Also show that filter assemblies (filter) 22.Fill cap 42 and filter Assembly 22 can be connected with flexible container alternatively by coming in being threaded to the screw thread of opening 20.Fig. 8 illustrates filter assemblies 22 Exploded view.Visible different parts in exploded view.Threaded collar 24 is in component bottom.

Being screen cloth 26 at filter assemblies top, in said embodiment, described screen cloth is polrvinyl chloride (PVC) screen cloth 28, although other polymer or other non-polymer materials can be used in other embodiments, such as metal, pottery or compound Thing.Can be seen that, described screen cloth includes multiple holes that fluid can flow through, and as general screen cloth, described screen cloth is additionally operable to stop Filter assemblies is passed more than the component of sieve screen apertures.If it is therefoie, for example, water bladder system is equipped with lake water, stream etc., then described Screen cloth will prevent sandstone, walk, weeds, leaves, organism and enters filter assemblies more than other foreign material in described hole.

Gasket seal 40 is connected with screen cloth 26 and allows screen cloth to provide the ridge abutting against flexible container formation opening 20 tight Seal.In embodiments, formed opening 20 ridge actually can be formed by rigid material, described rigid material for example, with scratch Property container is glued, heat-sealing or the material that is otherwise connected.In other embodiments, the ridge forming opening 20 can be simply For forming the thicker portion (being integrally formed) of the commaterial of flexible container remainder, the sidewall of flexible container remainder Thickness is sufficiently small or thin to allow the pliability of flexible container.Flexible pad can be connected to screen cloth 26 and can by frictional fit Therefrom remove, the most replaceable.

Return to Fig. 8, be dual density medium 36 below screen cloth 26.In embodiments, dual density medium is 5 micron polyestef Half rigidity dual density medium 38.Dual density medium is used as filter, similar with general screen cloth, can not wear because of the least by stoping Cross composition therein to enter inside flexible container.As seen from accompanying drawing and it is contemplated that, the hole of dual density medium can much smaller than sieve Mesh, and therefore by stoping composition to enter inside flexible container for being filtered through the fluid of described screen cloth further, Described composition sufficiently small with through sieve screen apertures but cannot pass through the most greatly dual density medium.

It it is filter medium 30 below dual density medium 36.Filter medium 30 is grid 32 in the illustrated embodiment.? Different embodiments, grid is 5 micrometer nylon 6/6 grids 34.In embodiments, the hole of grid is smaller than dual density medium Hole, and therefore can enter inside flexible container for being filtered through described dual density medium further by stoping composition Fluid, described composition sufficiently small with through dual density dielectric openings but cannot pass through the most greatly dual density medium.Other embodiment party In formula, the hole dimension of described grid can be identical with dual density medium holes.

Screen cloth 26 has the cylindrical chamber that dual density medium is loaded.Then dual density medium 36 is placed in this cylindrical chamber and Place grid 32, so that its lower surface covers the perforate of cylindrical chamber and so that each side of grid 32 is positioned at screen side wall On (formation cylindrical chamber) outside.Then threaded collar 24 is slided into described grid and is formed on the screen side wall of cylindrical chamber, with shape Become frictional fit.Therefore frictional fit makes threaded collar 24 be connected with screen cloth 26, makes grid 32 be fixed in situ, and grid 32 makes Dual density medium 36 is fixed in cylindrical chamber, so that it is guaranteed that by through the fluid of filter assemblies oppressed through screen cloth 26, double Density medium 36 and grid 32, escape and enter the inside of flexible container 2 afterwards from filter assemblies 22.

In embodiments, user can change dual density medium 36 and/or grid 32 frequently.This can be by via manually Power separately threaded collar 24 and screen cloth 26, leave behind from it and then abandon dual density medium and/or grid is carried out.Can be by new double Density medium and/or grid are placed in appropriate location.Grid 32 can have visualizer, such as dotted line or coloring line, helps to make Grid 32 is positioned at the center that screen cloth 26 is formed in the sidewall edge of cylindrical chamber by user.Then user is by above-mentioned sidewall Upper upward sliding threaded collar 24 replaces it to form frictional fit, as described above.This frictional fit is formed at threaded collar 24, grid 32 and the seam of screen cloth 26.

Fig. 7 illustrates fill cap 42 and the filter assemblies 22 of opening 20 near-end.As described in the most to a certain degree, they are each Coordinate alternatively with opening 20 from being all configured as.It is thus possible, for instance fill cap 42 generally can be at appropriate location, and using When person needs with fluid filled flexible container, user can cover by outwarding winding and itself and opening are separated removal fill cap, as Shown in Fig. 9 A.Then user can be by coming described filtration at opening 20 in filter assemblies rotates to provided screw thread Device assembly is connected to flexible container, as shown in Figure 9 B.

Fig. 9 C illustrates the step of a kind of method of fluid filled flexible container.Once filter assemblies is placed in suitable position Put, as shown in Figure 9 B, then flexible container can be immersed in bodies of fluid by user.Described fluid can be water, such as lake, small stream, The water of the inside such as river, bathtub, tank, pond, big puddle, although in other embodiments, it can be fluid in addition to water, Described for use fluid is drunk or is used for some other purposes in either case by user, and water bladder system is used for filtering And/or sterilize or otherwise kill the microbial components in described fluid or make it harmless.As directed, place flexibility Container is so that it is normally immersed into below flow surface.In different embodiments, this can relate to flexible container is placed in fluid Above any deposit layer on bottom source.

Fig. 9 C representativeness person's of being shown with manual squeezing flexible container.Repeatable such extruding and can passing through Hands, foot or some other elements are carried out, until no longer having bubble emerge from flexible container and pass through screen cloth.Bubble stop from When flexible container is emerged, it generally already filled with.Then user can be outwarded winding and remove filter assemblies, as shown in fig. 9d, And replace fill cap by being rotated appropriate location, and fill cap is tightly rotated to appropriate location, so that scratching Fluid in property container will not escape from flexible container from the joint between fill cap and opening 20.In embodiments, note Liquid lid can include the gasket seal that the gasket seal 40 with filter assemblies is similar, to guarantee suitably to seal and prevent to reveal.

In distinct methods embodiment, once flexible container is filled with fluid, and it just can shake with undulation back and forth Put three to five times, to help to expel bubble in filter medium 10.Then flexible container can be placed in packaging or carrier, such as As limiting examples, as hydration knapsack.

As previously discussed, filter medium 10 includes being applicable to sterilization and killing the composition of microbiological materials etc..Embodiment party In formula, user is sterilized in fluid is placed in filter the most completely, i.e. sterilizes to making fluid to pacify May wait for 15 minutes after the degree that the full people of being used for consumes.In embodiments, sterilization can occur the different one-tenth in fluid In the Brownian motion process divided, move even if the fluid in flexible container does not the most carry out a large amount of fluid.Implement in difference In mode, user carries the action of flexible container, and the flexible container in hydration knapsack is carried in such as user walking simultaneously Action can strengthen disinfecting process and/or increase sterilization occur speed.

In some cases, sufficiently large to allow the bodies of fluid immersing flexible container possible unavailable.In these situations Under, can use different methods to use fluid filled flexible container, as shown in Figure 10 A-Figure 10 C.When fluid source is leading, cock, During the water droplet of Bao Liu, the least puddle that can not immerse flexible container or flowing, the method can be used.

When filter assemblies is in appropriate location and is fixed to flexible container at opening 20, user holds towards flexibility Device bottom squeeze flexible container, to expel the air of flexible container caught inside, as shown in Figure 10 A.Hold continuing extruding flexibility During device, thumb is put in the middle of filter assemblies or is otherwise pressed onto in the middle of described filter assemblies by user, to realize Better seal (when flexible container is filled and is contemporaneously immersed in fluid, is used as this being pressed onto filtration in approach described above On device assembly), as shown in Figure 10 B.When continuing to be firmly pressed on filter assemblies, fluid 48 is made to pour described filter assemblies into In and simultaneously user unclamp holding this and allowing flexible container more quickly to draw fluid into wherein of flexible container bottom, As illustrated in figure 10 c.Once flexible container expands its initial bubble state/size to, just repeats above step, until flexible container It is completely filled with fluid.Then remove filter assemblies and be fixed to by fill cap being the most tightly rotated in opening 20 Flexible container.Then user waits 15 minutes, to sterilize the most completely, as described above.

Carry out the above action of expulsion and suction air from flexible container by extruding and release and be used as pump.To flow Body is poured on filter assemblies simultaneously by time in air suction unit, and pumping mechanism contributes to flexible container and faster fills fluid. When water bladder system is completely immersed in fluid, this identical pump action can be used for the method shown in Fig. 9 C, i.e. user can Using hands, foot or another kind of element continued compression and discharge, to form pump action, this may result in flexible container and faster fills.

Refer again to Fig. 7, including relieving mechanism 16, to allow the fluid within flexible container 4 to be discharged from.Shown In embodiment, relieving mechanism 16 includes pipe 14 and valve 18 of being difficult to articulate.User bites away valve of being difficult to articulate, and opens described valve, and passes through Suction program, can be from flexible container internal extraction fluid.The fluid extracted out in container can be by using check-valves 46 by air Replace.Check-valves is check valve, and it allows fluid to enter flexible container inside rather than other directions.Therefore, lead to when user Cross relieving mechanism when flexible container internal release fluid, by inside air suction, thus can be prevented in flexibility by check-valves Forming vacuum or low pressure in container, this can additionally stop fluid to be discharged by relieving mechanism.Air cock 44 therefore selectivity allows Air enters inside flexible container, the most only exists in the inside being discharged some fluids by user by relieving mechanism and cause In the case of low pressure.

In other embodiments, although shown relieving mechanism includes pipe and valve of being difficult to articulate, but it is used as other elements.Example As thread plug can be used, get rid of and valve of being difficult to articulate is needed and got rid of the needs to pipe, or can use single in one end of pipe Lid rather than valve etc. of being difficult to articulate.Under any circumstance, the judgement that relieving mechanism is configured at user is (and manual by user Operation) under selectivity allow fluid to discharge inside flexible container.

In some embodiments, in filter assemblies 22 can overall be got rid of, and fluid 48 can be poured into or be directly loadable into Portion and do not flow through any filter.In these embodiments, filter medium 10 can fully convection cell sterilization or otherwise Making safe fluid be intended to purpose (being such as used for drinking) for it, user uses relieving mechanism therefrom to discharge fluid afterwards.

Flexible container 4 is configured to when fluid is in described flexible container inside make described open celled foam quiet with fluid 48 State contacts.In embodiments, fluid contains one or more microorganisms.Described fluid can comprise containing one or more micro-lifes One or more solid materials of thing and one or more surfaces of described solid material can Static Contact open celled foams.

The microorganism of fluid and/or solid material can include little Cryptosporidium, Giardia, tunica virus, without tunica disease Poison, gram negative bacteria, gram-positive bacterium, fungus, mycete, spore, yeast and/or protozoacide antibacterial.Described stream Body can be muddiness, the most opaque, and/or it can comprise hydrocarbon and aqueous emulsion.

Open celled foam in embodiment can comprise one or more in following material: natural organic polymeric materials material； Synthetic organic polymer material；Rustless steel；Copper；Silicon；Carbon；And carborundum.

Disclosing the filter medium 10 processed with organosilan quaternary material, described medium is from the water flowing through filter medium Removing pathogen, for antibacterial be 2log and Cryptosporidium the least for parasitic protozoa is up to 98%.Such as above institute Disclosed, previous theory is that media table area increases (particularly in the case of filter medium such as sand or zeolite) and may result in point Dissipate the pathogen in water to eliminate and inactivation increase.Foam disclosed herein and filter medium such as filter sand (tens m²/ g) or boiling Stone (hundreds of m²/ g) phase specific surface area is greatly reduced (less than or equal to about 1m²/ g), but when being placed in the liquid that be enough to convection cell sterilization Static chamber in time display that significant antimicrobial acivity.Therefore this is afterclap.Because foam is sought during manufacture Formation maximum volume and minimal surface area and gained surface is asked (to be driven by surface tension and surface free energy effect), so Open celled foam 12 has minimal surface area.

Therefore, this is usually afterclap and runs counter to Conventional wisdom, open celled foam (or the perforate bubble that surface area reduces Foam) be placed in water bladder system, and it be applicable to sterilization and otherwise make fluid more safely to consume and/or Use, because generally foam (and/or foam of surface area reduction) is it is believed that may allow antibacterial, mycete etc. are formed and settle down also Them are made to be more difficult to remove.This generally makes fluid consuming or otherwise uses more dangerous.

In embodiments, water bladder system need not close or cleaning procedure every day, and water or other fluids can stay In water bladder system up to one week.In embodiments, water bladder system longer time section is preserved (such as more than one week when hope Do not use) time, it is ready for water bladder system and has preserved for long-term.This may need with water (use tap water, if available Words) fill flexible container half and fill cap is secured in place.Shake flexible container the most back and forth, filter with expulsion and be situated between Any precipitate of trapping in matter 10.This continues one minute.Then water is poured out.Repeat these steps until in the water poured out not Visible particle.At this moment, in the case of fill cap is removed or otherwise opened, hang upside down water outlet.Water bladder system can be protected Hold on this position, preserve with long-term.

Fill water bladder system 2 as herein described and relate to the method for a pump action and by relieving mechanism and non-return Valve empties the method for water bladder system and is different from Common fluids holding system.Common fluids keeps system such as hydration pack Bag is generally simply filled with by toppling process does not has pumping procedure.It practice, the vulnerability of conventional bag and any inner member The shortage of such as open celled foam makes any kind of pump action the most impossible.As people can obtain from accompanying drawing and disclosed method Going out conclusion, open celled foam experiences elastic deformation during pump action/process and then recovers its initial construction.Therefore, use Due to system 2, the operational approach of fluid filled water bladder system 2 includes that foam is different from conventional flex hydration bag wherein Operational approach.

Keep system such as in the case of the flexible bag of hydration pack at conventional water, in flexible bag, there is not insertion Thing, and therefore when water is extracted out, bag simply subsides, and do not comprise inlet valve such as air cock 44.In water bladder system 2 In the case of, check-valves allows flexible container to keep its original shape without subsiding, thus allows to include the open celled foam of sterilization 12.Therefore, when fluid is extracted out from inside by relieving mechanism, the fluid lost replaced by air cock 44 with air, and maintains The original shape of flexible container, thus allow to continue sterilization by open celled foam 12.Therefore, the operational approach of water bladder 2 is emptied The operational approach of conventional flex hydration bag it is different from owing to there is open celled foam.

In different embodiments, fill cap and filter assemblies can be combined into single lid rather than be screwed into charging door 20 Two independent objects.In these embodiments, outer appearnce can be used to be similar to two lids of hot water bottle.Inner cap can be included, its When outwarding winding, water is allowed to flow through filter medium during filling water bladder 2.Filter medium can be for any Jie disclosed in this document Matter.In a specific embodiment, filter medium can include one or more disks of different arrangement and combination/commutative/can be mutual Change/easy stacked media.Such as, filter medium can include grid, subsequently for for deodorize/removal water when water enters in water bladder The activated carbon filter media of interior organic compound.In other embodiments, other filter mediums include for go particle-removing, Ferroverdin (being used for arsenic removal) that organism, chemical group are graded required and any other defecator (different filter size, groups One-tenth, component).In some embodiments, available quaternary ammonium organosilane compound treatment filter medium, described compound can be this Any compound disclosed in literary composition.In the normal operation period, only inner cap needs to remove, to fill water bladder and to drink at user It is replaced during from the water of water bladder.

When the maintenance of needs filter medium (exchange, mention, displacement etc.), removable second enclosing cover.The structure of the second enclosing cover Can be used for water bladder structure filter medium and check-valves being fixedly attached to around charging door.At distinct methods embodiment In, user is optional directly to be removed enclosing cover and fills water bladder 2, thus gets around the filter medium being connected to lid structure, this meaning Taste water non-pre-filtering before entering water bladder 2.Two check-valves are included as a part for single lid structure, and first Individual check-valves is positioned at outside Guan Bi inner cap, to allow air to flow inward into when user extracts water from water bladder out, and the Two check-valves are positioned within the enclosing cover of alignment to allow to flow outwardly, so that the air in water bladder can be during lid be filled It is ejected.By time in water suction water bladder during filling after drive air, the second check-valves closes.

Above description refers to water bladder system and correlation technique and implements parts, subassembly, method and sub-side wherein In the case of the detailed description of the invention of method, should be readily apparent from, many amendments can be made in the case of without departing from their spirit And these embodiments, enforcement parts, subassembly, method and submethod can be applicable to other water bladder system and related sides Method.Such as, the feature of the reagent of the present invention is equally applicable to the coating of invention as described herein.

Claims

1. a water bladder system, comprising:

Flexible container；

Air cock, it is configured to be connected and be configured to selectivity with described flexible container and allows air into described flexible appearance Inside device；

Filter, it is configured to be connected with described flexible container and be configured to filter enter the described interior of described flexible container The fluid in portion；

Relieving mechanism, it is connected with described flexible container and is configured to selectivity and allows described fluid to discharge described flexible container Described inside；And

Open celled foam, it is included in the described inside of described flexible container, and described open celled foam is coated with by having with following formula The quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings that quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent produces:

Wherein A is the member independently selected from the group consisted of: OR⁴, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, replacement or unsubstituted Miscellaneous alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted Heterocyclylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl and take Generation or unsubstituted heteroaryl；And

Wherein R⁴Member for selected from the group consisted of: hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted miscellaneous alkane Base, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted Heterocyclylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl and replacement or not Substituted heteroaryl；And

R is substituted or unsubstituted alkylidene；

R¹、R²And R³For being each independently selected from the member of the group consisted of: hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, replacement or Unsubstituted miscellaneous alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted Heterocyclylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted virtue Base；And substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl；

Z is the member selected from the group consisted of: fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, toluene fulfonate, hydroxide Thing, sulfate and phosphate；And

N is 1,2 or 3.

2. water bladder system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said air cock is configured at the first of described flexible container Opening part is fixed to described flexible container, and described filter be also substantially configured to be fixed at described first opening part described in scratch Property container.

3. water bladder system as claimed in claim 1, the check-valves that wherein said air cock is comprised in including fill cap, institute State fill cap and be configured to be removably couplable to the opening of described flexible container.

4. water bladder system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said relieving mechanism includes being configured to allow for user distribution The valve of being difficult to articulate of described fluid from the described inside of described flexible container.

5. a water bladder system, comprising:

Flexible container；

Open celled foam, it is included in the described inside of described flexible container, the per inch hole count (PPI) that described open celled foam includes Scope is between 10PPI and 110PPI, and described open celled foam is coated with by having the quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent generation with following formula Quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings:

R is substituted or unsubstituted alkylidene；

N is 1,2 or 3；

Wherein said flexible container is opened described in being configured to when described fluid is included in described flexible container described internal to make Hole foam contacts with described hydrostatic.

6. water bladder system as claimed in claim 5, wherein said fluid comprises choosing freely little Cryptosporidium and Giardia One or more microorganisms of the group of composition.

7. water bladder system as claimed in claim 6, one or more microorganisms wherein said are further selected from by following group The group become: tunica virus and, gram negative bacteria viral without tunica and gram-positive bacterium, fungus, mycete, spore, ferment Mother and protozoacide antibacterial.

8. water bladder system as claimed in claim 5, wherein said open celled foam comprises the material selected from the group consisted of Material: naturally occurring organic polymer material and the organic polymer material of synthesis, rustless steel, copper, silicon, carbon and carborundum.

9. water bladder system as claimed in claim 5, wherein said fluid is muddy.

10. water bladder system as claimed in claim 5, wherein said fluid is the most opaque.

11. water bladder systems as claimed in claim 5, wherein said fluid comprises hydrocarbon and aqueous emulsion.

12. water bladder systems as claimed in claim 5, wherein said flexible container accommodates containing one or more microorganisms Solid material and described open celled foam contact one or more surfaces of described solid material.

13. 1 kinds of water bladder systems, comprising:

Flexible container；

Relieving mechanism, it is connected with described flexible container and is configured to selectivity and allows described fluid to discharge described flexible container Described inside, and；

Wherein said fluid comprises one or more microorganisms；

Wherein said flexible container makes described fluid steep with perforate when described fluid is in the described inside of described flexible container Foam Static Contact；

Every gram of surface area that wherein said open celled foam includes steeps less than every gram of surface area of one of filter sand and zeolite, described perforate Foam is coated with by having the quaternary ammonium organosilane coatings produced with the quaternary ammonium organosilane reagent of following formula:

R is substituted or unsubstituted alkylidene；

N is 1,2 or 3.

14. water bladder systems as claimed in claim 13, one or more microorganisms wherein said are selected from consisting of Group: little Cryptosporidium, Giardia, tunica virus and without tunica virus.

15. water bladder systems as claimed in claim 13, per inch hole count (PPI) scope that wherein said open celled foam includes For between 10PPI and 110PPI.

16. water bladder systems as claimed in claim 13, wherein said open celled foam comprises selected from the group consisted of Material: natural organic polymer material and the organic polymer material of synthesis, rustless steel, copper, silicon, carbon and carborundum.

17. water bladder systems as claimed in claim 13, wherein said fluid is muddy.

18. water bladder systems as claimed in claim 13, wherein said fluid is the most opaque.

19. water bladder systems as claimed in claim 13, wherein said fluid comprises hydrocarbon and aqueous emulsion.

20. water bladder systems as claimed in claim 13, wherein said flexible container also includes containing one or more micro-lifes The solid material of thing and described open celled foam contact one or more surfaces of described solid material.