CN106222545A - A kind of stainless preparation method of high nitrogen alloy - Google Patents
A kind of stainless preparation method of high nitrogen alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN106222545A CN106222545A CN201610775426.3A CN201610775426A CN106222545A CN 106222545 A CN106222545 A CN 106222545A CN 201610775426 A CN201610775426 A CN 201610775426A CN 106222545 A CN106222545 A CN 106222545A
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- steel
- nitrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of stainless preparation method of high nitrogen alloy, by adding the nitro-alloys such as molybdenum nitride, silicon nitride, chromium nitride, nickel oxide in steel, the proportionate relationship of chromium element in regulation steel, simultaneously by special processing technique, rustless steel is processed into martensite 23 grades, troostite is less than or equal to 1 grade, not only has good intensity and hardness, but also has at a relatively high toughness and plasticity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to steel technical field of smelting, especially, relate to a kind of stainless preparation method of high nitrogen alloy.
Background technology
Since the research of late 1980s high nitrogen stainless steel is by the attention on international metallurgical boundary, international metallurgical bound pair
The research of high nitrogen steel deep people more comprehensively, the theory and practice of high nitrogen stainless steel has had bigger development.Various countries' metallurgy work simultaneously
Author's exchange and cooperation in high nitrogen steel field are more extensive, and holding as scheduled of international high nitrogen steel meeting is exactly various countries' metallurgy work
One stage of person's mutual cross streams high nitrogen steel achievement in research.The most new international high nitrogen steel meeting in 2004 is held in Belgium,
Indicate the latest development of international high nitrogen steel research.2006, international high nitrogen steel meeting will be held in China, for China's high nitrogen steel
The development of research creates a unprecedented chance.
Owing to being limited by rig for testing, the research of domestic high nitrogen steel has lagged far behind world many countries.Closely
Nian Lai, domestic many colleges and universities, the metallargist of research institution show great interest to the research of high nitrogen steel, in succession carry out
The research of high nitrogen steel.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim at providing a kind of stainless preparation method of high nitrogen alloy, to solve technical problem.
A kind of stainless preparation method of high nitrogen alloy, comprises the following steps:
A, steel being sequentially placed into electric arc furnace smelting, then refining furnace is smelted, and last vacuum pressed electroslag furnace is smelted；
B, use medium-frequency heating coil to rustless steel heat steel under hydrogen, nitrogen mixture gas protection, add molybdenum nitride, nitridation
Silicon, chromium nitride, nickel oxide, use the mode of open die forging to forge；
C, hydrogen, nitrogen mixture gas protection under carry out salt bath martensite quench, temper.
Preferably, in described high nitrogen stainless steel, the percentage by weight of each element is as follows:
Carbon 0.25-0.35%
Silicon 0.5-1%
Chromium 15-17%
Molybdenum 0.9-1.1%
Nickel 0.6-1.0%
Nitrogen 0.3-0.5%
Phosphorus 0-0.015%
Sulfur 0-0.005%
Oxygen 0-10ppm
Hydrogen 0-1ppm
Iron surplus.
Preferably, in described step C, hardening heat is 825-835 DEG C, and temperature is 155-165 DEG C.
Common stainless steel typically contains the noble metal (such as nickel, molybdenum etc.) of high level, or containing rare earth metal, wherein your gold
Belonging to storage rare, price is higher, the most precious, and has severe toxicity to human body, and the extraction of rare earth is very serious to the pollution of environment,
It is unfavorable for using in a large number；So high strength steel needs one both the most harmless the most nontoxic, the not production with welding as cost
Mode.
The design considerations of the inventive method is:
C:C is one of constituent element in steel.In this low Ni sulfuration resistant corrosion rustless steel, the control of C amount is to ensure that alloy obtains
The corrosion resistance arrived, prevents C with Cr in steel from forming the too much consumption Cr of compound and reducing corrosion resistance, and phosphorus content is too low, material
Corrosion resistance will be improved, but intensity and hardness can be not；Phosphorus content is too high, and the corrosion resistance of material can decline.
Cr: chromium is the corrosion proof important element improving steel.In 304 conventional rustless steels, chrome content is about 18%.This
Inventing low Ni sulfuration resistant corrosion rustless steel selects chromium content to be between 15-17%.Cr has strong deactivation effect, in material surface shape
Become fine and close passivating film, it is ensured that the corrosion resistance of steel and thermostability.Because too low chrome content is unfavorable to the corrosion resistance of material；And it is inclined
High chromium content can improve cost.The additionally selection of chrome content chromium to be taken into account amount and the Proper Match of carbon amounts.
Si: having solution strengthening, improve thermostability, corrosion resistance effect, but Si easily makes alloy embrittlement, amount is unsuitable too many, should not
More than 1.0%.
N: add N element and may replace part Ni, while being significantly reduced to this, Austenite Morphology is processed as geneva
Body, troostite is less than or equal to 1 grade, not only has good intensity and hardness, but also have at a relatively high toughness and plasticity.
The basic component of Ni: austenitic stainless steel, strong austenite former.Measured reduce at least anti-corrosion
Property, cross and increase cost at most.
P, S and other metals and nonmetalloid: P can cause hot-short, and S easily causes cold short.Other metals and nonmetal unit
Element is the most all as impurity, and its amount need to strictly control.
The method have the advantages that the stainless preparation method of high nitrogen alloy of the present invention, by steel
Adding the nitro-alloys such as molybdenum nitride, silicon nitride, chromium nitride, nickel oxide, in regulation steel, the proportionate relationship of chromium element, passes through simultaneously
Special processing technique, is processed into martensite 2-3 level by rustless steel, and troostite is less than or equal to 1 grade, not only has good intensity
And hardness, but also there is at a relatively high toughness and plasticity.
It is many that martensite has the reason of high rigidity and high intensity, mainly includes that solution strengthening, phase transformation are strong
Change, ageing strengthening and intercrystalline strengthening etc..(1) solution strengthening.First it is the carbon solution strengthening to martensite.The gap of satiety is former
Sub-carbon causes the square distortion of lattice in a phase lattice, forms a strong stress field.This stress field and dislocation occur strong
Exchange interaction, hinder dislocation motion thus improve hardness and the intensity of martensite.(2) phase transformation strengthening.Next to that phase transformation is strong
Change.During martensite transfor mation, in lattice, cause the substructure that lattice defect density is the highest, such as the position of lath martensite middle-high density
Twin etc. in mistake, lamellar martensite, these defects all hinder the motion of dislocation so that martensite strengthening.Here it is it is so-called
Phase transformation strengthening.It is demonstrated experimentally that the yield strength without carbon martensite is about 284Mpa, the surrender ferritic with working hardening of this value is strong
Spend very close to, and the ferritic yield strength of annealed condition is only 98-137Mpa, this just explanation phase transformation strengthening make yield strength carry
High 147-186MPa.(3) ageing strengthening.Ageing strengthening is also an important intensifying factor.After martensite is formed, due to
The point Ms of general steel is at greatly more than room temperature, therefore in quenching process and when room temperature stops, or under external force,
Self tempering can occur.I.e. segregation through diffusion or carbide at the atom dispiration of carbon atom and alloying element and other crystal defect
Disperse educt, anchoring dislocation, make dislocation be difficult to move, thus cause the ageing strengthening of martensite.(4) original austenite grains is big
Little and that lath martensite Shu great little is on martensite intensity impact.Original austenite grains size and the size of lath martensite bundle
Martensite intensity is also had certain impact.Original austenite grains is the most tiny, martensite packets is the least, then martensite intensity is more
High.This is the martensite strengthening hindering the motion of dislocation to cause due to boundary.
In addition to objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention also has other objects, features and advantages.
The present invention is further detailed explanation below.
Detailed description of the invention
Hereinafter embodiments of the invention are described in detail, but the present invention can limit according to claim and cover
Multitude of different ways implement.
Embodiment 1
A kind of stainless preparation method of high nitrogen alloy, comprises the following steps:
A, steel being sequentially placed into electric arc furnace smelting, then refining furnace is smelted, and last vacuum pressed electroslag furnace is smelted；
B, use medium-frequency heating coil to rustless steel heat steel under hydrogen, nitrogen mixture gas protection, add molybdenum nitride, nitridation
Silicon, chromium nitride, nickel oxide, use the mode of open die forging to forge；
C, hydrogen, nitrogen mixture gas protection under carry out salt bath martensite quench, temper；
In described high nitrogen stainless steel, the percentage by weight of each element is as follows:
Carbon 0.3%
Silicon 0.7%
Chromium 16%
Nickel 0.8%
Molybdenum 1.0%
Nitrogen 0.35%
Iron surplus；
In described step C, hardening heat is 830 DEG C, and temperature is 160 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
A kind of stainless preparation method of high nitrogen alloy, comprises the following steps:
A, steel being sequentially placed into electric arc furnace smelting, then refining furnace is smelted, and last vacuum pressed electroslag furnace is smelted；
B, use medium-frequency heating coil to rustless steel heat steel under hydrogen, nitrogen mixture gas protection, add molybdenum nitride, nitridation
Silicon, chromium nitride, nickel oxide, use the mode of open die forging to forge；
C, hydrogen, nitrogen mixture gas protection under carry out salt bath martensite quench, temper；
Preferably, in described high nitrogen stainless steel, the percentage by weight of each element is as follows:
Carbon 0.32%
Silicon 0.8%
Chromium 15.5%
Molybdenum 0.9%
Nickel 0.7%
Nitrogen 0.4%
Phosphorus 0.01%
Sulfur 0.002%
Oxygen 5ppm
Hydrogen 0.5ppm
Iron surplus；
In described step C, hardening heat is 830 DEG C, and temperature is 160 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
A kind of stainless preparation method of high nitrogen alloy, comprises the following steps:
A, steel being sequentially placed into electric arc furnace smelting, then refining furnace is smelted, and last vacuum pressed electroslag furnace is smelted；
B, use medium-frequency heating coil to rustless steel heat steel under hydrogen, nitrogen mixture gas protection, add molybdenum nitride, nitridation
Silicon, chromium nitride, nickel oxide, use the mode of open die forging to forge；
C, hydrogen, nitrogen mixture gas protection under carry out salt bath martensite quench, temper；
Preferably, in described high nitrogen stainless steel, the percentage by weight of each element is as follows:
Carbon 0.35%
Silicon 0.5%
Chromium 17%
Molybdenum 0.6%
Nickel 0.03%
Nitrogen 0.5%
Phosphorus 0.015%
Sulfur 0.001%
Oxygen 10ppm
Hydrogen 0.1ppm
Iron surplus；
In described step C, hardening heat is 835 DEG C, and temperature is 155 DEG C.
Embodiment 4
A kind of stainless preparation method of high nitrogen alloy, comprises the following steps:
A, steel being sequentially placed into electric arc furnace smelting, then refining furnace is smelted, and last vacuum pressed electroslag furnace is smelted；
B, use medium-frequency heating coil to rustless steel heat steel under hydrogen, nitrogen mixture gas protection, add molybdenum nitride, nitridation
Silicon, chromium nitride, nickel oxide, use the mode of open die forging to forge；
C, hydrogen, nitrogen mixture gas protection under carry out salt bath martensite quench, temper；
In described high nitrogen stainless steel, the percentage by weight of each element is as follows:
Carbon 0.25%
Silicon 1%
Chromium 15%
Molybdenum 1.1%
Nickel 1.0%
Nitrogen 0.3%
Phosphorus 0.001%
Sulfur 0.005%
Oxygen 1ppm
Hydrogen 1ppm
Iron surplus；
In described step C, hardening heat is 825 DEG C, and temperature is 165 DEG C.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.All within the spirit and principles in the present invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the stainless preparation method of high nitrogen alloy, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
A, steel being sequentially placed into electric arc furnace smelting, then refining furnace is smelted, and last vacuum pressed electroslag furnace is smelted；
B, use medium-frequency heating coil to rustless steel heat steel under hydrogen, nitrogen mixture gas protection, add molybdenum nitride, nitridation
Silicon, chromium nitride, nickel oxide, use the mode of open die forging to forge；
C, hydrogen, nitrogen mixture gas protection under carry out salt bath martensite quench, temper.
2. the stainless preparation method of high nitrogen alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the percentage by weight of each element
As follows:
Carbon 0.25-0.35%
Silicon 0.5-1%
Chromium 15-17%
Molybdenum 0.9-1.1%
Nickel 0.6-1.0%
Nitrogen 0.3-0.5%
Phosphorus 0-0.015%
Sulfur 0-0.005%
Oxygen 0-10ppm
Hydrogen 0-1ppm
Iron surplus.
3. the stainless preparation method of high nitrogen alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step C, quenching
Temperature is 825-835 DEG C, and temperature is 155-165 DEG C.
4. the stainless preparation method of high nitrogen alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
A, steel being sequentially placed into electric arc furnace smelting, then refining furnace is smelted, and last vacuum pressed electroslag furnace is smelted；
B, use medium-frequency heating coil to rustless steel heat steel under hydrogen, nitrogen mixture gas protection, add molybdenum nitride, nitridation
Silicon, chromium nitride, nickel oxide, use the mode of open die forging to forge；
C, hydrogen, nitrogen mixture gas protection under carry out salt bath martensite quench, temper；
In described high nitrogen stainless steel, the percentage by weight of each element is as follows:
Carbon 0.3%
Silicon 0.7%
Chromium 16%
Molybdenum 1.0%
Nickel 0.8%
Nitrogen 0.35%
Iron surplus；
In described step C, hardening heat is 830 DEG C, and temperature is 160 DEG C.
5. the stainless preparation method of high nitrogen alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
A, steel being sequentially placed into electric arc furnace smelting, then refining furnace is smelted, and last vacuum pressed electroslag furnace is smelted；
B, use medium-frequency heating coil to rustless steel heat steel under hydrogen, nitrogen mixture gas protection, add molybdenum nitride, nitridation
Silicon, chromium nitride, nickel oxide, use the mode of open die forging to forge；
C, hydrogen, nitrogen mixture gas protection under carry out salt bath martensite quench, temper；
Preferably, in described high nitrogen stainless steel, the percentage by weight of each element is as follows:
Carbon 0.32%
Silicon 0.8%
Chromium 15.5%
Molybdenum 0.9%
Nickel 0.7%
Nitrogen 0.4%
Phosphorus 0.01%
Sulfur 0.002%
Oxygen 5ppm
Hydrogen 0.5ppm
Iron surplus；
In described step C, hardening heat is 830 DEG C, and temperature is 160 DEG C.
6. the stainless preparation method of high nitrogen alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
A, steel being sequentially placed into electric arc furnace smelting, then refining furnace is smelted, and last vacuum pressed electroslag furnace is smelted；
B, use medium-frequency heating coil to rustless steel heat steel under hydrogen, nitrogen mixture gas protection, add molybdenum nitride, nitridation
Silicon, chromium nitride, nickel oxide, use the mode of open die forging to forge；
C, hydrogen, nitrogen mixture gas protection under carry out salt bath martensite quench, temper；
Preferably, in described high nitrogen stainless steel, the percentage by weight of each element is as follows:
Carbon 0.35%
Silicon 0.5%
Chromium 17%
Molybdenum 0.6%
Nickel 0.03%
Nitrogen 0.5%
Phosphorus 0.015%
Sulfur 0.001%
Oxygen 10ppm
Hydrogen 0.1ppm
Iron surplus；
In described step C, hardening heat is 835 DEG C, and temperature is 155 DEG C.
7. the stainless preparation method of high nitrogen alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
A, steel being sequentially placed into electric arc furnace smelting, then refining furnace is smelted, and last vacuum pressed electroslag furnace is smelted；
B, use medium-frequency heating coil to rustless steel heat steel under hydrogen, nitrogen mixture gas protection, add molybdenum nitride, nitridation
Silicon, chromium nitride, nickel oxide, use the mode of open die forging to forge；
C, hydrogen, nitrogen mixture gas protection under carry out salt bath martensite quench, temper；
In described high nitrogen stainless steel, the percentage by weight of each element is as follows:
Carbon 0.25%
Silicon 1%
Chromium 15%
Molybdenum 1.1%
Nickel 1.0%
Nitrogen 0.3%
Phosphorus 0.001%
Sulfur 0.005%
Oxygen 1ppm
Hydrogen 1ppm
Iron surplus；
In described step C, hardening heat is 825 DEG C, and temperature is 165 DEG C.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110499475A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-11-26 | 广东省材料与加工研究所 | A kind of austenitic heat-resistance steel and its preparation method and application |
| CN112281049A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-01-29 | 浙江宝武钢铁有限公司 | Preparation method of non-magnetic high-nitrogen stainless steel |
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Application publication date: 20161214 |