CN106248245A - Distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method under a kind of complex environment - Google Patents
Distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method under a kind of complex environment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method under a kind of complex environment, including demarcation, attenuation compensation and the method for temperature demodulation, described demarcation obtains distributed optical fiber sensing system base-line data, described attenuation compensation utilizes base-line data that temperature environment to be measured presents anti-Stokes light and the stokes light ratio curve reduction perfect condition of many discontinuous points, and described temperature demodulation utilizes mathematical model to solve the actual temperature value of optical fiber every bit.Achieve in working site with the optical fiber laid, and optical fiber quality is poor, fusion point more in the case of every bit on optical fiber is carried out thermometric, widen the scope of application of distributed optical fiber temperature measurement, i.e. it is possible not only to be at optical fiber ideally measure the temperature value of every bit on optical fiber, it is also possible in optical fiber is in complex environment, measure the temperature value of every bit on optical fiber.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Fiber Optic Pyrometer field, be specifically related to distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method under a kind of complex environment.
Background technology
Temperature is one of important state parameter of all physics, chemistry and bioprocess, and temperature survey has highly important status in engineer applied and scientific research.Owing to optical fiber itself is not affected by radio-frequency field and other electromagnetic interference, do not produces the characteristic such as electric spark and good insulating so that optical fiber temperature sensor technology become field of temperature measurement be widely used, the most worth further investigation there is far-reaching new technique.
Distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system can measure the temperature at optical fiber place along the line continuously, measure distance in several kilometer range, spatial positioning accuracy reaches the order of magnitude of rice, it is possible to carries out continual automatic measurement, is particularly well-suited to need the application scenario of large-range measuring.The way measuring temperature the most traditional in distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system is, uses stokes light to be demodulated anti-Stokes light, i.e. tries to achieve the light intensity ratio of anti-Stokes light and stokes light, then light intensity ratio signal is carried out attenuation compensation.But in actual applications, the signal that APD module receives is not anti-Stokes light with stokes light in the light intensity of optical fiber diverse location, but anti-Stokes light and stokes light are through back-propagation in a fiber, light intensity after attenuation loss, so first the signal to receive APD module carries out attenuation compensation.
Prior art simply allows anti-Stokes light be multiplied by an exponential function with 10 as the end with the ratio signal of stokes light when carrying out attenuation compensation, and this method is adaptable (as shown in Figure 1) under the conditions of optical fiber quality is reasonable.But in some conditions, said method is the most applicable.Such as: at the scene in some environment, optical fiber has been laid complete, we apply others' optical fiber to carry out thermometric, and unit in charge of construction is restricted by environment during laying optical fiber, optical fiber fusing point is more, on optical fiber, multiple spot affected by force is serious, and making anti-Stokes light is no longer the form presenting exponential function with the ratio of stokes light, but presents the form (as shown in Figure 2) of many discontinuous points.Therefore, how in complex environment, application distribution optical fiber carries out thermometric and becomes problem demanding prompt solution.
Chinese invention patent document (patent No.: 200810060190.0) discloses the thermometry of a kind of distributed optical fiber temperature transducer system, comprises the following steps: (1) calculates the deviation in system between Rayleigh scattering signal and the measured value of Anti-Stokes signal and theoretical value；(2) actual measured value of actual for system Rayleigh scattering signal and Anti-Stokes signal is individually subtracted its deviation and is worth to its improvement values；(3) temperature value of each point on optical fiber is determined according to the ratio of Rayleigh scattering signal Yu the improvement values of Anti-Stokes signal.The method achieves system the most accurately under a certain steady temperature, such as, at 25 DEG C, measure each point temperature value on perfect condition optical fiber.Obvious, there is problems with in the method, first, in practical implementation, as described in epimere, there is the problems such as of poor quality, fusing point is many in optical fiber, then light transmits its Rayleigh signal produced in a fiber and impossible first as shown in Fig. 3 group original value disclosed in this patent of Anti-Stokes signal is the most smooth, this patented method is difficult to the temperature value demodulation of each point on optical fiber in this case, not to mention the guarantee of certainty of measurement.Furthermore, this patented method is with no specific disclosure of how determining the temperature value of each point on optical fiber, existing more widespread practice is, after obtaining anti-Stokes optical signal and the ratio curve of the improvement values of Reyleith scanttering light signal, the mathematical model using a linear equation in two unknowns goes to obtain temperature value curve, it is multiplied by the Monomial coefficient of a linear equation in two unknowns by finally giving the Anti-Stokes signal ratio with the improvement values of Rayleigh signal and adds the means of its constant term exactly specifically, obtaining temperature value curve.The defect of this mathematical model is, fiber distance is not connected with the temperature value of every bit on optical fiber.When optical fiber head and the tail raise identical temperature, the temperature value head and the tail that this mathematical model demodulates there are differences, the most accurately.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is complicated in order to realize in distribution type fiber-optic local environment, optical fiber quality is poor, fusing point more when disclosure satisfy that engineering demand carries out accurate temperature measurement, it is proposed that distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method under a kind of complex environment.
nullThe invention provides distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method under a kind of complex environment，Including obtaining anti-Stokes light and stokes light light intensity ratio curve，Described light intensity ratio curve is carried out attenuation compensation，And determine the temperature value of each point on optical fiber according to the anti-Stokes light after attenuation compensation and stokes light light intensity ratio，The present invention is on the basis of existing technology，Form one and brand-new be suitable for being in the temp measuring method of optical fiber in complex environment: first distributed optical fiber sensing system is demarcated by described method，First obtain the base-line data of experiment optical fiber and be stored in distributed optical fiber sensing system，Then when actual thermometric，Read the base-line data demarcated of distributed optical fiber sensing system storage，And obtain becoming the RadioResult (L) of non-linear relation with temperature according to formula (1)，Finally RadioResult (L) is carried out non-linear demodulation and obtain the temperature of each point on optical fiber，
Wherein, L is fiber lengths,For the light intensity ratio of anti-Stokes light Yu stokes light, CzFor difference base-line data, D (L) is the function that penalty coefficient base-line data is relevant to fiber lengths L.
Further, the described method demarcating distributed optical fiber sensing system is to obtain and test the anti-Stokes light of optical fiber and the denary logarithm function of stokes light light intensity ratio and carry out overall fitting of a polynomial, and fitting result is designated as Bzn, and the denary logarithm function of described experiment optical fiber anti-Stokes light Yu stokes light light intensity ratio is carried out piecewise polynomial fitting, fitting result is designated as Bfn, seek BznWith BfnDifference, be defined as difference base-line data, result is designated as Cz, the coefficient of the function after described overall fitting of a polynomial is defined as penalty coefficient base-line data, when the difference base-line data obtained and penalty coefficient base-line data are stored in distributed optical fiber sensing system as base-line data for actual thermometric.
Further, D (L) is that the coefficient testing the function after carrying out overall fitting of a polynomial after optical fiber anti-Stokes light seeks denary logarithm function with stokes light light intensity ratio of distributed optical fiber sensing system storage removes constant term, high-order term is negated, and seeks the exponential function with 10 as the end that it is relevant to fiber lengths L.
Further, after described actual thermometric solves RadioResult (L), by a mathematical model, RadioRe sult (L) curve being carried out temperature demodulation, described mathematical model is
Temperature (L)=A1×L+A2×RadioResult(L)n+A3×RadioResult(L)(n-1)+...+An×RadioResult(L)2+An+1×RadioResult(L)+An+2N≤3,
Solve the actual temperature value of optical fiber every bit, wherein, L represents actual samples and counts, also fiber lengths is represented, Temperature (L) is the actual temperature of environment fibre-optical every bit to be measured, RadioResult (L) is the light intensity ratio of anti-Stokes light after attenuation compensation and stokes light, A under environment to be measured1、A2……An+2For coefficient.
Further, the method that the described denary logarithm function to experiment optical fiber anti-Stokes light with stokes light light intensity ratio carries out piecewise polynomial fitting is: is obtained the attenuation points data of experiment optical fiber by distributed optical fiber sensing system, for waypoint, the anti-Stokes light after with 10 for end Logarithmic calculation and stokes light light intensity ratio is carried out piecewise polynomial fitting with attenuation points data.
Further, described attenuation points data are prepared by the following: use distributed optical fiber sensing system to obtain experiment optical fiber anti-Stokes optical signal and Stokes optical signal, and after asking for the ratio signal of anti-Stokes light and stokes light, observe described ratio signal, to having fusing point and signal to have the place of substantially decay to be marked and record, and the data of record are defined as attenuation points data.
Preferably, described piecewise polynomial fitting all uses second order polynomial fit with overall fitting of a polynomial.
Preferably, described in solve RadioResult (L) after, by a mathematical model, the anti-Stokes light after attenuation compensation and stokes light light intensity ratio RadioResult (L) curve are carried out temperature demodulation, described mathematical model is
Temperature (L)=A1×(L)+A2×RadioResult(L)2+A3×RadioResult(L)+A4, wherein, L represents actual samples and counts, and also represents fiber lengths, and Temperature (L) is the actual temperature of optical fiber every bit, A under environment to be measured1、A2、A3、A4For coefficient.
The invention have the benefit that
1. achieve in working site with the optical fiber laid, and optical fiber quality is poor, fusion point more in the case of every bit on optical fiber is carried out thermometric, widen the scope of application of distributed optical fiber temperature measurement, i.e. it is possible not only to be at optical fiber ideally measure the temperature value of every bit on optical fiber, it is also possible in optical fiber is in complex environment, measure the temperature value of every bit on optical fiber.
2. the mathematical model of temperature demodulation is compared to other type of mathematical model, is connected by the temperature value of fiber distance with optical fiber every bit, more guarantees to demodulate the accuracy of temperature value, reaches engine request.
3. by storing a large amount of base-line data in distributed optical fiber sensing system, directly invoking when actual thermometric, what system can be more convenient carries out attenuation compensation work.
4. in Raman scattering, anti-Stokes photon number and Stokes number of photons all can change with temperature and change, and anti-Stokes light is higher to the sensitivity of temperature, and stokes light can eliminate light source power influence of fluctuations, is more suitable for measuring each point temperature value on optical fiber.
5. after anti-Stokes light and stokes light ratio signal being obtained, carry out attenuation compensation again, than asking ratio to carry out the few process carrying out an attenuation compensation of temperature demodulation again after respectively anti-Stokes optical signal and Stokes optical signal being carried out attenuation compensation, flow process more simplifies.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is anti-Stokes light and stokes light ratio curve under the ideal state of optical fiber situation,
Fig. 2 is anti-Stokes light and stokes light ratio curve under the complex state of optical fiber situation,
Fig. 3 is embodiment of the present invention calibration process flow chart,
Fig. 4 is embodiment of the present invention attenuation compensation process flow diagram flow chart,
Fig. 5 is embodiment of the present invention anti-Stokes light and the original ratio curve of stokes light and Bfn、Bzn、RnCurve chart,
Fig. 6 is embodiment of the present invention anti-Stokes light and the original ratio curve of stokes light and BfnCurve partial enlarged drawing,
Fig. 7 is the anti-Stokes light after embodiment of the present invention attenuation compensation and temperature demodulation and stokes light ratio curve figure.
Detailed description of the invention
The detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method under a kind of complex environment that the present embodiment provides, includes 1. demarcation, 2. attenuation compensation, the 3. step of temperature demodulation successively, specifically comprises the following steps that as it is shown on figure 3, demarcate
(1.1) distributed optical fiber sensing system is used to obtain this experiment optical fiber Anti-Stokes signal and Stokes signal, observe above-mentioned signal, to having fusing point and signal to have the data of substantially decay to be marked and record, and the data of record are defined as attenuation points data
(1.2) ask for the light intensity ratio of described experiment optical fiber anti-Stokes light and stokes light, and light intensity ratio taken denary logarithm,
(1.3) for waypoint, the light intensity ratio data after with 10 for end Logarithmic calculation are carried out segmentation with attenuation points data,
(1.4) according to segment information, each section of light intensity ratio data after with 10 for end Logarithmic calculation being carried out second order polynomial fit, fitting result is designated as Bfn, gained BfnCurve as it is shown in figure 5, the experiment original anti-Stokes light of optical fiber and stokes light light intensity ratio curve and piecewise fitting after BfnCurve magnification figure refers to Fig. 6,
(1.5) anti-Stokes light asking for step (1.2) carries out second order polynomial fit with the denary logarithm function of the light intensity ratio of stokes light, and fitting result is designated as Bzn, gained BznCurve as it is shown in figure 5, the second order polynomial fit coefficient obtained is defined as penalty coefficient base-line data and stores,
(1.6) B is soughtznWith BfnDifference, be defined as difference base-line data, result is designated as Cz, CzIt is defined as distributed optical fiber sensing system base-line data with step (1.5) gained penalty coefficient base-line data, and is stored in distributed optical fiber sensing system.
As described in Figure 4, attenuation compensation specifically comprises the following steps that
(2.1) anti-Stokes light and the stokes light data of optical fiber are obtained by the distributed optical fiber sensing system of described demarcating steps typing base-line data,
(2.2) anti-Stokes light of step (2.1) and the light intensity ratio of stokes light are asked,
(2.3) base-line data needed for this system thermometric is read according to step (2.1) distributed optical fiber sensing system,
(2.4) anti-Stokes light of step (2.2) and the light intensity ratio of stokes light are taken denary logarithm, and deduct C with the light intensity ratio of the anti-Stokes light calculated through denary logarithm Yu stokes lightz, result is designated as Rn, gained RnCurve is as it is shown in figure 5, and to RnSeeking the index with 10 as the end, result is designated as Rn1,
(2.5) step (2.1) distributed optical fiber sensing system second order polynomial fit coefficient is read, remove constant term coefficient, high-order term coefficient is negated, second order polynomial coefficient after treatment is sought the exponential function with 10 as the end that it is relevant to fiber lengths L, result is designated as D (L)
(2.6) by Rn1With D (L) one_to_one corresponding mutually multiplied Radio Re sult (L), i.e. pass through formula Obtaining the anti-stoke light after attenuation compensation and stokes light light intensity ratio, gained Radio Re sult (L) curve refers to Fig. 7.
Temperature demodulation specifically comprises the following steps that
(3.1) founding mathematical models:
Temperature (L)=A1×L+A2×RadioResult(L)2+A3×RadioResult(L)+A4, wherein, L represents actual samples and counts, also fiber lengths is represented, Temperature (L) is the actual temperature of environment fibre-optical every bit to be measured, and RadioResult (L) is anti-stoke light after attenuation compensation and stokes light light intensity ratio, A under environment to be measured1、A2、A3、A4For coefficient；
(3.2) the coefficient A of described mathematical model is solved1、A2、A3、A4；
(3.2.1) one section of experiment optical fiber head and the tail two ends is winded out fiber turns, and carry out warming temperature；
(3.2.2) from distributed optical fiber temperature measurement equipment, read length L of head and the tail fiber turns；
(3.2.3) temperature value that fiber turns is heated up is read, calculate the light intensity ratio of whole piece experiment optical fiber anti-Stokes light and stokes light, and carry out attenuation compensation, obtain the head and the tail data point corresponding to fiber turns ratio data accordingly after attenuation compensation, and seek the average of ratio data corresponding to these data points；
(3.2.4) step (3.2.1) is repeated at least 4 times to (3.2.3), obtain head and the tail fiber turns temperature data under at least 4 different temperatures, and the average of head and the tail data point corresponding to fiber turns ratio data after attenuation compensation accordingly under at least 4 different temperatures；
(3.2.5) average of head and the tail fiber turns anti-Stokes light at the same temperature with the ratio data of stokes light is carried out linear fit, the average of each ratio data that step (3.2.4) obtains is fitted, at least obtains 4 fit lines；
(3.2.6) A of every bit on experiment optical fiber is solved1、A2、A3、A4Coefficient:
A () obtains experiment at least 4 mean data of optical fiber certain point from step (3.2.5) fitting data,
B the mean data of acquisition is brought into by ()
Temperature (L)=A1×L+A2×RadioResult(L)2+A3×RadioResult(L)+A4In, solving equations tries to achieve the A of this point1、A2、A3、A4Coefficient, and store,
C each point on () traversal optical fiber, repeats step (a) to (b), obtains the coefficient A of every bit on optical fiber1、A2、A3、A4, and store；
(3.3) when actual thermometric, optical fiber anti-stoke light and stokes light light intensity ratio RadioResult (L) in attenuation compensation step, environment to be measured are it is known that the A of optical fiber every bit1、A2、A3、A4Coefficient stores, can bring Temperature (L)=A into1×L+A2×RadioResult(L)2+A3×RadioResult(L)+A4In solve the actual temperature value of optical fiber every bit, after temperature demodulation, in environment to be measured, the light intensity ratio of optical fiber anti-stoke light and stokes light RadioResult (L) curve after attenuation compensation refers to Fig. 7.The temperature curve linearity calculated after using art solutions of the present invention is good, distortionless, it is achieved that optical fiber quality is poor, fusion point more in the case of every bit on optical fiber is carried out thermometric.
Claims (8)
1. a distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method under complex environment, including obtaining anti-Stokes light and stokes light light intensity ratio
Curve, carries out attenuation compensation to described light intensity ratio curve, and according to the anti-Stokes light after attenuation compensation and stokes light
Light intensity ratio determines the temperature value of each point on optical fiber, it is characterised in that: first distributed optical fiber sensing system is carried out by described method
Demarcate, first obtain the base-line data of experiment optical fiber and be stored in distributed optical fiber sensing system, then when actual thermometric,
Read the base-line data demarcated of distributed optical fiber sensing system storage, and obtain becoming nonlinear dependence with temperature according to formula (1)
The RadioResult (L) of system, finally carries out non-linear demodulation to RadioResult (L) and obtains the temperature of each point on optical fiber,
Wherein, L is fiber lengths,For the light intensity ratio of anti-Stokes light Yu stokes light, CzFor difference baseline
Data, D (L) is the function that penalty coefficient base-line data is relevant to fiber lengths L.
2. distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method under a kind of complex environment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described to distribution
The method that formula optical fiber sensing system carries out demarcating is, obtains anti-Stokes light and the stokes light light intensity ratio of experiment optical fiber
Denary logarithm function also carries out overall fitting of a polynomial, and fitting result is designated as Bzn, and to described experiment optical fiber anti-this
Lentor light carries out piecewise polynomial fitting with the denary logarithm function of stokes light light intensity ratio, and fitting result is designated as
Bfn, seek BznWith BfnDifference, be defined as difference base-line data, result is designated as Cz, letter after described overall fitting of a polynomial
The coefficient of number is defined as penalty coefficient base-line data, and the difference base-line data obtained and penalty coefficient base-line data are stored in point
In cloth optical fiber sensing system as base-line data for actual thermometric time.
3. distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method under a kind of complex environment as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: D (L) is for dividing
The experiment optical fiber anti-Stokes light of cloth optical fiber sensing system storage seeks denary logarithm with stokes light light intensity ratio
The coefficient carrying out the function after overall fitting of a polynomial after function removes constant term, is negated by high-order term, and asks itself and optical fiber long
The exponential function with 10 as the end that degree L is relevant.
4. distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method under a kind of complex environment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described actual survey
After temperature solves RadioResult (L), by a mathematical model, RadioResult (L) curve is carried out temperature demodulation,
Described mathematical model is
Temperature (L)=A1×L+A2×RadioResult(L)n+A3×RadioResult(L)(n-1)+
…+An×RadioResult(L)2+An+1×RadioResult(L)+An+2N≤3,
Solving the actual temperature value of optical fiber every bit, wherein, L represents actual samples and counts, and also represents fiber lengths,
Temperature (L) is the actual temperature of environment fibre-optical every bit to be measured, and RadioResult (L) is through overdamping under environment to be measured
Anti-Stokes light after compensation and the light intensity ratio of stokes light, A1、A2……An+2For coefficient.
5. distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method under a kind of complex environment as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: described to experiment
The denary logarithm function of optical fiber anti-Stokes light and stokes light light intensity ratio carries out the side of piecewise polynomial fitting
Method is: obtained the attenuation points data of experiment optical fiber by distributed optical fiber sensing system, with attenuation points data for waypoint to through with 10
Piecewise polynomial fitting is carried out for the anti-Stokes light after end Logarithmic calculation and stokes light light intensity ratio.
6. distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method under a kind of complex environment as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: described attenuation points
Data are prepared by the following: use distributed optical fiber sensing system to obtain experiment optical fiber anti-Stokes optical signal and stoke
This optical signal, and after asking for the ratio signal of anti-Stokes light and stokes light, observe described ratio signal, to there being fusing point
The place having substantially decay with signal is marked and record, and the data of record are defined as attenuation points data.
7. distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method under a kind of complex environment as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: described segmentation is many
Item formula matching all uses second order polynomial fit with overall fitting of a polynomial.
8. distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method under a kind of complex environment as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that solve described in:
After RadioResult (L), by a mathematical model, RadioResult (L) curve being carried out temperature demodulation, described mathematical model is
Temperature (L)=A1×(L)+A2×RadioResult(L)2+A3×RadioResult(L)+A4, wherein, L represents
Actual samples is counted, and also represents fiber lengths, and Temperature (L) is the actual temperature of optical fiber every bit, A under environment to be measured1、
A2、A3、A4For coefficient.
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| CN109632136A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-04-16 | 杭州线感光电技术有限公司 | A kind of distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method of superelevation spatial resolution |
| CN111579086A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-25 | 成都电科慧安科技有限公司 | Remote infrared temperature measurement precision correction method based on distance compensation |
| CN111765987A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-10-13 | 国兴汇金(深圳)科技有限公司 | Distributed multi-section optical fiber temperature measuring method, system and storage medium |
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| JPH0769223B2 (en) * | 1989-06-08 | 1995-07-26 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Temperature measurement method and distributed optical fiber temperature sensor |
| US7564562B2 (en) * | 2007-02-23 | 2009-07-21 | Ziebel (US), Inc. | Method for demodulating signals from a dispersive white light interferometric sensor and its application to remote optical sensing |
| US8428902B2 (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2013-04-23 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | System and method for measuring fiber temperatures using OTDR measurements |
| CN203772448U (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-08-13 | 上海拜安传感技术有限公司 | Distributed fiber temperature measuring device |
| CN103644981B (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2017-01-25 | 上海拜安传感技术有限公司 | Distributed optical fiber temperature measuring system |
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