CN106237977A - 用于深度处理炼油废水的改性粉煤灰的制备及使用 - Google Patents

用于深度处理炼油废水的改性粉煤灰的制备及使用 Download PDF

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CN106237977A
CN106237977A CN201610695675.1A CN201610695675A CN106237977A CN 106237977 A CN106237977 A CN 106237977A CN 201610695675 A CN201610695675 A CN 201610695675A CN 106237977 A CN106237977 A CN 106237977A
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张佳成
郭军科
甘智勇
刘国臣
姜国飞
郭锐
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State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于深度处理炼油废水的改性粉煤灰的制备，包括步骤：(1)改性剂的组成，1g粉煤灰为基准，加入改性剂的各组份构成为：氯化钠：0.05g，浓度为2mol/L硫酸：0.5ml，浓度为4mol/L盐酸：0.5ml；(2)粉煤灰改性，混合粉煤灰与上述改性剂常温下混合搅拌后，过滤、冲洗、干燥及研磨制得酸改性粉煤灰，上述改性粉煤灰的使用方法为：将上述制备得到的改性粉煤灰以每100ml废水：10g改性粉煤灰的比例加入到将处理的废水中，搅拌吸附45分钟至60分钟。本发明大大提高了粉煤灰的吸附能力，达到了以废治废的目的，成本低廉，土地的占用，环保、经济。

Description

用于深度处理炼油废水的改性粉煤灰的制备及使用
技术领域
本发明属于含油废水处理技术领域，特别是一种用于深度处理炼油废水的改性粉煤灰的制备及使用。
背景技术
石油炼制行业的含油废水处理大多采用“隔油、浮选、生化”的老三套处理工艺，为提高其出水的达标率，多会采用活性炭吸附—过滤的深度处理工艺，但该方法投入大，成本高，很多企业都无法承受。
粉煤灰是我国当前排量较大的工业废渣之一，现阶段我国年排渣量已达3000万t。粉煤灰的处理和利用问题引起人们广泛的注意,逐渐关注起这种放错地方的资源。粉煤灰富含以活性氧化物SiO2和Al2O3为主的玻璃微珠，以及少量金属氧化物和未燃尽的炭，比表面积大，微孔结构多，具有较强的吸附能力。利用粉煤灰深度处理废水不仅能够节约成本，更能达到以废治废的目的。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的不足，而提出一种用于深度处理炼油废水的改性粉煤灰的制备及使用。
本发明解决其技术问题是采取以下技术方案实现的：
一种用于深度处理炼油废水的改性粉煤灰的制备，包括步骤如下：
(1)改性剂的组成，以1g粉煤灰为基准，加入改性剂的各组份构成如下：
氯化钠： 0.05g
浓度为2mol/L硫酸： 0.5ml
浓度为4mol/L盐酸： 0.5ml；
(2)粉煤灰改性，混合粉煤灰与上述改性剂，常温下混合搅拌30分钟后，过滤，用去离子水反复冲洗后，120℃下进行充分电热干燥，研磨制得酸改性粉煤灰。
一种上述用于深度处理炼油废水的改性粉煤灰的使用方法，该使用方法为：将上述制备得到的改性粉煤灰，以每100ml废水：10g改性粉煤灰的比例加入到将要处理的废水中，搅拌吸附45分钟至60分钟。
本发明的优点和积极效果是：
1、本发明以粉煤灰为原料，采用粉煤灰为吸附剂，通过碱性、酸性、表面活性剂、偶联剂、阳离子等改性，研究pH、剂水比、ss、金属离子等因素对吸附效能的影响，大大提高了粉煤灰的吸附能力，达到了以废治废的目的。
2、本发明所使用的粉煤灰成本低廉，使用过程中不需考虑其复性问题，还可用于建筑材料等，减少了对于土地的占用，环保、经济。
附图说明
图1是本发明方法处理的Langmuir等温式线性关系验证图；
图2是本发明方法处理的Freundlich等温式线性关系验证图。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明实施例做进一步详述：需要强调的是，本发明所述的实施例是说明性的，而不是限定性的，因此本发明并不限于具体实施方式中所述的实施例，凡是由本领域技术人员根据本发明的技术方案得出的其它实施方式，同样属于本发明保护的范围。
一种用于深度处理炼油废水的改性粉煤灰的制备，包括步骤如下：
(1)改性剂的组成，以1g粉煤灰为基准，改性剂的各组份构成如下：
氯化钠： 0.05g
浓度为2mol/L硫酸： 0.5ml
浓度为4mol/L盐酸： 0.5ml；
(2)粉煤灰改性，混合粉煤灰与上述改性剂室，常温下混合搅拌30分钟后，过滤，用去离子水反复冲洗后，120℃下进行充分电热干燥，研磨制得酸改性粉煤灰。
一种上述用于深度处理炼油废水的改性粉煤灰的使用方法，该方法为：
将上述制备得到的改性粉煤灰，以每100ml废水：10g改性粉煤灰的比例加入到将要处理的废水中，搅拌吸附45分钟至60分钟。
实例
筛选最适改性方法
粉煤灰中含有大量性能较稳定的二氧化硅和氧化铝等成分，其吸附性能不能更好的发挥，必须对其进行表面或结构的改性，使活性增强。通过增钙焙烧、碱液改性、硫酸改性、盐酸改性等不同改性条件下吸附效能的比较，筛选出了最适改性剂见表一：
表一：改性剂组成：(以1g粉煤灰为基准)
氯化钠 硫酸(2mol/L) 盐酸(4mol/L)
0.05g 0.5ml 0.5ml
注：(1)改性方法：混合粉煤灰与改性剂室温下混合搅拌30分钟后，过滤，用去离子水反复冲洗后，120℃下进行充分电热干燥，研磨制得酸改性粉煤灰；
(2)机理解释：盐酸配合硫酸双酸联合改性能够提高改性粉煤灰的吸附效能，且改性过程添加NaCl能助溶破坏粉煤灰中的Si-Al键，从而提高吸附效能。
利用所得最佳改性粉煤灰，进行吸附效能研究试验，设置吸附时间、投灰量等实验变量，通过正交试验得出最佳吸附条件为：最佳吸附时间为45分钟至60分钟，最适投灰量为每100ml废水10g左右，通过吸附平衡量的计算公式：
q = V ( C 0 - C e ) M = X M
式中：q——粉煤灰吸附量，即单位质量的吸附剂所吸附的物质质量，mg/g
V——污水体积，L
C0,Ce——分别为吸附前原水及吸附平衡时污水中的污染物浓度，mg/L
X——被吸附物质量，mg
M---粉煤灰投加量，g
表二：吸附等温线数据记录表
将平衡吸附量qe与相应的平衡浓度Ce作图，得吸附等温线。
以1/qe对1/Ce作图，如图1所示：
以lg qe对lg Ce作图，如图2所示：
计算吸附平衡量做出吸附平衡等温线，通过图表可得：利用粉煤灰的吸附性能处理生化后炼油废水是完全可行的。

Claims (2)

1.一种用于深度处理炼油废水的改性粉煤灰的制备，其特征在于包括步骤如下：
(1)改性剂的组成，以1g粉煤灰为基准，加入改性剂的各组份构成如下：
氯化钠： 0.05g
浓度为2mol/L硫酸： 0.5ml
浓度为4mol/L盐酸： 0.5ml；
(2)粉煤灰改性，混合粉煤灰与上述改性剂，常温下混合搅拌30分钟后，过滤，用去离子水反复冲洗后，120℃下进行充分电热干燥，研磨制得酸改性粉煤灰。
2.一种上述用于深度处理炼油废水的改性粉煤灰的使用方法，其特征在于该使用方法为：将上述制备得到的改性粉煤灰，以每100ml废水：10g改性粉煤灰的比例加入到将要处理的废水中，搅拌吸附45分钟至60分钟。
CN201610695675.1A 2016-08-18 2016-08-18 用于深度处理炼油废水的改性粉煤灰的制备及使用 Pending CN106237977A (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107376881A (zh) * 2017-08-16 2017-11-24 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 一种用于处理电厂废水的粉煤灰的改性及使用方法
CN108236936A (zh) * 2016-12-27 2018-07-03 海门市源美美术图案设计有限公司 一种三价铬吸附剂及其制备方法
CN108236915A (zh) * 2016-12-25 2018-07-03 海门市源美美术图案设计有限公司 一种改性粉煤灰及在去除废水中氨氮方面的应用

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108236915A (zh) * 2016-12-25 2018-07-03 海门市源美美术图案设计有限公司 一种改性粉煤灰及在去除废水中氨氮方面的应用
CN108236936A (zh) * 2016-12-27 2018-07-03 海门市源美美术图案设计有限公司 一种三价铬吸附剂及其制备方法
CN107376881A (zh) * 2017-08-16 2017-11-24 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 一种用于处理电厂废水的粉煤灰的改性及使用方法

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Application publication date: 20161221

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