CN106248038A - The method that inclination angle, surface, landslide is converted into displacement - Google Patents
The method that inclination angle, surface, landslide is converted into displacement Download PDFInfo
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- CN106248038A CN106248038A CN201610679872.4A CN201610679872A CN106248038A CN 106248038 A CN106248038 A CN 106248038A CN 201610679872 A CN201610679872 A CN 201610679872A CN 106248038 A CN106248038 A CN 106248038A
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- landslide
- displacement
- inclination angle
- monitoring
- data
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/22—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that inclination angle, surface of coming down is converted into displacement, it relates to a kind of landslide monitoring early warning technology.Topographic and geologic condition according to typical landslide disaster, based on landslide model in situ experiment and monitoring measured data, by the relation between angle of inclination, earth's surface during the destroying for times of rainfall simulation slope and actual displacement amount, the method that inclination angle is converted into surface displacement is proposed, and combine concrete Monitoring Data, it is monitored information feedback in time, conversion formula is tested and revises, finally providing a kind of method that inclinometer inclination angle, earth's surface of coming down is converted into displacement.The present invention is by setting up the relation between inclination angle, earth's surface, landslide and displacement, give angle of inclination and be converted into displacement empirical equation, compensate for the deficiency of relation understanding between the inclination angle to the monitoring of earth's surface, landslide and landslide actual displacement, provide science guarantee for Geological Hazards Monitoring comprehensive pre-warning technology decision-making.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method how landslide monitoring instrument and equipment quantifies, be specifically related to landslide disaster comprehensive
The method of monitoring and warning.
Background technology
At present, Landslide Deformation mostly uses displacement monitoring, applies relatively broad, specifically includes that 1.. greatly precision measurement
(total powerstation, level gauge, theodolite), it can observe the absolute displacement amount of slip mass, and certainty of measurement and efficiency are the highest, it is adaptable to
The landslide displacement monitoring in different distortion stage；But in the case of orographic condition (sighting condition) and meteorological condition are restricted, survey
Amount workload is big, and the cycle is long, and automaticity is low.2. .GPS monitoring method, simple to operation, have round-the-clock, in high precision, entirely
The advantage such as automatically；But certainty of measurement is low, it is not suitable for the monitoring of Landslide Deformation initial stage, and in alpine region, satellite-signal is easily hidden
Gear, when multipath effect is more serious, has certain impact, additionally, GPS is expensive, popularization and application to measurement result
Difficulty is big.3. .BOTDR monitoring method, certainty of measurement is high, and the suitability is strong, and real-time stability is good；But expensive, field operation
Difference, maintenance difficulties is big, and easily pulls apart, it is difficult to for landslide monitoring middle and late stage.4. the eyes with non-contact method such as .INSAR, obtains quantity big,
Precision is high, obtains data fast；But data difficult treatment, big by environmental impact factors such as vegetation, soil, water content, and data are difficult
To process, the suitability is poor.5.. joint measurement method, put into fast, precision is high, and method Simple visual, data is reliable；But there is instrument peace
Dress difficulty, and it is not suitable for Landslide Deformation middle and late stage.And inclination angle monitoring of coming down is high as a kind of precision, easily installation, low price,
Automaticity is high, it is adaptable to the novel earth's surface monitoring method in each stage of Landslide Deformation is gradually approved by people.But, so far
Till its use and method for early warning also explore in the middle of.
Inventor has applied for utility model patent (patent No.: ZL 2,012 2 0266093.9) in June, 2012, and
Promoted at 1 ten landslide, place (mud-rock flow source area) Geological Hazards Monitoring points and applied.But having built up and building
In vertical all kinds of monitoring and warning systems, all there is the problem how using earth's surface inclinometer, how will actual measurement angle of inclination, earth's surface
It is converted into measuring point displacement.But the most well solve this problem.Owing to slip mass Mechanism of Deformation And Failure is multiple
Miscellaneous, triggering factors is a lot, and monitoring angle of inclination, monitoring point data and this gradient, domatic, Rock And Soil parameter, terrain environment etc.
Factor is correlated with, and is not provided with the most again displacement meter at monitoring point.Therefore, real by landslide model in situ experimental data and monitoring
Time the method that combines of feedback data to determine that inclination angle, surface, landslide is converted into displacement be the side being easier break-through skill difficult point
Case.
At present, Landslide Deformation mostly uses displacement monitoring, applies relatively broad, and inclination angle monitoring of coming down is as a kind of precision
High, easily installation, low price, novel earth's surface monitoring method that automaticity is high are gradually approved by people.But, up to now
It uses and method for early warning is also in the middle of exploring.
Summary of the invention
For not enough present on prior art, the present invention seeks to be to provide inclination angle, surface, a kind of landslide to be converted into
The method of displacement, according to the topographic and geologic condition of typical landslide disaster, tests with the model in situ that comes down and monitoring measured data is
Basis, by the relation between angle of inclination, earth's surface during the destroying for times of rainfall simulation slope and actual displacement amount, proposes to incline
Oblique angle is converted into the new method of surface displacement, and combines concrete Monitoring Data, is monitored information feedback in time, to converting public affairs
Formula is tested and revises, and finally provides a kind of inclinometer inclination angle, earth's surface of coming down and is converted into the simple and easy method of displacement.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is to realize by the following technical solutions:
Inclination angle, surface, the landslide method that is converted into displacement, it comprises the following steps:
(1) to having reconnoitred and geologic information statistical analysis, displacement data when destroying including landslide, inclination and distortion number
According to, Landslide Deformation is destroyed front and back position form, is destroyed the aspect moneys such as accumulation scope, slump process and Rock And Soil physical and mechanical parameter
Material；
(2) combine typical landslide field monitoring data, set up the relation between landslide seepage flow change and structure, analyze deformation
Feature and formation mechanism of disaster.
(3) for the deficiency of Monitoring Data, the method utilizing monitoring point model in situ experiment, to rain making situation declivity
The deformation & damage system on slope is simulated experimental study, and combines field monitoring equipment data with existing and tentatively set up surface, landslide and incline
Relation between oblique angle and displacement；
(4) by field monitoring real time data and numerical simulation, it is monitored information feedback in time, surface, landslide is tilted
Relation between angle and displacement is tested and revises, and finally provides the simple of a kind of come down inclinometer inclination angle, earth's surface and displacement
Formula.
Wherein, Monitoring Data and model-test data are comprehensively analyzed in (4) by step, and with measured data and numerical value
Simulation is modified, and sets up expression formula and is:
Δ E=α ds·sin(Δx)
In formula: measuring point surface displacement amount when Δ E occurs for landslide；
α is correction factor, relevant, by experiment and actual measurement number to the gradient, domatic, Rock And Soil parameter, terrain environment factor
According to being fitted；
dsFor earth's surface inclinometer rod member embedded depth；
Angle of inclination, earth's surface when Δ x occurs for landslide.
The relation quantified between inclination angle, surface, landslide and displacement in step (3), so that it is determined that correction factor α.
The method that the inclination angle, surface, landslide that the present invention provides is converted into displacement, by setting up inclination angle, earth's surface, landslide and position
Relation between shifting, gives angle of inclination and is converted into displacement empirical equation, compensate for landslide earth's surface monitoring inclination angle with
The deficiency of relation understanding between the actual displacement of landslide, forms the basic subject by earth's surface inclinometer monitoring landslide disaster study of warning
Theory, provides science guarantee for Geological Hazards Monitoring comprehensive pre-warning technology decision-making.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with detailed description of the invention；
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 be the present invention example in earth's surface inclinometer variation diagram；
Fig. 3 be the present invention example in surface displacement amount variation diagram；
Earth's surface inclinometer and the graph of a relation of displacement in the example of Fig. 4 present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
For the technological means making the present invention realize, creation characteristic, reach purpose and be easy to understand with effect, below in conjunction with
Detailed description of the invention, is expanded on further the present invention.
The test site chosen is positioned at the natural slope that slip mass is anterior, the long 4m in test site, wide 1.5m.Touched by gravity
Experimental section region Rock And Soil is measured by trial and error test, and Simple gravity sounding device uses the cylinder of 5kg, by height
The freely falling body of 50cm falls, and the number of times touching soil body degree of depth 10cm represents.Show according to feeler inspection result, overwhelming majority feeler inspection
Number of times, within ten times, illustrates that sloping inner is loosely organized, respective location number of times more than 30 times even up to 50 times, and local is described
There is boulder in place.
Test result according to cone penetration test and rock mechanical parameter shows, test slope is loose material landslide deposit,
Thickness is big, reaches 17-30m, and material composition is predominantly containing more rubble and the silty clay of charges, wherein clay content
Few, the gravel grains of sand and flour sand, structure is the loosest, and water penetration is strong, meets the Earthquake-landslide in hard rock area, the slopes of shattering such as igneous rock
Ground and the general features of unstable slope, have certain representativeness.
The experimental provision that detailed description of the invention uses mainly includes four parts:
(1) artificial rain system
This tests used Norton VeeJet80100 type nozzle-type artificially-simulated rainfall machine, for nozzle-type
The ultimate principle of artificially-simulated rainfall machine is to be sprayed against out, then uses certain broken stream measure, is broken by the current of ejection
It is broken into and has certain similarity for different size of raindrop, these raindrop and natural rainfall, and for spraying the broken side of current
Formula is divided into again has stream breaker and without stream breaker two kinds.Norton VeeJet80100 type artificially-simulated rainfall machine is that four shower nozzles are without broken
Stream template slot type artificially-simulated rainfall machine, this machine is the main of country of Purdue Univ-West Lafayette USA Soil erosion laboratory (NSERL)
Rainfall equipment, and through earth's surface collecting system mainly by afflux community, flow blocking baffle plate, repeatedly improve, its performance is more preferable, runs more
Add stable.
(2) earth's surface collecting system
Rainwash community is mainly by natural slope, afflux baffle plate and afflux groove composition.The long 4m in whole runoff plots, wide
1.5m, slope material consists of gravelly soil；Runoff plots is separated by stainless steel separator, and the long 2m of dividing plate, wide 30cm, runoff is little
It is that embedded afflux groove is set at the toe of slope below district, afflux flute length 80cm, wide 15cm, outlet water pipe caliber 3cm, and with
Capacity is that the graduated cylinder of 5L is connected, and is used for measuring rainwash.
(3) shooting record system
Shooting record system is mainly made up of 2 ccd video cameras and round-the-clock monitoring system.
Video camera uses resolution to be 1024*768 pixel, 30 frames/second, and image uses SD card record, is respectively placed in examination
Test front on the left of the dead ahead in district and slope, in order to observe whole process of the test.Round-the-clock monitoring system is mainly taken the photograph by monitoring
As head, image collection instrument and display composition, can the round-the-clock whole test of real-time monitoring and work process.
(4) earth's surface monitoring system
Ground displacement system is mainly made up of dipmeter earth's surface dipmeter, pantograph and color jade.
The parameter of detailed description of the invention measures and analyzes:
1. the physical and mechanical parameter of model
Use the method for gravity feeler inspection and geotechnical centrifuge model to typical landslide body and the natural moisture content of landslide slip, close
The amount of carrying out such as degree, severe (natural, saturated), void ratio, plastic limit, liquid limit, cohesive strength, internal friction angle, elastic modelling quantity, Poisson's ratio
Survey.By the method for varying head test, the Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity of the soil body is measured.
2. rainfall
Use Full-automatic rain gauge, the rainfall in process of the test is monitored in real time, and can be near by wireless realization
Distance shows, manually puts number and equipment configuration.
3. displacement
Method one: with the variable quantity at slope surface inclination angle in earth's surface dipmeter survey measuring point destructive process；Method two: use
Pantograph monitoring slope surface displacement variable quantity.Test result such as Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
4. data processing
Experimental data is arranged, displacement when landslide is destroyed under condition of raining and angle of inclination, earth's surface are united
Meter is analyzed, and in conjunction with field typical landslide monitoring materials data, discloses the relation between surface displacement and inclination angle, earth's surface, tentatively builds
The method that inclination angle, surface, vertical landslide is converted into displacement, and be modified by measured data and numerical simulation, setting up expression formula is,
The correction formula of this example, as shown in Figure 4:
Δ E=1.1 ds·sin(Δx)。
The test method of this detailed description of the invention is as shown in Figure 1: model test, with typical landslide as prototype, carries out rainfall bar
Come down under part process of deformation and failure layer during similar model test, discloses typical case's rain-induced landslide level of ground water, pore water pressure and slope body
Dynamic rule between surface volume water content and rainfall, sets up landslide seepage flow hydrological model, in conjunction with field inspection number
According to setting up typical case's rainfall landslide critical excitation approaches.
Claims (3)
1. the method that inclination angle, surface, landslide is converted into displacement, it is characterised in that it comprises the following steps:
(1) to having reconnoitred and geologic information statistical analysis, displacement data when destroying including landslide, inclination and distortion data, sliding
Slope deformation failure front and back position form, destruction accumulation scope, slump process and Rock And Soil physical mechanics data；
(2) combine typical landslide field monitoring data, set up the relation between landslide seepage flow change and structure, analyze deformation characteristics
And formation mechanism of disaster；
(3) for the deficiency of Monitoring Data, the method utilizing monitoring point model in situ experiment, to slope in the case of rain making
Deformation & damage system be simulated experimental study, and combine field monitoring equipment data with existing tentatively set up landslide inclination angle, surface
And the relation between displacement；
(4) by field monitoring real time data and numerical simulation, be monitored information feedback in time, to inclination angle, surface, landslide with
Relation between displacement is tested and revises, and finally provides a kind of inclinometer inclination angle, earth's surface simple public affairs with displacement that come down
Formula.
The method that inclination angle, surface, landslide the most according to claim 1 is converted into displacement, it is characterised in that described step
(4) in, Monitoring Data and model-test data are comprehensively analyzed, and be modified by measured data and numerical simulation, set up
Expression formula is:
Δ E=α ds·sin(Δx)
In formula: measuring point surface displacement amount when Δ E occurs for landslide；
α is correction factor, relevant to the gradient, domatic, Rock And Soil parameter, terrain environment factor, is entered by experiment and measured data
Row matching；
dsFor earth's surface inclinometer rod member embedded depth；
Angle of inclination, earth's surface when Δ x occurs for landslide.
The method that inclination angle, surface, landslide the most according to claim 1 is converted into displacement, it is characterised in that described step
(3) relation quantified between inclination angle, surface, landslide and displacement in, so that it is determined that correction factor α.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610679872.4A CN106248038B (en) | 2016-08-17 | 2016-08-17 | The method that landslide surface inclination angle is converted into displacement |
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| CN201610679872.4A CN106248038B (en) | 2016-08-17 | 2016-08-17 | The method that landslide surface inclination angle is converted into displacement |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN107066771A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-08-18 | 成都理工大学 | A kind of flat push type landslide move distance computational methods and application |
| CN108802727A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-11-13 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of sequential InSAR highway deformation monitoring models and calculation method for taking rheological parameter into account |
| CN110346537A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-10-18 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | The method of potential rock landslip is determined based on grand liter of plot of construction and landforms bossy body |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107066771A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-08-18 | 成都理工大学 | A kind of flat push type landslide move distance computational methods and application |
| CN108802727A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-11-13 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of sequential InSAR highway deformation monitoring models and calculation method for taking rheological parameter into account |
| CN110346537A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-10-18 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | The method of potential rock landslip is determined based on grand liter of plot of construction and landforms bossy body |
| CN110346537B (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2021-11-05 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Method for judging potential rock landslide based on construction uplift land block and landform bulge |
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| CN106248038B (en) | 2018-11-30 |
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