CN106249205B - A kind of cognition blind balance method for radar channel amplitude and phase only pupil filter - Google Patents
A kind of cognition blind balance method for radar channel amplitude and phase only pupil filter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cognition blind balance methods for radar channel amplitude and phase only pupil filter, including:Calibration signal is sent to cognition blind equalizer;The output signal for recognizing blind equalizer is transmitted to selecting switch, multiple relevant parameters of monitoring and cognition blind equalizer convergence property export the signal Jing Guo equilibrium treatment when the balancing procedure for recognizing blind equalizer is normal;When the balancing procedure for recognizing blind equalizer is abnormal, without equilibrium treatment, will be exported after signal time delay.Cognition blind equalizer is monitored using a variety of cognitive techniques, normally whether monitored by multiple parameters, to ensure the reliability that uses of cognition blind equalizer.The present invention realizes that closed loop of the digital array radar in a digital transmitting-receiving subassembly is balanced, is returned without data down transmission and equalizing coefficient;Meanwhile the cognitive approach monitored for mean square error and weight coefficient vector is introduced, the convergence reliability of constant mould blind balance method is improved, to ensure the reliability of the hundreds of radar channel equalizer of digital array radar.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to digital array radar fields, and in particular to a kind of cognition for radar channel amplitude and phase only pupil filter
Blind balance method.
Background technology
It is inconsistent with phase that there are amplitudes in the multiple channel bands of digital array radar, even if being directed to narrowband systems, conventional is logical
Road calibration generally uses simple signal, realizes the consistent correction of some frequency.And for other frequencies in several million bandwidth
Point, amplitude and phase still have difference.Conventional method using adaptive equalization technique realize the amplitude with interior all frequency points with
Phase only pupil filter.But adaptive equalization technique, need to refer to channel.During the realization of digital array radar, need to refer to
Channel signal reaches front or less with each channel signal;After completing adaptive polo placement, also need equalizer coefficients reaching digital receipts
Component is sent out, realizes equilibrium calculation.The process needs complicated data transmission link, system to realize complicated.
Invention content
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes a kind of cognition blind equalization side for radar channel amplitude and phase only pupil filter
Constant mould Blind Equalization Technique is applied to radar channel-equalization by method, realizes digital array radar in a digital transmitting-receiving subassembly
Closed loop is balanced, is returned without data down transmission and equalizing coefficient;Meanwhile it introducing and recognizing for what mean square error and weight coefficient vector monitored
Know technology, promotes the convergence reliability of constant mould blind equalization algorithm.
It realizes above-mentioned technical purpose, reaches above-mentioned technique effect, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A kind of cognition blind balance method for radar channel amplitude and phase only pupil filter includes the following steps:
Step 1: calibration signal is fed into each digital transmitting and receiving group in digital array radar by power divider and feedback net
The front end of part, and be sent in cognition blind equalizer as input signal;
Step 2: the output signal for recognizing blind equalizer is transmitted to selecting switch, monitoring and cognition blind equalizer convergence
The relevant parameter of characteristic judges the convergence process for recognizing blind equalizer, and executes following operation:
A:When the convergence process for recognizing blind equalizer is normal, this cognition blind equalization output signal is transferred to by selecting switch
Nonlinear transformation module carry out nonlinear transformation, obtain adaptive error, and using the adaptive error feed back to cognition it is blind
The input terminal of weighing apparatus realizes the adaptive adjustment of cognition blind equalizer equalizing coefficient vector, and the equal of blind equalization is recognized after convergence
Coefficient vector weigh for realizing the equilibrium treatment to input signal, signal of the final output Jing Guo equilibrium treatment;
B:When the output for recognizing blind equalizer can not restrain, this cognition blind equalization output signal is transferred to by selecting switch
Time delay module, time delay module delays output when carrying out input signal, without equilibrium treatment.
The described and cognition relevant parameter of blind equalizer convergence property, including:Instantaneous error, equalizer coefficients delay inequality,
Equalizer coefficients ratio and equalizer output signal modulus value.
In the present invention, calibration signal is set as p (k), and balanced device input is xi(k), it is assumed that there are M channel needs blind
Equilibrium treatment, then the equalizer output signal y in i-th of channeli(k) it is:
Wherein:fi(k) i-th of N is indicatedf× 1 weight coefficient vector, NfIndicate balanced device weight coefficient vector length,Indicate volume
Product operation;Define coefficient of kurtosis γ:
Mathematic expectaion is sought in E { } expressions, | | indicate that magnitude calculation, output signal are:
ei(k)=yi(k)[γ-|yi(k)|2] (3)
The input recursive vector for defining i-th of balanced device is:
Xi(k)=[xi(k) xi(k-1) … xi(k-Nf+1)]T (4)
Then weight coefficient vector is iterative is expressed as:
fi(k+1)=fi(k)+μ1·Xi *(k)e(k) (5)
In formula, μ1Step factor, []*Indicate complex conjugate;
Adaptive error is obtained by the nonlinear block:
es(k)=(γ-| yi(k)|2)(γ-|yi(k)|2) (6)
Define Nh× 1 dimension filter, NhFor the length of the filter, yi(k) it is the equalizer output signal in i-th of channel;
γ is coefficient of kurtosis;
H=[1 1 ... 1]T (7)
Instantaneous error ξ0(k) whether the convergence for being used for monitoring constant mould blind balance method enters stable state, is defined as follows:
Set up thresholding ρM, when following formula establishment, then constant mould blind balance method is claimed not enter stable state;Conversely, then claiming constant mould
Blind balance method enters stable state:
ξ0(k)>ρM (9)。
The equalizer coefficients delay inequality fd(k) it is:
Wherein, d indicates time delay, | | indicate that modulus value is sought, NfFor weight vector length, NpIndicate iterations;
Monitor weight coefficientWithDifference, if following formula set up, then it is assumed that constant mould is blind
Equalization methods enter stable state:
Wherein, ρfIndicate that equalizer coefficients delay inequality judges thresholding.
The equalizer coefficients ratio is:
Wherein, fr(k) in expression the k moment weight coefficient ratio, | f0(k) | indicate first of equalizer coefficient vector
Coefficient
Work as equalizer convergence, then weight vector both sides broad in the middle are small, and the initialization of balanced device is initialized using centre cap
Method, the method for so-called centre cap initialization refers to the weight vector of initial assignment, is in the coefficient by entad
1, remaining coefficient is all zero, the weight vector coefficient relatively close to centerWith the coefficient close to side | f0(k) |,
If set up with lower inequality, then it is assumed that it is big by paracentral weight coefficient, and the weight coefficient close to edge is small:
Wherein, ρTIndicate that equalizer coefficients ratio judges thresholding.
The equalizer output signal modulus value is:
Wherein, soIndicate signal modulus value mean value as a result, NpIndicate iterations;
Arrange parameter ρ0As i-th of channel equalizer output signal yi(k) amplitude judges, takes NpPoint data calculates defeated
Go out the mean value of signal modulus value:
Wherein, ρ0Indicate that modulus value judges thresholding, if above formula is set up, then it is assumed that output signal is qualified.
In the step 2, the convergence process for recognizing blind equalizer is judged, specially:By instantaneous error, equalizer coefficients
Delay inequality, equalizer coefficients ratio and equalizer output signal modulus value structure cognition describing word RDW, are determined by the cognition describing word
Equalizer coefficient vector still uses delay equalizer coefficient vector, institute using weight coefficient vector obtained by constant mould blind balance method
Stating cognition describing word RDW is:
RDW=[ξ0(k),fd(k),so,fr(k)] (13)
Work as ξ0(k)≤ρM, quantization decision value is 1, otherwise is 0;
Work as fd(k)<ρf, quantization decision value is 1, otherwise is 0;
Work as so>ρo, quantization decision value is 1, otherwise is 0;
Work as fr(k)>ρT, quantization decision value is 1, otherwise is 0.
When quantization decision value is all 1, then it is assumed that balanced device is available, and equalizer coefficient vector uses constant mould blind balance method
Gained weight coefficient vector;Otherwise, there are one or multiple 0 exists, then it is assumed that balanced device is unavailable, when equalizer coefficient vector uses
Prolong equalizer coefficient vector.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention proposes a kind of cognition blind balance method for radar channel amplitude and phase only pupil filter, and constant mould is blind
Weighing apparatus technology is applied to radar channel-equalization, realizes that closed loop of the digital array radar in a digital transmitting-receiving subassembly is balanced, without number
According to biography down and equalizing coefficient passback;Meanwhile the cognitive techniques monitored for mean square error and weight vector are introduced, it is blind to promote constant mould
The convergence reliability of equalization algorithm, to ensure the reliability of the hundreds of radar channel equalizer of digital array radar.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the digital transmitting and receiving component structure diagram that the present invention applies.
Fig. 2 is the cognition blind balance method schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 (a)-(b) is respectively the amplitude difference and phase difference schematic diagram in a kind of two channels of embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 (a)-(b) be respectively it is balanced after in Fig. 3 two interchannels amplitude difference and phase difference schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 (a)-(d) is respectively the parameter convergent schematic diagram in RDW.
Fig. 6 (a)-(d) is respectively the parameter convergent schematic diagram in RDW when input data is there are when error code mistake.
Fig. 7 be when input data is there are when error code mistake, it is balanced after two channel amplitude error schematic diagrames.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
The application principle of the present invention is explained in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of digital transmitting and receiving component includes:Down going channel module and data feedback channel module;The downlink is logical
Road module includes the low noise amplification module being sequentially connected, the first frequency mixer, the first bandpass filter, the first amplifying circuit, A/D
Converter, Digital Down Converter Module, cognition blind equalizer and data packing block;The data feedback channel module includes being sequentially connected
Digit synthesis module, the second amplifying circuit, the second bandpass filter, the first frequency mixer and power amplifier;The number is closed
It is electrically connected with data packing block at module.
As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of cognition blind balance method for radar channel amplitude and phase only pupil filter, including following step
Suddenly:
Step 1: calibration signal is fed into each digital transmitting and receiving group in digital array radar by power divider and feedback net
The front end of part, and be sent in cognition blind equalizer as input signal;
Step 2: the output signal for recognizing blind equalizer is transmitted to selecting switch, monitoring and cognition blind equalizer convergence
The relevant parameter of characteristic judges the convergence process for recognizing blind equalizer, and executes following operation:
A:When the convergence process for recognizing blind equalizer is normal, this cognition blind equalization output signal is transferred to by selecting switch
Nonlinear transformation module carry out nonlinear transformation, obtain adaptive error, and using the adaptive error feed back to cognition it is blind
The input terminal of weighing apparatus realizes the adaptive adjustment of cognition blind equalizer equalizing coefficient vector, and the equal of blind equalization is recognized after convergence
Coefficient vector weigh for realizing the equilibrium treatment to input signal, signal of the final output Jing Guo equilibrium treatment;
B:When the output for recognizing blind equalizer can not restrain, this cognition blind equalization output signal is transferred to by selecting switch
Time delay module, time delay module delays output when carrying out input signal, without equilibrium treatment.In the present invention, time delay module
It is exactly Time-Delay Filter coefficient vector, because if using the equalizer coefficient vector of blind equalization, then will generates time delay δ, because
This, when being switched to time delay module, if to keep time delay constant, corresponding time delay δ will be also arranged in time delay module, that is,
Say that the δ coefficient of time delay module (i.e. time delay filter coefficient) is 1, remaining coefficient is 0.
The described and cognition relevant parameter of blind equalizer convergence property, including:Instantaneous error, equalizer coefficients delay inequality,
Equalizer coefficients ratio and equalizer output signal modulus value.
In the present invention, calibration signal is set as p (k), and balanced device input is xi(k), it is assumed that there are M channel needs blind
Equilibrium treatment, then the equalizer output signal y in i-th of channeli(k) it is:
Wherein:fi(k) i-th of N is indicatedf× 1 weight coefficient vector, NfIndicate balanced device weight coefficient vector length,Indicate volume
Product operation;Define coefficient of kurtosis γ:
Mathematic expectaion is sought in E { } expressions, | | indicate that magnitude calculation, output signal are:
ei(k)=yi(k)[γ-|yi(k)|2] (3)
The input recursive vector for defining i-th of balanced device is:
Xi(k)=[xi(k) xi(k-1) … xi(k-Nf+1)]T (4)
Then weight coefficient vector is iterative is expressed as:
fi(k+1)=fi(k)+μ1·Xi *(k)e(k) (5)
In formula, μ1Step factor, []*Indicate complex conjugate;
Adaptive error is obtained by the nonlinear block:
es(k)=(γ-| yi(k)|2)(γ-|yi(k)|2) (6)
Define N simultaneouslyh× 1 dimension filter:
H=[1 1 ... 1]T (7)
Instantaneous error ξ0(k) whether the convergence for being used for monitoring constant mould blind balance method enters stable state, is defined as follows:
Set up thresholding ρM, when following formula establishment, then claim algorithm not enter stable state;Conversely, then algorithm is claimed to enter stable state:
ξ0(k)>ρM (9)。
The equalizer coefficients delay inequality fd(k) it is:
Wherein, d indicates time delay, | | indicate that modulus value is sought, NfFor weight vector length, NpIndicate iterations;
Monitor weight coefficientWithDifference, if following formula set up, then it is assumed that constant mould is blind
Equalization methods enter stable state:
Wherein, ρfIndicate that equalizer coefficients delay inequality judges thresholding.
The equalizer coefficients ratio is:
Wherein, fr(k) in expression the k moment weight coefficient ratio, | f0(k) | indicate first of equalizer coefficient vector
Coefficient;
Work as equalizer convergence, then weight vector both sides broad in the middle are small, and the initialization of balanced device is initialized using centre cap
Method, the method for so-called centre cap initialization refers to the weight vector of initial assignment, is in the coefficient by entad
1, remaining coefficient is all zero, the weight vector coefficient relatively close to centerWith the coefficient close to side | f0(k) |,
If set up with lower inequality, then it is assumed that it is big by paracentral weight coefficient, and the weight coefficient close to edge is small:
Wherein, ρTIndicate that equalizer coefficients ratio judges thresholding.
The equalizer output signal modulus value is:
Wherein, soIndicate signal modulus value mean value as a result, NpIndicate iterations;
Arrange parameter ρ0As i-th of channel equalizer output signal yi(k) amplitude judges, takes NpPoint data calculates defeated
Go out the mean value of signal modulus value:
Wherein, ρ0Indicate that modulus value judges thresholding, if above formula is set up, then it is assumed that output signal is qualified.
In the step 2, the convergence process for recognizing blind equalizer is judged, specially:By instantaneous error, equalizer coefficients
Delay inequality, equalizer coefficients ratio and equalizer output signal modulus value structure cognition describing word RDW, are determined by the cognition describing word
Equalizer coefficient vector still uses delay equalizer coefficient vector, institute using weight coefficient vector obtained by constant mould blind balance method
Stating cognition describing word RDW is:
RDW=[ξ0(k),fd(k),so,fr(k)] (13)
Work as ξ0(k)≤ρM, quantization decision value is 1, otherwise is 0;
Work as fd(k)<ρf, quantization decision value is 1, otherwise is 0;
Work as so>ρo, quantization decision value is 1, otherwise is 0;
Work as fr(k)>ρT, quantization decision value is 1, otherwise is 0.
When quantization decision value is all 1, then it is assumed that balanced device is available, and equalizer coefficient vector uses constant mould blind balance method
Gained weight coefficient vector;Otherwise, there are one or multiple 0 exists, then it is assumed that balanced device is unavailable, when equalizer coefficient vector uses
Prolong equalizer coefficient vector.
Embodiment 1
It is defined as follows simulation model first and generates the data that constant mould blind equalization verification in channel needs:
The input signal for recognizing balanced device is indicated using following formula:
In formula:K samples for discrete time, xi(k) it is i-th of channel equalizer input data;P (k) is that calibration signal is defeated
Enter, is random phase modulation signal;For i-th of channel discrete channel response, Q rings for channel
Answer the number of coefficient, ξi(k) it is the Gaussian noise in i-th of channel,Indicate convolution;
In emulation, the simulated conditions of constant blind equalization algorithm are as shown in table 1:
Table 1
As shown in Fig. 3 (a)-(b), all there is the channel authentication blind balance method of larger gap using two amplitudes and phase
Channel capability for correcting, inter-channel level error 2dB (peak-to-peak value), phase error is about 10o (peak-to-peak value), the coefficient in two channels
Setting is shown in Table 2, and the setting for recognizing parameter is shown in Table 3:
Table 2
Table 3
The amplitude Yu phase error of two interchannels are shown in shown in Fig. 4 (a)-(b) after equilibrium.
Parameter convergent in cognition describing word RDW is shown in shown in Fig. 5 (a)-(d), in the simulation RDW1=[1,1,1,
1], show that cognition constant mould equalizer convergence is normal, may be used as equilibrium.
Embodiment 2
When there are the mistakes such as error code for input data, then the convergence capabilities for recognizing blind equalizer can be influenced, to cause equilibrium
Device is unavailable.The present embodiment is using there are the cognitive abilities of the data verification blind equalization of error code, and emulation is in data at the 4000th point
There are an error codes.
Fig. 6 (a)-(d) gives the situation of change of parameter in cognition describing word RDW.As can be seen that in the position for error code occur
It sets, balanced device dissipates, to cause the sampling point moment in end of data, balanced device not to converge to stable state yet.RDW at this time
=[0,1,0,1].Therefore, the balanced device is unqualified.Balanced device cuts pure time delay mode.Otherwise, using the balanced device obtained
Equilibrium will obtain more severe channel characteristic, as shown in fig. 7, compared with the situation before Fig. 3 (a) is balanced, performance is more severe.
The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of cognition blind balance method for radar channel amplitude and phase only pupil filter, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
Step 1: calibration signal is fed into each digital transmitting and receiving component in digital array radar by power divider and feedback net
Front end, and be sent in cognition blind equalizer as input signal;
Step 2: the output signal for recognizing blind equalizer is transmitted to selecting switch, monitoring and cognition blind equalizer convergence property
Relevant parameter judges the convergence process for recognizing blind equalizer, and executes following operation:
A:When the convergence process for recognizing blind equalizer is normal, this cognition blind equalization output signal is transferred to non-thread by selecting switch
Property conversion module carry out nonlinear transformation, obtain adaptive error, and feed back to cognition blind equalizer using the adaptive error
Input terminal, realize the adaptive adjustment of cognition blind equalizer equalizing coefficient vector, the balanced of cognition blind equalization after convergence is
Number vector is for realizing the equilibrium treatment to input signal, signal of the final output Jing Guo equilibrium treatment;
B:When the output for recognizing blind equalizer can not restrain, this cognition blind equalization output signal is transferred to time delay by selecting switch
Module, time delay module delays output when carrying out input signal, without equilibrium treatment;
Judge the convergence process of cognition blind equalizer, specially:By instantaneous error, equalizer coefficients delay inequality, equalizer coefficients
Ratio and equalizer output signal modulus value structure cognition describing word RDW, determine that equalizer coefficient vector makes by the cognition describing word
The weight coefficient vector obtained by constant mould blind balance method is still used by delay equalizer coefficient vector, the cognition describing word
RDW is:
RDW=[ξ0(k),fd(k),so,fr(k)] (13)
Work as ξ0(k)≤ρM, quantization decision value is 1, otherwise is 0;
Work as fd(k)<ρf, quantization decision value is 1, otherwise is 0;
Work as so>ρo, quantization decision value is 1, otherwise is 0;
Work as fr(k)>ρT, quantization decision value is 1, otherwise is 0;
When quantization decision value is all 1, then it is assumed that balanced device is available, and equalizer coefficient vector uses obtained by constant mould blind balance method
Weight coefficient vector;Otherwise, there are one or multiple 0 exists, then it is assumed that balanced device is unavailable, and equalizer coefficient vector is used by time delay
Equalizer coefficient vector.
2. a kind of cognition blind balance method for radar channel amplitude and phase only pupil filter according to claim 1, special
Sign is:The described and cognition relevant parameter of blind equalizer convergence property, including:Instantaneous error, equalizer coefficients delay inequality,
Weighing apparatus coefficient ratio and equalizer output signal modulus value.
3. a kind of cognition blind balance method for radar channel amplitude and phase only pupil filter according to claim 2, special
Sign is:Adaptive error is obtained by the nonlinear block:
es(k)=(γ-| yi(k)|2)(γ-|yi(k)|2) (6)
Define Nh× 1 dimension filter, NhFor the length of the filter, yi(k) it is the equalizer output signal in i-th of channel;
γ is coefficient of kurtosis;
H=[1 1 ... 1]T (7)
Instantaneous error ξ0(k) whether the convergence for being used for monitoring constant mould blind balance method enters stable state, is defined as follows:
Set up thresholding ρM, when following formula establishment, then constant mould blind balance method is claimed not enter stable state;Conversely, then claiming constant mould blind equalization
Method enters stable state:
ξ0(k)>ρM (9)。
4. a kind of cognition blind balance method for radar channel amplitude and phase only pupil filter according to claim 3, special
Sign is:The equalizer coefficients delay inequality fd(k) it is:
Wherein, d indicates time delay, | | indicate that modulus value is sought, NfFor weight vector length, NpIndicate iterations;
Monitor weight coefficientWithDifference, if following formula set up, then it is assumed that constant mould blind equalization
Method enters stable state:
Wherein, ρfIndicate that equalizer coefficients delay inequality judges thresholding.
5. a kind of cognition blind balance method for radar channel amplitude and phase only pupil filter according to claim 4, special
Sign is:The equalizer coefficients ratio is:
Wherein, fr(k) in expression the k moment weight coefficient ratio, | f0(k) | indicate first coefficient of equalizer coefficient vector
Work as equalizer convergence, then weight vector both sides broad in the middle are small, and the initialization of balanced device is the side using centre cap initialization
Method, the method for so-called centre cap initialization, refers to the weight vector of initial assignment, is 1 in the coefficient by entad,
Remaining coefficient is all zero, the weight vector coefficient relatively close to centerWith the coefficient close to side | f0(k) |, if
It is set up with lower inequality, then it is assumed that it is big by paracentral weight coefficient, and the weight coefficient close to edge is small:
Wherein, ρTIndicate that equalizer coefficients ratio judges thresholding.
6. a kind of cognition blind balance method for radar channel amplitude and phase only pupil filter according to claim 5, special
Sign is:The equalizer output signal modulus value is:
Wherein, soIndicate signal modulus value mean value as a result, NpIndicate iterations;
Arrange parameter ρ0As i-th of channel equalizer output signal yi(k) amplitude judges, takes NpPoint data calculates output letter
The mean value of number modulus value:
Wherein, ρ0Indicate that modulus value judges thresholding, if above formula is set up, then it is assumed that output signal is qualified.
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE3810357A1 (en) * | 1988-03-26 | 1989-10-05 | Licentia Gmbh | METHOD FOR LOCAL TRAFFIC DATA ACQUISITION AND EVALUATION AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD |
EP0367167A3 (en) * | 1988-10-31 | 1991-03-13 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Method and system for reducing phase error in a phased array radar beam steering controller |
CN202794510U (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-03-13 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Expandable digital array radar antenna measuring and control device |
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US4872016A (en) * | 1988-09-06 | 1989-10-03 | Grumman Aerospace Corporation | Data processing system for a phased array antenna |
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3810357A1 (en) * | 1988-03-26 | 1989-10-05 | Licentia Gmbh | METHOD FOR LOCAL TRAFFIC DATA ACQUISITION AND EVALUATION AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD |
US4985705A (en) * | 1988-03-26 | 1991-01-15 | Telefunken Systemtechnik Gmbh | Method and apparatus for compiling and evaluating local traffic data |
EP0367167A3 (en) * | 1988-10-31 | 1991-03-13 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Method and system for reducing phase error in a phased array radar beam steering controller |
CN202794510U (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-03-13 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Expandable digital array radar antenna measuring and control device |
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