CN106248822A - 一种南极磷虾中吡咯并[1,2‑a]吡嗪‑1,4‑二酮,六氢‑3‑(苯基甲基)的提取纯化及检测方法 - Google Patents
一种南极磷虾中吡咯并[1,2‑a]吡嗪‑1,4‑二酮,六氢‑3‑(苯基甲基)的提取纯化及检测方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种南极磷虾中吡咯并[1,2‑a]吡嗪‑1,4‑二酮,六氢‑3‑(苯基甲基)的提取纯化及检测方法,包括向南极磷虾中加入甲醇进行回流提取,过滤,得滤液;滤液蒸发浓缩得甲醇膏;向甲醇膏中加入乙醚浸提,过滤得乙醚液;乙醚液蒸发后得乙醚浸膏;乙醚浸膏加入适量乙醚溶解后,得乙醚浸膏液,再向其中加入硫酸水溶液搅拌萃取,萃取得酸水层;向酸水层中加入氯仿进行萃取,静置分液得氯仿层A;向所得氯仿层A中加入氢氧化钠水溶液萃取,静置分液得碱水层和氯仿层B;将所得氯仿层B蒸发除溶剂,即得Cyclo(Pro‑Phe)。同时采用气相色谱‑质谱法(GC‑MS)对所得Cyclo(Pro‑Phe)分析检测。本发明以南极磷虾为原料,首次从中提取纯化并检测出Cyclo(Pro‑Phe),对南极磷虾开发具有重要意义。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种南极磷虾中吡咯并[1,2-a]吡嗪-1,4-二酮,六氢-3-(苯基甲基)的提取纯化及检测方法,属食品、药品和化工领域。
背景技术
南极磷虾(Euphausia superba Dana),隶属节肢动物门、甲壳纲、磷虾目,体型较小,一般体长约5.5~6.0cm,体重约2g左右。南极生物种类较少,但数量庞大,食物链也相对简单。以浮游植物为食的南极磷虾是鲸、海豹、企鹅等肉食动物的主要食物,也是南极食物链中的基础。南极磷虾是地球上数量最大繁衍最成功的单种生物资源之一,其生物蕴藏量约为6.5×108~10×108吨,最新估算量为3.79×108吨。南极磷虾营养丰富,富含活性物质。南极磷虾蛋白及酶类、虾青素、甲壳素等均已有研究报道。随着南极磷虾研究的深入,南极磷虾产品也由初级的饲料、虾粉等向高端的保健、医药领域发展。加快南极磷虾研究进度有利于提高我国在南极磷虾产业方面占据优势地位。
吡咯并[1,2-a]吡嗪-1,4-二酮,六氢-3-(苯基甲基)即:Cyclo(Pro-Phe),是一种环二肽类物质,主要存在于蛋白及多肽水解物,以及动植物、酵母、原生生物、真菌、海洋生物中,具有明显的生物活性,如抗菌活性。有研究表明Cyclo(Pro-Phe)还是一种潜在的磷酸二酯酶抑制剂。Hong等从抗一种芽孢杆菌中提取的物质中有两种构象不同、分子式相同的环二肽——cyclo(Pro-Phe),能够抑制丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶(Akt)。由于Akt是包括细胞代谢、凋亡在内多种细胞进程的重要因子,所以这两种环二肽具有促癌细胞凋亡的潜力。目前,尚未有从南极磷虾中发现有Cyclo(Pro-Phe)的研究报道,因此研究南极磷虾中是否含有Cyclo(Pro-Phe)及其提取纯化和检测方法,对南极磷虾资源的进一步开发利用具有十分重要的意义。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术,本发明的目的是提供一种南极磷虾中吡咯并[1,2-a]吡嗪-1,4-二酮,六氢-3-(苯基甲基)的提取检测方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用下述技术方案:
一种南极磷虾中吡咯并[1,2-a]吡嗪-1,4-二酮,六氢-3-(苯基甲基)的提取纯化方法,步骤如下:
(1)向南极磷虾中加入甲醇进行回流提取,过滤,得滤液;滤液蒸发浓缩得甲醇膏;
(2)向步骤(1)的甲醇膏中加入乙醚浸提,过滤得乙醚液;乙醚液蒸发后得乙醚浸膏;
(3)步骤(2)的乙醚浸膏加入适量乙醚溶解后,得乙醚浸膏液,再向其中加入硫酸水溶液搅拌萃取,萃取得酸水层;
(4)向步骤(3)所得酸水层中加入氯仿进行萃取,静置分液得氯仿层A;
(5)向步骤(4)所得氯仿层A中加入氢氧化钠水溶液萃取,静置分液得碱水层和氯仿层B;
(6)将步骤(5)所得氯仿层B蒸发除溶剂,即得Cyclo(Pro-Phe)。
步骤(1)中,南极磷虾在加入甲醇前先经过冷冻干燥处理。由于南极磷虾体内的酶具有很高的活性,南极磷虾被捕捞后,其体内的内源消化酶能高活性的降解蛋白质,使死亡后的组织快速分解,加速了南极磷虾的自溶、腐败和变质;通过对南极磷虾进行冷冻干燥预处理,能够防止南极磷虾自溶,有效的保持南极磷虾的品质,进而更加有利于提取Cyclo(Pro-Phe)。
步骤(1)中,所述南极磷虾与甲醇加入量的质量体积比为1g:(6-10)mL,提取温度为70~85℃,优选80℃;甲醇回流提取的次数为7-9次,每次浸提的时间为1-2h。甲醇提取的次数选为7-9次,能够尽可能多的分离提取出Cyclo(Pro-Phe)。
步骤(2)中,所述甲醇膏与乙醚加入量的比为1g:(4-6)mL,加入乙醚提取的次数为4-6次,每次提取的时间为0.5-1h。乙醚的提取次数选为4-6次,不仅有效分离出南极磷虾中的Cyclo(Pro-Phe),还能尽量减少提取次数的增加所带来的能源浪费。
步骤(3)中,所述乙醚浸膏与乙醚加入量的质量体积比为1g:10mL,乙醚膏用适量乙醚溶解,可以增加与酸水的接触面积,保证碱性物质充分溶于酸水层。
步骤(3)中,所述乙醚浸膏液与硫酸水溶液加入量的体积比为1:(10-30);所述硫酸水溶液的体积分数为1~3%,优选2%,选择所述浓度的硫酸水溶液既能保证足够的酸性以去除酸性杂质,又防止硫酸浓度过高引起目的物的氧化分解。
步骤(4)中,所述酸水层中与氯仿体积比为1:1;所述氯仿与酸水层搅拌萃取次数为6-7次,每次搅拌时间为0.5~1.5h,优选的,搅拌时间为1h;充分使二者混匀能够尽可能使目标物质溶于氯仿层。
步骤(5)中,所述氯仿层A和氢氧化钠水溶液的体积比为1~2:1,优选的,所述氯仿层A和氢氧化钠水溶液的体积比为1:1;所述氢氧化钠水溶液的体积分数为1~3%;所述氯仿层A与所述氢氧化钠水溶液搅拌萃取次数为6-7次,每次搅拌时间为0.5~1.5h,优选的,搅拌时间为1h;充分使二者混匀能够尽可能除去弱酸性杂质。
本发明还公开了由上述提取纯化方法制备得到吡咯并[1,2-a]吡嗪-1,4-二酮,六氢-3-(苯基甲基)。
此外,本发明提供一种由上述提取纯化方法制备得到的吡咯并[1,2-a]吡嗪-1,4-二酮,六氢-3-(苯基甲基)的检测方法,所述方法采用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)分析检测,检测条件为:DB-1色谱柱(30m×0.25mm×0.25μm);载气:氦气;流速:1mL/min,溶剂延迟2.06min;升温程序:初始温度为50℃,以2℃/min升温到60℃,再以30℃/min升到250℃,保持8min。离子化方式:EI,70eV;离子源温度:250℃;载气:氦气;柱流速:1.0mL/min。
本发明的有益效果:
(1)本发明以南极磷虾为原料,首次从中提取纯化并检测出吡咯并[1,2-a]吡嗪-1,4-二酮,六氢-3-(苯基甲基)即:Cyclo(Pro-Phe),对南极磷虾开发具有重要意义;
(2)本发明针对南极磷虾这一特殊海洋资源,经过申请人不断摸索实验最终得到一种提取纯化吡咯并[1,2-a]吡嗪-1,4-二酮,六氢-3-(苯基甲基)的方法,该方法具有提取纯化步骤简单,所需试剂廉价易得,不需要昂贵复杂设备等优点;同时通过大量的实验和分析,选择气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对提取的Cyclo(Pro-Phe)进行分析检测,该检测方法能有效、准确的检测出Cyclo(Pro-Phe)及其含量。
附图说明
图1为实施例1样品的GC-MS质谱及结构图;
图2为实施例2样品的GC-MS质谱及结构图;
图3为实施例3样品的GC-MS质谱及结构图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明,应该说明的是,下述说明仅是为了解释本发明,并不对其内容进行限定。
实施例1:
称取100g冷冻干燥的南极磷虾,加入甲醇800ml,85℃回流提取7次,每次1h,至浸提液无色。过滤,滤液旋蒸后得甲醇膏。向甲醇膏中加入乙醚浸提4次,每次1h,过滤得乙醚浸提液;乙醚浸提液旋蒸浓缩后得乙醚浸膏。乙醚浸膏加乙醚溶解,得乙醚浸膏液,所述乙醚浸膏与乙醚的质量体积比为1g:10ml;再加入10倍于乙醚浸膏液体积的体积分数为2%的H2SO4水溶液搅拌萃取,分液得酸水层。向酸水层加入等体积的氯仿搅拌萃取6次,每次搅拌1h,静置后分液得氯仿层A。向氯仿层A中加入等体积的体积分数为2%NaOH水溶液搅拌萃取6次,每次搅拌1h,静置后分液得氯仿层B。氯仿层B蒸干氯仿后,得样品17.78mg。
对样品采用GC-MS法对物质成分进行检测,检测条件如下:
检测仪器:Agilent 7890GC-5975MS;
GC-MS条件:DB-1色谱柱(30m×0.25mm×0.25μL);载气:氦气;流速:1mL/min,溶剂延迟2.06min;升温程序:初始温度为50℃,以2℃/min升温到60℃,再以30℃/min升到250℃,保持8min。离子化方式:EI,70eV;离子源温度:250℃;载气:氦气;柱流速:1.0mL/min;进样方式:分流,比例50:1;进样体积:0.2μL。
样品1经GC-MS检测,在保留时间14.183min处的色谱峰检索匹配物质为Cyclo(Pro-Phe),其相对含量占8.82%。图1为对应的质谱及结构图。
实施例2:
称取100g冷冻干燥的南极磷虾,加入甲醇1000ml,70℃回流提取8次,每次1.5h,至浸提液无色。过滤,滤液旋蒸后得甲醇膏。向甲醇膏中加入乙醚浸提5次,每次1h,过滤得乙醚浸提液;乙醚浸提液旋蒸浓缩后得乙醚浸膏。乙醚浸膏加乙醚溶解,得乙醚浸膏液,所述乙醚浸膏与乙醚的质量体积比为1g:10ml;再加入10倍于乙醚浸膏液体积的体积分数为1%的H2SO4水溶液搅拌萃取,分液得酸水层。向酸水层加入等体积的氯仿搅拌萃取6次,每次搅拌1h,静置后分液得氯仿层A。向氯仿层A中加入等体积的体积分数为1%NaOH水溶液搅拌萃取7次,每次搅拌1h,静置后分液得氯仿层B。氯仿层B蒸干氯仿后,得样品17.81mg。
对样品采用GC-MS法对物质成分进行检测,检测方法同实施例1。经GC-MS处检测,在保留时间14.126min处的色谱峰检索匹配物质为Cyclo(Pro-Phe),其相对含量占9.02%。图2为对应的质谱及结构图。
实施例3:
称取100g冷冻干燥的南极磷虾,加入甲醇600ml,80℃回流提取9次,每次2h,至浸提液无色。过滤,滤液旋蒸后得甲醇膏。向甲醇膏中加入乙醚浸提6次,每次0.5h,过滤得乙醚浸提液;乙醚浸提液旋蒸浓缩后得乙醚浸膏。乙醚浸膏加乙醚溶解,得乙醚浸膏液,所述乙醚浸膏与乙醚的质量体积比为1g:10ml;再加入10倍于乙醚浸膏液体积的体积分数为3%的H2SO4水溶液搅拌萃取,分液得酸水层。向酸水层加入等体积的氯仿搅拌萃取7次,每次搅拌1h,静置后分液得氯仿层A。向氯仿层A中加入等体积的体积分数为3%NaOH水溶液搅拌萃取7次,每次搅拌1h,静置后分液得氯仿层B。氯仿层B蒸干氯仿后,得样品17.76mg。
对样品采用GC-MS法对物质成分进行检测,检测方法同实施例1。经检测,在保留时间14.142min处的色谱峰检索匹配物质为Cyclo(Pro-Phe),其相对含量占8.56%。图3为对应的质谱及结构图。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种南极磷虾中吡咯并[1,2-a]吡嗪-1,4-二酮,六氢-3-(苯基甲基)的提取纯化方法,其特征在于,提取纯化步骤如下:
(1)向南极磷虾中加入甲醇进行回流提取,过滤,得滤液;滤液蒸发浓缩得甲醇膏;
(2)向步骤(1)中的甲醇膏中加入乙醚浸提,过滤得乙醚液;乙醚液蒸发后得乙醚浸膏;
(3)步骤(2)的乙醚浸膏加入适量乙醚溶解后,得乙醚浸膏液,再向其中加入硫酸水溶液搅拌萃取,萃取得酸水层;
(4)向步骤(3)所得酸水层中加入氯仿进行萃取,静置分液得氯仿层A;
(5)向步骤(4)所得氯仿层A中加入氢氧化钠水溶液萃取,静置分液得碱水层和氯仿层B;
(6)将步骤(5)所得氯仿层B蒸发除溶剂,即得Cyclo(Pro-Phe)。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种提取纯化方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中,所述南极磷虾在加入甲醇前先经过冷冻干燥处理;所述南极磷虾与甲醇加入量的质量体积比为1g:(6-10)mL,提取温度为70~85℃,甲醇回流提取的次数为7-9次,每次提取的时间为1-2h。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种提取纯化方法,其特征在于,所述提取温度为80℃。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种提取纯化方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中,甲醇膏与乙醚加入量的比为1g:(4-6)mL,加入乙醚进行浸提的次数为4-6次,每次浸提的时间为0.5-1h。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种提取纯化方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)中,乙醚浸膏与乙醚加入量的质量体积比为1g:10mL;所述乙醚浸膏液与硫酸水溶液加入量的体积比为1:(10-30);所述硫酸水溶液的体积分数为1~3%。
6.如权利要求5所述的一种提取纯化方法,其特征在于,所述硫酸水溶液的体积分数为2%。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种提取纯化方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(4)中,酸水层中与氯仿体积比为1:1;氯仿与酸水层搅拌萃取次数为6-7次,每次搅拌时间为0.5~1.5h,优选的,搅拌时间为1h。
8.如权利要求1所述的一种提取纯化方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(5)中,氯仿层A和氢氧化钠水溶液的体积比为1~2:1;优选的,所述氯仿层A和氢氧化钠水溶液的体积比为1:1;所述氢氧化钠水溶液的体积分数为1~3%;所述氯仿层A与所述氢氧化钠水溶液搅拌萃取次数为6-7次,每次搅拌时间为0.5~1.5h,优选的,搅拌时间为1h。
9.权利要求1~8中任一项所述提取纯化方法制备得到的吡咯并[1,2-a]吡嗪-1,4-二酮,六氢-3-(苯基甲基)。
10.如权利要求9所述的吡咯并[1,2-a]吡嗪-1,4-二酮,六氢-3-(苯基甲基)的检测方法,其特征在于,所述方法采用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)分析检测,检测条件为:DB-1色谱柱(30m×0.25mm×0.25μL);载气:氦气;流速:1mL/min,溶剂延迟2.06min;升温程序:初始温度为50℃,以2℃/min升温到60℃,再以30℃/min升到250℃,保持8min。离子化方式:EI,70eV;离子源温度:250℃;载气:氦气;柱流速:1.0mL/min。
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