CN106225943B - A kind of device and method based on Transient Heat Transfer theory measurement high quartz melting furnace temperature - Google Patents
A kind of device and method based on Transient Heat Transfer theory measurement high quartz melting furnace temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN106225943B CN106225943B CN201610782785.1A CN201610782785A CN106225943B CN 106225943 B CN106225943 B CN 106225943B CN 201610782785 A CN201610782785 A CN 201610782785A CN 106225943 B CN106225943 B CN 106225943B
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum rhodium Chemical compound [Rh].[Pt] PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of device and method based on Transient Heat Transfer theory measurement high quartz melting furnace temperature, and three K-type thermocouples are arranged in quartz-melting furnace；Wherein, the quartz-melting furnace includes circular graphite sleeve, and boron nitride layer is enclosed in graphite sleeve, is enclosed with magnesium oxide layer on boron nitride layer；Three K-type thermocouples are located in quartz-melting furnace same level, and are subject to the axis of graphite sleeve and are sequentially distributed along the radial direction of quartz-melting furnace；Three K-type thermocouples are connect with computer respectively by conducting wire and signal handling equipment；The computer obtains the temperature of furnace cardiolith English according to the temperature computation of three K-type thermocouple measurements.The K-type thermocouple that the present invention is about 1200 DEG C by several resistance to extreme temperatures, measures quartz-melting furnace internal high temperature indirectly, and measurement accuracy is high, at low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermophysical measurement, and particularly relates to a device and a method for measuring the temperature of a high-temperature quartz melting furnace based on a transient heat transfer theory.
Background
In the processing process of the bulk finished quartz, the quartz raw material needs to be heated to a high temperature of 2000 ℃. Generally, the only devices capable of measuring a temperature of 2000 ℃ are radiation thermometers and platinum rhodium thermocouples. Because the fused silica is positioned in the heating equipment and cannot be penetrated by radiation, only one platinum-rhodium thermocouple can be used for measuring the temperature. However, considering that the price of the platinum-rhodium thermocouple is about 3000 yuan/count, and the service life is also shortened sharply at high temperature (each thermocouple can be reused at most 3 times), the cost is not affordable by general industrial enterprises. Therefore, many enterprises choose not to measure the temperature of the quartz raw material, but estimate the heating time and the heating power according to experience, which easily causes energy waste, product quality reduction and other adverse effects.
The traditional method usually adopts worker experience to estimate the temperature of the furnace core, and occasionally a single high-temperature thermocouple is directly inserted into the furnace core. The former method makes it very difficult to control the heating process due to the inaccuracy of empirical estimation, and this method cannot mass-produce high quality quartz products because the quality of the quartz product is directly affected by the heating power and time during the heating process. The price of the high-temperature thermocouple used in the latter is more than 3000 yuan, and the long-time measurement of the high temperature of the furnace core can lead the service life to be reduced sharply, and the high-temperature thermocouple is usually damaged for tens of hours, thus bringing very high production cost and being unbearable for most enterprises.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device and a method for measuring the temperature of a high-temperature quartz melting furnace based on a transient heat transfer theory, which indirectly measure the internal high temperature of the quartz melting furnace through a plurality of K-type thermocouples with the temperature resistance limit of about 1200 ℃, and have high measurement precision and low cost.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a device for measuring the temperature of a high-temperature quartz melting furnace based on a transient heat transfer theory, wherein three K-type thermocouples are arranged in the quartz melting furnace; the quartz melting furnace comprises a round graphite sleeve, wherein the graphite sleeve is wrapped with a boron nitride layer, and the boron nitride layer is wrapped with a magnesium oxide layer; the three K-type thermocouples are positioned in the same horizontal plane of the quartz melting furnace and are sequentially distributed along the radius direction of the quartz melting furnace by taking the axis of the graphite sleeve as a reference; the three K-type thermocouples are respectively connected with a computer through leads and signal processing equipment; and the computer calculates and obtains the temperature of the furnace core quartz according to the temperatures measured by the three K-type thermocouples.
Further, the horizontal plane of the three K-type thermocouples is 30cm away from the bottom discharge hole of the quartz melting furnace, and the distances between the three K-type thermocouples and the axis of the graphite sleeve are 30cm, 60cm and 100cm in sequence.
Further, the measured temperature T of three K-type thermocouples is recorded in real time in the transient heat transfer process of the quartz melting furnaceiThe temperature sum T of two adjacent units inside and outside the unit where each K-type thermocouple is located is calculated according to the method shown in the formula (1)i+1+Ti-1Then according to three groups Ti+1+Ti-1The value of (A) is used to calculate the quartz temperature T at the furnace coreFurnace core，
In the formula (1), Cp,iIs the specific heat capacity of the i-th unit, piIs the density of the ith cell, ViIs the volume of the ith cell, TiIs the temperature of the ith cell, RiIs the radius of the ith cell, qiThe power of a heating internal heat source of the ith unit is shown, t is time, h is, and lambda is the heat conductivity of each corresponding material; the ith unit is a concentric cylindrical structure which is artificially divided from the axis of the graphite sleeve to the outside, the wall thickness of the cylinder is delta R, and the radius of the inner circle is Ri。
Further, in the steady-state heating process, the quartz temperature T is calculated by using the method shown in the formula (2)Furnace core，
In the formula (2), R1Is the inner diameter of the graphite sleeve, R2Is the outer diameter of the graphite sleeve, R3Is the outer diameter of the boron nitride layer, R4Is the outer diameter of the magnesium oxide layer, TITemperature, T, measured by type I K thermocoupleIITemperature, T, measured by type II K thermocoupleIIITemperature, R, measured by type III K thermocoupleIIs the distance R between the type I K thermocouple and the axis of the quartz channelIIIs the distance R between the No. II K-type thermocouple and the axis of the quartz channelIIIIs the distance between the type III K thermocouple and the axis of the quartz channel, lambdaGraphite (II)Is the thermal conductivity of graphite, lambdaBoron nitrideIs the thermal conductivity of boron nitride, lambdaMagnesium oxideIs the thermal conductivity of magnesium oxide.
The invention also provides a method for measuring the temperature of the high-temperature quartz melting furnace based on the transient heat transfer theory, wherein three K-type thermocouples are arranged in the quartz melting furnace; the quartz melting furnace comprises a round graphite sleeve, wherein the graphite sleeve is wrapped with a boron nitride layer, and the boron nitride layer is wrapped with a magnesium oxide layer; the three K-type thermocouples are positioned in the same horizontal plane of the quartz melting furnace and are sequentially distributed along the radius direction of the quartz melting furnace by taking the axis of the graphite sleeve as a reference; the three K-type thermocouples are respectively connected with a computer through leads and signal processing equipment; and the computer calculates and obtains the temperature of the furnace core quartz according to the temperatures measured by the three K-type thermocouples.
Further, the horizontal plane of the three K-type thermocouples is 30cm away from the bottom discharge hole of the quartz melting furnace, and the distances between the three K-type thermocouples and the axis of the graphite sleeve are 30cm, 60cm and 100cm in sequence.
Further, the measured temperature T of three K-type thermocouples is recorded in real time in the transient heat transfer process of the quartz melting furnaceiThe sum T of the temperatures of the two adjacent units inside and outside the unit where each K-type thermocouple is located is calculated according to the method shown in the formula (3)i+1+Ti-1Then according to three groups Ti+1+Ti-1The value of (A) is used to calculate the quartz temperature T at the furnace coreFurnace core，
In the formula (3), Cp,iIs the specific heat capacity of the i-th unit, piIs the density of the ith cell, ViIs the volume of the ith cell, TiIs the temperature of the ith cell, RiIs the radius of the ith cell, qiThe power of a heating internal heat source of the ith unit is shown, t is time, h is, and lambda is the heat conductivity of each corresponding material; the ith unit is a concentric cylindrical structure which is artificially divided from the axis of the graphite sleeve to the outside, the wall thickness of the cylinder is delta R, and the radius of the inner circle is Ri。
Further, in the steady-state heating process, the quartz temperature T is calculated by using the method shown in the formula (4)Furnace core，
In the formula (4), R1Is the inner diameter of the graphite sleeve, R2Is the outer diameter of the graphite sleeve, R3Is the outer diameter of the boron nitride layer,R4is the outer diameter of the magnesium oxide layer, TITemperature, T, measured by type I K thermocoupleIITemperature, T, measured by type II K thermocoupleIIITemperature, R, measured by type III K thermocoupleIIs the distance R between the type I K thermocouple and the axis of the quartz channelIIIs the distance R between the No. II K-type thermocouple and the axis of the quartz channelIIIIs the distance between the type III K thermocouple and the axis of the quartz channel, lambdaGraphite (II)Is the thermal conductivity of graphite, lambdaBoron nitrideIs the thermal conductivity of boron nitride, lambdaMagnesium oxideIs the thermal conductivity of magnesium oxide.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the obvious advantages that a temperature measuring system is formed by a plurality of K-type thermocouples, the temperature of the furnace core is solved by a transient heat transfer formula, the inaccuracy of manual experience estimation is avoided, the furnace core is more economical than the method of directly inserting a single high-temperature-resistant thermocouple into the furnace core, the compromise between the accuracy and the economy is reached, and the method is suitable for producing high-quality quartz products in large batch.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a quartz melting furnace according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a type K thermocouple distribution according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the definition of the ith cell in the present invention.
Detailed Description
It is easily understood that according to the technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art can imagine various embodiments of the apparatus and method for measuring the temperature of a high temperature quartz melting furnace based on the transient heat transfer theory of the present invention without changing the essential spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative of the technical aspects of the present invention, and should not be construed as all of the present invention or as limitations or limitations on the technical aspects of the present invention.
The method for measuring the temperature of the high-temperature quartz melting furnace based on the transient heat transfer theory by using the device disclosed by the invention is as follows by combining the attached drawings:
first, a quartz melting furnace as shown in fig. 1 was set up. The quartz melting furnace comprises a circular graphite sleeve, wherein a cylindrical cavity in the quartz melting furnace is used as a place for melting quartz and a quartz channel, the top opening of the quartz melting furnace is a feeding port for quartz raw materials, the bottom opening of the quartz melting furnace is used as a discharging port for melting quartz, the graphite sleeve is wrapped by a boron nitride layer, and the boron nitride layer is wrapped by a magnesium oxide layer. In the process of building the quartz melting furnace, three K-type thermocouples are respectively arranged according to the positions shown in figure 2. The specific positions of the three K-type thermocouples are as follows: the three K-type thermocouples are positioned in the same horizontal plane, and the distance between the horizontal plane and a discharge hole at the bottom of the quartz melting furnace is 30 cm; the three K-type thermocouples are distributed along the radial direction of the quartz melting furnace by taking the axis of the cylindrical quartz channel as a reference, and the distances from the inside to the outside of the three K-type thermocouples to the axis of the quartz channel are respectively 30cm, 60cm and 100 cm. The three K-type thermocouples are respectively marked as a No. I K-type thermocouple, a No. II K-type thermocouple and a No. III K-type thermocouple from inside to outside. The three K-type thermocouples are respectively connected with a computer through leads and signal processing equipment. In order to ensure the reliability, a plurality of temperature measuring systems consisting of three K-type thermocouples can be arranged along the circumference of the quartz melting furnace as redundant backup according to the method.
Secondly, after the quartz melting furnace starts to operate, a temperature measuring program in the computer is started, and temperature measuring work is started. After the quartz melting furnace is started from a cold state, the temperature of the whole furnace body begins to gradually rise, and the quartz melting furnace is in a transient heat transfer process. At the moment, the temperature measured by the K-type thermocouple is a transient value, and the computer records and settles the transient temperature value in real time to obtain the temperature of quartz at the furnace core in the transient heat transfer process. At this time, in the process of solving the quartz temperature of the furnace core, the temperature of the quartz at the furnace core needs to be solved by using the related solving method of transient heat transfer shown in the formula (1),
in the formula (1), Cp,iIs the specific heat capacity of the i-th unit, piIs the density of the ith cell, ViIs the volume of the ith cell, TiIs the temperature of the ith cell, RiIs the radius of the ith cell, qiThe power of a heating internal heat source of the ith unit, t is time, h is the height of the quartz melting furnace, and lambda is the heat conductivity corresponding to various materials. As shown in FIG. 3, the ith unit is a concentric cylindrical structure which is artificially divided from the furnace core to the outside, namely from the axis of the quartz channel to the outside, and is represented by a plurality of concentric rings in a plan view, the wall thickness of the cylinder is Delta R, and the radius of the inner circle of the ith cylinder is RiThis structure does not actually exist, but is a region that is manually divided for numerical calculation, see fig. 2. Three K-type thermocouples are respectively distributed in three cylinder walls, and the temperature T measured by the K-type thermocouples can be considered as the wall thickness delta R of the cylinder is smalleriI.e. the temperature T of the cylinder in which it is locatedi. From the formula (1), the temperature T of each K-type thermocouple is showniWhen the curve changing along with the time is known, the curve dT of the change rate of the temperature to the time can be obtainediSince the specific heat capacity, density, volume, radius and other parameters are known fixed values, T can be solved by transforming equation (1) into equation (2)i+1+Ti-1The sum of the temperatures of the two adjacent cylinders inside and outside the cylinder where a certain K-type thermocouple is located is solved. According to the measured temperatures of three K-type thermocouples, three groups of T can be obtainedi+1+Ti-1According to the three groups Ti+1+Ti-1，The temperature of each unit, i.e., each cylinder, can be determined. Therefore, the temperature of the quartz at the core can be obtained by the inward estimation. In actual measurement, the solution is automatically completed by a computer program according to the method.
Thirdly, when the heating process lasts for enough time, the temperature readings of the three K-type thermocouples and the furnace core temperature result obtained by calculation are not changed any more, and at the moment, the transient heating process of the melting furnace is considered to be finished, and the steady-state heating process is started. After entering the steady state heating process, the temperature of the quartz at the core can still be indirectly measured. At this time, the temperature of the quartz at the furnace core is calculated by using the method shown in the formula (3),
in the formula (3), R1Is the inner diameter of the graphite sleeve, R2Is the outer diameter of the graphite sleeve, R3Is the outer diameter of the boron nitride layer, R4Is the outer diameter of the magnesium oxide layer, TITemperature, T, measured by type I K thermocoupleIITemperature, T, measured by type II K thermocoupleIIITemperature, R, measured by type III K thermocoupleIIs the distance R between the type I K thermocouple and the axis of the quartz channelIIIs the distance R between the No. II K-type thermocouple and the axis of the quartz channelIIIIs the distance between the type III K thermocouple and the axis of the quartz channel, and lambda is the heat conductivity corresponding to various materials. According to equation (3), except for the core temperature TFurnace coreBesides, other parameters are known quantities, so that the temperature of the furnace core can be solved by directly substituting the known quantities, and steady-state measurement is realized.
Claims (4)
1. A device for measuring the temperature of a high-temperature quartz melting furnace based on a transient heat transfer theory is characterized in that three K-type thermocouples are arranged in the quartz melting furnace; wherein,
the quartz melting furnace comprises a round graphite sleeve, the graphite sleeve is wrapped with a boron nitride layer, and the boron nitride layer is wrapped with a magnesium oxide layer;
the three K-type thermocouples are positioned in the same horizontal plane of the quartz melting furnace and are sequentially distributed along the radius direction of the quartz melting furnace by taking the axis of the graphite sleeve as a reference;
the three K-type thermocouples are respectively connected with a computer through leads and signal processing equipment;
the computer calculates the temperature of the furnace core quartz according to the temperatures measured by the three K-type thermocouples;
the device for measuring the temperature of the high-temperature quartz melting furnace based on the transient heat transfer theory is characterized in that the measured temperature T of three K-type thermocouples is recorded in real time in the transient heat transfer process of the quartz melting furnaceiThe temperature sum T of two adjacent units inside and outside the unit where each K-type thermocouple is located is calculated according to the method shown in the formula (1)i+1+Ti-1Then according to three groups Ti+1+Ti-1The value of (A) is used to calculate the quartz temperature T at the furnace coreFurnace core，
In the formula (1), Cp,iIs the specific heat capacity of the i-th unit, piIs the density of the ith cell, ViIs the volume of the ith cell, TiIs the temperature of the ith cell, RiIs the radius of the ith cell, qiThe power of a heating internal heat source of the ith unit, t is time, h is the height of the quartz furnace, and lambda is the heat conductivity of each corresponding material; the ith unit is a concentric cylindrical structure which is artificially divided from the axis of the graphite sleeve to the outside, the wall thickness of the cylinder is delta R, and the radius of the inner circle is Ri；
In the steady-state heating process, the quartz temperature T is calculated by using the method shown in the formula (2)Furnace core，
In the formula (2), R1Is the inner diameter of the graphite sleeve, R2Is the outer diameter of the graphite sleeve, R3Is the outer diameter of the boron nitride layer, R4Is the outer diameter of the magnesium oxide layer, TITemperature, T, measured by type I K thermocoupleIITemperature, T, measured by type II K thermocoupleIIITemperature measured for type III K thermocouple，RIIs the distance R between the type I K thermocouple and the axis of the quartz channelIIIs the distance R between the No. II K-type thermocouple and the axis of the quartz channelIIIIs the distance between the type III K thermocouple and the axis of the quartz channel, lambdaGraphite (II)Is the thermal conductivity of graphite, lambdaBoron nitrideIs the thermal conductivity of boron nitride, lambdaMagnesium oxideIs the thermal conductivity of magnesium oxide.
2. The apparatus for measuring the temperature of the high-temperature quartz melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein three K-type thermocouples are located at a horizontal plane 30cm away from the bottom discharge port of the quartz melting furnace, and the three K-type thermocouples are located at distances of 30cm, 60cm and 100cm from the axis of the graphite sleeve in this order.
3. A method for measuring the temperature of a high-temperature quartz melting furnace based on a transient heat transfer theory is characterized in that three K-type thermocouples are arranged in the quartz melting furnace; wherein,
the quartz melting furnace comprises a round graphite sleeve, the graphite sleeve is wrapped with a boron nitride layer, and the boron nitride layer is wrapped with a magnesium oxide layer;
the three K-type thermocouples are positioned in the same horizontal plane of the quartz melting furnace and are sequentially distributed along the radius direction of the quartz melting furnace by taking the axis of the graphite sleeve as a reference;
the three K-type thermocouples are respectively connected with a computer through leads and signal processing equipment;
the computer calculates the temperature of the furnace core quartz according to the temperatures measured by the three K-type thermocouples;
the method for measuring the temperature of the high-temperature quartz melting furnace based on the transient heat transfer theory is characterized in that the measured temperature T of three K-type thermocouples is recorded in real time in the transient heat transfer process of the quartz melting furnaceiThe sum T of the temperatures of the two adjacent units inside and outside the unit where each K-type thermocouple is located is calculated according to the method shown in the formula (3)i+1+Ti-1Then according to three groups Ti+1+Ti-1The value of (A) is used to calculate the quartz temperature T at the furnace coreFurnace core，
In the formula (3), Cp,iIs the specific heat capacity of the i-th unit, piIs the density of the ith cell, ViIs the volume of the ith cell, TiIs the temperature of the ith cell, RiIs the radius of the ith cell, qiThe power of a heating internal heat source of the ith unit, t is time, h is the height of the quartz furnace, and lambda is the heat conductivity of each corresponding material; the ith unit is a concentric cylindrical structure which is artificially divided from the axis of the graphite sleeve to the outside, the wall thickness of the cylinder is delta R, and the radius of the inner circle is Ri；
During steady-state heating, the quartz temperature T is solved by using the method shown in formula (4)Furnace core，
In the formula (4), R1Is the inner diameter of the graphite sleeve, R2Is the outer diameter of the graphite sleeve, R3Is the outer diameter of the boron nitride layer, R4Is the outer diameter of the magnesium oxide layer, TITemperature, T, measured by type I K thermocoupleIITemperature, T, measured by type II K thermocoupleIIITemperature, R, measured by type III K thermocoupleIIs the distance R between the type I K thermocouple and the axis of the quartz channelIIIs the distance R between the No. II K-type thermocouple and the axis of the quartz channelIIIIs the distance between the type III K thermocouple and the axis of the quartz channel, lambdaGraphite (II)Is the thermal conductivity of graphite, lambdaBoron nitrideIs the thermal conductivity of boron nitride, lambdaMagnesium oxideIs the thermal conductivity of magnesium oxide.
4. The method for measuring the temperature of the high-temperature quartz melting furnace based on the transient heat transfer theory as claimed in claim 3, wherein the horizontal plane where the three K-type thermocouples are located is 30cm away from the bottom discharge port of the quartz melting furnace, and the distances between the three K-type thermocouples and the axis of the graphite sleeve are 30cm, 60cm and 100cm in sequence.
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