CN105180489A - Mixing working medium throttling refrigerating machine adapting to variable working condition operation and refrigerating method of mixing working medium throttling refrigerating machine - Google Patents
Mixing working medium throttling refrigerating machine adapting to variable working condition operation and refrigerating method of mixing working medium throttling refrigerating machine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mixing working medium throttling refrigerating machine adapting to variable working condition operation and a refrigerating method of the mixing working medium throttling refrigerating machine. The mixing working medium throttling refrigerating machine is mainly composed of a compressor unit, a condensation cooler unit, a backheating heat exchanger unit, an evaporator unit, a throttling unit, a controllable access-response-to-load change adjusting unit, a response-to-environment temperature change adjusting unit and a control unit. The defect that it is difficult to start a mixing working medium throttling refrigerating machine can be overcome, so that the mixing working medium throttling refrigerating machine starts smoothly and operates stably. Meanwhile, for the mixing working medium throttling refrigerating machine operating stably, when the load changes, the working medium flow of the refrigerating machine can be adjusted quickly to adapt to changes of the load, and stable operation of a system is kept; when the environment changes, the working medium component circulation matching of the refrigerating machine can be adjusted to adapt to the requirement of the environment temperature, and the environment refrigerating capacity is fully utilized, so that the temperature matching of a backheating heat exchanger is more reasonable, and the efficiency of the system is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to refrigerating field, particularly relate to a kind of mixture throttling refrigerating machine and the refrigerating method thereof that adapt to variable parameter operation.
Background technology
Utilize traditional vapour compression refrigeration technology, minimum effective cryogenic temperature that single-stage refrigeration cycle can reach, at about-40 DEG C, if will realize lower cryogenic temperature, needs to adopt multi-stage compression or multistage cascade refrigeration circulation.In existing technology, adopt two stages of compression can reach the cryogenic temperature of about-60 DEG C, adopt two-stage autocascade cycle can realize about-80 DEG C cold temperature, more than three grades autocascade cycle will be taked to the cryogenic temperature realizing-100 DEG C even lower.Now, along with the reduction of demand temperature, the refrigeration system of vapour compression refrigeration technology becomes more complicated, and reliability reduces, and regulating measure is more complicated.Since the eighties in 20th century, polybasic mixture throttling Refrigeration Technique obtains important progress, as long as this technology makes to find suitable mixed working fluid and working medium proportioning, namely the low temperature of-100 DEG C ~-200 DEG C is reached by single stage compress throttling refrigeration, therefore, this technology can substitute autocascade cycle below-100 DEG C of warm areas, especially substitutes more than three grades autocascade cycle, it seems at present and have broad application prospects.
But the shortcoming of mixed working fluid also clearly, one is from starting up to the process cooling to cryogenic temperature, and system pressure change is violent; Two is that liquid phase is accumulated phenomenon and caused systematic working medium circulation proportioning to depart from charging proportioning, the performance of influential system.First shortcoming can cause Using Mixed Refrigerants difficulty in starting; Second shortcoming can make Using Mixed Refrigerants be difficult to stable operation after load changes, and after variation of ambient temperature, working medium circulation proportioning departs from optimal proportion, inefficiency.
Therefore, play mixture throttling refrigerating machine-100 DEG C to liquid nitrogen temperature than three grades of advantages that overlapping j-t refrigerator structure is simple, small investment, efficiency are higher, two shortcomings that mixture throttling refrigerating machine is above-mentioned must be solved, make mixture throttling refrigerating machine can clean boot, after temperature reduces, system pressure is adjusted, change flow under component circulation proportioning immovable prerequisite during reply load variations, adjust component circulation proportioning during response environment variations in temperature in the immovable situation of working medium flow in the comparatively figure of merit.The application of mixed working fluid so just can be made to be promoted.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the shortcoming and defect overcoming above-mentioned prior art, a kind of mixture throttling refrigerating machine and the refrigerating method thereof that adapt to variable parameter operation are provided.Make small-sized mixture throttling refrigerating machine in start operating performance, load variations operating mode and variation of ambient temperature operating mode, can freely tackle, realize system fading margin and stablize and Effec-tive Function.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Adapt to a mixture throttling refrigerating machine for variable parameter operation, comprise controlled path reply load variations regulon 1, response environment variations in temperature regulon 2, compressor unit 3, condensate cooler unit 4, regenerative heat exchange cells 5, evaporator unit 6, control unit 7;
Described regenerative heat exchange cells 5 comprises high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1 and low temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-2; Described controlled path reply load variations regulon 1 comprises controllable inlet valve V1, controlled air outlet valve V2, cryogen collecting tank B1; Described response environment variations in temperature regulon 2 comprises controlled liquid valve V5, liquid knockout drum B2;
The outlet of described compressor unit 3 connects the import of condensate cooler unit 4, the outlet of described condensate cooler unit 4 connects the gas-liquid import of knockout drum B2, the gaseous phase outlet of knockout drum B2 connects cryogen collecting tank B1 by the controllable inlet valve V1 of controlled path reply load variations regulon, and cryogen collecting tank B1 is connected to the low pressure line of compressor unit 3 import again by the controlled air outlet valve V2 of controlled path reply load variations regulon;
First liquid-phase outlet of described knockout drum B2 connects the low pressure line of compressor unit 3 import by controlled liquid valve V5, the second liquid phase outlet of knockout drum B2 connects the B import of high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1; The A import of high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1 connects the gaseous phase outlet pipeline of knockout drum B2;
The A outlet of described high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1 connects the C import of low temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-2, the C outlet of low temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-2 is connected the D import of low temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-2 successively with evaporator unit 6 by low temperature throttle structure V4, the D outlet of low temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-2 connects the E import of high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1, and the E outlet of high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1 is connected to the low pressure line of compressor unit 3 import; The B outlet of high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1 connects the E import of high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1 by high temperature throttle structure V3;
Described control unit 7 receives the outlet pressure/temperature value of compressor unit 3 inlet and outlet pressure value, low temperature throttle structure V4, and controls the On/Off of controllable inlet valve V1, controlled air outlet valve V2 and controlled liquid valve V5.
The refrigerating method of the mixture throttling refrigerating machine of above-mentioned adaptation variable parameter operation, comprises the steps:
(1) start operating performance: the controlled liquid valve V5 of response environment variations in temperature regulon 2 is in closed condition; The controlled air outlet valve V2 of reply load variations regulon 1 closes, and controllable inlet valve V1 opens until close after cooling to design temperature;
(2) under normal operation, specific as follows when generation load variations and/or variation of ambient temperature:
(2-1) when only having load to change, all liquid phase cryogens cooled down when the knockout drum B2 storage system of response environment variations in temperature regulon 2 changes, controlled liquid valve V5 is in closure state; The pressure of controlled path reply load variations regulon 1 pair of system regulates; Concrete control method is: when load reduces, the controlled liquid valve V5 of response environment variations in temperature regulon 2 is in closed condition, the controlled air outlet valve V2 of controlled path reply load variations regulon 1 is kept closed, controllable inlet valve V1 opens, and closes after setting value until system pressure reduces; When load improves, the controllable inlet valve V1 of controlled path reply load variations regulon 1 is kept closed, and controlled air outlet valve V2 opens, until system pressure is closed after bringing up to setting value;
(2-2) when only having environment temperature to change, controllable inlet valve V1 and the controlled air outlet valve V2 of controlled path reply load variations regulon 1 are in closure state; Concrete control method is: when environment temperature reduces, controlled liquid valve V5 closes; When environment temperature raises, controlled liquid valve V5 is opened into after system high pressure reaches setting value and closes.
Above-mentioned steps (1) system is when load and environment temperature change simultaneously, and preferential reply load variations regulates.
The present invention, relative to prior art, has following advantage and effect:
The mixture throttling refrigerating machine of this adaptation variable parameter operation, can overcome the shortcoming of mixture throttling refrigerating machine difficulty in starting, allows mixture throttling refrigerating machine start to stable operation smoothly; Meanwhile, for the mixture throttling refrigerating machine just in stable operation, when load changes, the present invention can make the working medium flow quick adjustment of refrigeration machine to adapt to the change of load, keeping system stable operation; When environment changes, the working medium component circulation proportioning of the adjustable refrigeration machine of the present invention conforms temperature requirement, makes full use of environment cold, makes Recuperative heat exchanger Temperature Matching more reasonable, improve system effectiveness.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is more specifically described in detail.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1.A kind of mixture throttling refrigerating machine adapting to variable parameter operation of the present invention, comprises controlled path reply load variations regulon 1, response environment variations in temperature regulon 2, compressor unit 3, condensate cooler unit 4, regenerative heat exchange cells 5, evaporator unit 6, control unit 7;
Described regenerative heat exchange cells 5 comprises high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1 and low temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-2; Described controlled path reply load variations regulon 1 comprises controllable inlet valve V1, controlled air outlet valve V2, cryogen collecting tank B1; Described response environment variations in temperature regulon 2 comprises controlled liquid valve V5, liquid knockout drum B2;
The outlet of described compressor unit 3 connects the import of condensate cooler unit 4, the outlet of described condensate cooler unit 4 connects the gas-liquid import of knockout drum B2, the gaseous phase outlet of knockout drum B2 connects cryogen collecting tank B1 by the controllable inlet valve V1 of controlled path reply load variations regulon, and cryogen collecting tank B1 is connected to the low pressure line of compressor unit 3 import again by the controlled air outlet valve V2 of controlled path reply load variations regulon;
First liquid-phase outlet of described knockout drum B2 connects the low pressure line of compressor unit 3 import by controlled liquid valve V5, the second liquid phase outlet of knockout drum B2 connects the B import of high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1; The A import of high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1 connects the gaseous phase outlet pipeline of knockout drum B2;
The A outlet of described high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1 connects the C import of low temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-2, the C outlet of low temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-2 is connected the D import of low temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-2 successively with evaporator unit 6 by low temperature throttle structure V4, the D outlet of low temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-2 connects the E import of high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1, and the E outlet of high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1 is connected to the low pressure line of compressor unit 3 import; The B outlet of high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1 connects the E import of high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1 by high temperature throttle structure V3;
Described control unit 7 receives the outlet pressure/temperature value of compressor unit 3 inlet and outlet pressure value, low temperature throttle structure V4, and controls the On/Off of controllable inlet valve V1, controlled air outlet valve V2 and controlled liquid valve V5.
The course of work of refrigeration machine is: first, azeotrope enters compressor unit 3 from the low pressure line of compressor unit 3 and is compressed, the pressure limit of compression forward slip value cryogen is 1.5Bar to 4.5Bar, and after compressor unit 3 compresses, azeotrope pressure increase is to 12Bar to 18Bar; Then, azeotrope enters condensate cooler unit 4 and is cooled to close to environment temperature, and now azeotrope is gas-liquid two-phase state; Then, azeotrope enters gas-liquid separator B2 and carries out gas-liquid separation, after gas-liquid separation, the azeotrope of gas phase by gas-liquid separator B2 top gaseous phase outlet out and enter a import of the high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1 of regenerative heat exchange cells 5, the azeotrope of liquid phase is then exported out the b import entering high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1 by the second liquid phase bottom gas-liquid separator B2, high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1 is three stream heat exchanger.High pressure hot-fluid is by gas-liquid separator B2 gas phase out and liquid phase refrigerant, they are cooled by the low pressure working fluid backflowed in regenerator, first supercooled state is reached by the liquid phase cryogen stream stock that the b import from high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1 enters, it enters high temperature throttle mechanism V3 throttling after b exports out, then e import and d export the low pressure working fluid backflowed and mix, enter heat absorption in high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1 again to heat up, azeotrope after intensification exports out from e, gets back to the low pressure line of compressor and continues to enter compressor unit 3 and compressed; Gas-phase high pressure hot-fluid is exported out by b after heat exchange and enters low temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-2 by the c import of low temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-2 in high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1, its continuation is cooled by the low pressure cryogen backflowed in low temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-2, exported out by the c of low temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-2 afterwards, then from passing through throttle mechanism V4 throttling, azeotrope after throttling becomes the cold flow of low pressure, and pressure limit is 1.5Bar to 4.5Bar; First the azeotrope of throttle mechanism V4 low pressure out enters the d import returning low temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-2 after evaporator unit 6 absorbs the heat temperature rise of thermic load, after it absorbs the heat temperature rise of high-pressure side hot-fluid in low temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-2, the e import of high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1 is entered from the d outlet of low temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-2, and continue heat absorption in high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1 and heat up, the mixed working fluid that e exports out is from the e of high temperature backheat heat exchange unit 5-1 out and the low pressure line getting back to compressor has compressed whole kind of refrigeration cycle.
The refrigerating method of the mixture throttling refrigerating machine of above-mentioned adaptation variable parameter operation, comprises the steps:
(1) start operating performance: the controlled liquid valve V5 of response environment variations in temperature regulon 2 is in closed condition; The controlled air outlet valve V2 of reply load variations regulon 1 closes, and controllable inlet valve V1 opens until close after cooling to design temperature;
(2) under normal operation, specific as follows when generation load variations and/or variation of ambient temperature:
(2-1) when only having load to change, all liquid phase cryogens cooled down when the knockout drum B2 storage system of response environment variations in temperature regulon 2 changes, controlled liquid valve V5 is in closure state; The pressure of controlled path reply load variations regulon 1 pair of system regulates; Concrete control method is: when load reduces, the controlled liquid valve V5 of response environment variations in temperature regulon 2 is in closed condition, the controlled air outlet valve V2 of controlled path reply load variations regulon 1 is kept closed, controllable inlet valve V1 opens, and closes after setting value until system pressure reduces; When load improves, the controllable inlet valve V1 of controlled path reply load variations regulon 1 is kept closed, and controlled air outlet valve V2 opens, until system pressure is closed after bringing up to setting value;
(2-2) when only having environment temperature to change, controllable inlet valve V1 and the controlled air outlet valve V2 of controlled path reply load variations regulon 1 are in closure state; Concrete control method is: when environment temperature reduces, controlled liquid valve V5 closes; When environment temperature raises, controlled liquid valve V5 is opened into after system high pressure reaches setting value and closes.
Above-mentioned steps (1) system is when load and environment temperature change simultaneously, and preferential reply load variations regulates.
As mentioned above, just the present invention can be realized preferably.
Embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other are any do not deviate from Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle under do change, modification, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. one kind adapts to the mixture throttling refrigerating machine of variable parameter operation, it is characterized in that, comprise controlled path reply load variations regulon (1), response environment variations in temperature regulon (2), compressor unit (3), condensate cooler unit (4), regenerative heat exchange cells (5), evaporator unit (6), control unit (7);
Described regenerative heat exchange cells (5) comprises high temperature backheat heat exchange unit (5-1) and low temperature backheat heat exchange unit (5-2); Described controlled path reply load variations regulon (1) comprises controllable inlet valve (V1), controlled air outlet valve (V2), cryogen collecting tank (B1); Described response environment variations in temperature regulon (2) comprises controlled liquid valve (V5), liquid knockout drum (B2);
The outlet of described compressor unit (3) connects the import of condensate cooler unit (4), the outlet of described condensate cooler unit (4) connects the gas-liquid import of knockout drum (B2), the gaseous phase outlet of knockout drum (B2) connects cryogen collecting tank (B1) by the controllable inlet valve (V1) of controlled path reply load variations regulon, and cryogen collecting tank (B1) is connected to the low pressure line of compressor unit (3) import again by the controlled air outlet valve (V2) of controlled path reply load variations regulon;
First liquid-phase outlet of described knockout drum (B2) connects the low pressure line of compressor unit (3) import by controlled liquid valve (V5), the second liquid phase outlet of knockout drum (B2) connects the B import of high temperature backheat heat exchange unit (5-1); The A import of high temperature backheat heat exchange unit (5-1) connects the gaseous phase outlet pipeline of knockout drum (B2);
Described control unit (7) receives the outlet pressure/temperature value of compressor unit (3) inlet and outlet pressure value, low temperature throttle structure (V4), and controls the On/Off of controllable inlet valve (V1), controlled air outlet valve (V2) and controlled liquid valve (V5).
2. described in claim 1, adapt to the mixture throttling refrigerating machine of variable parameter operation, it is characterized in that: the A outlet of described high temperature backheat heat exchange unit (5-1) connects the C import of low temperature backheat heat exchange unit (5-2), the C outlet of low temperature backheat heat exchange unit (5-2) is connected the D import of low temperature backheat heat exchange unit (5-2) successively with evaporator unit (6) by low temperature throttle structure (V4), the D outlet of low temperature backheat heat exchange unit (5-2) connects the E import of high temperature backheat heat exchange unit (5-1), the E outlet of high temperature backheat heat exchange unit (5-1) is connected to the low pressure line of compressor unit (3) import, the B outlet of high temperature backheat heat exchange unit (5-1) connects the E import of high temperature backheat heat exchange unit (5-1) by high temperature throttle structure V3.
3. adapt to the refrigerating method of the mixture throttling refrigerating machine of variable parameter operation described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) start operating performance: the controlled liquid valve (V5) of response environment variations in temperature regulon (2) is in closed condition; The controlled air outlet valve (V2) of controlled path reply load variations regulon (1) cuts out, and controllable inlet valve (V1) is opened until close after cooling to design temperature;
(2) under normal operation, specific as follows when generation load variations and/or variation of ambient temperature:
(2-1) when only having load to change, all liquid phase cryogens cooled down when response environment temperature becomes+change knockout drum (B2) the storage system change of regulon 2, controlled liquid valve (V5) is in closure state; Controlled path reply load variations regulon (1) pressure to system regulates; Concrete control method is: when load reduces, the controlled liquid valve (V5) of response environment variations in temperature regulon (2) is in closed condition, the controlled air outlet valve (V2) of controlled path reply load variations regulon (1) is kept closed, controllable inlet valve (V1) is opened, and closes after setting value until system pressure reduces; When load improves, the controllable inlet valve (V1) of controlled path reply load variations regulon (1) is kept closed, and controlled air outlet valve (V2) is opened, until system pressure is closed after bringing up to setting value;
(2-2) when only having environment temperature to change, controllable inlet valve (V1) and the controlled air outlet valve (V2) of controlled path reply load variations regulon (1) are in closure state; Concrete control method is: when environment temperature reduces, and controlled liquid valve (V5) is closed; When environment temperature raises, controlled liquid valve (V5) is opened into after system high pressure reaches setting value and closes.
4. the refrigerating method of the mixture throttling refrigerating machine of adaptation variable parameter operation according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described step (1) system is when load and environment temperature change simultaneously, and preferential reply load variations regulates.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN110108056A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-08-09 | 上海利正卫星应用技术有限公司 | The regulating device of refrigeration system |
| CN110108058A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-08-09 | 上海利正卫星应用技术有限公司 | The coupled system of air source heat pump and mixed working medium auto-cascade refrigeration |
| CN111076325A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2020-04-28 | 杭州三花研究院有限公司 | Air conditioning system and control method thereof |
| CN114353380A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-15 | 浙江态能动力技术有限公司 | Ultrahigh-temperature heat pump energy storage system based on recompression circulation |
| CN114484936A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-05-13 | 浙江态能动力技术有限公司 | Based on ultra-high temperature heat pump energy storage operation control system |
| US11828507B2 (en) | 2018-09-25 | 2023-11-28 | Hangzhou Sanhua Research Institute Co., Ltd. | Air conditioning system and control method therefor |
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