CN106237717B - A kind of efficient low-resistance electrostatic spinning nano fiber air filting material and mass preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of efficient low-resistance electrostatic spinning nano fiber air filting material and mass preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106237717B CN106237717B CN201610784058.9A CN201610784058A CN106237717B CN 106237717 B CN106237717 B CN 106237717B CN 201610784058 A CN201610784058 A CN 201610784058A CN 106237717 B CN106237717 B CN 106237717B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
- B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/1638—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being particulate
- B01D39/1653—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being particulate of synthetic origin
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
- D01D5/0069—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the spinning section, e.g. capillary tube, protrusion or pin
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of efficient low-resistance electrostatic spinning nano fiber air filting material and mass preparation method, the filtering material is spun-bonded non-woven and the spaced sandwich of nanofiber；Using needle-free electrostatic spinning nozzle, then pass through electrostatic spinning combined technology synchronous with electrostatic spray, nanofiber/microballoon composite membrane is made, using rotating cylinder as reception device, spun-bonded non-woven is to receive substrate, obtains nanofiber/non-weaving cloth composite material, then one layer of spun-bonded non-woven of surface cover, form spun-bonded non-woven and the spaced sandwich of nanofiber, then adhesion process to get.Preparation process of the present invention is simple, controllable and reproducible, and air filting material obtained has the characteristics that efficient low-resistance, and thickness is uniform, strainability it is stable, it can be achieved that nanofiber filtration material mass production, have extraordinary application prospect in field of air filtration.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to air filting material and its preparation field, in particular to a kind of efficient low-resistance electrostatic spinning nano fiber
Air filting material and mass preparation method.
Background technique
As China's process of industrialization is deeply also got worse with rapid economic development, air pollution problems inherent, especially closely
PM2.5 (particle of the partial size less than the 2.5 μm) pollution that the China Nian Lai various regions persistently occur, causes the health of people
It seriously threatens.Filtering is used as a kind of safeguard procedures, can effectively resist the adverse effect that pollution is brought.Currently, China
Industry largely use the air filting material based on glass fibre or melt-blow nonwoven, to size in the micron-scale more than
Particulate matter there is preferable filter effect, but it is poor to sub-micron even nano-scale particle filter efficiency, and existed
The problems such as filtration resistance power is big, dust containing capacity is small, service life is short, therefore, urgent need develop a kind of high-efficient low-resistance air filting material.
Electrostatic spinning nano fiber has many advantages, such as that fibre diameter is small, aperture is small, large specific surface area, porosity are high, by its with
Ideal air filting material can be prepared after combining in substrate.But since electrostatic spinning fiber diameter is in submicron-scale, in reality
Usually with higher filtration resistance while now efficient, existing literature in spinning solution mainly by being added inorganic nano
Grain prepares porous fibre, realizes efficient low-resistance to three kinds of modes of nano fibrous membrane electret.(1) inorganic receive is added in spinning solution
Rice grain makes tunica fibrosa have multistage surface roughness, increases specific surface area, at the same fibre section be it is non-circular, efficient
Filtration resistance (N.Wang, Y.S.Si, N.Wang, et al.Multilevel structured is reduced simultaneously
polyacrylonitrile/silica nanofibrous membranes for high-performance air
filtration[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2014,126:44-51.).But it is inorganic
Nano particle additive amount is limited, and excessive nano particle is reunited, and the filter efficiency of tunica fibrosa reduces instead, and is using
Inorganic nanoparticles can be fallen off in the process, be threatened to health of people.(2) porous fibre, patent are prepared
CN103952783A discloses " a kind of the porous PLA nanofiber of a beading and preparation method thereof ", using low boiling point solvent, in spinning
In the process, solvent quickly volatilizees, and quickly mutually separation and the solidification of induced jet surface solution forms beading porous fibrous structure,
Realize efficient low-resistance.But porous fibrous material mechanical property is poor, while a large amount of low boiling point solvents quickly volatilize in experimentation
People's health can be jeopardized.(3) to nano fibrous membrane electret, patent CN104289042A discloses that " a kind of Static Spinning is received
Rice fiber electret filtering material and its preparation " passes through control inorganic nanoparticles content, polymer solution temperature and Nanowire
Dimension molding instantaneous cooling technique is prepared for nanofiber electret filtering material, but does not provide the material and place rear surface electricity
Lotus whether the related data of loss.For electret material in storage and use process, moisture and particle in air can accelerate electret
Material surface charge loss, makes electret effect gradually decay, and eventually leads to the decline of filtration of material efficiency.Electrostatic spinning nano fiber material
Material low output is always to restrict the technological difficulties of its industrialized production, above method and the unresolved electrostatic spinning nano fiber of patent
Filtering material is unable to the problem of mass production.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of efficient low-resistance electrostatic spinning nano fiber air filting materials
And mass preparation method, this method simple process, controllable and reproducible, air filting material obtained has efficient low-resistance
Feature, thickness is uniform, strainability it is stable, it can be achieved that nanofiber filtration material mass production, in field of air filtration
There is extraordinary application prospect.
A kind of efficient low-resistance electrostatic spinning nano fiber air filting material of the invention, the filtering material, which is that spunbond is non-, to be knitted
Cloth and the spaced sandwich of nanofiber are made, nanofiber is electrostatic spinning nano fiber/microballoon composite membrane, wherein electrostatic
Spinning nano fibre/microballoon structure of composite membrane are as follows: the 3 D stereo cavity structure formed between microballoon insertion electrostatic spinning nano fiber.
The spun-bonded non-woven, fibre diameter are 1-10 μm, grammes per square metre 10-120g/m2, exhibits initial filtration efficiency is
0.1%-5%.
The electrostatic spinning nano fiber diameter is 100-300nm；The partial size of microballoon is 500-800nm.
A kind of efficient low-resistance electrostatic spinning nano fiber air filting material of the invention and mass preparation method, comprising:
(1) polymer is added in solvent, stirring obtains the electrostatic spinning polymer solution of high concentration；Wherein Static Spinning
The mass percentage concentration of silk polymer solution is 10-40%；
(2) polymer is added in solvent, stirring obtains the electrostatic spray polymer solution of low concentration；Wherein electrostatic
The mass percentage concentration of mist polymer solution is 3-30%；
(3) needle-free electrostatic spinning nozzle is used, electrostatic spinning combined technology synchronous with electrostatic spray, system are then passed through
Nanofiber/microballoon composite membrane is obtained, using rotating cylinder as reception device, spun-bonded non-woven is to receive substrate, obtains nanometer
Fiber/non-weaving cloth composite material can regulate and control electrostatic spinning nano fiber/microballoon composite membrane grammes per square metre by adjusting the spinning time
For 0.1-10g/m2；
(4) by above-mentioned nanofiber/one layer of non-weaving cloth composite material surface cover spun-bonded non-woven, form that spunbond is non-to knit
Cloth and the spaced sandwich of nanofiber are made, then adhesion process is to get electrostatic spinning nano fiber air filting material.
Polymer is polyacrylonitrile, polyurethane, polysulfones, polyvinylpyrrolidone, gathers inclined fluorine in the step (1), (2)
One of ethylene, polyethylene glycol oxide, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polycaprolactone, polycaprolactam, chitosan
Or it is several；Solvent is N,N-dimethylformamide, DMAC N,N' dimethyl acetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, two
One or more of chloromethanes, chloroform, hexafluoroisopropanol, formic acid, acetic acid, ethyl alcohol.
Stirring is magnetic agitation 10-12h in the step (1), (2).
Insulating materials is used in step (3), by needle-free electrostatic spinning nozzle surface from center punishment for identical faces
Long-pending or length the part 2-8, is injected into different piece for electrostatic spinning polymer solution and electrostatic spray polymer solution respectively,
Spinning is carried out by electrostatic spinning combined technology synchronous with electrostatic spray.
The insulating materials be polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Kynoar, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyethylene,
One of polypropylene, polystyrene.
The specific process parameter of electrostatic spinning combined technology synchronous with electrostatic spray in the step (3) are as follows: spinning electricity
Press 40-75KV, drum rotation speed 10-400r/min, distance 10-25cm between spray head and roller, spray head transverse moving speed 10-300cm/
Min, liquid supply speed 20-500mL/h, 20-35 DEG C of environment temperature, ambient humidity 20-80%.
Entire spinning machine is closed, and temperature and humidity measure and device for automatically regulating, spinning nozzle and cross are equipped in confined space
Telephone-moving structure is connected, and spinning nozzle is connected with perfusion tube, perfusion tube other end connection liquid feed device, in entire spinning process, feed flow
Device is sustainedly and stably to spray head feed flow, it is ensured that spinning is carried out continuously, and realizes the mass production of electrostatic spinning nano fiber material.
Adhesion process is ultrasonic bonds in the step (4), and the bonding mode is small to the destruction of nanofiber, after processing
Composite material be still able to maintain efficient low-resistance feature, while the strength of filter material is greatly improved.
The present invention uses needle-free electrostatic spinning nozzle, passes through electrostatic spinning combined technology synchronous with electrostatic spray, wound
New property is prepared for electrostatic spinning nano fiber/microballoon composite membrane, and one-step shaping obtains high-efficiency low-resistance nano fiber filter material
Filtering material produced by the present invention has 3 D stereo cavity structure and good structure controllability, filter material
Material length is 1.6m, breadth 0.6m, and producing the time used in a filter material is 20-30min, and the filtering material is straight to quantity intermediate value
Diameter is the particle filtration efficiency of 75nm up to 99.99%, filtration resistance 50-150Pa, and the method provided through the invention is to receiving
After rice fiber membrane structure optimizes, compared with common nanofiber filtration material, under identical filter efficiency, filtration resistance drop
Low 35%.
Beneficial effect
(1) present invention is by electrostatic spinning combined technology synchronous with electrostatic spray, and polymer highly concentrated solution is by quiet
Diameter is formed after Electrospun in the fiber of 100-300nm, can be used as tunica fibrosa support construction.Polymer low concentration solution is by quiet
After electron spray formed diameter 500-800nm microballoon, microballoon be embedded in nanofiber between, increased fiber and it is interfibrous away from
From formation 3 D stereo cavity structure reduces filtration resistance, and polymer low concentration solution will form directly while forming microballoon
Diameter improves filter efficiency in the superfine nano fiber of 80nm or so while reducing filtration resistance, and one-step shaping obtains efficiently low
Hinder nanofiber filtration material；
(2) present invention uses needle-free electrostatic spinning nozzle, avoid multiple single needle electrostatic spinning syringe needles and syringe needle it
Between electric field interfere with each other, lead to the problem of fiber film uniformity difference obtained；Preparation method provided by the invention, nanometer obtained
Fiber film thickness is uniform, and strainability is stablized, high production efficiency, and preparing a length is 1.6m, and breadth is the nanometer mistake of 0.6m
Be only 20-30min the time required to filter material material, it can be achieved that electrostatic spinning nano fiber air filting material mass production；
(3) present invention process parameter is simply controllable, and the nanofiber filtration material of preparation has good structure controllable
Property, it can be realized by adjusting the jet-flow proportioning of electrostatic spinning and electrostatic spray polymer solution to fibrous material packing density, hole
The accuracy controlling of diameter and porosity；
(4) nanofiber filtration material aperture prepared by the present invention is small, porosity is big, and the presence of microballoon has the material
There is 3 D stereo cavity structure, which, which makes it in actual use, has biggish dust containing capacity, extends filtering material
Service life, have good actual application prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is efficient low-resistance electrostatic spinning nano fiber air filting material preparation flow figure of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the efficient low-resistance electrostatic spinning nano fiber/microballoon composite membrane SEM Electronic Speculum prepared in the embodiment of the present invention 1
Figure.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention
Rather than it limits the scope of the invention.In addition, it should also be understood that, after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art
Member can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and such equivalent forms equally fall within the application the appended claims and limited
Range.
Embodiment 1
Filtering material is spun-bonded non-woven and the spaced sandwich of nanofiber, and nanofiber is received for Static Spinning
Rice fiber/microballoon composite membrane, wherein electrostatic spinning nano fiber/microballoon structure of composite membrane are as follows: microballoon is embedded in electrostatic spinning nano fiber
Between the 3 D stereo cavity structure that is formed；Wherein nanofiber diameter is 139nm；The partial size of microballoon is 658nm；Static Spinning is received
Rice fiber/microballoon composite membrane grammes per square metre is 1.08g/m2.Spun-bonded non-woven used, composition fibre diameter is 5 μm, and grammes per square metre is
25g/m2, spun-bonded non-woven exhibits initial filtration efficiency is 0.2%.
A kind of efficient low-resistance electrostatic spinning nano fiber air filting material and mass preparation method, specific steps are as follows:
Step 1: polyacrylonitrile powder is placed in a vacuum drying oven, it is dried in vacuo 8 hours at 70 DEG C；
Step 2: the polyacrylonitrile powder after drying is dissolved in n,N-Dimethylformamide solvent, in magnetic stirring apparatus
Upper stirring 12 hours is made into the polyacrylonitrile highly concentrated solution that mass fraction is 10wt%；
Polyacrylonitrile powder after drying is dissolved in n,N-Dimethylformamide solvent, 12 are stirred on magnetic stirring apparatus
Hour, it is made into the polyacrylonitrile low concentration solution that mass fraction is 5wt%；
Step 3: using umbrella spinning nozzle (CN103088443A), using tenon sheet by nozzle surface from
Center punishment makes nozzle surface left-half fill 10wt% for two parts with same circumference length using liquid feed device
Polyacrylonitrile highly concentrated solution, nozzle surface right half part fills the polyacrylonitrile low concentration solution of 5wt%, passes through Static Spinning
Silk combined technology synchronous with electrostatic spray, is prepared nanofiber/microballoon composite membrane.It is to receive base with spun-bonded non-woven
Material, entire spinning process carry out in closed space, spinning voltage 65KV, drum rotation speed 70r/min, spray head and roller spacing
From 20cm, spray head transverse moving speed 120cm/min, liquid supply speed 50mL/h, 23 DEG C of environment temperature, ambient humidity 25%, when spinning
Between 20min；
Step 4: nanofiber/spun-bonded non-woven the material upper surface obtained in third step one layer of non-woven cloth of lid again,
Spun-bonded non-woven and the spaced sandwich of nanofiber are formed, finally obtains electrostatic after ultrasonic bonds are handled
Spinning nano fibre air filting material.
The nano-fiber air filter material is reachable to the filter efficiency that quantity median diameter is 75nm particle
99.99%, filtration resistance 130.7Pa.
Embodiment 2
Filtering material is spun-bonded non-woven and the spaced sandwich of nanofiber, and nanofiber is received for Static Spinning
Rice fiber/microballoon composite membrane, wherein electrostatic spinning nano fiber/microballoon structure of composite membrane are as follows: microballoon is embedded in electrostatic spinning nano fiber
Between the 3 D stereo cavity structure that is formed；Wherein nanofiber diameter is 204nm；The partial size of microballoon is 569nm；Static Spinning is received
Rice fiber/microballoon composite membrane grammes per square metre is 1.25g/m2.Spun-bonded non-woven used, composition fibre diameter is 5 μm, and grammes per square metre is
30g/m2, spun-bonded non-woven exhibits initial filtration efficiency is 0.2%.
A kind of efficient low-resistance electrostatic spinning nano fiber air filting material and mass preparation method, specific steps are as follows:
Step 1: polyacrylonitrile powder is placed in a vacuum drying oven, it is dried in vacuo 8 hours at 70 DEG C；
Step 2: the polyacrylonitrile powder after drying is dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide solvent, stirred on magnetic stirring apparatus
12 hours, it is made into the polyacrylonitrile highly concentrated solution that mass fraction is 12wt%；
Polyacrylonitrile powder after drying is dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide solvent, is stirred 12 hours on magnetic stirring apparatus,
It is made into the polyacrylonitrile low concentration solution that mass fraction is 6wt%；
Step 3: using umbrella spinning nozzle (CN103088443A), using tenon sheet by nozzle surface from
Center punishment makes spray head a portion fill 12wt%'s for four parts with same circumference length using liquid feed device
Polyacrylonitrile highly concentrated solution, in addition three parts fill the polyacrylonitrile low concentration solution of 6wt%, pass through electrostatic spinning and electrostatic
Combined technology is synchronized by spraying, and nanofiber/microballoon composite membrane is prepared.It is to receive substrate with spun-bonded non-woven, entirely
Spinning process carries out in closed space, spinning voltage 60KV, drum rotation speed 100r/min, distance between spray head and roller
15cm, spray head transverse moving speed 80cm/min, liquid supply speed 40mL/h, 25 DEG C of environment temperature, ambient humidity 30%, the spinning time
30min；
Step 4: nanofiber/spun-bonded non-woven the material upper surface obtained in third step one layer of non-woven cloth of lid again,
Spun-bonded non-woven and the spaced sandwich of nanofiber are formed, finally obtains electrostatic after ultrasonic bonds are handled
Spinning nano fibre air filting material.
The nano-fiber air filter material is reachable to the filter efficiency that quantity median diameter is 75nm particle
99.91%, filtration resistance 102.8Pa.
Embodiment 3
Filtering material is spun-bonded non-woven and the spaced sandwich of nanofiber, and nanofiber is received for Static Spinning
Rice fiber/microballoon composite membrane, wherein electrostatic spinning nano fiber/microballoon structure of composite membrane are as follows: microballoon is embedded in electrostatic spinning nano fiber
Between the 3 D stereo cavity structure that is formed；Wherein nanofiber diameter is 236nm；The partial size of microballoon is 631nm；Static Spinning is received
Rice fiber/microballoon composite membrane grammes per square metre is 1.96g/m2.Spun-bonded non-woven used, composition fibre diameter are 10 μm, grammes per square metre
For 30g/m2, spun-bonded non-woven exhibits initial filtration efficiency is 0.1%.
A kind of efficient low-resistance electrostatic spinning nano fiber air filting material and mass preparation method, specific steps are as follows:
Step 1: polyurethane particles are placed in a vacuum drying oven, it is dried in vacuo 8 hours at 110 DEG C；
Step 2: the polyurethane particles after drying are dissolved in n,N-Dimethylformamide solvent, on magnetic stirring apparatus
Stirring 12 hours is made into the polyurethane highly concentrated solution that mass fraction is 35wt%；
Polyurethane particles after drying are dissolved in n,N-Dimethylformamide solvent, it is small that 12 are stirred on magnetic stirring apparatus
When, it is made into the polyurethane low concentration solution that mass fraction is 20wt%；
Step 3: being used using a kind of electrostatic spinning apparatus (CN104593880A) of polymer fiber mass production
More one metal wires are punished reservoir for equal length from center as electrostatic spinning nozzle, using tenon sheet
Two parts so that reservoir left-half is filled the polyurethane highly concentrated solution of 35wt%, reservoir right half using liquid feed device
It is partially filled with the polyurethane low concentration solution of 20wt%, by electrostatic spinning combined technology synchronous with electrostatic spray, is prepared into
To nanofiber/microballoon composite membrane.With spun-bonded non-woven be receive substrate, entire spinning process in closed space into
Row, spinning voltage 70KV, drum rotation speed 120r/min, distance 25cm between spray head and roller, spray head transverse moving speed 100cm/min,
Liquid supply speed 80mL/h, 27 DEG C of environment temperature, ambient humidity 35%, spinning time 25min；
Step 4: nanofiber/spun-bonded non-woven the material upper surface obtained in third step one layer of non-woven cloth of lid again,
Spun-bonded non-woven and the spaced sandwich of nanofiber are formed, finally obtains electrostatic after ultrasonic bonds are handled
Spinning nano fibre air filting material.
The nano-fiber air filter material is reachable to the filter efficiency that quantity median diameter is 75nm particle
99.26%, filtration resistance 76.3Pa.
Embodiment 4
Filtering material is spun-bonded non-woven and the spaced sandwich of nanofiber, and nanofiber is received for Static Spinning
Rice fiber/microballoon composite membrane, wherein electrostatic spinning nano fiber/microballoon structure of composite membrane are as follows: microballoon is embedded in electrostatic spinning nano fiber
Between the 3 D stereo cavity structure that is formed；Wherein nanofiber diameter is 152nm；The partial size of microballoon is 670nm；Static Spinning is received
Rice fiber/microballoon composite membrane grammes per square metre is 1.68g/m2.Spun-bonded non-woven used, composition fibre diameter are 10 μm, grammes per square metre
For 35g/m2, spun-bonded non-woven exhibits initial filtration efficiency is 0.2%.
A kind of efficient low-resistance electrostatic spinning nano fiber air filting material and mass preparation method, specific steps are as follows:
Step 1: polyacrylonitrile powder is placed in a vacuum drying oven, it is dried in vacuo 8 hours at 70 DEG C；Inclined fluorine will be gathered
Ethylene powder is placed in a vacuum drying oven, and is dried in vacuo 8 hours at 130 DEG C；
Step 2: the polyacrylonitrile powder after drying is dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide solvent, stirred on magnetic stirring apparatus
12 hours, it is made into the polyacrylonitrile highly concentrated solution that mass fraction is 10wt%；
Kynoar powder after drying is dissolved in n,N-Dimethylformamide solvent, is stirred on magnetic stirring apparatus
12 hours, it is made into the Kynoar low concentration solution that mass fraction is 6wt%；
Step 3: being used using a kind of electrostatic spinning apparatus (CN104593880A) of polymer fiber mass production
Reservoir is divided into four with equal length as electrostatic spinning nozzle, using tenon sheet by more one metal wires
Point, using liquid feed device, reservoir a portion is made to fill the polyacrylonitrile highly concentrated solution of 10wt%, in addition three parts are infused
The Kynoar low concentration solution of full 6wt% is prepared and is received by electrostatic spinning combined technology synchronous with electrostatic spray
Rice fiber/microballoon composite membrane.It is to receive substrate with spun-bonded non-woven, entire spinning process carries out in closed space, spins
Filament voltage 55KV, drum rotation speed 140r/min, distance 20cm between spray head and roller, spray head transverse moving speed 60cm/min, feed flow
Speed 30mL/h, 25 DEG C of environment temperature, ambient humidity 40%, spinning time 30min；
Step 4: nanofiber/spun-bonded non-woven the material upper surface obtained in third step one layer of non-woven cloth of lid again,
Spun-bonded non-woven and the spaced sandwich of nanofiber are formed, finally obtains electrostatic after ultrasonic bonds are handled
Spinning nano fibre air filting material.
The nano-fiber air filter material is reachable to the filter efficiency that quantity median diameter is 75nm particle
99.82%, filtration resistance 95.1Pa.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of mass preparation method of efficient low-resistance electrostatic spinning nano fiber air filting material, comprising:
(1) polymer is added in solvent, stirring obtains the electrostatic spinning polymer solution of high concentration；Wherein electrostatic spinning is poly-
The mass percentage concentration of polymer solution is 10-40%；
(2) polymer is added in solvent, stirring obtains the electrostatic spray polymer solution of low concentration；Wherein electrostatic spray is poly-
The mass percentage concentration of polymer solution is 3-30%；
(3) needle-free electrostatic spinning nozzle is used, then by electrostatic spinning combined technology synchronous with electrostatic spray, is made and receives
Rice fiber/microballoon composite membrane, using rotating cylinder as reception device, spun-bonded non-woven be reception substrate, obtain nanofiber/
Non-weaving cloth composite material, wherein nanofiber/microballoon structure of composite membrane are as follows: formed between microballoon insertion electrostatic spinning nano fiber
3 D stereo cavity structure, electrostatic spinning nano fiber diameter is 100-300nm, and the partial size of microballoon is 500-800nm；
(4) by above-mentioned nanofiber/one layer of non-weaving cloth composite material surface cover spun-bonded non-woven, spun-bonded non-woven is formed
The spaced sandwich with nanofiber, then adhesion process is to get electrostatic spinning nano fiber air filting material.
2. a kind of mass preparation side of efficient low-resistance electrostatic spinning nano fiber air filting material according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: in the step (1), (2) polymer be polyacrylonitrile, polyurethane, polysulfones, polyvinylpyrrolidone,
Kynoar, polyethylene glycol oxide, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polycaprolactone, polycaprolactam, in chitosan
One or more；Solvent is N,N-dimethylformamide, DMAC N,N' dimethyl acetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetone, tetrahydro furan
It mutters, one or more of methylene chloride, chloroform, hexafluoroisopropanol, formic acid, acetic acid, ethyl alcohol.
3. a kind of mass preparation side of efficient low-resistance electrostatic spinning nano fiber air filting material according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: stirring is magnetic agitation 10-12h in the step (1), (2).
4. a kind of mass preparation side of efficient low-resistance electrostatic spinning nano fiber air filting material according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: in step (3) use insulating materials, by needle-free electrostatic spinning nozzle surface from center punishment for
Electrostatic spinning polymer solution and electrostatic spray polymer solution are injected into not by the part 2-8 of same area or length respectively
Same part carries out spinning by electrostatic spinning combined technology synchronous with electrostatic spray.
5. a kind of mass preparation side of efficient low-resistance electrostatic spinning nano fiber air filting material according to claim 4
Method, it is characterised in that: the insulating materials be polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Kynoar, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate,
One of polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene.
6. a kind of mass preparation side of efficient low-resistance electrostatic spinning nano fiber air filting material according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: the specific process parameter of electrostatic spinning combined technology synchronous with electrostatic spray in the step (3) are as follows:
Spinning voltage 40-75KV, drum rotation speed 10-400r/min, distance 10-25cm between spray head and roller, spray head transverse moving speed 10-
300cm/min, liquid supply speed 20-500mL/h, 20-35 DEG C of environment temperature, ambient humidity 20-80%；Entire spinning machine is closed,
Temperature and humidity measure and device for automatically regulating are equipped in confined space, spinning nozzle is connected with transverse-moving mechanism, spinning nozzle with it is defeated
Liquid pipe is connected, perfusion tube other end connection liquid feed device, and in entire spinning process, liquid feed device is sustainedly and stably supplied to spray head
Liquid, it is ensured that spinning is carried out continuously.
7. a kind of mass preparation side of efficient low-resistance electrostatic spinning nano fiber air filting material according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: adhesion process is ultrasonic bonds in the step (4).
8. a kind of mass preparation side of efficient low-resistance electrostatic spinning nano fiber air filting material according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: spun-bonded non-woven in the step (4), fibre diameter are 1-10 μm, grammes per square metre 10-120g/m2, just
Beginning filter efficiency is 0.1%-5%.
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