CN106237827B - A kind of new calcium circulation decarbonization system of the secondary carbonisation of band and application - Google Patents

A kind of new calcium circulation decarbonization system of the secondary carbonisation of band and application Download PDF

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CN106237827B
CN106237827B CN201610738423.2A CN201610738423A CN106237827B CN 106237827 B CN106237827 B CN 106237827B CN 201610738423 A CN201610738423 A CN 201610738423A CN 106237827 B CN106237827 B CN 106237827B
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separator
gas
absorbent
solid
carbonizer
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CN106237827A (en
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段立强
冯涛
吕志鹏
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North China Electric Power University
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North China Electric Power University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/32—Direct CO2 mitigation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to carbon dioxide eliminating technical field, in particular to the new calcium circulation decarbonization system of a kind of secondary carbonisation of band and application.In the system, a carbonizer, the first gas-solid separator, secondary carbonizer, the second gas-solid separator, the first separator, calcinatory, third gas-solid separator, the second separator, third heat exchanger are sequentially connected；First separator is connected with second heat exchanger；Third gas-solid separator is connected with secondary carbonizer；Second separator, first heat exchanger, a carbonizer are sequentially connected；First heat exchanger, second heat exchanger, third heat exchanger are connected with calcinatory.

Description

A kind of new calcium circulation decarbonization system of the secondary carbonisation of band and application
Technical field
The invention belongs to carbon dioxide eliminating technical field, in particular to the new calcium of a kind of secondary carbonisation of band recycles Decarbonization system and application.
Background technique
The discharge of excess greenhouse gases causes a series of influence to natural ecosystems and human habitat.With The development of human society, Global Emissions of Greenhouse Gas amount are also increasing year by year, wherein CO2Account for greenhouse gas emission total amount 60%.Conventional fossil fuel power station is one of the CO2 emission source most concentrated in industrial production, therefore fossil-fuelled power plant Carbon emission reduction become research hotspot in recent years.
Carbon capture and storage (Carbon Capture and Storage, abbreviation CCS) technology can directly reduce power station CO2The 80-95% of discharge, theoretical Emission Reduction Potential are very big.Post-combustion capture technology is mainly for existing fossil fuel electricity The flue gas CO of factory2Ingredient carries out trapping recycling.This technical principle is simple, and adaptation range extensively compared with the former, and has very high catch Collect efficiency, it is best to the integration of existing fossil-fuelled power plant.Traditional CaO absorbs CO2Double-fluidized-bed calcium recycle carbon rejection processes (CaL), as the cycle progresses, the activity decline of absorbent is serious, and efficiency of carbon con version can become very low, need very big absorbent Internal circulating load and fresh absorbent magnitude of recruitment, thus system energy consumption is larger, efficiency is lower.
Summary of the invention
The invention proposes a kind of new calcium of the secondary carbonisation of band circulation decarbonization system and applications: following into decarburization The lime stone of ring carries out high temperature precalcining, and newly increases secondary carbonization decarbonizing process on the basis of primary carbonization, as much as possible Improve absorbent activity and efficiency of carbon con version；Whole high concentration COs is introduced in secondary carbonizer2Gas offer reaction heat, and Increasing multiple heat exchangers in system reduces pre- heat loss, greatly reduces system energy consumption, improves system effectiveness.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of new calcium circulation decarbonization system of the secondary carbonisation of band, wherein a carbonizer CAR, the first gas-solid point From device SP1, secondary carbonizer RECAR, the second gas-solid separator SP2, the first separator SP3, calcinatory CAL, third gas-solid point It is sequentially connected from device SP4, the second separator SP5, third heat exchanger X3；First separator SP3 and second heat exchanger X2 phase Even；Third gas-solid separator SP4 is connected with secondary carbonizer RECAR；Second separator SP5, first heat exchanger X1, a carbon Change device CAR to be sequentially connected；First heat exchanger X1, second heat exchanger X2, third heat exchanger X3 with calcinatory CAL phase Even.
The application of new calcium circulation decarbonization system as described above: the flue gas of coal fired power plant discharge flows into a carbonizer CAR is reacted with CaO absorbent, and reaction temperature is 650 DEG C, removes 85% CO2With 100% SO2Enter the first gas-solid afterwards Separator SP1；The generating plant flue gas isolated is poor CO2Generating plant flue gas (CO2Content can be returned less than 3%) into residual neat recovering system It is discharged after receiving waste heat；In the solid absorbent isolated, fraction solids react in a carbonizer CAR becomes CaCO3, remaining The high-temperature high concentration CO that part enters secondary carbonizer RECAR and extracts out from calcinatory CAL2It is anti-that gas carries out saturated carbon acidification It answers, reaction temperature is 750 DEG C；After saturated carbon acidification reaction, gas-solid mixture enters the second gas-solid separator SP2, therein solid Body absorbent subsequently enters the first separator SP3, absorbent (the predominantly CaCO of discharge part inactivation3, CaO and CaSO4)；The Remaining absorbent of one separator SP3 discharge, which enters in calcinatory CAL, to be calcined；CaCO in calcinatory CAL3Heated whole is decomposed into CaO generates the CO of high concentration2；High temperature CaO and CO2Mixture separates in third gas-solid separator SP4, the high temperature isolated CO2Stream enters the secondary carbonization that secondary carbonizer RECAR participates in absorbent, and ash is discharged in CaO efflux of solids in the second separator SP5 Slag.
Further, in the high CO of high temperature2(in 950 DEG C and 70% CO under conditions of concentration2Under concentration) to fresh limestone The precalcining for carrying out 12~24 hours obtains the CaO absorbent.Precalcining processing can make the physicochemical property of lime stone more steady It is fixed, this method with secondary calcium carbide recycle decarburization process combine can by the multiple circulation conversion rate of carbonization of CaO absorbent from 0.12 is increased to 0.37, and after up to a hundred circulations, the activity of CaO absorbent remains to stablize in this range.
Preferably, CaO efflux of solids after lime-ash is discharged in the second separator SP5 in First Heat Exchanger X1 with will be into The oxygen for entering calcinatory CAL carries out heat exchange, is again introduced into carbonizer CAR later.This method has recycled in system Heat in CaO absorbent, reduces the heat dissipation of carbonizer CAR, while reducing the energy consumption of calcinatory CAL.
Preferably, the lime-ash being discharged in the second separator SP5 exchanges heat with the coal dust that will enter calcinatory CAL in third Heat exchange is carried out in device X3, is discharged after recycling heat.It includes heat in lime-ash in system that this method, which takes full advantage of, is reduced The energy consumption of calcinatory CAL, improves the temperature of coal dust.
Preferably, the absorbent of the partial inactivation of discharge exchanges heat with the CaO absorbent that will enter calcinatory CAL second It exchanges heat in device X2, enters in calcinatory CAL with remaining absorbent of the first separator SP3 discharge calcine later.This method recycling The heat in the absorbent for including inactivation is utilized in system, reduces the energy consumption of calcinatory CAL.
Preferably, gas-solid mixture enters the second gas-solid separator SP2, unreacted high-temperature high concentration CO2Gas is through dividing Heat is recycled from the rear residual neat recovering system that enters.This method can use the heat inside decarbonization system, avoid because of secondary carbon Change the introducing of device RECAR and increase system energy consumption, to reduce the fuel consumption of calcinatory, improves system effectiveness.
The invention has the benefit that
The present invention increases secondary carbonisation on decarbonization system by recycling in traditional calcium, improves the circulation of calcium enhancer Activity and stability, in the case where identical carbon dioxide capture rate, with secondary carbonisation calcium circulation decarbonization system than tradition Calcium circulation decarbonization system reduces the internal circulating load of calcium enhancer and the magnitude of recruitment of fresh absorbent；Simultaneously according to the original of level-density parameter Heat exchanger is then set in systems, optimizes the heat distribution of system, has recycled the waste heat in system deslagging, has greatly reduced and forge The energy consumption of burner improves the efficiency of system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the new calcium of the secondary carbonisation of band of the present invention recycles decarbonization system flow diagram.
Figure label: carbonizer of CAR-, No. bis- carbonizers of RECAR-, CAL- calcinatory, the first gas solid separation of SP1- Device, the second gas-solid separator of SP2-, SP4- third gas-solid separator, the first separator of SP3-, the second separator of SP5-；X1- One heat exchanger, X2- second heat exchanger, X3- third heat exchanger, carbonizer of Qcar- discharge heat, Qrecar- bis- Secondary carbonizer discharges heat.
Specific embodiment
The invention proposes a kind of new calcium of the secondary carbonisation of band circulation decarbonization system and applications, below by attached drawing The invention will be further described with specific embodiment.
A kind of new calcium of the secondary carbonisation of band as shown in Figure 1 recycles decarbonization system, wherein a carbonizer CAR, First gas-solid separator SP1, secondary carbonizer RECAR, the second gas-solid separator SP2, the first separator SP3, calcinatory CAL, Third gas-solid separator SP4, the second separator SP5, third heat exchanger X3 are sequentially connected；The heat of first separator SP3 and second Exchanger X2 is connected；Third gas-solid separator SP4 is connected with secondary carbonizer RECAR；Second separator SP5, the first heat exchange Device X1, a carbonizer CAR are sequentially connected；First heat exchanger X1, second heat exchanger X2, third heat exchanger X3 with forge Burner CAL is connected.
The application of new calcium circulation decarbonization system as described above: firstly, in the high CO of high temperature2(950 under conditions of concentration DEG C and 70% CO2Under concentration) precalcining in 12~24 hours is carried out to fresh limestone, obtain the CaO absorbent.In advance Calcination processing can make the physicochemical property of lime stone more stable, and this method is combined and can be incited somebody to action with secondary calcium carbide circulation decarburization process The multiple circulation conversion rate of carbonization of CaO absorbent is increased to 0.37 from 0.12, and after up to a hundred circulations, CaO absorbent Activity remains to stablize in this range.
The flue gas of coal fired power plant discharge flows into a carbonizer CAR and is reacted with CaO absorbent, reaction temperature 650 DEG C, remove 85% CO2With 100% SO2Enter the first gas-solid separator SP1 afterwards；The generating plant flue gas isolated is poor CO2Electricity Stand flue gas (CO2Content is discharged after can entering residual neat recovering system recovery waste heat less than 3%)；In the solid absorbent isolated, Fraction solids react in a carbonizer CAR becomes CaCO3, remainder enter secondary carbonizer RECAR with from calcinatory The high-temperature high concentration CO extracted out in CAL2Gas carries out saturated carbon acidification reaction, and reaction temperature is 750 DEG C；Saturated carbon acidification reaction Afterwards, gas-solid mixture enters the second gas-solid separator SP2, unreacted high-temperature high concentration CO2Gas enters waste heat after separation Recovery system recycles heat, and solid absorbent enters the first separator SP3, and the absorbent of discharge part inactivation is (predominantly CaCO3, CaO and CaSO4)；The absorbent of the partial inactivation of discharge be changed with the CaO absorbent that will enter calcinatory CAL second It exchanges heat in hot device X2；Remaining absorbent of first separator SP3 discharge enters calcinatory CAL with the CaO absorbent after exchanging heat Middle calcining；CaCO in calcinatory CAL3Heated whole is decomposed into CaO, generates the CO of high concentration2；High temperature CaO and CO2Mixture exists It is separated in third gas-solid separator SP4, the high temperature CO isolated2Stream enters secondary carbonizer RECAR and participates in the secondary of absorbent Lime-ash is discharged in the second separator SP5 in carbonization, CaO efflux of solids；CaO efflux of solids after deslagging is in First Heat Exchanger X1 and i.e. The oxygen for entering calcinatory CAL is subjected to heat exchange, is again introduced into carbonizer CAR later；The height being discharged in second separator SP5 Warm lime-ash carry out heat exchange with the coal dust that will enter calcinatory CAL in third heat exchanger X3, discharge after recycling heat.
Below with reference to example, effect of the invention is described further.
System primary condition:
This paper benchmark coal generating system net electric generation is 601.84MW, and net efficiency 41.57%, feed temperature is 271.2 DEG C, main steam condition is 24.2MPa/566 DEG C, and reheated steam parameter is 4.047MPa/566 DEG C, and system 1 is integrated passes Calcium of uniting recycles the coal fired power plant system of decarbonization system, and system 2 is to integrate the secondary carbonisation calcium circulation of band of the present invention to take off The coal fired power plant system of carbon new system.Calculated result and comparison such as table 1.
Table 1, calculated result and comparison
As shown in table 1, under identical benchmark service condition, system 1, system 2 have reached 85% CO2Catch rate. Comparison can be with discovery recycles the coal burning system 2 of decarburization new system using the secondary carbonisation calcium of band of the present invention, and calcium oxide is inhaled The averaging loop activity for receiving agent increases to 0.28, and the internal circulating load of absorbent and magnitude of recruitment significantly reduce in calcium circulation decarbonization system, And then bring the decline of calcinatory fire coal consumption and oxygen demand.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of calcium of secondary carbonisation of band recycles decarbonization system, it is characterised in that: carbonizer (CAR), first gas-solid Separator (SP1), secondary carbonizer (RECAR), the second gas-solid separator (SP2), the first separator (SP3), calcinatory (CAL), third gas-solid separator (SP4), the second separator (SP5), third heat exchanger (X3) are sequentially connected；First separator (SP3) it is connected with second heat exchanger (X2)；Third gas-solid separator (SP4) is connected with secondary carbonizer (RECAR)；Second point It is sequentially connected from device (SP5), first heat exchanger (X1), a carbonizer (CAR)；First heat exchanger (X1), the second heat are handed over Parallel operation (X2), third heat exchanger (X3) are connected with calcinatory (CAL).
2. the application of calcium circulation decarbonization system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the flue gas of coal fired power plant discharge flows into one Secondary carbonizer (CAR) is reacted with CaO absorbent, removes 85% CO2Enter the first gas-solid separator (SP1) afterwards；Separation Generating plant flue gas out is poor CO2Generating plant flue gas, into residual neat recovering system recovery waste heat after discharge；The solid absorbent isolated In, fraction solids reaction in a carbonizer (CAR) becomes CaCO3, remainder enter secondary carbonizer (RECAR) with from The high-temperature high concentration CO extracted out in calcinatory (CAL)2Gas carries out saturated carbon acidification reaction；After saturated carbon acidification reaction, gas-solid Mixture enters the second gas-solid separator (SP2), and solid absorbent therein subsequently enters the first separator (SP3), discharge unit Divide the absorbent of inactivation；Remaining absorbent of first separator (SP3) discharge enters calcining in calcinatory (CAL)；Calcinatory (CAL) CaCO in3Heated whole is decomposed into CaO, generates the CO of high concentration2；High temperature CaO and CO2Mixture is in third gas solid separation Separation, the high temperature CO isolated in device (SP4)2Stream enters the secondary carbonization that secondary carbonizer (RECAR) participates in absorbent, CaO Lime-ash is discharged in efflux of solids in the second separator (SP5).
3. application according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in the high CO of high temperature2Under conditions of concentration to fresh limestone into Row precalcining in 12~24 hours obtains the CaO absorbent.
4. application according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the CaO in the second separator (SP5) after discharge lime-ash is solid Body stream carries out heat exchange with the oxygen that will enter calcinatory (CAL) in First Heat Exchanger (X1), be again introduced into carbonization later Device (CAR).
5. application according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the lime-ash being discharged in the second separator (SP5) with will Coal dust into calcinatory (CAL) carries out heat exchange in third heat exchanger (X3), discharges after recycling heat.
6. application according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the absorbent of the partial inactivation of discharge with will enter calcining The heat exchange in the second heat exchanger (X2) of the CaO absorbent of device (CAL) is absorbed with remaining of the first separator (SP3) discharge later Agent enters calcining in calcinatory (CAL).
7. application according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: gas-solid mixture enters the second gas-solid separator (SP2), not The high-temperature high concentration CO of reaction2Gas enters residual neat recovering system recycling heat after separation.
8. application according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the high CO of high temperature2Concentration refers to that temperature is 950 DEG C, CO2Concentration is 70%.
CN201610738423.2A 2016-08-26 2016-08-26 A kind of new calcium circulation decarbonization system of the secondary carbonisation of band and application Active CN106237827B (en)

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