CN106221822A - 降低颗粒物排放的醇基燃料 - Google Patents

降低颗粒物排放的醇基燃料 Download PDF

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CN106221822A
CN106221822A CN201610869802.5A CN201610869802A CN106221822A CN 106221822 A CN106221822 A CN 106221822A CN 201610869802 A CN201610869802 A CN 201610869802A CN 106221822 A CN106221822 A CN 106221822A
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蒙呈星
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Guangxi Tonki Energy Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于燃料技术领域，特别涉及一种降低颗粒物排放的醇基燃料，由以下重量份的原料制成：甲醇68～92份，柴油16～34份，硝酸戊酯0.7～1.9份，己二酸二异壬酯0.2～1.4份，丁二酰亚胺0.02～0.14份，二甲基甲酰胺0.3～1.5份，2，6‑二叔丁基对甲酚0.1～1.3份，乙二醇0.01～0.07份，单硬脂酸甘油酯0.03～0.15份，燃烧促进剂0.1～1.3份。本发明的降低颗粒物排放的醇基燃料具有清净，抗氧化，助燃，分散，提高十六烷值作用，燃烧性能好，可显著降低颗粒物排放，节能环保。

Description

降低颗粒物排放的醇基燃料
技术领域
本发明属于燃料技术领域，特别涉及一种降低颗粒物排放的醇基燃料。
背景技术
石油作为一种不可再生资源，过度的开发和使用，特别在车用燃料上的使用，已经造成环境的严重污染，如果以目前的消耗速度计算在不久的将来石油资源会消耗殆尽。在目前的严峻形势下，如何节省柴油，减少柴油燃烧排放物对环境的污染，成为本领域的热点。
目前，机动车辆尾气排放已成为世界各大城市的主要污染源。而汽车发动机随着车辆的持续运行，会不知不觉的在发动机内部的节气门体、喷油嘴、气缸等部门产生油泥、积碳等影响汽车正常运行的物质。如果忽略油泥和积碳的存在，他们慢慢吞噬发动机动力，降低燃油经济性，增加污染环境的物质排放，并可导致一系列的发动机故障。
为了解决上述问题，市面上推出多种燃油添加剂，汽车功能助剂可以保护发动机的燃油系统、进气系统、润滑系统等部位，让发动机发挥持续的、可信赖的性能，通过清除积碳、油泥，可以提升动力，节省燃油，降低噪音，减少环境污染、降低因燃油导致的发动机故障。但现有的燃油功能助剂有些虽能在一定程度上改善柴油在内燃机中的燃烧性能，但会造成内燃机生锈、积碳严重，大大降低内燃机的正常运行，且同样污染环境；有些虽能减少环境污染，但却并不能很好的提高柴油在内燃机中的燃烧效率，造成油耗增加；有些即便能提高柴油在内燃机中的燃烧效率并对环境污染有所改善，但效果也并不是很理想，且使用的原料成本较高、制作工艺较为复杂。
因此研究开发一种降低颗粒物排放的醇基燃料变得非常重要和必要。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供降低颗粒物排放的醇基燃料，该燃料具有清净，抗氧化，助燃，分散，提高十六烷值作用，燃烧性能好，可显著降低颗粒物排放，节能环保。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
本发明提供降低颗粒物排放的醇基燃料，由以下重量份的原料制成：甲醇68～92份，柴油16～34份，硝酸戊酯0.7～1.9份，己二酸二异壬酯0.2～1.4份，丁二酰亚胺0.02～0.14份，二甲基甲酰胺0.3～1.5份，2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.1～1.3份，乙二醇0.01～0.07份，单硬脂酸甘油酯0.03～0.15份，燃烧促进剂0.1～1.3份。
本发明所述的燃烧促进剂为8～20重量份二戊铁，5～17重量份碳酸二甲酯和1～7重量份2-甲基丁烷的混合物。燃烧促进剂能促使燃料迅速、完全地燃烧，提高热效率，从而降低油耗、减少燃烧室内的积炭和顶部活塞环的结焦。
优选地，本发明所述的降低颗粒物排放的醇基燃料，由以下重量份的原料制成：甲醇72～88份，柴油19～31份，硝酸戊酯0.9～1.7份，己二酸二异壬酯0.4～1.2份，丁二酰亚胺0.04～0.12份，二甲基甲酰胺0.5～1.3份，2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.3～1.1份，乙二醇0.02～0.06份，单硬脂酸甘油酯0.05～0.13份，燃烧促进剂0.3～1.1份。
更优选地，本发明所述的降低颗粒物排放的醇基燃料，由以下重量份的原料制成：甲醇80份，柴油25份，硝酸戊酯1.3份，己二酸二异壬酯0.8份，丁二酰亚胺0.08份，二甲基甲酰胺0.9份，2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.7份，乙二醇0.04份，单硬脂酸甘油酯0.09份，燃烧促进剂0.7份。
优选地，本发明所述的燃烧促进剂为10～18重量份二戊铁，7～15重量份碳酸二甲酯和2～6重量份2-甲基丁烷的混合物。
更优选地，本发明所述的燃烧促进剂为14重量份二戊铁，11重量份碳酸二甲酯和4重量份2-甲基丁烷的混合物。
本发明的有益效果在于：
1、本发明的硝酸戊酯和己二酸二异壬酯可提十六烷值，提高燃料的着火特性，改善燃料冷启动问题，降低燃烧噪音，SOx、NOx等有害气体排放降低。
2、本发明的丁二酰亚胺、二甲基甲酰胺和乙二醇具有清净的作用，可有效清除喷嘴积碳，确保良好的雾化性能，并保持发动机性能以及排放水平。清净剂可有效清除喷嘴积碳，确保良好的雾化性能，并保持发动机性能以及排放水平。
3、本发明的2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚具有抗氧化作用，防止燃料在贮存过程中氧化生成的胶质沉渣，在使用过程中溶在燃料中的胶质因燃料汽化与雾化而沉积吸入系统，影响发动机的正常运转，改善燃料的贮存稳定性。
4、本发明的单硬脂酸甘油酯和乙二醇具有分散作用，使不溶性物质在燃料中保持分散悬浮状态，以免在发动机的关键部位行成漆状沉积物，同时也能保证燃烧性能良好，降低排气量，减少污染。
5、本发明的二甲基甲酰胺、己二酸二异壬酯和单硬脂酸甘油酯起到良好的润滑作用，保护发动机设备，节约发动机燃油，同时也有利于燃料充分燃烧减少尾气排放量。
6、本发明的原料协同作用，耐寒耐热稳定性好，具有良好助溶性，还具有消烟和抗腐蚀的作用，可有效解决橡胶溶胀问题，有效防止甲醇燃料对汽车供油系统的材料如橡胶、塑料等具有溶胀和龟裂作用，影响材料的使用性能。
7、本发明的燃料的成本低、安全可靠、适用范围广，无需改装汽车发动机，可直接替代燃料，且尾气排放量远低于标准，具有优异性能，经测验，存放至少18个月不分层，不变质；-35～60℃，5h互溶不分层；燃料热值较柴油提高850～1250大卡/公斤；铜片腐蚀(50℃，3h)为1a级；十六烷值较柴油提高7～10个单位；尾气中的CO、HC、NOX和颗粒物较使用柴油排放分别降低43～60％、37～64％、44～76％、58～81％，经计算，可节约成本32.2％～37.3％，抗水性达35％～40％。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明，但本发明并不局限于这些实施例。
实施例1
降低颗粒物排放的醇基燃料，由以下重量份的原料制成(室温下，搅拌均匀即可)：甲醇68份，柴油34份，硝酸戊酯0.7份，己二酸二异壬酯1.4份，丁二酰亚胺0.02份，二甲基甲酰胺1.5份，2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.1份，乙二醇0.07份，单硬脂酸甘油酯0.03份，燃烧促进剂1.3份；所述的燃烧促进剂为8重量份二戊铁，17重量份碳酸二甲酯和1重量份2-甲基丁烷的混合物。
实施例2
降低颗粒物排放的醇基燃料，由以下重量份的原料制成(室温下，搅拌均匀即可)：甲醇72份，柴油31份，硝酸戊酯0.9份，己二酸二异壬酯1.2份，丁二酰亚胺0.04份，二甲基甲酰胺1.3份，2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.3份，乙二醇0.06份，单硬脂酸甘油酯0.05份，燃烧促进剂1.1份；所述的燃烧促进剂为10重量份二戊铁，15重量份碳酸二甲酯和2重量份2-甲基丁烷的混合物。
实施例3
降低颗粒物排放的醇基燃料，由以下重量份的原料制成(室温下，搅拌均匀即可)：甲醇76份，柴油28份，硝酸戊酯1.1份，己二酸二异壬酯1份，丁二酰亚胺0.06份，二甲基甲酰胺1.1份，2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.5份，乙二醇0.05份，单硬脂酸甘油酯0.07份，燃烧促进剂0.9份；所述的燃烧促进剂为12重量份二戊铁，13重量份碳酸二甲酯和3重量份2-甲基丁烷的混合物。
实施例4
降低颗粒物排放的醇基燃料，由以下重量份的原料制成(室温下，搅拌均匀即可)：甲醇80份，柴油25份，硝酸戊酯1.3份，己二酸二异壬酯0.8份，丁二酰亚胺0.08份，二甲基甲酰胺0.9份，2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.7份，乙二醇0.04份，单硬脂酸甘油酯0.09份，燃烧促进剂0.7份；所述的燃烧促进剂为14重量份二戊铁，11重量份碳酸二甲酯和4重量份2-甲基丁烷的混合物。
实施例5
降低颗粒物排放的醇基燃料，由以下重量份的原料制成(室温下，搅拌均匀即可)：甲醇84份，柴油22份，硝酸戊酯1.5份，己二酸二异壬酯0.6份，丁二酰亚胺0.1份，二甲基甲酰胺0.7份，2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.9份，乙二醇0.03份，单硬脂酸甘油酯0.11份，燃烧促进剂0.5份；所述的燃烧促进剂为16重量份二戊铁，9重量份碳酸二甲酯和5重量份2-甲基丁烷的混合物。
实施例6
降低颗粒物排放的醇基燃料，由以下重量份的原料制成(室温下，搅拌均匀即可)：甲醇88份，柴油19份，硝酸戊酯1.7份，己二酸二异壬酯0.4份，丁二酰亚胺0.12份，二甲基甲酰胺0.5份，2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚1.1份，乙二醇0.02份，单硬脂酸甘油酯0.13份，燃烧促进剂0.3份；所述的燃烧促进剂为18重量份二戊铁，7重量份碳酸二甲酯和6重量份2-甲基丁烷的混合物。
实施例7
降低颗粒物排放的醇基燃料，由以下重量份的原料制成(室温下，搅拌均匀即可)：甲醇92份，柴油16份，硝酸戊酯1.9份，己二酸二异壬酯0.2份，丁二酰亚胺0.14份，二甲基甲酰胺0.3份，2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚1.3份，乙二醇0.01份，单硬脂酸甘油酯0.15份，燃烧促进剂0.1份；所述的燃烧促进剂为20重量份二戊铁，5重量份碳酸二甲酯和7重量份2-甲基丁烷的混合物。

Claims (5)

1.降低颗粒物排放的醇基燃料，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：甲醇68～92份，柴油16～34份，硝酸戊酯0.7～1.9份，己二酸二异壬酯0.2～1.4份，丁二酰亚胺0.02～0.14份，二甲基甲酰胺0.3～1.5份，2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.1～1.3份，乙二醇0.01～0.07份，单硬脂酸甘油酯0.03～0.15份，燃烧促进剂0.1～1.3份；
所述的燃烧促进剂为8～20重量份二戊铁，5～17重量份碳酸二甲酯和1～7重量份2-甲基丁烷的混合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的降低颗粒物排放的醇基燃料，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：甲醇72～88份，柴油19～31份，硝酸戊酯0.9～1.7份，己二酸二异壬酯0.4～1.2份，丁二酰亚胺0.04～0.12份，二甲基甲酰胺0.5～1.3份，2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.3～1.1份，乙二醇0.02～0.06份，单硬脂酸甘油酯0.05～0.13份，燃烧促进剂0.3～1.1份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的降低颗粒物排放的醇基燃料，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：甲醇80份，柴油25份，硝酸戊酯1.3份，己二酸二异壬酯0.8份，丁二酰亚胺0.08份，二甲基甲酰胺0.9份，2，6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.7份，乙二醇0.04份，单硬脂酸甘油酯0.09份，燃烧促进剂0.7份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的降低颗粒物排放的醇基燃料，其特征在于：所述的燃烧促进剂为10～18重量份二戊铁，7～15重量份碳酸二甲酯和2～6重量份2-甲基丁烷的混合物。
5.根据权利要求4所述的降低颗粒物排放的醇基燃料，其特征在于：所述的燃烧促进剂为14重量份二戊铁，11重量份碳酸二甲酯和4重量份2-甲基丁烷的混合物。
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