CN106248148B - Supersonic gas body sensor - Google Patents
Supersonic gas body sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN106248148B CN106248148B CN201610839388.3A CN201610839388A CN106248148B CN 106248148 B CN106248148 B CN 106248148B CN 201610839388 A CN201610839388 A CN 201610839388A CN 106248148 B CN106248148 B CN 106248148B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of supersonic gas body sensors, it include: a gas chamber being made of closed hollow pipe to accommodate under test gas, two ultrasonic transducers are separately mounted to the both ends of gas chamber, hollow pipe both ends are respectively formed Large Diameter Pipeline section to install ultrasonic transducer, the caliber of hollow pipe middle section is then less than the Large Diameter Pipeline section at both ends and forms small diameter tube section, and a blow vent is respectively arranged on the side wall at hollow pipe both ends；It further include a gasmetry control system, gasmetry control system can selectively motivate any one ultrasonic transducer to issue the multiple-pulse ultrasonic signal of given frequency and can handle two opposite propagation times；The equivalent cross-sectional area of pipeline between two ultrasonic transducers is not more than using ultrasonic wavelength as a quarter of the area of a circle of diameter；It is an advantage of the invention that can flow to ultra-low quantity of flow gas and gas componant accurately detected, widened the application range of supersonic gas body sensor significantly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to it is a kind of can in the flow or/and gas to ultra-low quantity of flow gas concentration of each constituent etc. into
The supersonic gas body sensor of row measurement.
Background technique
Supersonic gas body sensor is mainly used for measuring each gas group in uninterrupted, direction and the mixed gas of gas
The content (also referred to as concentration) divided.
Now widely used supersonic gas body sensor, structure specifically include that one to accommodate under test gas
Closed gas chamber, the gas chamber include hollow pipe closed at both ends, the first ultrasonic transducer and the second ultrasonic transducer with
The distance of setting is separately mounted to the both ends of gas chamber, is respectively arranged with a blow vent on the side wall close to hollow pipe both ends,
Under test gas can enter gas chamber from a blow vent, and flow out gas chamber from another blow vent；Further include one to be connected to and the first surpass
The gasmetry control system of acoustic wave transducer and the second ultrasonic transducer, gasmetry control system can be motivated selectively
Any one ultrasonic transducer issues ultrasonic signal and can receive and handle letter received by another ultrasonic transducer
Number.Gasmetry control system makes the first sound wave of the first ultrasonic transducer one given frequency of transmitting, and the first sound wave passes through
It is received after under test gas by the second ultrasonic transducer in gas chamber, the first sound wave is denoted as the first biography from the time being received is emitted to
Between sowing time；Then gasmetry control system make the second ultrasonic transducer emit a same frequency the second sound wave, second
Sound wave is passed through in gas chamber and is received after under test gas by the first ultrasonic transducer, and the second sound wave is remembered from the time being received is emitted to
For the second propagation time.In first propagation time and the second propagation time and gas chamber in the average molecular weight, gas chamber of under test gas
Temperature, the flow direction of under test gas and the distance between speed and two ultrasonic transducers are related in gas chamber.Gas
Reception circuit in Measurement and Control System amplifies the signal received, by using peak value to amplified reception signal
The means of amplitude detection measure the first propagation time and the second propagation time.
When the indoor under test gas of gas does not flow, the microprocessor in gasmetry control system can be propagated using first
Time or the second propagation time may be used also to calculate the average molecular weight of under test gas if under test gas is binary mixture
Further calculate the content (concentration of i.e. each gas) of each gas under test gas.
When the indoor under test gas of gas is flowed with certain speed to a direction, gasmetry control system then can benefit
Time difference between the two is calculated with the first measured propagation time and the second propagation time, a pacing of going forward side by side is calculated
The size, direction of the traffic of under test gas flow out, if under test gas is binary mixture, equally can also further calculate to
Survey the content (concentration of i.e. each gas) of each gas in gas.
Since spread speed of the temperature to ultrasonic wave can have an impact, in order to improve measurement accuracy, in gas chamber also
It is usually provided with temperature sensor.Gasmetry control system acquires temperature value when ultrasonic wave is propagated, and according to the temperature value
To correct final testing result.
Above structure and the supersonic gas body sensor of principle have the following characteristics that precision is high, the service life is long, stability is good,
It is swift in response, detection cycle is short, be capable of measuring gas concentration or be not only capable of measuring gas concentration but also is capable of measuring the size of gas flow
And direction.
Currently, in ultrasonic gas sensor field, in order to which to smaller flow, (such as flow is 50~200 ml/mins
Clock) gas measure, technical thought possible in theory mainly has several following, but these technical thoughts all encounter
It is difficult to the difficulty being embodied, details are as follows.
One, the temporal resolution of detection circuit is improved.
Improve detection circuit temporal resolution be it is most immediately possible, be easiest to the scheme expected.Using such scheme,
The structure of sensor gas chamber is not necessarily to do any improvement, the intensity of signal is suitable with normal detection.
But this scheme has the following disadvantages: one, needs to will increase product using high-cost time detecting element
Cost.Although the detection accuracy of flow theoretically can be improved in the temporal resolution for two, improving detection circuit, sensor
The symmetry of structure, the consistency of ultrasonic transducer performance also bring significant impact to the detection of propagation time difference.Work as flow
When range drops to 50~200 ml/min of ultra-low quantity of flow, in the case where structure is constant, since positive and negative two directions are propagated
Time difference between time significantly reduces, asymmetry caused by a variety of causes and ultrasonic transducer performance it is inconsistent
Deviation brought by property becomes the major obstacle that detection accuracy is difficult to be promoted considerably beyond the limitation of temporal resolution.
Two, increase the spacing between two energy converters.
The spacing between time difference and two ultrasonic transducers between positive and negative two direction propagation times is at just
Than therefore, increasing the spacing between two ultrasonic transducers can achieve the purpose for improving flow detection precision.
But increases the spacing between two ultrasonic transducers and will increase the decaying of ultrasonic wave.Moreover, the increase of spacing
It is also conditional；This is because: the ultrasonic wave caused by being changed by molecular weight gas and gas temperature is between two energy converters
Propagation time variation, no more than the cycle time of ultrasonic wave, the spacing between two ultrasonic transducers is bigger, above-mentioned
The variation in propagation time caused by molecular weight gas and gas temperature is bigger.
Three, the cross-sectional area of detection pipeline is reduced.
Gas flow in pipeline is equal to the product of gas flow rate and conduit cross-sectional area.In order in existing time resolution
Lower gas flow is detected under rate, needs the flow velocity of lift gas.In the case where gas flow is certain, by reducing pipeline
Cross-sectional area, the flow velocity of gas can be increased, increase the time difference between positive and negative two direction propagation times to reach
Purpose.But this improvement is also limited.Because the cross-sectional area that large scale reduces detection pipeline can make super what is wherein propagated
Acoustic signals are substantially decayed, and the signal strength of receiving end is greatly reduced, and lead to not normally detect.Therefore, currently known
In ultrasonic gas sensor design, in order to be reduced as far as decaying of the ultrasonic wave in communication process, cylinder is usually required that
Wavelength of the internal diameter and ultrasonic wave of shape hollow pipe in institute's detection gas is roughly the same or is greater than this wavelength, preferably wavelength
1~2 times.
Summary of the invention
For these reasons, ultra-low quantity of flow gas can be accurately measured the object of the present invention is to provide one kind (such as flow is
50~200 ml/mins) supersonic gas body sensor.
To achieve the goals above, the main technical principle of the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows.
Firstly, distinguishing shape at hollow pipe both ends for the ultrasonic energy for utilizing ultrasonic transducer to be emitted as far as possible
Then it is less than the Large Diameter Pipeline section at both ends to install ultrasonic transducer, the caliber of hollow pipe middle section at Large Diameter Pipeline section and is formed
Small diameter tube section, and when small diameter tube section cross-sectional area is less than or equal to a quarter of the transmitting terminal area of ultrasonic transducer,
Intermediate conduit close to ultrasonic transducer does not narrow down to final intermediate conduit size not instead of quickly, and there are a transition
Structure is transitioned into final intermediate conduit size by ultrasonic transducer emitting facet size.Transition structure can use straight line
Shape or curved loudspeaker body carry out transition, with the ultrasonic energy signal for utilizing ultrasonic transducer to be emitted as far as possible.Its
It is secondary, it is driven and is emitted using multiple-pulse, multiple ultrasonic pulses are superimposed in gas chamber pipeline will form standing wave, and the standing wave of superposition can increase
It is strong to receive signal, so as to make the signal-to-noise ratio in the case of small diameter tube be greatly improved.After synthesis takes above-mentioned innovative measure,
The signal-to-noise ratio of receiving end has obtained very big improvement, this to realize using supersonic gas body sensor to the gas of ultra-low quantity of flow into
Row detection is possibly realized.
Technical solution used by goal of the invention to realize the present invention is explained in detail below.
The supersonic gas body sensor, comprising: a closed gas chamber to accommodate under test gas, the gas chamber
Including a hollow pipe closed at both ends, hollow pipe both ends are respectively formed Large Diameter Pipeline section to install ultrasonic transducer, hollow
The caliber of pipe middle section is then less than the Large Diameter Pipeline section at both ends and forms small diameter tube section, the first ultrasonic transducer and the second ultrasound
Wave transducer is separately mounted to the both ends of gas chamber with the distance set, is respectively arranged with one on the side wall close to hollow pipe both ends
A blow vent, under test gas can enter gas chamber from a blow vent, and flow out gas chamber from another blow vent；It further include a gas
Bulk measurement control system, the gasmetry control system include: to be respectively coupled to two ultrasonic transducers and can selectively swash
Encourage the switching switching network that ultrasonic transducer issues ultrasonic wave and another ultrasonic transducer receives ultrasonic wave, one
A microprocessor for being connected to switching switching network is connected to the transmit circuit of switching switching network and microprocessor and receives processing electricity
Road；Microprocessor motivates the first sound of the first ultrasonic transducer sending given frequency by transmit circuit and switching switching network
Wave, the first sound wave pass through the indoor under test gas of gas, and the second ultrasonic transducer then receives first acoustic signals, from first
It was the first propagation time that sound wave, which starts to be emitted to the time being received,；Then, wait the first sound wave in gas chamber by damped oscillation
After disappearance, microprocessor motivates the second ultrasonic transducer to issue and the first sound wave by transmit circuit and switching switching network
Second sound wave of the same umber of pulse of same frequency, the second sound wave pass through the indoor under test gas of gas, and the first ultrasonic transducer is then
The second acoustic wave signal is received, it was the second propagation time that the time being received is emitted to since the second sound wave；Microprocessor
Containing for gas composition in the flow and/or under test gas of gas is calculated according to the first propagation time and the second propagation time
Amount；Its main feature is that: first sound wave and the second sound wave is multiple-pulse sound wave, and the first sound wave and the second sound wave are being worn
Standing wave can be formed when crossing gas chamber in gas chamber respectively；The equivalent cross-sectional area of pipeline between two ultrasonic transducers be not more than with
First wave length of sound is a quarter of the area of a circle of diameter；Also, when small diameter tube section cross-sectional area is not more than ultrasonic wave transducer
When a quarter of the transmitting terminal area of device, the Large Diameter Pipeline section at hollow pipe both ends passes through a loudspeaker body respectively and is smoothly transitted into
Small diameter tube section among hollow pipe；The inner surface of loudspeaker body is the inner surface of energy reflected acoustic wave.
The above-mentioned equivalent cross-sectional area of pipeline refers to: assuming that they are used hollow there are two supersonic gas body sensor
The pipeline configuration of pipe is different, but the spacing and second between two ultrasonic transducers in first supersonic gas body sensor
The spacing between two ultrasonic transducers in a supersonic gas body sensor is equal, and first ultrasonic gas sensing
The conduit cross-sectional area of hollow pipe is variation, the conduit cross-sectional area of the hollow heart pipe of second supersonic gas body sensor in device
It is constant --- cylindrical pipe is such as used, when the gas of same flow and flow rate flows through in the two supersonic gas body sensors
Pipeline when, if the propagation time difference of the positive and negative both direction of two supersonic gas body sensors is identical, second ultrasonic wave
The conduit cross-sectional area of gas sensor is referred to as the equivalent cross-sectional area of pipeline of first supersonic gas body sensor.
In addition, needing exist for that " including a dumbbell shape flowtube is to increase gas flow rate with United States Patent (USP) US8,584,531
Ultrasonic gas flow measurement device (Ultrasonic gas flow measurement device including a
Dumbbell-shaped flow tube to increase gas flow speed) " in dumbbell shape pipe design distinguished open
Come.
In United States Patent (USP) US8,584,531, the effect of the first centrum and the second centrum therein is: the first, flowing through
Air-flow it is smooth, reduce interference of the turbulent flow to ultrasonic signal；The second, echo interference is reduced, for this purpose, the technical solution of the patent
In must the inner surface of centrum cover one layer of mute material.
And in the present invention, due to the rapids of ultra-low quantity of flow gas detected (such as flow down to 50~200 ml/mins)
Stream can be ignored the interference of ultrasonic signal, carry out smooth flow of gas without pyramidal portion.
Secondly, in the present invention, since actually required small diameter tube segment pipe cross sections product will usually be less than ultrasonic waves
The transmitting terminal area of energy device, if intermediate conduit is directly reduced to final required size, the transmitting of ultrasonic transducer
Most of ultrasound that end face directly facing intermediate conduit parallel with emitting facet and an only aperture end face, will be emitted in this way
Wave energy will be directly mirrored back and damping vibration attenuation, is not utilized.After using loudspeaker body transition structure in the present invention,
Emitted ultrasonic signal can be made to enter intermediate tubule diameter segment pipe under inclined-plane guidance, the utilization rate of ultrasonic signal obtains
It significantly improves.Not only for using the ultrasonic signal being emitted on loudspeaker body inclined-plane, this is tubaeform as far as possible internal surface
Mute material cannot be covered, needs to be emitted to thereon as far as possible using the stronger hard smooth surface of albedo instead
Ultrasonic signal reflection is directed in gas chamber pipeline, and finally arrives at and receive energy converter.It can be seen that the loudspeaker in the present invention
The final use and purpose of body segments and the conical section in United States Patent (USP) US8,584,531 are completely different.
In addition, thinking in 584,531, due to " user's gas to be measured it is of special importance that United States Patent (USP) US8
Flow is all smaller and flow velocity is low ", therefore, the purpose is to " provide a kind of supersonic gas fluid measurement device, it passes through a dumbbell
Type pipe increases gas flow rate, to reduce gas piping length, to accurately calculate gas flow rate and molecular weight ".As it can be seen that should
It is not expressly recited in United States Patent (USP) US8,584,531 file how to the gas of ultra-low quantity of flow (such as 50~200 ml/mins)
The technical solution that body is accurately measured, inventor are reducing existing supersonic gas body sensor gas merely by its invention
While body length of pipe and volume, as far as possible holding supersonic gas body sensor originally possessed by precision without reduce.
And the purpose of the present invention is then to develop a kind of ultrasonic gas sensing that can measure ultra-low quantity of flow gas
Device, and achieve completely new technical effect: flow range only has 1/50 or so of existing product flow range, zero point accuracy
Also reach 10~50 times or so of existing product zero point accuracy.Therefore, the present invention and United States Patent (USP) US8,584,531 invention mesh
, the technical solution used and technical effect obtained all have substantive difference, belong to two kinds of entirely different skills
Art scheme.
Further, supersonic gas body sensor above-mentioned, wherein receiving processing circuit limits the signal received
Width amplification, and "or" or AND operation, shielded signal energy are carried out with a shielded signal and the reception signal after limited range enlargement
The small amplitude components received in signal envelope are masked, to detect that the pulse for receiving large amplitude part in signal envelope is arrived
Up to the time.Preferably, the small amplitude components received in signal envelope are at least below reception signal envelope peak-peak
60% part.
In actual operation, shielded signal is if high level signal, then the reception signal after shielded signal and limited range enlargement
Carry out inclusive-OR operation；Shielded signal is if low level signal, then shielded signal carries out "AND" with the reception signal after limited range enlargement
Operation.It is shielded by the lesser part of envelope leading portion amplitude to the reception signal after limited range enlargement, makes microprocessor only
Just starting to detect close at envelope peak swing, to substantially reduce influence of the interference signals such as noise to testing result, greatly
It is big to improve signal-to-noise ratio, it is ensured that the detection accuracy and interference free performance of sensor.
Further, supersonic gas body sensor above-mentioned, wherein by using the electricity for making two electrode of ultrasonic transducer
It puts down while replacing the method for switching to motivate ultrasonic transducer to issue ultrasonic signal.It in actual operation, can be by mentioning
The voltage value of praetersonic transducer drive signal keeps transmission power bigger；Can also use makes two electrode of ultrasonic transducer
Level alternately the method for switching improves the emissive porwer of ultrasonic wave simultaneously；The combination etc. of above-mentioned two kinds of methods can also be used
Form improves the emissive porwer of ultrasonic wave.
In conventional ultrasonic transducer driving method, an electrode in two electrode of ultrasonic transducer connects always
To low level, and another electrode then alternately add low and high level pulse, with this come drive ultrasonic transducer emit ultrasonic wave.
And the method that two electrode levels of ultrasonic transducer of the present invention alternately switch simultaneously, then it is in each driving signal period
Preceding half cycle, first electrode add high level, and second electrode adds low level；And it is later half in each driving signal period
Week, first electrode are switched to low level, and second electrode is switched to high level.In this manner, using same driving
Level, ultrasonic transducer can launch stronger ultrasonic wave.
Further, supersonic gas body sensor above-mentioned, wherein be additionally provided with the temperature to detect under test gas temperature
Sensor is spent, temperature sensor is arranged in the groove on hollow pipe internal chamber wall or is arranged in blow vent, temperature sensor
It is connected to microprocessor, microprocessor can correct results of measuring according to the temperature data of temperature sensor.
Further, supersonic gas body sensor above-mentioned, wherein when being provided with two loudspeaker bodies on hollow pipe,
Two blow vents are separately positioned on two loudspeaker on hollow pipe physically.
Further, supersonic gas body sensor above-mentioned, wherein Large Diameter Pipeline section and small diameter tube section in hollow pipe are
Cylindrical shape, the loudspeaker body are round estrade shape.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: using technical solutions according to the invention, it can be by supersonic gas body sensor
Flow zero point accuracy is increased to ± 2 ~ 10 ml/mins from ± 100 ~ 200 current ml/mins, so as to by supersonic gas
The detection of gas flow rate range of body sensor is expanded to the ultra-low quantity of flow field that flow is 50 ~ 200 ml/mins.Due to ultrasound
Wave gas sensor is originally just with precision is high, the service life is long, stability is good, be swift in response, detection cycle is short, can measure gas simultaneously
The advantages that size and direction of bulk concentration and gas flow, the ultra-low quantity of flow detectability newly expanded will allow ultrasonic gas to sense
Device is more widely used in fields such as medical treatment, industry, scientific researches.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic diagram of supersonic gas body sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the signal waveform schematic diagram being related in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Technical solutions according to the invention are further described with preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing, but the present invention
It is not limited in embodiment below.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, supersonic gas body sensor of the present invention, comprising: one to accommodate under test gas
Closed gas chamber 5, the gas chamber 5 include a hollow pipe 1 closed at both ends, close to 1 both ends of hollow pipe side wall on point
It is not provided with a blow vent, i.e. the first blow vent 141 and the second blow vent 142, in actual operation, can according to need makes
Under test gas enters gas chamber 5 from the first blow vent 141, and flows out gas chamber 5 from the second blow vent 142, likewise, under test gas
Gas chamber 5 can be entered from the second blow vent 142, and flow out gas chamber 5, the first ultrasonic transducer 21 and the from the first blow vent 141
Two ultrasonic transducers 22 are separately mounted to the both ends of gas chamber 5 with the distance of setting, and 1 both ends of hollow pipe are respectively formed Large Diameter Pipeline section
To install ultrasonic transducer, it may be assumed that the left end of hollow pipe 1 is equipped with the left Large Diameter Pipeline to install the first ultrasonic transducer 21
Section 121, right end are equipped with the right Large Diameter Pipeline section 122 to install the second ultrasonic transducer 22, the caliber of 1 middle section of hollow pipe
Then it is less than the Large Diameter Pipeline section at both ends and forms small diameter tube section 11, further includes a gasmetry control system, the gasmetry
Control system includes: to be respectively coupled to the first ultrasonic transducer 21 and the second ultrasonic transducer 22 and energy selective excitation one
Ultrasonic transducer issues the switching switching network 3 of ultrasonic wave and another ultrasonic transducer reception ultrasonic wave, and one is connected to
The microprocessor 7 for switching switching network 3 is connected to the transmit circuit 8 of switching switching network 3 and microprocessor 7 and receives processing electricity
Road 6；Microprocessor 7 is by transmit circuit 8 and switches excitation the first ultrasonic transducer 21 sending given frequency of switching network 3
First sound wave of multiple-pulse, the first sound wave pass through the under test gas in gas chamber 5 and form standing wave, the second ultrasonic wave in gas chamber 5
Energy converter 22 then receives first acoustic signals, and it is first when propagating that time for being received is emitted to since the first sound wave
Between；Then, wait the first sound wave in gas chamber 5 after damped oscillation disappearance, microprocessor 7 passes through transmit circuit 8 and switching
Switching network 3 motivates the second sound wave of the second ultrasonic transducer 22 sending same umber of pulse of frequency same as the first sound wave, the
Two sound waves pass through the under test gas in gas chamber 5 and form standing wave in gas chamber 5, the first ultrasonic transducer 21 then receive this
Two acoustic signals, it was the second propagation time that the time being received is emitted to since the second sound wave；Microprocessor 7 is passed according to first
Between sowing time and flow and/or under test gas of second propagation time to calculate gas in gas composition content；First ultrasound
It is straight that the equivalent cross-sectional area of pipeline between wave transducer 21 and the second ultrasonic transducer 22, which is not more than with the first wave length of sound,
The a quarter of the area of a circle of diameter；Also, when small diameter tube section cross-sectional area is not more than the transmitting terminal area of ultrasonic transducer
When a quarter, the Large Diameter Pipeline section at hollow pipe both ends passes through the tubule that a loudspeaker body is smoothly transitted among hollow pipe respectively
Diameter section, it may be assumed that left Large Diameter Pipeline section 121 is smoothly transitted into the left end of the small diameter tube section 11 of hollow pipe by a left horn body 131,
Right Large Diameter Pipeline section 122 is smoothly transitted into the right end of the small diameter tube section 11 of hollow pipe by a right horn body 132.Also, two
A blow vent is separately positioned on two loudspeaker on hollow pipe physically, and in the present embodiment, the first blow vent 141 is arranged in left loudspeaker
On body 131, the second blow vent 142 is arranged on right horn body 132.The driving of above-mentioned the first sound wave and the second sound wave
Pulse as shown in the A waveform in Fig. 2, the envelope waveform of above-mentioned standing wave signal referring to fig. 2 in B waveform shown in.In the present embodiment,
Large Diameter Pipeline section and small diameter tube section in hollow pipe are cylindrical shape, it may be assumed that left Large Diameter Pipeline section 121 and right Large Diameter Pipeline section 122, with
And small diameter tube section 11 is cylindrical shape, the loudspeaker body is round estrade shape, it may be assumed that left horn body 131 and right loudspeaker
Body 132 is round estrade shape.
In actual operation, as traditional supersonic gas body sensor, when the indoor under test gas of gas does not flow,
Microprocessor can calculate the average molecular weight of under test gas using the first propagation time or the second propagation time, if gas to be measured
Body is binary mixture, can also further calculate the content (concentration of i.e. each gas) of each gas under test gas.Work as gas
When indoor under test gas is flowed with certain speed to a direction, microprocessor can then be propagated using measured first
Time and the second propagation time calculate time difference between the two, the size of a pacing of going forward side by side calculating under test gas flow,
Direction of the traffic equally can also further calculate the content of each gas under test gas if under test gas is binary mixture
(concentration of i.e. each gas).
In the present embodiment, receiving processing circuit 6 carries out limited range enlargement to the signal received, and with a shielded signal and passes through
Reception signal after crossing limited range enlargement carries out "or" or AND operation, to mask the small amplitude components received in signal envelope,
To detect to receive the arrival time of the pulse of large amplitude part in signal envelope.Preferably, the reception signal envelope
In small amplitude components be at least below receive signal envelope peak-peak 60% part.Reception after above-mentioned limited range enlargement
Signal referring to fig. 2 in C waveform shown in, above-mentioned shielded signal referring to fig. 2 in D waveform shown in, what microprocessor 7 received
Reception signal after shielding referring to fig. 2 in E waveform shown in.
In the present embodiment, shielded signal uses high level pulse signal, and shielded signal is super with excitation ultrasonic transducer
Acoustic signals are synchronous to be issued, at the beginning of the dotted line in Fig. 2 indicates transmitting driving；Reception after shielded signal and limited range enlargement
Signal carries out inclusive-OR operation, and shielded signal masks the small amplitude components received in signal envelope leading portion.The small amplitude portion
It is divided into the part at least below reception signal envelope peak-peak 60%, can will be less than in practical operation and receive signal envelope maximum
The envelope front section of peak value 80% is all shielded.It is smaller by the envelope leading portion amplitude to the reception signal after limited range enlargement
Part shielded, make microprocessor 7 only just start to detect close at the peak swing of envelope middle section, make an uproar to substantially reduce
Influence of the interference signals such as sound to testing result, greatly improves signal-to-noise ratio, it is ensured that the detection accuracy and anti-interference of sensor.
The small amplitude components received in signal envelope are masked due to being provided with shielded signal, 7 institute of microprocessor
Detect receive signal envelope in large amplitude part pulse arrival time and ultrasonic signal the actual propagation time it
Between can have a constant time lag, it may be assumed that the propagation time detected by microprocessor 7 be one have constant time lag propagation when
Between.When due to ultrasonic gas transducer calibration, the distance between two ultrasonic transducers, gas temperature and gas point
Son amount be all it is determining, therefore the actual propagation time also can calculate determination.The arteries and veins occurred after specified shielded signal in calibration
Some pulse in group is rushed as the pulse that will be detected, then the constant time lag of the arrival time of this pulse and actual propagation time
Just it is determined.When actually detected, above-mentioned constant time lag is subtracted with the arrival time of this pulse, has just obtained ultrasonic signal
The actual propagation time.
In the present embodiment, for the emissive porwer for improving ultrasonic signal, by using making two electrode of ultrasonic transducer
Level replaces the method for switching simultaneously to motivate ultrasonic transducer to issue ultrasonic signal.In actual operation, can also lead to
The voltage value for improving ultrasonic transducer driving signal is crossed, keeps transmission power bigger；The group of above-mentioned two kinds of methods can also be used
The forms such as close to improve the emissive porwer of ultrasonic wave.
In the present embodiment, it is contemplated that temperature can have an impact the spread speed of ultrasonic wave, therefore in order to improve measurement essence
Degree, is additionally provided with the temperature sensor 4 to detect under test gas temperature, temperature sensor 4 can be set in 1 inner cavity of hollow pipe
In groove on wall or it is arranged in any one blow vent, temperature sensor 4 is connected to microprocessor 7, and microprocessor 7 can basis
The temperature data of temperature sensor 4 corrects results of measuring.
In actual fabrication, preferably temperature sensor 4 is mounted in any one blow vent.Using this set side
Formula helps to shorten the spacing between two ultrasonic transducers, and then reduces the size of entire gas sensor.
By using above-mentioned technical solution, the present invention can be by the flow zero point accuracy of supersonic gas body sensor from current
± 100 ~ 200 ml/mins be increased to ± 2 ~ 10 ml/mins, and the gas flow of supersonic gas body sensor can be examined
It surveys range and is expanded to the ultra-low quantity of flow field that flow is 50 ~ 200 ml/mins.
Claims (9)
1. supersonic gas body sensor, comprising: a closed gas chamber to accommodate under test gas, the gas chamber include one
Hollow pipe closed at both ends, hollow pipe both ends are respectively formed Large Diameter Pipeline section to install ultrasonic transducer, hollow pipe middle part
The caliber divided is then less than the Large Diameter Pipeline section at both ends and forms small diameter tube section, the first ultrasonic transducer and the second ultrasonic transducer
It is separately mounted to the both ends of gas chamber with the distance of setting, is respectively arranged with a ventilation on the side wall close to hollow pipe both ends
Mouthful, under test gas can enter gas chamber from a blow vent, and flow out gas chamber from another blow vent；It further include a gasmetry
Control system, the gasmetry control system include: to be respectively coupled to two ultrasonic transducers and energy selective excitation one
Ultrasonic transducer issues the switching switching network of ultrasonic wave and another ultrasonic transducer reception ultrasonic wave, and one is connected to
The microprocessor for switching switching network is connected to the transmit circuit and receiving processing circuit of switching switching network and microprocessor；It is micro-
Processor motivates the first sound wave of the first ultrasonic transducer sending given frequency by transmit circuit and switching switching network, the
One sound wave passes through the indoor under test gas of gas, and the second ultrasonic transducer then receives first acoustic signals, from the first sound wave
Starting to be emitted to the time being received was the first propagation time；Then, the first sound wave is waited to disappear in gas chamber by damped oscillation
After, microprocessor motivates the sending of the second ultrasonic transducer same as the first sound wave by transmit circuit and switching switching network
Second sound wave of the same umber of pulse of frequency, the second sound wave pass through the indoor under test gas of gas, and the first ultrasonic transducer then receives
To the second acoustic wave signal, it was the second propagation time that the time being received is emitted to since the second sound wave；Microprocessor according to
The content of gas composition in the flow and/or under test gas of first propagation time and the second propagation time to calculate gas；Its
Be characterized in that: first sound wave and the second sound wave is multiple-pulse sound wave, and the first sound wave and the second sound wave are passing through
Standing wave can be formed when gas chamber in gas chamber respectively；The equivalent cross-sectional area of pipeline between two ultrasonic transducers is not more than with the
One wave length of sound is a quarter of the area of a circle of diameter；Also, when small diameter tube section cross-sectional area is not more than ultrasonic transducer
Transmitting terminal area a quarter when, the Large Diameter Pipeline section at hollow pipe both ends passes through a loudspeaker body respectively and is smoothly transitted into sky
Small diameter tube section among heart pipe；The inner surface of loudspeaker body is the inner surface of energy reflected acoustic wave.
2. supersonic gas body sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: receiving processing circuit is to the letter received
Number limited range enlargement is carried out, and carries out "or" or AND operation with reception signal after limited range enlargement with a shielded signal, screen
The small amplitude components received in signal envelope can be masked by covering signal, to detect to receive large amplitude part in signal envelope
The arrival time of pulse.
3. supersonic gas body sensor according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described receiving is small in signal envelope
Amplitude components are at least below the part for receiving signal envelope peak-peak 60%.
4. supersonic gas body sensor according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: shielded signal is believed if high level pulse
Number, then shielded signal carries out inclusive-OR operation with the reception signal after limited range enlargement；Shielded signal is if low level pulse signal, then
Reception signal after shielded signal and limited range enlargement carries out AND operation.
5. supersonic gas body sensor according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: by using making ultrasonic wave transducer
The level of two electrode of device replaces the method for switching simultaneously to motivate ultrasonic transducer to issue ultrasonic signal.
6. supersonic gas body sensor according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: be additionally provided with to detect under test gas
The temperature sensor of temperature, temperature sensor are arranged in the groove on hollow pipe internal chamber wall or are arranged in blow vent, temperature
Degree sensor is connected to microprocessor, and microprocessor can correct results of measuring according to the temperature data of temperature sensor.
7. supersonic gas body sensor according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: be additionally provided with to be measured to detect
The temperature sensor of gas temperature, temperature sensor are arranged in the groove on hollow pipe internal chamber wall or are arranged in blow vent
In, temperature sensor is connected to microprocessor, and microprocessor can correct results of measuring according to the temperature data of temperature sensor.
8. supersonic gas body sensor according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: when being provided with two on hollow pipe
When loudspeaker body, two blow vents are separately positioned on two loudspeaker on hollow pipe physically.
9. supersonic gas body sensor according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: Large Diameter Pipeline section in hollow pipe and
Small diameter tube section is cylindrical shape, and the loudspeaker body is round estrade shape.
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| US10567866B1 (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2020-02-18 | xMEMS Labs, Inc. | Sound producing device and valve |
| CN109187738A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-11 | 江苏久创电气科技有限公司 | A kind of sulfur hexafluoride gas detection device based on ultrasonic wave principle |
| CN110216110A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-10 | 青岛贝索科技有限公司 | A kind of method and device that ultrasonic wave prevents electrical desalter greasy filth from depositing |
| CN110988115A (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-10 | 湖北锐意自控系统有限公司 | Ultrasonic gas sensor |
| CN113188616A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-07-30 | 上海握芯科技有限公司 | Gas component detection method for natural gas ultrasonic flowmeter |
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