CN1062257A - Make the method for switch, potentiometer in the circuit board - Google Patents

Abstract

Method of the present invention can be made switch, potentiometer in the circuit board of single face, two-sided or multilayer.

Switch or potentiometer body are directly made in circuit board, connector such as do not need solder joint, participate.Moving contact is a conductor of realizing function control, and by its displacement of actuator control, main accessories is all general.The extremely simple and performance of the structure of switch and potentiometer all obtains innovation.

Description

Make the method for switch, potentiometer in the circuit board

The present invention relates in circuit board, make the innovation of switch and variable resistance (the application all claims potentiometer).

Update search both at home and abroad is that switch or electronic component or semiconductor element are installed on circuit board to similar document, and the method for directly making switch, potentiometer with the present invention in circuit board relatively has no something in common.

The object of the invention is made no solder joint, is not had the switch or the traditional discrete parts of potentiometer replacement of participating in circuit board; Annex is few, and major part can be general, and is simple and reliable for structure; Switch can hold more controlled circuit; The change potentiometer is a various ways; Make the utilization and the circuit arrangement of circuit board more reasonable.

The objective of the invention is to realize with following primary structure and operation principle: switch or potentiometer body are to make long slot bore or circular hole on circuit board, extend to stiff end on the hole wall as the fixed contact of switch with controlled circuit, constitute Switch main body; With the output circuit of the resistive film of hole wall one side and opposite side fixedly end face constitute the potentiometer body.Switch or potentiometer are to adopt the control of realization to its function that be shifted in body of the moving contact of metallic conductor.The member that is shifted in body by the external control moving contact is an actuator.Body, moving contact, the equal owner of actuator want member.

The switch operation principle: when the fixed endpoint of controlled circuit on moving contact and the Switch main body is contacted, circuit turn-on, circuit breaker when leaving fixed endpoint.

The potentiometer operation principle: moving contact one end contacts with the fixed resistance film of body, and the fixedly end face of other end contact output circuit, actuator make moving contact place resistive film surface diverse location and obtain different resistance values, make moving contact export different electric currents.

Switch or potentiometer slotted eye in the circuit board can be made into long slot bore or circular hole, and long slot bore can divide forms such as straight trough hole or arc groove hole again.Therefore, the feature of switch or potentiometer body is directly on circuit board.Because switch fixed endpoint and potentiometer resistance film two end tie points are extensions of circuit,, the present invention makes switch, potentiometer in the multilayer circuit board so also being suitable for.

Be example with the switch in straight trough hole or the structure of potentiometer now, 1-13 describes (structure in arc groove hole and straight trough hole is basic identical, illustrates that no longer borehole structure outlines in the back) in detail to the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The Figure of description label list:

1; moving contact (Fig. 1 and explanation); 2; actuator (Fig. 2 and explanation); 3; be shaped on switch groove single face circuit board; 4; dustproof and the actuator location lid of band scale; 5; the protective circuit insulating washer; 6; the circuit board of potentiometer cell wall strip resistance film; 7; double-sided PCB (potentiometer that is used for the combination of non-essential resistance sheet); 8; the non-essential resistance sheet (Fig. 9) of insulated substrate one side strip resistance film; 9; edges of boards simply connected potentiometer actuator (Figure 10) with the non-essential resistance sheet; 10; with duplex potentiometer actuator (Figure 10) arranged side by side in the plate of non-essential resistance sheet; 11; with the edges of boards symmetry duplex potentiometer actuator (Figure 10) of non-essential resistance sheet, 12; the copper stud of long screws such as band shoulder double end, 13; band shoulder double end does not wait long threaded rod; 14; minor diameter steel screw; 15; insulating case (or insulating barrier), 16; copper bush, 17; nut; 18; single face circuit board (potentiometer that is used for the combination of non-essential resistance sheet), 19; dust cap.

The Figure of description explanation:

Fig. 1: A, B, C are the enlarged diagram of three kinds of forms of moving contact, A is two identical metal ends, interior dress metal spring, its effect makes end cap produce axial elastic force, can conduct the electric current of two end caps again, contract because of rear spring groove wall pressure is installed, produce axial tensile force, the end face of two end caps is well contacted with fixed contact or resistive film maintenance on the cell wall; B is made up of the inside and outside metallic sheath of band edge face, and interior cover external diameter and overcoat aperture are slidingly matched, and the effect of contained spring is identical with A, and the surface that interior overcoat is slidingly matched also can conduction current; The interior overcoat of C is identical with B, and available other elastomeric objects or air bag replace spring, and when high accuracy was slidingly matched, the cavity of also available interior overcoat was with air seal, and interior cover makes gas compression produce axial tensile force when slipping into.More than three kinds of structures can choose any one kind of them as moving contact.Moving contact is characterised in that: it is the conductor that axial two ends have elastic telescopic, its external diameter should be able to be free to slide in the pilot hole of actuator, its length should be longer than pilot hole during free state, and its minimum compressed length should be shorter than pilot hole, (pilot hole length is the H of Fig. 2).

Fig. 2: be the enlarged diagram of actuator basic structure, the body analysis of expression actuator assembly is decomposed into three geometrical bodies in upper, middle and lower with left hand side in the right double dot dash line square frame;

The top body is little cuboid, does handling knob of push-pull mechanism, and also available other body of this class mechanism replaces, and its position can be on actuator top or bottom or front and back end.

The middle part body is a rectangular flat plate, and its width is wide than the bottom body, makes the combination back constitute two side stages shoulder, as the location structure of actuator horizontal shift guiding.

The bottom body is that pack into cuboid in the circuit board slot has the pilot hole structure of vertical cell wall, pilot hole is used to settle moving contact that it can be free to slide in the hole, the end face in hole and circuit board cell wall are slidingly matched, the guiding actuator moves back and forth along cell wall, and the bottom body is the primary structure of actuator.

Actuator is characterised in that: it is to make with insulating material, and its primary structure is the pilot hole structure that vertical two side channel walls are arranged on the body of circuit board slotted hole internal shift, and pilot hole is used to settle moving contact.

2 of the actuator of single channel output such as Fig. 3, Fig. 4; 2 of the actuator of multichannel output such as Fig. 5.

Fig. 3: be the simple and easy switch schematic diagram of oneway circuit control.3 is the single face circuit board, and its controlled circuit interrupts at switch groove place, interrupts two ends and is extended down to and constitutes a pair of fixed contact that " L " shape and tight attached cell wall become circuit on the cell wall separately.With the direction of arrow represent input circuit with by moving contact output circuit (following each chart signal justice is identical).Diagram is seen in switch assembling: pack in 2 the pilot hole and 1 two ends are compressed 1, make 2 to pack in 3 grooves, again 4 front and back are participated 3 the jack of packing into, 4 oblong aperture is passed in the handling knob of 2 tops, 4 are in place promotes to handle knob afterwards, make actuator move on to the power on scale of road fixed endpoint of moving contact conducting cell wall, (2 overlap with 4 scale) check circuit should be in conducting state.Push away actuator again and leave the scale of fixed endpoint to moving contact, check circuit should be in off state.Then 4 front and back are participated and stretch out the plate bottom surface and partly do crookedly slightly, make 4 to be packed on the circuit board, play preventing that 2 deviate from the groove and prevent that dust from entering the effect in the groove, switch is installed promptly to accuse and is finished.

Fig. 4: be the inputs of five circuit, click the switch schematic diagram that output circuit is connected on the one road by a movable contact; The fixed endpoint of each input circuit of switch cell wall keeps equal interval.Fixed endpoint with output connects together in addition, and its length equates with input five circuit stiff end length overalls, becomes " L " face of single channel output, and its effect makes the moving contact displacement level and smooth, and strengthens the attached tight cell wall of fixed contact.Therefore, resistive film on the cell wall and output circuit all adopt this shape.The switch assembling sees that Fig. 3 illustrates.When actuator is shorter than 4 oblong aperture, can on oblong aperture, install dust cap 19 additional.

Fig. 5: the tandem that is actually three Fig. 4 switches becomes the switch schematic diagram of ten five tunnel inputs, three tunnel outputs, though Switch main body has the controlled input circuit stiff end of Shi Wulu and three sections output stationary planes, its structure still extremely simply has only an actuator and 3 moving contacts, and three equally spaced pilot holes are arranged on the actuator 2.In addition, the switch groove also can prolong and arranges more controlled circuit and output circuit when making more multicircuit switch, and is of many uses simple in structure.All act one its advantages of example explanation: as five band switches, totally three groups, every group is five tunnel inputs the switch of Fig. 5, and wherein five kinds of wave band antenna inputs of a winding select an antenna circuit to export by moving contact; Another group input circuit connects five kinds of wave band local coils.Click wherein by another movable contact and one the tunnel to export; The 3rd group of input circuit connects light-emitting diode (or liquid crystal scale) the electric current input utmost point that five wave band scales show, another utmost point common ground.Select one the tunnel to connect output circuit connection power supply by moving contact.Controlled circuit in each group should be by the wave band sequence arrangement, article 4 five, groove is represented five wave bands, when wherein a groove is aimed on the groove on actuator is handled knob and 4, this wave band is become service band by three moving contact conductings, its light-emitting diode also shows simultaneously and illuminates the service band scale also can clearly be distinguished wave band at night working point (or show the scale of liquid crystal service band, the liquid crystal scale can make greatly constriction of scale panel).The distance of the three groups of visual Connection Element of input circuit positions arranging on the cell wall and optional two sidewalls are as the layout of input circuit, switch groove left side wall two ends are arranged one group of input circuit of two groups of input circuit right side wall intermediate arrangement as shown, this method according to position of components cloth circuits can make the circuit on the circuit board shorten and simplify, Fig. 53 because of circuit face onboard, for avoiding 2 shoulder wearing and tearing circuit, also be suitable for the identical situation of other diagram so install the thin packing ring 5(5 of an insulating material between the shoulder 2 and the plate face additional, its structure is decided according to the shape in groove or hole).

Fig. 6: expression is shaped on the circuit board of simply connected potentiometer body: plating is attached to cell wall one side and is " L " shape resistive film (shown in dense deceiving), one end and input circuit plating connect, other end ground connection, the opposite side of representing (following each figure is all identical) cell wall with " ⊥ " are potentiometer output circuit (with light black the expression).Use 1,2,4,19 among Fig. 4, install 5 additional, but just the interior simply connected of built-up circuit plate does not have the solder joint potentiometer.

Fig. 7: be the structural representation of duplex potentiometer in the circuit board: the identical and spaced-apart resistive film of side plating Annex II segment length of current potential tank, every section two end all connects with the circuit plating, as follows with D, E, F, G indication circuit: when D, F respectively connect input circuit, when E, F common ground, become the structure of duplex potentiometer commonly used.When D, G respectively connect input circuit, when E, F common ground, in the situation of actuator towards side displacement, the output current one of in two moving contacts increases progressively, and another successively decreases, and becomes innovative duplex potentiometer, and need not change the structure of potentiometer.

Fig. 8: be the structural representation of three current potential tanks in the circuit board: use 1,2,4,5 among Fig. 5 can form three potentiometers.By that analogy, can constitute the multi-gang potentiometer more than three, also the actuator of available single pilot hole is controlled moving contact respectively except that do unified control with an actuator; Also can adopt the mixing control forms that part is controlled together and part is controlled respectively.

More than be the straight channel type structure of making switch or potentiometer body in the circuit board, the attached resistive film of plating on the potentiometer cell wall is applicable to that the circuit board manufactory of specialty produces in enormous quantities.For the circuit board of limited production or experiment usefulness, because therefore the making inconvenience of resistive film, for solving this difficulty, proposes the structure of using non-essential resistance sheet general part to make no solder joint potentiometer in circuit board below.Therefore, also can to use non-essential resistance sheet and circuit board to constitute the potentiometer body also be one of its feature to potentiometer.

Fig. 9: be non-essential resistance sheet general part schematic diagram: its two ends of resistive film (figure in the middle of dense black section) that the one side on insulated substrate is plated attached different resistance values are plated with the coat of metal and are connect, metal level is extended down to around the installing hole at insulated substrate two ends, make and back double-screw bolt shoulder is installed and metal level compresses, avoid directly being pressed on the resistive film and make resistive film impaired.After non-essential resistance sheet and the combination of two ends double-screw bolt, constitute the current potential tank parallel with the circuit board face.The cell wall outside is a resistive film, and inboard two ends are potentiometer input and the earthed circuit on the circuit board, and the centre is an output circuit.According to different resistance values, the non-essential resistance sheet that design standard series is general can be produced for commercially available choosing by the special manufacturer, uses easily.

Figure 10: be used for the actuator structural representation that non-essential resistance sheet combination potentiometer uses: its primary structure is identical with the actuator of Fig. 2, and three kinds of slightly different forms of supplementary structure, shown in 9,10,11, be and utilize actuator one side formation to hold 8 groove, make the actuator can be, can prevent that again actuator from deviating from along the displacement of the width of non-essential resistance sheet 8.9,11 structure is the potentiometer actuator that is used to be arranged in board edge, and the convex shoulder of support is arranged in the edges of boards contact position, and it is stable that actuator is moved.10 structure is the structural representation that is used to be arranged in the middle duplex potentiometer actuator arranged side by side of circuit board, can develop into the simply connected of use non-essential resistance sheet or the various ways of multi-gang potentiometer with these three kinds of forms, or unification control or separately control or do mixing control.Only change supplementary structure.

Figure 11: expression does not have the solder joint potentiometer with the simply connected that the non-essential resistance sheet is installed on board edge: the input on the circuit board, output, earthed circuit are as shown on 18, on the input circuit that 8 two ends are connected to circuit board by 12 upper shoulder respectively and the earthed circuit (12 lower shoulder is connected with circuit on the plate), output circuit on the plate is a rectangle, its length is identical with resistive film with width, and the screw spacing on the two terminal circuit (input, ground connection) is identical with 8 two stomidiums.Two 12 are loaded on circuit board, and reinforce with 17, place actuator 9 then, the bottom convex shoulder is contacted with panel edges and make pilot hole aim at output circuit, moving contact 1 is put into pilot hole, install 8 and make the groove that falls into actuator, both upper ends thereof compresses with 17, make 1 to be compressed, an end of 1 and resistive film surface contact, and the other end contacts with output circuit on the circuit board, and promotion actuator 9 is shifted, make 1 to be in the diverse location of resistive film and to change resistance value, export different electric currents to output circuit.

Figure 12: be the unified duplex potentiometer general assembly schematic diagram of controlling and being loaded in the circuit board arranged side by side: two actuators with 9 merge becomes 10 form, because of the bottom contacts with the plate face, do not need convex shoulder, duplex after assembling potentiometer arranged side by side (is that basket type then becomes the separately structure of control if two 9 changes are handled knob at the top) this structure as shown in the figure can be installed any position on circuit board, simplifies the circuit on the plate.

Figure 13: be that the double-sided circuit panel edges is installed symmetrical duplex potentiometer: 18 symmetries among 7 double-sided circuit and Figure 11 (but can be saved a earthed circuit in two, only keep a common ground) if become unified control, if the actuator that uses two 9 can separately be controlled with 11 form.With Figure 11 difference be the 12 used structures shown in must changing into about Figure 13 bottom of input circuit and earthed circuit.Shoulder is worn for common ground double-screw bolt 13(one in a left side, and another side installs lining 16 additional and replaces shoulder); The steel double-screw bolt 14 that the right side is used for input circuit, the outside isolates (two end nut installation sites do not add insulation) with insulating case 15.To separate two electric currents that input is different, each is connected the input current of bigeminy input circuit by copper bush 16 2 ends with resistor disc, after placing actuator and moving contact, install 8 two in the actuator groove, compress and make two 1 compressions with nut 17 again, its total assembling structure of no solder joint duplex potentiometer that becomes symmetrical double-sided circuit is shown in Figure 13 top.

Above-mentioned switch and potentiometer are the form of linear reciprocation displacement, but also can make the switch or the potentiometer of rotation-swing type of main member moving contact of the present invention in circuit board; As long as in printed board, make a circular hole, circumference is divided into 2 half, boundary except 2 half has the interval of insulation, with half circumference hole wall as switch input circuit fixed endpoint or plate the resistive film of attached potentiometer, second half circumference hole wall constitutes the body of switch or potentiometer as the stiff end of output circuit.The actuator of insulator is made of the round platform of two different-diameters, the round platform and the hole of minor diameter are rotatably assorted, along its diameter pilot hole is set and settles moving contact, its two ends are relative with the hole wall of circuit board, and little frustum cone height is that circuit board thickness adds a thickness that approaches packing ring and adds gap movingly.Large diameter thin round platform is to constitute shoulder at the edge of plate hole one side to make actuator keep the tram; can design amplitude of oscillation position limiting structure on the circumference; another side at plate hole is made cover plate with the diameter insulating thin identical with big round platform; with connector it and roundlet platform being formed concentric integral body deviates to prevent actuator; and can utilize the external control mechanism of connector as rotation, the one side with circuit must add the thin packing ring protective circuit of insulation or resistance not frayed.

Claims (4)

1, switch that the no solder joint of making, nothing are participated in the circuit board or potentiometer replace traditional discrete parts.It is characterized in that: switch or potentiometer body are to make long slot bore or circular hole on circuit board.Extend to stiff end on the hole wall as the fixed contact of switch with controlled circuit, constitute Switch main body; With the output circuit of the resistive film of hole wall one side and opposite side fixedly end face constitute the potentiometer body.Switch or potentiometer are to adopt the control of realization to its function that be shifted in body of the moving contact of metallic conductor.The member that is shifted in body by the external control moving contact is an actuator.Body, moving contact, actuator all belong to main member of the present invention.

2, switch according to claim 1 or potentiometer body is characterized in that directly on circuit board; Potentiometer also can use non-essential resistance sheet and circuit board to constitute the potentiometer body.

3, moving contact according to claim 1 is characterized in that: it is the conductor that axial two ends have elastic telescopic, its external diameter can be free to slide in the pilot hole of actuator, its length should be longer than pilot hole during free state, and its minimum compressed length should be shorter than pilot hole.

4, actuator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: it is to make with insulating material, and its primary structure is the pilot hole structure that vertical two side channel walls are arranged on the body of circuit board slotted hole internal shift, and pilot hole is used to settle moving contact.

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