CN106248339B - A kind of high-magnitude classical shock test effect Extrapolation method - Google Patents
A kind of high-magnitude classical shock test effect Extrapolation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106248339B CN106248339B CN201610837067.XA CN201610837067A CN106248339B CN 106248339 B CN106248339 B CN 106248339B CN 201610837067 A CN201610837067 A CN 201610837067A CN 106248339 B CN106248339 B CN 106248339B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-magnitude classical shock test effect Extrapolation methods, comprising the following steps: before carrying out low amounts grade impact test, carries out basic excitation model analysis to product by random vibration test data, determines the larger position of product stress；Strain transducer is pasted in the larger position of product stress, low amounts grade impact test is carried out, obtains the strain of the larger position of low amounts grade impact test product stress, establish the data model of different impact test magnitudes and strain；Using the data model, the larger position stress of product stress under formal test high-magnitude of extrapolating carries out strength check to product.The present invention has the advantages that strong operability, easy-to-understand.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of mechanical environmental test, and in particular to a kind of high-magnitude classical shock test effect extrapolation
Method.
Background technique
Impact test is one kind of environmental suitability and reliability test, and its object is to assess the structure and function of equipment
The ability of infrequently non-repeatability mechanical shock in receiving handling, transport and use environment, determines that the structure of equipment is intact
Property and function consistency.Impact test plays a crucial role in spacecraft verifying and qualification process, is spacecraft reality
It tests room environmental and tests indispensable a part.
As type design requires, shock environment becomes more and more cruel.Currently, a large amount of type products in national defense industry field
Dynamic environmental test need to carry out high-magnitude classics semisinusoidal impact test to product.Classical shock test generally passes through shock testing machine
The testing equipments such as (drop type, pneumatic type etc.), shake table realize classical shock waveform；Wherein, drop type shock testing machine is able to achieve
The a large amount of pole classical shock tests of low quality, the small magnitude classical shock test of big quality, carrying quality are usually no more than 1T；Shake table
It is able to achieve the test of different quality difference magnitude classical shock, but no more than shake table thrust.
This product of participating in the experiment is more than 1.5T, impact amplitude 100g with tooling total weight, and product is priming system, domestic at present
Unit shake table and drop type shock testing machine capacity of equipment in the case where meeting priming system experimental condition can not fully meet this examination
Test requirement.
Shock environment examination can be withstood sufficiently to verify product, and Shock Environmental Condition has enough nargin, is testing
Under capacity of equipment allows, equipment maximum magnitude impact test is carried out, and utilize product random vibration test and the impact examination of low amounts grade
Data are tested, the method combined using test with theory, extrapolation obtains the ess-strain situation of product high-magnitude impact test, leads to
Crossing the check realization to product impact strength becomes particularly important to the examination and assessment of product.
Summary of the invention
It is provided outside a kind of high-magnitude classical shock test effect it is an object of the invention to solve above-mentioned technical problem
Push away method.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of high-magnitude classical shock test effect Extrapolation method, comprising the following steps:
Before carrying out low amounts grade impact test, basic excitation model analysis is carried out to product by random vibration test data,
Determine the larger position of product stress；
Strain transducer is pasted in the larger position of product stress, carries out low amounts grade impact test, obtains the impact examination of low amounts grade
The larger position strain of product stress is tested, the data model of different impact test magnitudes and strain is established；
Using the data model, the larger position stress of product stress under formal test high-magnitude of extrapolating carries out product
Strength check.
It is described that basic excitation model analysis is carried out to product by random vibration test data, determine the larger position of product stress
The method set is:
It is as a reference point with product and tooling input point, identify first-order modal of the product in the case where installing boundary, then really
The larger position of fixed output quota product stress.
It is described by random vibration test data to product carry out basic excitation model analysis when, along product busbar arrangement
7 Sensors carry out stress measurement.
When carrying out low amounts grade impact test, at least four difference magnitude impact test is carried out.
The difference impact test magnitude and the data model of strain use linear model.
High-magnitude classical shock test effect Extrapolation method of the invention is based on low amounts grade impact test data and basis
Excitation identification product mode, establishes data model, and apply the data model, then under extrapolation test high-magnitude product stress compared with
Big position stress carries out strength check to product, provides data supporting for the examination of product shock environmental test, having can operate
The advantages that property is strong, easy-to-understand.
The present invention is on the basis of shake table capacity of equipment, using low amounts grade random vibration test and the impact examination of low amounts grade
It tests Data Extrapolation and obtains the stress condition of product high-magnitude impact test, provide strong support for the examination of product shock environment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the basic excitation modal idenlification test system in high-magnitude classical shock test effect Extrapolation method of the invention
The schematic diagram of system；
Fig. 2 is the product first-order modal bending vibation mode picture in high-magnitude classical shock test effect Extrapolation method of the invention；
Fig. 3 is that stress is concentrated under the product difference magnitude in high-magnitude classical shock test effect Extrapolation method of the invention
The strain data figure at position；
Fig. 4 is the product stress concentration portion position low amounts grade in high-magnitude classical shock test effect Extrapolation method of the invention
Extrapolation formal test magnitude data model schematic；
In figure: 1. shake tables, the acquisition of 2. data and modal analysis system, 3. sensors, 4. test cables, 5. test works
Dress, 6. products.
Specific embodiment
In the following, in conjunction with example, property feature and advantage is further described for the essence of the present invention, but the present invention not office
It is limited to listed embodiment.
High-magnitude classical shock test effect Extrapolation method shown in Figure 1, of the invention, using basis shown in FIG. 1
Mode identification test system is motivated to carry out, which includes shake table 1, data acquisition and mode
Analysis system 2, sensor 3, test cable 4, test tool 5, product 6；Wherein, shake table 1 is the examination of basic excitation modal idenlification
The device of random vibration is generated in check system；Data acquisition and modal analysis system 2 obtain measuring point by test cable 4 and pass
Sensor 3 product 6 acceleration responsive, and according to basic excitation Modal Method identify mode；Test tool 5 be by product according to
The actual installation boundary of product 6 requires to be mounted on shake table 1.
In a specific embodiment, sensor 3 uses three-dimensional sensor, and the quality of sensor 3 is relatively smaller.
In yet another embodiment, test tool 5 should be consistent with 6 interface of product, and first-order modal is not less than product
3 times of first-order modal.
High-magnitude classical shock test effect Extrapolation method is carried out using above-mentioned basic excitation modal idenlification pilot system
The step of it is as follows:
Before carrying out low amounts grade impact test, basic excitation model analysis is carried out to product by random vibration test data,
Determine the larger position of product stress (i.e. product strains relatively large position, specifically will according to the case where different product specifically into
Row determines, i.e., chooses the fixed number being arranged in front by the sequence of strain value size from high to low from product impact test strain value
The corresponding position of the strain value of amount determines the larger position of product stress, and the quantity of the specific larger position of product stress is not according to
It is specifically determined with the strained situation of product)；
Strain transducer is pasted in the larger position of product stress, carries out low amounts grade impact test, obtains the impact examination of low amounts grade
The larger position strain of product stress is tested, the data model of different impact test magnitudes and strain is established；
Using the data model, the larger position stress of product stress under formal test high-magnitude of extrapolating carries out product
Strength check.
Wherein, described that basic excitation model analysis is carried out to product by random vibration test data in the present invention, it determines
The method of the larger position of product stress can be realized using following methods:
It is as a reference point with product and tooling input point, identify first-order modal of the product in the case where installing boundary, then really
The larger position of fixed output quota product stress.
Wherein, test when, it is described by random vibration test data to product carry out basic excitation model analysis when, can
To carry out stress measurement along 7 Sensors of product busbar arrangement according to FEM Numerical Simulation.
It should be noted that in the present invention, for the validity of data model, when carrying out low amounts grade impact test, into
Row at least four difference magnitude impact test.
It should be noted that considering the non-linear of structural impact response, consider from conservative angle and data processing difficulty,
In the present invention, the data model of the difference impact test magnitude and strain preferably uses linear model.
It should be noted that the present invention, which carries out high-magnitude classical shock, tests Extrapolation method, it is effective only for structural member, no
For electronic product, bodies of charges etc..
Fig. 2 is the product first-order modal bending vibation mode picture in high-magnitude classical shock test effect Extrapolation method of the invention, horizontal
Coordinate is product size L (mm) along the axial length, and ordinate is normalization vibration shape value (dimensionless), is caused mainly to infrastructure product
Damage is lower mode, and the small stress of amplitude is big in Mode Shape, and the big stress of amplitude is small；According to Mode Shape, and refer to
Product finite element simulation data choose product and strain relatively large position as strain testing point.
Fig. 3 is stress concentration portion under product difference magnitude in high-magnitude classical shock test effect Extrapolation method of the invention
Position strain data figure, wherein abscissa indicates impact test duration t (s), and ordinate indicates the strain value of impact test
strain(με)；
Fig. 4 is the product stress concentration portion position low amounts grade in high-magnitude classical shock test effect Extrapolation method of the invention
Extrapolation formal test magnitude data model schematic, abscissa indicate impact test peak value magnitude (g), and ordinate indicates impact examination
The strain value (μ ε) tested.
Wherein, carry out strain acquirement when, stress concentration portion position according to strain transducer measurement method to product surface into
Row processing is pasted, capture setting；For most of structural member, impact stress failure mode is that amplitude is destroyed, and the present embodiment is only
Consider amplitude damage model；When obtaining stress concentration portion position strain data, different magnitude of stress amplitude is counted, is formed
For strain-impact range number according to model, the present embodiment only considers linear model.
The present invention plants high-magnitude classical shock test effect Extrapolation method, realizes testing equipment ability and is not able to satisfy structure
Under part impact test Check, the examination of shock environment adaptability is carried out for product, data supporting is provided.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of high-magnitude classical shock test effect Extrapolation method, which comprises the following steps:
Before carrying out low amounts grade impact test, basic excitation model analysis is carried out to product by random vibration test data, is determined
The larger position of product stress；
Strain transducer is pasted in the larger position of product stress, low amounts grade impact test is carried out, obtains low amounts grade impact test and produce
It is strained at the larger position of product stress, establishes the data model of different impact test magnitudes and strain；
Using the data model, the larger position stress of product stress under formal test high-magnitude of extrapolating carries out intensity to product
It checks.
2. high-magnitude classical shock test effect Extrapolation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described by with
Machine vibration test data carries out basic excitation model analysis to product, and the method for determining the larger position of product stress is:
It is as a reference point with product and tooling input point, it identifies first-order modal of the product in the case where installing boundary, then determines and produce
The larger position of product stress.
3. high-magnitude classical shock test effect Extrapolation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described by with
When machine vibration test data carries out basic excitation model analysis to product, carried out along 7 Sensors of product busbar arrangement
Stress measurement.
4. high-magnitude classical shock test effect Extrapolation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that carrying out low amounts
When grade impact test, at least four difference magnitude impact test is carried out.
5. high-magnitude classical shock test effect Extrapolation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the different punchings
The data model of test magnitude and strain is hit using linear model.
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| CN107036774B (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2019-02-05 | 中国机械工业集团有限公司 | A kind of assessment technology that strong rammer operation influences concrete structure vibration |
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| US6829563B2 (en) * | 2001-05-31 | 2004-12-07 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Simulation method for estimating performance of product made of viscoelastic material |
| US20050072234A1 (en) * | 2003-05-20 | 2005-04-07 | Weidong Zhu | System and method for detecting structural damage |
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| JP2010256319A (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-11-11 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Method of simulating impact properties of wheel with tire |
| CN102539097A (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2012-07-04 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Forecasting system for high-magnitude test condition of sinusoidal vibration test for spacecraft |
| CN103604578A (en) * | 2013-11-04 | 2014-02-26 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Large-scale high-magnitude horizontal impact test stand based on pneumatic type |
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