CN106237648A - Low-temperature carbon dioxide segregation apparatus - Google Patents

Low-temperature carbon dioxide segregation apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106237648A
CN106237648A CN201610875761.0A CN201610875761A CN106237648A CN 106237648 A CN106237648 A CN 106237648A CN 201610875761 A CN201610875761 A CN 201610875761A CN 106237648 A CN106237648 A CN 106237648A
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tower
interior
main cooling
precooling
storage
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CN201610875761.0A
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CN106237648B (en
Inventor
宋春风
孙亚伟
刘庆岭
纪娜
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Tianjin University
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Tianjin University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D7/00Sublimation
    • B01D7/02Crystallisation directly from the vapour phase

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of low temperature CO2Segregation apparatus, it is cylindric for precooling tower, main cooling tower and storage tower, is vertically arranged successively by upper, middle and lower;It is provided with interior tower A in precooling tower, in main cooling tower, is provided with interior tower B.Unstripped gas is entered the condensing tube of interior tower A by air inlet, and the temperature of interior tower A is 60 DEG C, it is achieved the liquefaction of water vapour;Owing to the temperature in interior tower A is higher than CO2Freezing point, CO2With the interior tower B that other gas just enters main cooling tower, the temperature of interior tower B is 120 DEG C, less than CO2Freezing point, CO therein2It is frozen into solid, is frozen in heat exchanger surface, then makes solid-state CO by rotating scraping board2Fall in storage tower, it is achieved thereby that H2O and CO2Separation at different parts.The present invention can realize CO under cryogenic2Separation, the response rate is 96%, and energy consumption is 1.5MJ/Kg CO2

Description

Low-temperature carbon dioxide segregation apparatus
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of novel low temperature gas separater, particularly to a kind of low temperature CO2Gas fractionation unit.
Background technology
Low temperature process carbon trapping technique, belongs to after burning CO in flue gas2The one of trapping technique, it is based in mixed gas The method that the molten boiling point difference of different component realizes separating.Low temperature CO2Isolation technics has potential to become a kind of lower energy cost very much Flue gas in CO2Isolation technics, because Cryogenic Separating Process need not chemical reagent, and need not pressure drop.Recently, low temperature CO2 Isolation technics causes people to pay close attention to widely, but still has some problems to need to be solved.(1) CO of heat exchanger surface solidification2 Heat transfer will be had a strong impact on, and arresting efficiency can be reduced.(2) important parameter of refrigeration machine is COP (coefficient of performance), one The coefficient of performance of a little refrigeration machines is the lowest.Sterlin refrigerator causes the research interest of people due to its some good characteristics.It Working media can be air, hydrogen or helium.Compared with traditional refrigeration machine (CFCs, HCFCs, HFCs), its ozone Destroying gesture is 0.In ideal conditions, Stirling cycle is reversible.Additionally sterlin refrigerator can be in the widest temperature In the range of (-120 DEG C-70 DEG C) work, and under low heat load, its coefficient of performance can exceed that 2.5.
State when being captured according to carbon dioxide is different, and low temperature process carbon trapping technique contains two kinds of trapping forms: the One is that liquefaction separates, i.e. condensation at low temperature or rectification, utilizes and the boiling point difference of other compositions in mixed gas, uses low temperature skill Art is by CO2Liquefy and separate;The second is separation of sublimating, and mainly by de-sublimation temperature, other become with mixed gas for it The difference divided, uses cryogenic technique by CO2Solidify and separate.CO2It is separated in solid form by the way of sublimating Come, in the range of finite concentration, there is power savings advantages.
Retrieve research both domestic and external, the CO in natural gas that cryogenic separation Technical comparing is ripe2Removal, such as Cool The CryoCell technology of Energy company exploitation, utilizes a low-temperature process CO2From natural gas, removing is fallen.
Retrieve research both domestic and external, CO in cryogenic trapping flue gas2Device fewer.Clodic and Younes etc. it is proposed that Low temperature CO under one normal pressure2Segregation apparatus.Solidified in the cold side of heat exchanger by evaporated refrigerant working medium, thus reach trapping Purpose.Within the system, two evaporimeter frosting defrosting process alternate runs, a frosting, another then defrosts.But he The shortcoming of system be: in raw material, water content is the least, prevents ice blocking pipeline that water formed or produces in operation A raw big pressure drop;At the CO that heat exchanger surface is formed2Solid layer, can have a strong impact on the heat transfer of heat exchanger, reduce effect Rate;Expensive heat exchanger must be transformed into regeneration cycle at different temperature, and operation to be paid special attention to, it is to avoid excessive machinery Pressure.Holland scientist M.J.Tuinier etc. develops CO based on low temperature packed bed2Trapping technique, based on different dew points And sublimation point, it is achieved CO2, H2O and the separation of other infiltration gases.The cryogenic trapping proposed compared to Clodic and Younes etc. System, does not increase pressure drop and produces blockage problem, but the operation of this packed bed is more complicated, will first lead to nitrogen refrigeration, then It is passed through unstrpped gas again.CO2During trapping, recycle heat is the most more complicated, and the requirement to filler particles is higher.
The present invention is new type low temperature CO based on free-piston type sterlin refrigerator2Isolation technics, according to sublimating a little Difference separates, H2O and CO2Can be condensed in the different piece of trapping system and sublimate, remaining gas outflow system does not has The change of phase.Water concentrates in the process of precooling, is flowed out by concentration tube, it is to avoid blockage problem.CO2It is to be captured with solid phase, Avoid and in other capture method, use solvent and consider stress problems.Remaining arranged by gas outlet for condensed gas Go out.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention, is to overcome existing CO2Trapping technique energy resource consumption is high, shortcoming that product recovery rate is low and Not enough, it is provided that a kind of novel low temperature CO2Segregation apparatus, carries out CO according to the difference sublimated a little2Separate.This device CO2Trapping energy Consume low, CO can be realized under cryogenic2Separation, last CO2Being saved with solid-state, the response rate is high.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of low temperature CO2Segregation apparatus, including precooling tower, main cooling tower and storage tower three part, it is characterised in that institute Stating precooling tower 1, main cooling tower 2 and storage tower 3 is cylindrical shape, is vertically arranged successively by upper, middle and lower;
Being provided with interior tower A6 in precooling tower 1, precooling between tower 1 and Nei Ta A6 is vacuum state;Set in main cooling tower 2 It is equipped with interior tower B11, is also vacuum state between main cooling tower 2 and Nei Ta B11;Precool tower 1 and main cooling tower 2 and interior tower A6 and Do not connect between interior tower B11;
Interior tower A6, interior tower B11 and storage tower 3 are respectively arranged with refrigeration machine A4, refrigeration machine B9 and refrigeration machine C16, refrigeration machine The heat exchanger 10 of B9 is arranged on the middle position of interior tower B11;The periphery of heat exchanger 10 is provided with rotation and scrapes sassafras plate 14;Main cooling tower 2 are additionally provided with motor 13 scrapes sassafras plate 14 to control rotation;
Being provided with condensing tube 7 in interior tower A6, the top precooling tower 1 is provided with the air inlet 5 of condensing tube 7, precools tower 1 Sidewall be provided with the condensation-water drain 8 of condensing tube 7, the lower end of condensing tube 7 extends in interior tower B11;Interior tower B11 with below Storage tower 3 connect;The sidewall of storage tower 3 is provided with gas discharge outlet 15;
Gas preprocessor 17, valve 18, flow controller 19 and it is additionally provided with in the front end of the air inlet 5 of condensing tube 7 Pressure controller 20.
In the interior tower A6 of described precooling tower 1, temperature is set and is-60 DEG C, in the interior tower B11 of main cooling tower 2, temperature is set For-120 DEG C, in storage tower 3, temperature is set and is-80 DEG C.
Described refrigeration machine A4, refrigeration machine B9 and refrigeration machine C16 are free-piston type sterlin refrigerator.
Described precooling tower 12, main cooling tower 13 and storage tower 14 are stainless steel material.
Described interior tower A6, the outer surface of interior tower B11 are provided with aluminum foil material.
The outer surface of described precooling tower 1, main cooling tower 2 and storage tower 3 is provided with PE Foam adiabator.
Beneficial effects of the present invention is as follows:
1. the present invention devises low temperature CO based on free-piston type sterlin refrigerator2Segregation apparatus.Low temperature CO2's Isolation technics separates CO compared to more ripe chemical absorption method2, it is not necessary to chemical reagent, it is therefore prevented that the pollution of reagent, additionally Need not the regeneration of solvent, therefore save the energy.
2. low temperature CO2Isolation technics, with membrane separation process trap CO2Compare, it is not necessary to pressure differential, and the product of pressure differential Raw compressor or the vacuum pump of needing, the consumption energy, for this respect, low temperature CO2Isolation technics also be save the energy.
3. the present invention uses own piston Stirling cooler, and it has compact conformation, lightweight, oil-free, motion portion Part is few, and the high and low noise of reliability, low vibration, the most easy to wear, life-span length, refrigerating capacity facilitate the advantages such as adjustable.
4. the present invention is at low temperature CO2During separation, the water vapour in unstripped gas is concentrated in precooling process, passes through concentration tube Flow out, it is to avoid blockage problem.Water and CO2Can be condensed in the different piece of trapping system and sublimate, remaining gas flows out System does not has the change of phase.CO2It is be captured with solid phase, it is to avoid in other capture method, use solvent and consider pressure Problem.The CO of 96% is achieved at optimum temperature and flow rate2The response rate, energy resource consumption is only 1.5MJ/Kg CO2.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is low temperature CO of the present invention2The structural representation of segregation apparatus;
Fig. 2 is low temperature CO of the present invention2The process diagram of separation process.
Accompanying drawing table of the present invention and as follows:
1 main cooling tower 2 precools tower
3 storage tower 4 refrigeration machine A
Tower A in 5 air inlets 6
7 condensing tube 8 condensation-water drains
9 refrigeration machine B 10 heat exchangers
Tower B 12 solid-state CO in 112
13 motor 14 rotate scraping board
15 gas discharge outlet 16 refrigeration machine C
17 gas preprocessor 18 valves
19 flow controller 20 pressure controllers
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is low temperature CO of the present invention2The structural representation of segregation apparatus, Fig. 2 is low temperature CO of the present invention2The work of separation process Skill sketch.
See accompanying drawing, a kind of low temperature CO of the present invention2Segregation apparatus, including: precool tower 1, main cooling tower 2, storage tower 3 Three parts, are vertically arranged successively by upper, middle and lower, and for stainless steel material, its outer surface is provided with PE Foam adiabator.Precool Being provided with interior tower A6 in tower 1, precooling between tower 1 and Nei Ta A6 is vacuum state;Interior tower B11 it is provided with in main cooling tower 2, main Also it is vacuum state between cooling tower 2 and Nei Ta B11;Between precooling tower 1 and main cooling tower 2 and interior tower A6 and Nei Ta B11 not Connect;Interior tower A6, the outer surface of interior tower B11 are provided with aluminum foil material.
Interior tower A6, interior tower B11 and storage tower 3 are respectively arranged with refrigeration machine A4, refrigeration machine B9 and refrigeration machine C16, refrigeration machine The heat exchanger 10 of B9 is arranged on the middle position of interior tower B11;The periphery of heat exchanger 10 is provided with rotation and scrapes sassafras plate 14, main cooling tower 2 are additionally provided with motor 13 scrapes sassafras plate 14 to control rotation;
Being provided with condensing tube 7 in interior tower A6, the top precooling tower 1 is provided with the air inlet 5 of condensing tube 7, precools tower 1 Sidewall be provided with the condensation-water drain 8 of condensing tube 7, the lower end of condensing tube 7 extends in interior tower B11;Interior tower B11 with below Storage tower 3 connect;The sidewall of storage tower 3 is provided with gas discharge outlet 15;
Gas preprocessor 17, valve 18, flow controller 19 and it is additionally provided with in the front end of the air inlet 5 of condensing tube 7 Pressure controller 20.
Unstripped gas is by gas preprocessor 17, valve 18, flow controller 19 and pressure controller 20, from air inlet 5 Entering the condensing tube 7 of the interior tower A6 precooling tower 1, the temperature of interior tower A6 is-60 DEG C, it is possible to achieve the liquefaction of water vapour, is formed The water of liquid, aqueous water is discharged by condensing tube outlet 8.Owing to the temperature in interior tower A6 is higher than CO2Freezing point, CO2And other Gas (such as N2、O2) enter main cooling tower 2 in a gaseous form.Main cooling tower 2 by the sterlin refrigerator B9 being connected with it, In controlling, the temperature in tower B11 is-120 DEG C, less than CO2Freezing point, the CO in interior tower B112It is frozen into solid, is frozen in The surface of heat exchanger 10, it is achieved thereby that H2O and CO2Separation at different parts.It is frozen in solid-state CO of heat exchanger surface212, The rotation scraping board 14 driven by motor 13 is swiped, and makes it fall in storage tower 3.Storage tower 3 is by being connected with it Sterlin refrigerator C16, control temperature in storage tower 3 and be-80 DEG C, highly purified CO2It is stored with the form of solid-state.The coldest Solidifying N2Discharged by gas discharge outlet 15 with other gas.
Embodiment 1
With CO2/N2/H2Composition in flue gas, wherein CO after the mixed gas simulated combustion of O2For 13vol%, N2For 82vol%, H2O is 5vol%.Use the low temperature CO of the present invention2Gas fractionation unit, carries out CO with low temperature process2Separation, specifically Implementation process is as follows:
Mixed gas first passes through the SO that gas preprocessor 17 removes in flue gasx、NOxAnd flying dust, then pass through flow controller 19 control flow rate, then control gaseous mixture admission pressure by pressure controller 20.Mixed gas enters condensation from air inlet 5 Pipe 7, the interior tower A6 precooling tower 1 is connected with sterlin refrigerator A4, and in controlling, the temperature in tower A6 is-60 DEG C.At a temperature of this Water vapour liquefies, and forms aqueous water (preventing the formation ice blocking to pipeline), and the water of liquid is discharged from condensing tube outlet 8. Owing to now temperature is higher than CO2Freezing point (about-78.5 DEG C) and N2Freezing point (about-209.86 DEG C), make CO2And N2With gaseous state Enter the interior tower B11 of main cooling tower 2 smoothly.
The interior tower B11 of main cooling tower 1 is connected with sterlin refrigerator B9, and the temperature that arranges of interior tower B9 is-120 DEG C, by In temperature now less than CO2Freezing point, make CO2It is frozen into solid, is frozen in the surface of heat exchanger 10, and this temperature is still Higher than N2Freezing point, so N2Still enter storage tower 3 with gaseous state.It is frozen in the CO on heat exchanger 10 surface212, pass through motor The 13 rotation scraping boards 14 driven are swiped, and make solid-state CO212 fall in storage tower 3.
Storage tower 3 is connected with sterlin refrigerator C16, and the temperature that arranges of storage tower 3 is-80 DEG C, highly purified CO2With The form of solid-state is stored, uncooled N2Discharged by gas discharge outlet 15 in a gaseous form.
The mixed gas low temperature CO by the present invention2Gas fractionation unit, it is achieved that low temperature CO2Separation.Finally, water steams Vapour is being discharged from the interior tower A6 precooling tower in liquid form, CO2It is stored in solid form in storage tower, uncooled gas Body (N2), the gas discharge outlet in storage tower is discharged.

Claims (6)

1. a low temperature CO2Segregation apparatus, including precooling tower, main cooling tower and storage tower three part, it is characterised in that described It is cylindric for precooling tower (1), main cooling tower (2) and storage tower (3), is vertically arranged successively by upper, middle and lower;
Being provided with interior tower A (6) in precooling tower (1), precooling between tower (1) and interior tower A (6) is vacuum state;Main cooling tower (2) it is provided with interior tower B (11) in, is also vacuum state between main cooling tower (2) and interior tower B (11);Precool tower (1) and master is cold But do not connect between tower (2) and interior tower A (6) and interior tower B (11);
Interior tower A (6), interior tower B (11) and storage tower (3) are respectively arranged with refrigeration machine A (4), refrigeration machine B (9) and refrigeration machine C (16), the heat exchanger (10) of refrigeration machine B (9) is arranged on the middle position of interior tower B (11);The periphery of heat exchanger (10) is provided with rotation Turn and scrape sassafras plate (14);Main cooling tower (2) is additionally provided with motor (13) and scrapes sassafras plate (14) to control rotation;
Being provided with condensing tube (7) in interior tower A (6), the top precooling tower (1) is provided with the air inlet (5) of condensing tube (7), in advance The sidewall of cooling tower (1) is provided with the condensation-water drain (8) of condensing tube (7), and the lower end of condensing tube (7) extends to interior tower B (11) In;Interior tower B (11) connects with storage tower (3) below;The sidewall of storage tower (3) is provided with gas discharge outlet (15);
Gas preprocessor (17), valve (18), flow controller it is additionally provided with in the front end of the air inlet (5) of condensing tube (7) And pressure controller (20) (19).
Low temperature CO the most according to claim 12Segregation apparatus, it is characterised in that the interior tower A (6) of described precooling tower (1) Inside arranging temperature and be-60 DEG C, arrange temperature and be-120 DEG C in the interior tower B (11) of main cooling tower (2), storage tower arranges temperature in (3) Degree is for-80 DEG C.
Low temperature CO the most according to claim 12Segregation apparatus, it is characterised in that described refrigeration machine A (4), refrigeration machine B (9) It is free-piston type sterlin refrigerator with refrigeration machine C (16).
Low temperature CO the most according to claim 12Segregation apparatus, it is characterised in that described precooling tower (1), main cooling tower And storage tower (3) is stainless steel material (2).
Low temperature CO the most according to claim 12Segregation apparatus, it is characterised in that outside described interior tower A (6), interior tower B (11) Surface configuration has aluminum foil material.
Low temperature CO the most according to claim 12Segregation apparatus, it is characterised in that described precooling tower (1), main cooling tower And the outer surface of storage tower (3) is provided with PE Foam adiabator (2).
CN201610875761.0A 2016-09-29 2016-09-29 Low-temperature carbon dioxide separator Expired - Fee Related CN106237648B (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106890546A (en) * 2017-03-23 2017-06-27 天津大学 Film permeates the carbon dioxide capture device being combined with low temperature phase change
CN107019998A (en) * 2017-03-23 2017-08-08 天津大学 A kind of collecting carbonic anhydride method that film infiltration is combined with low temperature phase change
CN107806742A (en) * 2017-09-30 2018-03-16 南京宏博环保实业有限公司 A kind of low-temperature liquefaction method produces CO2Method and device
CN108956232A (en) * 2018-08-03 2018-12-07 中国核动力研究设计院 It is a kind of biology sample in carbon-14 method for making sample and sample making apparatus
CN115382240A (en) * 2022-08-25 2022-11-25 北京航天试验技术研究所 Mars atmosphere carbon dioxide capture system adopting freezing method and method thereof
EP4122571A4 (en) * 2020-05-01 2024-05-22 Toho Gas Co., Ltd. Carbon dioxide recovery device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201954916U (en) * 2010-12-20 2011-08-31 华北电力大学 CO2 separation and compression integrated device
CN202066300U (en) * 2011-03-25 2011-12-07 东南大学 Device for separating carbon dioxide from flue gas by liquefying
EP2438976A1 (en) * 2006-03-10 2012-04-11 Douglas C. Comrie Carbon dioxide sequestration materials and processes
CN206198739U (en) * 2016-09-29 2017-05-31 天津大学 A kind of low-temperature carbon dioxide separator

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2438976A1 (en) * 2006-03-10 2012-04-11 Douglas C. Comrie Carbon dioxide sequestration materials and processes
CN201954916U (en) * 2010-12-20 2011-08-31 华北电力大学 CO2 separation and compression integrated device
CN202066300U (en) * 2011-03-25 2011-12-07 东南大学 Device for separating carbon dioxide from flue gas by liquefying
CN206198739U (en) * 2016-09-29 2017-05-31 天津大学 A kind of low-temperature carbon dioxide separator

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106890546A (en) * 2017-03-23 2017-06-27 天津大学 Film permeates the carbon dioxide capture device being combined with low temperature phase change
CN107019998A (en) * 2017-03-23 2017-08-08 天津大学 A kind of collecting carbonic anhydride method that film infiltration is combined with low temperature phase change
CN107806742A (en) * 2017-09-30 2018-03-16 南京宏博环保实业有限公司 A kind of low-temperature liquefaction method produces CO2Method and device
CN108956232A (en) * 2018-08-03 2018-12-07 中国核动力研究设计院 It is a kind of biology sample in carbon-14 method for making sample and sample making apparatus
CN108956232B (en) * 2018-08-03 2021-03-30 中国核动力研究设计院 Sample preparation method and sample preparation equipment for carbon-14 in biological sample
EP4122571A4 (en) * 2020-05-01 2024-05-22 Toho Gas Co., Ltd. Carbon dioxide recovery device
CN115382240A (en) * 2022-08-25 2022-11-25 北京航天试验技术研究所 Mars atmosphere carbon dioxide capture system adopting freezing method and method thereof

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