CN1062255A - A kind of multi-purpose ac control curcuit - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of multi-purpose ac control curcuit method, it can be connected in the single AC power line, constitute multiple alternating-current controller in simple mode, such as a kind of single-wire solid-state delayer, single-wire solid-state Power Regulation time clock, single line photoelectricity automatic switch, single line acoustic control solid-state relay and can respond the single-wire solid-state switch of other physical quantity and the controller of relay or the combination of their multiple use.

Description

A kind of multi-purpose ac control curcuit

The background of invention:

The present invention is a multi-purpose ac control curcuit, for example constitute can adjusting bearing power separately or adjusting the time delayed turn-off time separately of a tandem working in single AC power cord, can make to load on single adjustment button again and set up the Power Regulation time clock of time delayed turn-off time when adjusting power.Common traditional dimmer is made of a two-way thyratron transistor TRIAC and at least one resistance and capacitor.Utilize the method for adjusting the alternating current phase angle to make and obtain an incomplete sinusoidal ac of adjusting in the load, thereby adjust the power and the brightness of lamp, this dimmer is simple and practical because of it, and can only in single power circuit, directly replace a common power switch, easy for installation, low cost of manufacture is used widely.

But in a lot of occasions, the lamp of dimmer has been installed, after wishing to turn off the light, the user can keep one section lighting hours to extinguish automatically again, the user is visible to withdraw from a room to make things convenient for, passageway or preparation are gone to bed, the delayer of increase of will connecting in this dimmer circuit is very difficult, because general electronic type delayer needs two power lines ability operate as normal of alternating current, even can be connected on the single line timer that replaces wall formula installation switch in the single power line for resembling United States Patent (USP) U.S.NO.4494012 described " Switch Timer ", if with the use that is together in series of a common dimmer, because the sinusoidal waveform defective that Principles of Regulation cause alternating current is shifted in light modulation, above-mentioned timer will directly be had influence on, make its cisco unity malfunction, during let alone actual installation, for a lamp, two independent devices of dimmer and delayer are installed in only corresponding switch enclosure hole inadequately on the wall; Moreover, also difficulty is accomplished, require to keep certain brightness-time function relation between a dimmer and a delayer, this relation is actual often needed, for example, the user requires and a light and long time-delay that brightness is high in the time of will be by long corridor, cover long corridor to guarantee that he is visible, and another kind of situation user needs to be adjusted to more weak light again when passing by than the short circuit journey, and require one than short time delay, with saves energy.

In actual demand; also need a kind of multiple automatic switch that can replace the single-phase work of wall formula installation switch; as province's energy automatic switch according to automatic switch lamp a little less than the environmental light intensity; with the remote-controlled power switch of sounds trigger or be used for antitheft and light safeguard protection; sound; thermosensitive control switch etc.; these common class switches mostly need one group of power supply power supply; also promptly need to power with two power lines of alternating current; be not easy to replace on the wall of a control single line switch is installed; thereby versatility is poor; and its complicated circuit structure makes bulky; can't put in the wall formula installing hole box of standard; the switch product of family expenses is harsh especially for the requirement of manufacturing cost; the structure of a complexity will increase cost greatly, make its forfeiture practicality.For example, United States Patent (USP) 4002925 described wall formulas are installed by the automatic time delay adjuster and manual folding lighting device (wall mounted automatic timer and manual on-off light switch) is exactly three arrangements of terminals of needs two a power lines power supply and an output line, can not directly replace the wall type switch that generally only is connected in the single alternating current wires, its complicated structure must need high manufacturing cost again.

United States Patent (USP) 4336464 described Two terminal timed electric switch providing zero off state current flow therethrough can directly seal in the single power line and replace regular tap, yet complicated structure, high manufacturing cost are defectives.In addition, this kind circuit theory is to utilize the method for current signal after the current transformer conversion to keep the work of electronic circuit, when using the electric loading (lamp) of smaller power, a less current can not be kept the operate as normal of system, make this failure of apparatus, limited the scope of application of load.

United States Patent (USP) 4494012 described Switch Timer can be used for replacing in the single line wall type switch, being used to close the light signal delay timing may be effective, but it is not cheap that its cost is still disliked, importantly they all can not have the function of dimmer simultaneously, if increase a dimmer in the line, not only cost greatly increases, and the waveform defective that causes of dimmer will make described Switch Timer cisco unity malfunction as previously mentioned.

United States Patent (USP) 4422018 described Automatic lighting disconnect Timer incorporating an acoustic a bost switch excite with sound and influence a switch delayer, but this kind device is three end devices of need with two power connections and an output line joint, still can not replace mains switch on the wall easily, do not have versatility, and the system complex cost is higher, inconvenience forms a large amount of products for civilian use, directly influences its practicality.

Brief summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to realize the simplest, alternating-current controller cheaply; Another object of the present invention, be realize being connected in the single AC power cord replace easily general mains switch and can be to the multipurpose alternating-current controller of multiple physical quantity sensitivity, another object of the present invention is to realize operating single adjustment element just can adjust bearing power and time simultaneously, and the Power Regulation timing controller that obtains power and have certain functional relation between the time.

These controllers can be that independent time-delay disconnects controller, also can be that Power Regulation timing controller, photoelectric controller, sound excite the physical quantity of controller and other non electrical quantity and its composite controller.

At least one transducer and at least one trigger are arranged in the present invention, described transducer has a signal output part to be connected to described trigger set end, the power supply of described transducer and described trigger all is taken to the control end and the signal common port of a main controllable silicon switching circuit, silicon controlled main rectifier switch and at least one electric loading and an AC power three link becomes a string electricity loop, realizes above-mentioned multiple device with such circuit.

Described silicon controlled main rectifier switching circuit can be an alternating-current switch or the dimmer with bidirectional triode thyristor elements T RIAC, between the second plate of described TRIAC and gate pole, insert an impedance component at least, resistor for example, have a capacitor at least for the purposes that constitutes a dimmer between the TRIAC gate pole and the first anode, the resistance between second plate and gate pole then is an adjustable resistance (potentiometer).For a such SCR AC switch, its gate pole and the first anode are received two an of rectifier bridge respectively and are exchanged arm, one then is described control end in positive and negative two direct current brachium pontis of described rectifier bridge, and another then is described signal common port.

Described silicon controlled main rectifier switching circuit can be that a usefulness unidirectional silicon controlled main rectifier element SCR and a main rectifier bridge link, the anode of described main SCR and negative electrode are attached to respectively on positive and negative two direct current brachium pontis of described main rectifier bridge, two of described main rectifier bridge exchange brachium pontis and at least one electric loading and an AC power and connect to the series electrical loop, the gate pole of described main SCR then is described control end, the negative electrode of described main SCR then is described cold end, connects an impedance component between the anode of described main SCR and gate pole at least.Resistor for example.

Creativeness important in the circuit methods of the present invention is: span at least one transducer from the control end and the signal common port of a silicon controlled main rectifier alternating-current switch, when the variation of non electrical quantity makes the signal of telecommunication of a variation of transducer output to trigger, when making the trigger upset, a Low ESR causes making the silicon controlled main rectifier alternating-current switch control end short circuit of original conducting, reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor is ended, the load dead electricity is turn-offed, and vice versa.Realized controlling the purpose of electric loading and solid-state switch like this with at least one or a plurality of non electrical quantity.Because described trigger and described transducer are connected across between the control end and signal common port of silicon controlled main rectifier switch, for example this silicon controlled main rectifier switch is a bidirectional triode thyristor TRIAC, because TRIAC gate characteristics, when the TRIAC conducting, residual voltage on the TRIAC gate pole (be the second plate voltage of per half period alternating current before the TRIAC conducting through a resistance again by that part of voltage behind the gate pole clamp) is far below the supply voltage that exchanges, therefore take from the power supply that this residual voltage between the gate pole and the first anode is used as control circuit, make the withstand voltage quota of control circuit require to become lower, being different from usual way is to obtain a high voltage that is approximately equal to AC supply voltage on the second plate of TRIAC; So just reduce manufacturing cost, increased element dependability and life-span.For the scheme of utilizing single-phase silicon controlled main rectifier element SCR and main rectifier bridge as the silicon controlled main rectifier switch, above-mentioned narrating characteristic is also identical.

The important creativeness of another of circuit methods of the present invention is: in traditional dimmer circuit when adjusting phase angle the TRIAC gate pole also follow variation with the residual voltage between first anode T1, the present invention just with after residual voltage rectification of this variation as the working power of described trigger and described transducer; Make described transducer and described trigger all make it to work in a complete dynamic state by this discrete and variable direct current pulse power source power supply, when described transducer is an integrator, to carry out a time-voltage transitions, itself have one regular time constant, but because the influence that above-mentioned working power is adjusted by phase angle, the residual voltage of a variation has influenced the time that integrator triggers trigger, thereby the time has been adjusted in the variation of the residual voltage mean value that phase angle change causes when utilizing Power Regulation simultaneously, the final operation sheet of realizing is only adjusted the dual control that button can obtain bearing power (for example lamplight brightness) and turn-off time, and these a lot of just practical matter are needed.For example, in the illumination in the public corridor of part control, before the user need cover longer distance, only need adjust a knob simply, can obtain simultaneously a higher brightness with than switching time of long delay so that his needs; And walk user when need than the short circuit journey, knob of simple adjustment can obtain more weak light and short turning off the light time of delay, can reach its needs, save electric energy, also prevent to go to suddenly the dark outdoor visual discomfort that causes at night from strong lighting.Importantly, as previously mentioned, this kind circuit methods has solved the difficulty that increases a delayer in the dimmer circuit in addition separately, and, dimmer and the synthesizer of delayer are a shared TRIAC and these two the most expensive relative elements of a potentiometer (adjustable resistor), save manufacturing cost greatly, dwindled volume, increased practicality of the present invention.

Another creativeness of the present invention also is: the power supply of described integrator is the residual voltage that is taken on the control end of silicon controlled main rectifier alternating-current switch, the amplitude of its residual voltage is very low under the situation of the big angle of flow of silicon controlled main rectifier, pulsewidth is very narrow, therefore very slow in the formation of integrator capacitor upper integral voltage, the delayer that constitutes with this circuit methods, than much smaller as the power supply of delay circuit in the required time constant of the situation lower integral device that obtains the same delay time with complete sine ac power supply commonly used or DC power supply, in other words, can make the much smaller capacitor of electricity capacity (or than low resistance resistance) further reduce manufacturing cost, also dwindle the volume of element.

The description of figure:

Figure (1a) is the circuit theory diagrams of common TRIAC alternating-current switch; Figure (1b) is the circuit theory diagrams of common the simplest phase shift dimmer; Figure (1c) is the circuit theory diagrams that common modified model adds the practical dimmer of rfi filter;

Figure (2a.b) is the functional-block diagram of multipurpose alternating-current controller of the present invention;

Figure (2c.d) is the another kind of theory diagram and the line map of multipurpose alternating-current controller of the present invention;

Figure (3) is the schematic diagram of the transducer described in the multipurpose alternating-current controller of the present invention;

Figure (3a) is-symbol figure;

Figure (3b) be time-circuit theory diagrams of voltage transitions integrator;

Figure (3c) and figure (3d) are the circuit theory diagrams of optical-electrical converter;

Figure (3e) is the acoustic-electric converter circuit theory diagrams;

Figure (3f) is to use the circuit theory diagrams of transducer of other transducer;

Figure (3g) is the converter circuit schematic diagram of other power generating type transducer;

Figure (4) is the schematic diagram of the trigger described in the multipurpose alternating-current controller of the present invention;

Figure (4a) is-symbol figure;

Figure (4b) is the trigger schematic diagram that utilization thyristor SCR is constituted;

Figure (4c) is the circuit theory diagrams of utilization transistor complementing flip flop;

Figure (4d) is the schematic diagram that the utilization amplifier is made trigger;

Figure (5) is the single line delayer embodiment circuit theory diagrams that multipurpose alternating-current controller of the present invention constitutes;

Figure (6) is the single line light modulation time clock embodiment circuit theory diagrams that multipurpose alternating-current controller of the present invention constitutes;

Figure (7a) is the circuit theory diagrams of the bright mould assembly photoelectricity of the single line automatic switch embodiment of multipurpose alternating-current controller formation of the present invention;

Figure (7b) is the circuit theory diagrams that the single line of multipurpose alternating-current controller formation of the present invention agrees type photoelectricity automatic switch embodiment without prior consultation;

Figure (8a) is the integrated circuit theory diagrams that are encapsulated in an on-chip solid-state alternating-current controller that multipurpose alternating-current controller of the present invention constitutes;

Figure (8b) is that multipurpose alternating-current controller of the present invention constitutes integratedly is encapsulated in a solid-state alternating-current controller circuit diagram of on-chip another kind.

Detailed description of the present invention

Shown in the figure (1a) is a kind of common TRIAC alternating current switching circuit figure, small-sized machine switch (4), by resistor (3) control TRIAC(2) gate current, make TRIAC(2) two anode T1-T2 conducting or disconnections, because load (1) passes through TRIAC(2) two anode T2-T1 connect with power supply, thereby controlled the load start and stop.In electronic technology, usually come switchette (4) in equivalence or the alternate figures (1a), constitute multiduty interchange automatic controller, the start and stop that come control load with multiple non electrical quantity with some electronic circuits.But as can be seen, when P cock (4) disconnects, TRIAC is turn-offed, the alternating voltage one is by load (1), resistance (3) is to P cock (4) upper end, it two is added in the lower end of P cock (4) by T1-G, because this branch road no current passes through, so obtain whole alternating voltages at P cock (4) two ends.If this P cock is to substitute to realize multiduty non electrical quantity control with a semi-conductor electricity electronic circuit, then almost be that whole AC supply voltage all are added in this semiconductor electronic circuit equivalent P cock two ends, therefore, the proof voltage quota of this locational semiconductor switch device must be selected hundreds of volts high tension apparatus, this had both increased manufacturing cost, cause punch through damage again easily, reduced reliability.

Figure (1b) is the circuit diagram of common the simplest phase shift dimmer, wherein (6) are phase shifting capacitors, adjust potentiometer (variable resistor) (5), can change TRIAC(2) the phase angle of gate trigger current, make TRIAC(2) the angle of flow change, thereby make variable power in the load (1).

Figure (1c) is the practical dimmer circuit figure of a kind of common modified model, increase the second phase shift guiding principle network and the diac (9) that constitute by resistance, capacitor among the figure and triggered performance and phase shift range to improve, a kind of rfi filter that filter (11), electric capacity (10), (10 ') constitute.If control above-mentioned dimmer automatically, in the method that adopts usually, be to replace potentiometer (5) among the figure with a semiconductor device with non electrical quantity.As mentioned above, one is approximately equal to the high-tension voltage of AC power and is added on the two ends of (5), has increased the requirement to the semiconductor device electric pressure equally, has increased cost, has reduced reliability.Shown in figure (2a), multipurpose alternating-current controller of the present invention adopts a semiconductor electronic guiding principle network (12) is parallel to TRIAC(2) gate pole G and the way between the 1st anode T1, shown in figure (2b), a non electrical quantity-electric pressure converter (13) can be converted to the variation of a non electrical quantity variation of the signal of telecommunication by electronic circuit and transducer, as if going to trigger one with this signal has the trigger (14) of controllable silicon characteristic, when making its upset, a Low ESR reflexes on the interchange arm of electric bridge by a rectifier bridge (15), because the interchange arm of rectifier bridge is received G and the T1 two ends of figure (1a) or figure (1b) or figure (1c) respectively, this low-impedance incorporating into will make TRIAC(2) the gate current bypass, make TRIAC(2) turn-off, load (1) dead electricity, otherwise when opposite non electrical quantity changes, when making the signal of telecommunication also be inverse variation by the non electrical quantity-electric pressure converter (13) among the figure (2b), trigger (14) reverses again, a high impedance reflexes to it by rectifier bridge (15) and exchanges on the arm, make figure (1a), (1b) or the gate current at G (1c) and T1 two ends not by bypass, TRIAC(2) obtain gate current conducting again, load (1) electric, so just realized the control procedure of a non electrical quantity to alternating current.

Can see from figure (2a), TRIAC(2 no matter) is in conducting or off state, voltage between G-T1 TRIAC(2) is low far beyond AC supply voltage all, therefore, make the semiconductor electronic control circuit (12) among the figure (2a) work under the low voltage all the time, reduce manufacturing cost, increased reliability.

Figure (2c) is the functional-block diagram of the another kind of scheme of multipurpose alternating-current controller of the present invention, figure (2d) is the circuit theory diagrams of another kind of scheme, the interchange brachium pontis of a main rectifier bridge (51) and load and power supply together are connected in the ac power supply circuit, unidirectional controllable silicon S CR(52 of its direct current brachium pontis two ends cross-over connection), its "+" termination SCR anode (A), "-" terminates to SCR negative electrode (K), the indirect impedance component of SCR anode and negative electrode, resistance for example, alternating-current switch (16 ') for this method formation, do not need the circuit (12 ') that inserts a described trigger (14) and described non electrical quantity one voltage transitions (13) directly in parallel with a rectifier bridge again at its control end (gate pole G) and low-voltage end (negative electrode K) two ends, when the variation of accepting a non electrical quantity when non electrical quantity one electric pressure converter (13) makes it change out change in voltage and remove to trigger described trigger (14) and make its upset, also make and see above-mentioned SCR(52) alternating-current switch (16 ') upset, thus controlled the operation of load.

Figure (3) is the schematic diagram of non electrical quantity one electric pressure converter described in the multipurpose alternating-current controller of the present invention, figure (3a) is-symbol figure, (18), (20) be feeder ear, (19) be voltage signal output end, figure (3b) is a simple integral device that is connected in series formation with resistance (22) with capacitor (23), when (18) have voltage with (20) end, (19) one of end output in time and the voltage signal that index rises, if (18), when (20) voltage that applies of two ends was a discrete and discontinuous direct voltage, the voltage rise time on the electric capacity (23) prolonged greatly.Therefore, design on same time electric capacity (23) and obtain same integral voltage value, the capacitance when required capacitance (when resistance (22) is constant) will be much smaller than continuous direct current supply under with discrete DC-voltage supply.So just can select low capacity to hang down voltage-resistant capacitor, reduce manufacturing cost again, and dwindle volume and weight.

Figure (3c) and (3d) be to use light-sensitive device to change the circuit of non electrical quantity, for figure (3c), the illumination of a rising makes (19) end obtain the output voltage of a corresponding rising, and for figure (3d), the illumination of a rising then obtains an opposite output voltage that descends, and the output of (19) end is gone to trigger.Trigger (41) as figure (4); will make figure (2) system produce the dark-hop controller corresponding to figure (3c) and the bright-hop controller of corresponding diagram (3d); thereby realized the Photoelectric Auto Controller of cheap and simple; for example; the controller that is used for electricity-saving lamp; be used for antitheft, fireproof controller, be used for product and count controller with safeguard protection or the like automatically.

Figure (3e) is a transducer (30) that uses acoustoelectric sensor, (32) can be a MICROPHONE or piezoelectric crystal or ceramic member, or amplifier block that has acoustical-electrical transducer accordingly, when this sound-electric type non electrical quantity-electric pressure converter (30) inserts in figure (2) system, a sound trigger switch, a sound that reaches certain sound level makes load instantaneous obtain an alternating current pulse.

Figure (3f) is that for example mistor formula, thermistor-type or the like are the parameter type transducer with the transducer (35) of other parameter type transducer (34) formation.

Figure (3g) is that transducer wherein (37) is as solar silicon photovoltaic cell, electromagnetic induction coil, PZT (piezoelectric transducer) etc. with the transducer (36) of power generating type transducer (37).

Figure (4) is the trigger schematic diagram described in the multipurpose alternating-current controller of the present invention, figure (4a) is-symbol figure.When two ends add supply voltage, changing the state of trigger (41) in trigger voltage signal of (39) end input, cut-off state and low-impedance conducting state that its two states are respectively high impedances in (38), (40).If (38), when (40) two ends add power supply voltage and are a discrete noncontinuity voltage, send into a voltage of opening threshold value that surpasses trigger (41) from (39) end, make its upset conducting immediately, (38), (40) two ends present Low ESR.But when the blackout (or being reduced to enough low) of (39) end, during the discrete voltage zero passage at (38), (40) two ends, trigger (41) automatically resets, and presents high-impedance state.

Figure (4b) is the utilization controllable silicon or allly has silicon controlled similar characteristics circuit (42) and constitute the trigger schematic diagram.Figure (4c) use PNP(44), NPN(45) circuit diagram of the complementing flip flop (46) that constitutes of transistor, also can directly use and be compounded in four layer of three end trigger device formation of a PNP semiconductor on wafer trigger (46).

Figure (4d) is a trigger (47) of doing with amplifier.

It is small that figure (5) has disclosed a volume, simple in structure, cheaply in the enforcement illustration (5) of single line ac delayer load (1) and TRIAC(2) series connection in single AC power cord R, AC power cord other end N receives TRIAC(2) first anode T1, resistance (3) is introduced gate trigger current to G from second plate T2, TRAIC(2), resistance (3) constituted a common SCR AC switch with load (1) and AC power R.N.Certainly the alternating-current switch that also available main SCR constitutes is implemented.

The present invention is at TRIAC(2) gate pole G and first anode T1 between be connected in parallel on two of described rectifier bridge (15) and exchange brachium pontis (～), in (～), the direct current brachium pontis (+) of rectifier bridge (15), (-) receives respectively by complementary two feeder ears that connect a trigger (46) that constitutes of PNP transistor (44) and NPN transistor (45), on the variable resistance (22) that the input of trigger (39) is received described integrator (21) and the interface (19) of capacitor (23), integrator (21) power end is by the direct current brachium pontis power supply of rectifier bridge (15), when system is in initial condition, capacitor (23) sky, (19) terminal voltage equals (20) end, trigger (46) is by being high impedance, and rectifier bridge (15) exchanges arm and also is high impedance.The TRIAC(2 that provides from resistance (3)) gate current is not flowed directly into gate pole G1 by rectifier bridge (15) bypass, TRIAC(2) conducting, load (1) (for example being illuminating lamp) gets electroluminescence, TRIAC(2 when each half period of alternating current begins simultaneously) before the conducting, there is a voltage to be added in gate pole G and upward and by the G-T1 clamp (annotates silicon controlled gate pole clamp characteristic not as a real transistor through resistance (3) from liter above freezing, so the clamp characteristic is weak), when sine wave continues, the gate current that increases makes TRIAC(2) conducting, TRIAC(2) ac high voltage between the T2-T1 disappears, on gate pole, just there is not voltage, the every half cycle of this process all can take place once, when thyristor operating angle is enough big, make each half cycle just can stay the next low and narrow little spike of remaining alternating voltage on gate pole G, rectifier bridge (45) just is rectified into the little spike of these a series of residual voltages a string discrete discontinuous direct current and supplies with integrator (21) and trigger (46) work.This residual voltage is intermittently charged to capacitor (23) by potentiometer (22), because the voltage on (23) is directly inputted to the input (39) of trigger (46), when reaching its activation threshold value, the strong positive feedback of transistor (44) and (45) makes trigger (46) conducting of overturning rapidly, a Low ESR reflexes on the interchange brachium pontis of rectifier bridge (15), originally making TRIAC(2) gate current of conducting is by rectifier bridge (15) bypass, TRIAC(2) turn-off rapidly, load (1) (lamp) is turn-offed, at alternating current weekly during zero passage, though the supply power voltage of trigger (46) is zero passage also, but because capacitor (23) has been filled with electric charge, the electric capacity both end voltage can not be suddenlyd change, and in a single day trigger is triggered, after the every half cycle zero passage of alternating current, all can keep conducting state, keep off state, finish the time delayed turn-off function of whole system thereby kept load (1).The value of adjusting resistance (22) can be adjusted the turn-off time of load (1).Owing to utilized TRIAC(2) gate pole G goes up the trigger voltage that discrete discontinuous residual voltage is set up trigger (46), can be so that the low-voltage capacitor (23) than low capacity obtains than long delay, thereby reduced cost, dwindle volume, realized the turn off delay time device of a low price, high efficiency, small size.

Figure (6) is utilization a kind of light modulation time clock circuit embodiments of the present invention, its principle is similar to figure (5), only be with as the TRIAC(2 of figure (1a)) alternating-current switch changes into the dimmer of (1b), the resistance (3) of figure (5) changes potentiometer (5) into, increased a phase shifting capacitor (6) between G-T1, the potentiometer (22) that to scheme (5) again changes fixed resistance or semifixed resistor (22 ') into, and increase by filter inductance (11) and capacitor (10), the ∏ type radio-frequency filter that (10 ') constitute, elimination TRIAC(2) high order harmonic component that causes is disturbed.

Shown in figure (6), when adjusting potentiometer (5), changed the triggering phase angle of every half period alternating current, make TRIAC(2) acquisition phase shift triggering and conducting, obtain a variable incomplete sinusoidal ac in load (1), thereby change brightness, uniquely creationaryly be, when changing potentiometer (5) resistance, not only adjust load and added rate, and changed the waveform of gate pole residual voltage, amplitude and width, by also having influenced the upward charge rate of capacitor (23) of integrator (21) after rectifier bridge (15) rectification, finally be that the time of time delayed turn-off when adjusting bearing power also obtains to follow adjustment.What is interesting is system, as TRIAC(2 for figure (6)) when being adjusted to the bigger angle of flow, make power increase in the load, at this moment, then also make the delay time lengthening of integrator (21) because the mean value of gate pole circuit residual voltage diminishes; On the contrary, a little angle of flow makes load (1) when weakening power, device is followed simultaneously to transfer and has been lacked the time, therefore, the angle of flow has become a functional relation automatically with the pre-turn-off time, for one with the such light modulation time clock that be used in a public corridor and so on of illuminating lamp as load, wish that after turning off the light lamp still leaves certain hour and the longer distance of user's walking is left in brightness for, then wish to have higher brightness and long turning off the light to set aside some time, if the user only need walk than the short circuit journey, then device can provide more weak brightness and short time again simultaneously, and because this device only need be adjusted a common knob, just the same with traditional dimmer operation, can kill two birds with one stone, do not change custom, easy to use.Certainly, in the time of if desired, also fixed resistance (22) can be used instead a potentiometer or semifixed resistor (22 '), can revise the extra time like this to adapt to actual needs widely.

Figure (7a) is the circuit diagram of the bright mould assembly photoelectricity automatic switch that is made of the present invention, light-sensitive element (29) in the wherein said transducer (27) can be a photodiode, it also can be a phototriode, light sensors such as photo resistance, when it is subjected to rayed, its impedance reduces, during to certain illumination, trigger (46) ends, and sports high impedance from Low ESR, and rectifier bridge (15) also is high anti-attitude, gate trigger current from resistance (3) is no longer by bypass, inflow TRIAC(2) gate pole (G), TRIAC(2) conducting, load (1); Vice versa, constitutes the then logical bright mould assembly automatic switch of an illumination.

The principle of figure (7b) is similar to figure (7a), only the light-sensitive element (25) in the transducer (24) is the reversed position of figure (7a) with resistance (26), thereby obtain a switching off load when being subjected to illumination, unglazed according to the time open load what is called agree the type automatic switch without prior consultation.The circuit diagram of figure shown in (8a) is that the present invention is integrated and be encapsulated on the substrate, constitutes a multiduty solid-state alternating-current controller (49), and this simple IC only external a little element of need can constitute the automatic controller of multiple practicability neatly.In this IC, main TRIAC(2) T1, T2, three electrodes of G all are drawn out to the outside, the feeder ear (38) of trigger (46), ground end (40) and input (39) are also guided to the outside, trigger (46) still is connected on the direct current brachium pontis of rectifier bridge (15), two of rectifier bridge (15) exchanges brachium pontis and is connected to TRIA(2 respectively) gate pole (G) and first anode T1, figure (8b) is with a main SCR(52) replace TRIAC(2 with a main rectifier bridge (51)) and the another kind of solid-state multipurpose alternating-current controller circuit theory diagrams of rectifier bridge (15), two of a main rectifier bridge (51) exchanges the T1-T2 that brachium pontis is equivalent to the TRIAC among the figure (8a), be connected in the AC power line as alternating-current switch with load, (+) in two direct current brachium pontis of main rectifier bridge (51) meets a main SCR(52) anode (A), its direct current brachium pontis (-) is received main SCR(52) negative electrode K, the G of main SCR and K distinguish the direct current brachium pontis (+) in the original rectifier bridge (15) of equivalence, (-), the power supply side that is connected in trigger and transducer with " " end.

With the above embodiment that the present invention constituted common characteristic is arranged all:

1. connect with load and work in the single line incoming transport power supply, can directly replace the common power switch easily;

2. a dimmer and a delayer share a silicon controlled main rectifier and a potentiometer, save cost greatly, make simple in structurely, with low cost, and volume is little, is convenient to large-scale production;

3. the technical technical barrier that has solved the delayer cisco unity malfunction of access of in the dimmer single line, connecting again;

4. the other electron component except that TRIAC all works in low-voltage state, has reduced cost, has dwindled volume, has increased long-term dependability;

5. the discrete residual voltage of utilizing the control of silicon controlled main rectifier alternating-current switch extremely to go up formation is supplied with integrator and trigger power supply, can realize not changing use habit only adjusts single knob and can obtain power, time simultaneously and follow dual adjustment effect, and power and time form certain functional relation automatically, convenient and practical, can in traditional SCR AC switch or dimmer, install this function easily additional;

6. utilize residual voltage discrete on the silicon controlled main rectifier switch control end to supply with the integrator power supply, make low capacity low-voltage capacitor obtain further to provide cost savings, dwindled volume, increased reliability and useful life than long delay.

Claims (17)

1, a kind of multi-purpose ac control curcuit, comprise the silicon controlled main rectifier switching circuit that to adjust the conducting phase angle, at least one electric loading and an AC power, and electric loop by their connect in series, it is characterized in that, has a trigger at least, has a transducer at least, the feeder ear of described transducer with " " end and the feeder ear of described trigger with " " the end signal output part that is attached to the control end of corresponding silicon controlled main rectifier switching circuit and signal common port～described transducer respectively is connected to the input of described trigger, control end from a kind of from the silicon controlled main rectifier switching circuit and signal common port are obtained one can make described transducer and described flip-flop operation at full dynamical state as power supply with the discrete residual voltage of conducting phase angle change, and makes silicon controlled main rectifier alternating-current switch and load be subjected to the circuit methods of input variable control;

2, multipurpose AC control circuit according to claim 1, wherein said trigger by at least one feeder ear, one " " end and at least one input, when its input adds that one is the Low ESR conducting state above triggering the promptly rapid upset of " opening " threshold level signal, and promptly being reversed to high-impedance off-state electronic circuit formation rapidly when the triggering level signal of described input is lower than " a passs " threshold level, described trigger input is attached to the electrical signal of described transducer;

3, multipurpose AC control circuit according to claim 1, the control end of wherein said silicon controlled main rectifier switching circuit and signal common port are respectively two direct current brachium pontis that are connected a rectifier bridge between a bidirectional triode thyristor elements T RIAC gate pole and the first anode, two of described rectifier bridge exchange brachium pontis and are connected to respectively on the gate pole and the first anode of TRIAC, has a resistor between the second plate of silicon controlled main rectifier and gate pole at least, can be connected capacitor between gate pole and the first anode, the feeder ear of described transducer with " " end be connected respectively on the positive and negative two direct current brachium pontis of described rectifier bridge, the feeder ear of described trigger with " " end also just be connected to described rectifier bridge respectively, on the negative two direct current brachium pontis, the signal output part of described transducer is connected to the input of described trigger;

4, multipurpose AC control circuit according to claim 1, the control end of wherein said silicon controlled main rectifier switching circuit and signal common port are respectively gate pole and the negative electrodes of a unidirectional silicon controlled main rectifier element SCR, the anode of described SCR just is being attached to a main rectifier bridge respectively with cloudy connecing, on negative two direct current arms, be connected at least one main anti-element between its anode and gate pole, two interchange brachium pontis of described main rectifier bridge are connected with AC power with at least one electric loading and are connected to an electric loop, the feeder ear of described at least one transducer with " " end be connected respectively on the gate pole and negative electrode of SCR, the feeder ear of described trigger with " " end be connected to respectively on the gate pole and negative electrode of SCR, the signal output part of described transducer is connected on the input of described trigger;

5, multipurpose AC control circuit according to claim 2, wherein said trigger is two complementing flip flops that extremely inverse parallel constitutes between the electricity knot by at least one PNP semiconductor transistor and at least one NPN semiconductor transistor, connecting end points mutually from one of them transistor base and another transistor collector draws as input, be attached to the signal output terminal of described transducer, one of them is attached at the feeder ear of described trigger the emitter of the emitter of described PNP semiconductor transistor and NPN semiconductor transistor, another then is attached at " " end, at least one resistor can be connected in parallel on the emitter junction of semiconductor transistor;

6, multipurpose AC control circuit according to claim 2, wherein said trigger is to be made of as trigger at least one amplifier, the input of the trigger that described amplifier is done with " " end is connected respectively to the input of described trigger, feeder ear with " " on, its input is received on the signal output part of described transducer;

7, multipurpose AC control circuit according to claim 2, wherein said trigger is made of at least one one-way SCR element, described one-way SCR gate pole is received on the signal output part of described transducer, the feeder ear that its anode and negative electrode be corresponding respectively receives described transducer with " " end;

8, the wherein said transducer of multipurpose AC control circuit according to claim 1 is made of at least one parameter type transducer and the binding of at least one resistor, the node of described resistor and transducer is a signal output part, the other end of described resistor is a feeder ear, the other end of described transducer be " " end, its signal output part is received the input of described trigger;

9, multipurpose AC control circuit according to claim 8, wherein said transducer is an integrating circuit that is made of at least one resistance and at least one capacitor, the connecting end of described resistance and described capacitor is received on the input of described trigger, the other end of described resistance is as a feeder ear of described integrator, the other end of described capacitor as described integrator " " end;

10, multipurpose AC control circuit according to claim 8, wherein said transducer is connected with at least one resistance by at least one photoelectric sensor and is constituted, the point of contact of described photoelectric sensor and described resistance is attached on the input of described trigger, the other end of described light sensor is as a feeder ear, the other end of described resistance as " " end;

11, multipurpose AC control circuit according to claim 8, wherein said transducer is connected with at least one light-sensitive element by at least one resistance and is constituted, the node of described resistance and described light-sensitive element is drawn as signal output part, the other end of described resistance is as feeder ear, the other end of described light-sensitive element as " " end;

12, multipurpose AC control circuit according to claim 1, wherein said transducer is made of at least one power generating type transducer, described transducer one termination power " " end, the input of the described trigger of its another termination;

13, multipurpose AC control circuit according to claim 12, wherein said power generating type transducer is made of at least one sound-electric inverting element, one of described sound-electric transition element terminates on the input of described trigger, its other end conduct " " end;

14, multipurpose AC control circuit according to claim 12, wherein said power generating type transducer, at least can accept change magnetic flux by one and the inductance coil of signal induced electricity constitutes, one of described inductance coil terminates to the input of described trigger, its other end receive " " end;

15, multipurpose AC control circuit according to claim 9, wherein said integrator are to replace described resistor to constitute the integrator of a variable time constant by at least one potentiometer (variable resistance);

16, according to claim 1 and 3 described multipurpose AC control circuit, wherein said trigger feeder ear and " " end be connected respectively on two direct current brachium pontis of corresponding described rectifier bridge, two of described rectifier bridge exchange brachium pontis and are parallel to respectively between the gate pole and the first anode of main TRIAC, described trigger, described rectifier bridge, the circuit that main TRIAC is coupled to it is integrated to be encapsulated on the substrate first anode of main TRIAC, second plate, gate pole, the feeder ear of described trigger, " hold ", input is connected to respectively on the corresponding leading foot of IC;

17, according to claim 1 and the 4 described AC control circuit of using more, the feeder ear of wherein said trigger with " " end be attached to respectively on the gate pole and negative electrode of a unidirectional silicon controlled main rectifier element SCR, the anode of described unidirectional main SCR and negative electrode are corresponding respectively just to be attached to a main rectifier bridge, on the negative two direct current brachium pontis, two of described main rectifier bridge exchange brachium pontis, the negative electrode of described main SCR and gate pole, the feeder ear of described trigger, " " hold with input and draw on the corresponding leading foot that is attached to IC described trigger respectively, described main rectifier bridge is encapsulated on the substrate with its circuit is integrated.

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