CN106211339B - The method and apparatus of resource allocation in car networking system - Google Patents
The method and apparatus of resource allocation in car networking system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106211339B CN106211339B CN201610564695.5A CN201610564695A CN106211339B CN 106211339 B CN106211339 B CN 106211339B CN 201610564695 A CN201610564695 A CN 201610564695A CN 106211339 B CN106211339 B CN 106211339B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
- H04W72/52—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
- H04W72/53—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on regulatory allocation policies
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method and system of the resource allocation in car networking system.The method, comprising: 1) determine vehicle within the specified range for sending the message transmission rate and number of timeslots of heartbeat message；2) message transmission rate and the number of timeslots are broadcast to the vehicle within the specified range；3) vehicle is randomly choosed from whole available time slots is equal to the number of timeslots time slot, to send the heartbeat message of the vehicle with the rate of information throughput on selected time slot.In the present invention, it does not need to carry out resource allocation for each vehicle by base station, vehicle can be randomly selected time interval resource and carry out information transmission, because avoiding consuming a large amount of communication resource without carrying out frequent information exchange between vehicle and base station.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communications more particularly to car networking to communicate.
Background technique
Car networking is that the important component of intelligent transportation system is enabled to by the communication between vehicle and vehicle
The speed of service for understanding other vehicles other than the visual field of driver promptly and accurately, state, to be provided safeguard for safe driving.
Car networking uses short-range communication protocols (DSRC agreement, also known as 802.11p agreement) at present, in the agreement
In, vehicle interferes avoidance mechanism come competitively contention channel by CSMA/CA carrier sense.In other words, vehicle passes through prison
It listens channel not busy or busy situation carrys out competitive utilization channel.When vehicle monitoring is to the channel spare time, vehicle obtains channel credit
Its current location information, is sent to the vehicle of surrounding by power in the form broadcasted；So that surrounding vehicles can obtain in time
Take the information such as position, speed, the state of the vehicle.When vehicle detection is to channel busy, when using selecting some random back
Between window, until time window keep out of the way 0 just carry out information transmission.
In car networking system, most of message are broadcast type messages, and broadcast type messages lack feedback in 802.11p agreement
Channel, so sending node is difficult to obtain the coverage rate of information；Transmitting terminal can not be sent according to feedback information flexibly adjustment
Rate sends the parameters such as power.
On the other hand, with the development of LTE technology, the scheme for being assisted car networking to carry out channel access using LTE is also obtained
Concern is arrived.In such scheme, in all vehicle access LTE networks, a kind of network architecture of centralization is formed.LTE net
Network is responsible for vehicle allocation sending time slots and perhaps frequency resource and notifies vehicle vehicle in corresponding time slot or frequency resource
Enterprising row information is sent, and the information such as the position of oneself, speed, state are sent to surrounding vehicles；Centralization access can be reduced
Truck traffic resource contention improves information and sends success rate.
But this centralized access architecture needs all vehicles to be all linked into LTE cell, so that LTE base station load is very
Weight.And due to carrying out frequent information exchange between vehicle and base station, thus need to consume a large amount of communication resource.In addition,
Since vehicle has high dynamic, vehicle frequent progress can switch between cells, and overhead is very big.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, it is an object of the invention to overcome the defect of the above-mentioned prior art, the money in a kind of car networking system is provided
The method of source distribution, comprising:
1) determine vehicle within the specified range for sending the message transmission rate and number of timeslots of heartbeat message；
2) message transmission rate and the number of timeslots are broadcast to the vehicle within the specified range；
3) vehicle is randomly choosed from whole available time slots is equal to the number of timeslots time slot, selected
The heartbeat message of the vehicle is sent on time slot with the message transmission rate.
Preferably, according to the method, wherein the quantity of the selected time slot is at least two.
Preferably, according to the method, wherein step 1) includes:
According to vehicle density, the message transmission rate and the number of timeslots are determined.
Preferably, according to the method, wherein step 1) includes:
The value range of message transmission rate and the value range and search of step-size in search and number of timeslots 1-1) are set
Step-length；
1-2) according to the value range and described search step-length, search meets information coverage under the vehicle density
It is required that when message transmission rate and number of timeslots,
Wherein, the information coverage is that other vehicles in communication range are successfully received the information that vehicle is sent
Average probability.
Preferably, according to the method, wherein step 1-2) include:
The minimum value constraint of the information coverage 1-2-1) is set；
1-2-2) in the case where meeting the constraint, the data for making number of timeslots few under the vehicle density are searched for
Transmission rate.
Preferably, according to the method, wherein the information coverage are as follows:
Wherein, RvFor the message transmission rate；K is the number of timeslots；λ is the vehicle density；RthFor the heart
The maximum transmission range of hop-information；BpIt is the maximum data packet size for sending the heartbeat message；F is to generate the heartbeat
The frequency of information；B is communication bandwidth；R indicates communication the distance between source node and destination node；α is the path of vehicle communication
Fissipation factor；σ2Indicate the power of white Gaussian noise in communication link；T is minimum Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio threshold required for decoded information
Value,PvIt is the transmission power that truck traffic uses；A be determine with path loss, transmitting terminal and receiving end
The relevant constant of gain；C1For the constant that value is fixed, size is by integration typeTo express.
Preferably, according to the method, wherein the quantity of the whole available time slot are as follows:
Preferably, according to the method, wherein step 1) further include:
According to communication environment, the message transmission rate and the number of timeslots are adjusted.
Preferably, according to the method, wherein step 1) further include:
According to the period, the message transmission rate and the number of timeslots are adjusted.
Also, the equipment that the present invention also provides a kind of to carry out resource allocation in car networking system, comprising:
For determining the message transmission rate and number of timeslots of the heartbeat message for sending vehicle within the specified range
Device；
Wherein, the number of timeslots, which is used to randomly choose from whole available time slots, is equal to the number of timeslots time slot, with
The heartbeat message of the vehicle is sent with the message transmission rate on selected time slot；And
For by the message transmission rate and the number of timeslots be broadcast to the vehicle within the specified range with
In the device for the heartbeat message for sending the vehicle.
And a kind of system that the vehicle in car networking is communicated, comprising:
Base station is used to determine vehicle within the specified range for sending the message transmission rate and time slot of heartbeat message
Quantity, and the message transmission rate and the number of timeslots are broadcast to the vehicle；
Vehicle is used to send the heartbeat message of the vehicle with the message transmission rate, and from when all can be used
Random selection is equal to the number of timeslots time slot in gap, to be sent on selected time slot with the rate of information throughput
The heartbeat message of the vehicle.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
One, it does not need to carry out resource allocation for each vehicle by base station, time interval resource progress can be randomly selected in vehicle
Information is sent, because avoiding consuming a large amount of communication resource without carrying out frequent information exchange between vehicle and base station.
Two, in the case where meeting communication quality, the data transmission rate of truck traffic and the number of transmission is optimized, is made
Vehicle can be by the data transmission rate that repeatedly retransmits and optimize, to guarantee the overall transfer success rate of communication.
Three, the data transmission rate and distribution of truck traffic can be set according further to real-time vehicle flowrate
To the number of timeslots of vehicle, to adaptively guarantee the reliability that information is sent according to instant vehicle flowrate and environmental aspect.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiments of the present invention is further illustrated referring to the drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 shows the scene figure of car networking system in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is the simulation result diagram for message transmission rate and information Transmission probability；
Fig. 3 is the simulation result diagram for message transmission rate and number of retransmissions；
Fig. 4 is the simulation comparison figure of the solution of the present invention and the prior art on outage probability.
Specific embodiment
It elaborates with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description to the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the scene figure of car networking system in the prior art.In order to guarantee traffic safety, car networking should make
Each vehicle can share their traffic condition.As shown in Figure 1, including: vehicle, roadside base in a car networking system
It stands, data center.
Wherein, vehicle is the main body it should be understood that traffic condition.With reference to Fig. 1, vehicle can either by " bus or train route link " (with
Lightning shape mark) it is communicated with roadside base station；The vehicle of " vehicle blockchain road " (marking with the dotted line of radiation) and surrounding can also be passed through
Communication, thus peripherad vehicle share its own position, speed, acceleration, operation towards etc. information, these information it is logical
The vehicle of surrounding is sent periodically to frequently as the heartbeat message of a vehicle.
In the prior art, in order to complete the communication of above-mentioned car networking, usually by base station for each vehicle under cell into
The time interval resource of identical quantity is not repeatedly distributed to each vehicle, such as would generally be every by the distribution of row time interval resource
A vehicle all distributes a time interval resource and is different from for the time interval resource of each vehicle allocation.Vehicle, which utilizes, to be distributed
Time interval resource is communicated, and sends heartbeat message using the fixed peripherad vehicle of rate when being communicated.
However, inventor thinks to have the following deficiencies: in the above prior art
Due to needing the base station by cell to carry out distributing slot resources, thus all vehicles must all access cell, this
So that load of base station is very heavy.Also, such distributing slot resources are carried out, so that must carry out between vehicle and base station frequent
Information exchange, to consume a large amount of communication resource.On the other hand, with the movement of vehicle, the vehicle communicated can be small
Continually switched between area, to further increase the expense of system.And using fixed rate to send data can not fit
Answer a variety of different environmental aspects, thus not can guarantee in extreme circumstances (such as wagon flow peak or seriously affect transmission effect
The rainstorm weather of fruit) information send reliability.
The reason of causing drawbacks described above is: such intrinsic cognition generally existing in the prior art, it is believed that in order to keep away
Interference between when exempting from information of vehicles transmission under cell is necessary for each vehicle and distributes different time slots, and such allocation plan needs
It uniformly manages, thus needs base station centralized distribution time interval resource.
However, car networking is distinct from common wireless communication network system, the vehicle communicated in car networking is
It is highly dynamic.If the base station for requiring cell carries out weight to time interval resource whenever vehicle enters (or leaving) cell
New distribution, then very big burden can be caused to system, especially in the case where vehicle flowrate pace of change is fast.
Also, since the prior art does not set up the relationship between vehicle density and traffic rate, so being difficult basis
Vehicle density adjusts transmission rate.
In view of the foregoing drawbacks, a kind of multiple random retransmission mechanism based on LTE broadcast is inventors herein proposed, to carry out vehicle
Vehicle resource allocation.Referring still to Fig. 1, in the present invention, vehicle receives the broadcast message from base station by " bus or train route link ", and
Its own heartbeat message of surrounding vehicles is informed by " vehicle blockchain road ".Unlike the prior art, base in the present invention
Station is not to be respectively which (or which) time interval resource they are assigned with to each vehicle unicast, but will alternatively be used for vehicle
The decision of networking (for example, being used for the message transmission rate of truck traffic, and can be used to send in vehicle whithin a period of time
The number of timeslots of heartbeat message) it is broadcast to the rolling stock in cell.As a result, vehicle can according to the decision received,
Carry out truck traffic.
In order to generate the above-mentioned decision for car networking, vehicle density whithin a period of time can be collected by data center
Information, and the information collected is analyzed and processed.This have the advantage that can for instant vehicle density and
Generate special reply decision.Even when different time sections cell vehicle flowrate variation very greatly (for example, peak on and off duty,
Or night), it also can dynamically provide adaptable decision.
Further, the messaging parameter optimized can also be supplied to vehicle by the above-mentioned decision for car networking.
For example, properly increasing vehicle transmission data at peak on and off duty or rainstorm weather etc. influences in the environment of communication quality
Rate (such as higher than average average data transfer rate), can increase system available time slot number to a certain extent in this way,
Although single transmission success rate declines, by repeatedly retransmitting, the reliability that information is sent can be effectively ensured.Example again
Such as, at non-communicating peak, the appropriate rate (such as less than average data transfer rate) for reducing vehicle transmission data is to provide
Relatively high communication quality.
Although as can be seen that randomly choosing time slot by vehicle in the present invention carries out information transmission, thus being possible to occur
Two (or more) vehicles send the phenomenon that heartbeat message is to interfere in the same time slot, but since each vehicle can be with
Retransmitted using multiple time slots, thus the present invention can be improved by being transmitted several times information on the whole send success rate with
The problem for avoiding interference bring transmission success rate low.
Embodiment
Method of the invention is specifically introduced below by embodiment.
1. generating decision according to vehicle density.
As it was noted above, system needs to obtain vehicle density, and can be by obtaining different time in order to formulate decision
The vehicle density of section is targetedly to specify decision.It will be explained in generating how according to vehicle density according to this hair below
Bright decision.
It is assumed that total vehicle density in each lane on a highway is that (i.e. on whole lanes, every meter coexists λ
Having λ vehicle), the data package size of the heartbeat message of truck traffic is no more than BpByte, vehicle generate new heartbeat letter
The frequency of breath packet is fHz, and (for example, f=10Hz, then vehicle generates the period of heartbeat message as 1/f=100ms), heartbeat message
Transmission range be no more than RthRice, system can be BMHz with the total bandwidth of truck traffic.
In decision of the invention, it would be desirable to determine message transmission rate used by truck traffic and distribute to vehicle
Number of timeslots.Here in order to generate decision of the invention, it is only necessary to acquire vehicle density information (λ), other above-mentioned letters
Ceasing (such as size, communication range, packets frequency of data packet etc.) is the determination according to used agreement.
Use RvBps/Hz come indicate vehicle carry out information transmission rate.So send consumption required for single data packet
Time can be represented asAnd in the life cycle of entire data packetInterior, most available number of time slots N areIt is secondary.
Indicate to distribute to the number of timeslots of vehicle with k, i.e., each vehicle can be from N number of available time slot resource randomly
K time slot of selection is for sending heartbeat message.It can be successfully received to evaluate other vehicles from information source vehicle (source
Node vehicle) information ability, we define " information coverage ".Information coverage are as follows: apart from source node vehicle range
RthOther interior vehicles are successfully received the average probability of the information of source node vehicle transmission.
Inventor is deduced the expression formula of information coverage C according to above-mentioned hypothesis, and C is allowed to be written to data transmission
Rate Rv, number of timeslots k and vehicle density λ expression formula, it may be assumed that
Wherein, r indicates communication the distance between source node and destination node；α is the road of vehicle communication (i.e. truck traffic)
Diameter fissipation factor, for indicating the factor of attenuation degree and distance relation in signal communication process, different rings in a communications system
The degree of signal decaying under border is not identical；σ2Indicate the power of white Gaussian noise in communication link, size is equal to white Gaussian
The product of noise power spectral density and bandwidth；T is minimum Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio threshold value required for decoded information, according to shannon formula its
Size isWhen Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio is greater than threshold value T, information can be successfully decoded；PvIt is the hair that truck traffic uses
Penetrate power；A is constant relevant to path loss, transmitting terminal and the gain of receiving end, size can by the prior art into
Row measurement is calculated and is obtained；C1For the constant that value is fixed, size is by integration typeTo express.
Expectation can obtain maximum information coverage in the present invention, it is therefore desirable to solve the R so that when C maximumvWith
K, i.e.,
Give a Rv, most available number of time slots can be calculatedThen information is sent out at this time
The value range for sending number k is 1 to N.
It solves above-mentionedMethod, can be in RvWith traversal search is carried out in the value range of k.For example, by Rv's
Search range and step-length, which are set as [0.01:0.1:10], (because spectrum efficiency is usually less than 10bps/Hz, 10 can be set
It is set to search RvUsed maximum value, and be correspondingly set as searching for used minimum value for 0.01,0.1 is set as searching
Suo Buchang), [1:1:N] is set by the search range and step-length of k, to determine the best transmission rate (R so that when C maximumv)
With number of retransmissions (k).
However, traversal search needs very high operand, in order to reduce system complexity, set letter can met
Under conditions of ceasing coverage rate constraint, lesser message transmission rate R is selectedvWith corresponding number of retransmissions k.This is because in order to
Guarantee that the safety of car networking, traffic system there would generally be constraint to information coverage, it is general to require the vehicle in communication range
The probability for being successfully received information reaches 99% or more.Also, since biggish number of retransmissions k is to transmission end device complexity
Higher requirement is proposed, in order to facilitate implementation and application, relatively small k can be set.Meanwhile inventor's discovery is general
Lesser RvCorresponding to lesser k.Thus in order to reduce complexity, lesser R can be set in searchv, and meeting information
Under conditions of coverage rate constraint, a lesser k value is relatively calculated.
For example, the minimum value of C can be set to 99% using the constraint as information coverage, from RvRange in select
One lesser value, and corresponding k is calculated according to above-mentioned formula.
2. by the decision of generation by base station broadcast to vehicle.
In above-mentioned steps, the rate for carrying out information transmission between vehicle and vehicle is calculated and has sent heartbeat for vehicle
The time slot number of information.Thus, it is possible to be sent to vehicle in the form of broadcasting base station using calculated result as decision
.
3. vehicle carries out information transmission according to the parameter of decision.
After receiving the decision from base station, vehicle can be according to the parameter information of decision, in the life of each heartbeat message
It orders in period 1/f, the selection k from N number of available time slot resource that can be random is a, and repeats to send on this k time interval resource
The heartbeat message.
Here the advantages of being randomly choosed is not needing centralized distribution, thus is easier to realize such method.
If distributing time slot, just need to know the Time slot allocation situation of other vehicles, to increase the complexity of decision.
Experimental comparison
In order to verify effect of the invention, inventor is simulated l-G simulation test, and used parameter is as shown in table 1.
1 system emulation parameter of table
Below by Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, to make a concrete analysis of effect of the invention.
Fig. 2 is given at information when corresponding to optimal number of retransmissions (see Fig. 3) under the conditions of the different vehicle vehicle rates of information throughput and passes
Defeated outage probability, outage probability here are equal to 1 and subtract information coverage C.From figure 2 it can be seen that there is also optimal for system
Vehicle vehicle information transmission rate, when rate is optimal value, message interrupts probability is minimum, at this time system information transmissions coverage rate
(being equivalent to information transmission reliability) is optimal.When vehicle average headway is lesser, the optimal value is unobvious；With vehicle
The increase of spacing, system velocity optimal value gradually show.The following distance that is wherein averaged is equal to the inverse of vehicle density, i.e. 1/ λ.When
Vehicle spacing be 200 meters when, the optimal value of transmission rate be about 1.5Mbps (i.e. in figure read 0.15Mbps/Hz multiplied by
The bandwidth of 10MHz), outage probability at this time is minimum, and size is about 4 × 10-5, and when system velocity less or greater than
When 1.5Mbps, the outage probability of system is higher than 4 × 10-5.It can be seen that optimization rate can improve information transmission well
Reliability.
Under the conditions of Fig. 3 gives different rates, in order to reach optimal number of retransmissions corresponding to maximum information coverage.
From the figure, it can be seen that system available time slot resource increases with the increase of data rate, it can number of retransmissions increase.From Fig. 2
It can be seen that multiple random retransmission can effectively reduce outage probability, there are optimal information transmission rates to maximize
Information coverage.Under corresponding information transmission rate, pass through Fig. 3 also available optimal information transmission times.For example, working as
When workshop average distance is 100 meters, optimal information transmission rate is 2Mbps as can see from Figure 2, at this time can according to Fig. 3
To find out optimal transmission times corresponding to the information transmission rate for 20 times.As can be seen that with the raising of number of retransmissions, vehicle
Interfering with each other between is also gradually increasing, and exists and enables to the maximum optimal number of retransmissions of information coverage and optimal hair
Transmission rate.
In order to prove the validity of the present invention program, has chosen two kinds of typical scenarios and compare.Traditional scheme 1 is to allow vehicle
Randomly choose a time slot in all available time slots, and carry out primary information transmission on the time slot, be similar to DSRC with
Machine contention access mechanism.The program major advantage is to adapt to high dynamic network environment, realize it is simple, referred to as at random
Selection scheme.Scheme 2 is the exclusiveness resource allocation algorithm fully controlled based on LTE, in this scenario, it is assumed that LTE system is known
The location information of all vehicles in road, and resource allocation is carried out according to location information.System is one time slot money of each vehicle allocation
Source, and the vehicle in communication range uses different time interval resources, and all resources are uniformly used, and random choosing is avoided
Local interference caused by maldistribution of the resources is even in conflict and whole network during selecting deteriorates, and is referred to as based on LTE scheme.For
Fair comparison is carried out, traditional scheme 1 and traditional scheme 2 are completely using all time interval resources under cell.It is assumed that in information
Number of vehicles in transmission range is N, then this N number of vehicle divides equally entire 100ms time interval resource, and number of time slot is equal to letter in system
Number of vehicles in transmission range is ceased, so each car only carries out train vehicle information transmission.Meanwhile set forth herein sides in order to reduce
The system implementation complexity of case constrains in multiple number of retransmissions within 10 times in emulation.
From in Fig. 4 it can be seen firstly that random selection scheme with based on compared with LTE scheme, information transmission reliability compared with
It is low, it is primarily due to using random selection in carrying out time interval resource selection, the probability clashed is big, and is based on LTE scheme
In exclusiveness resource allocation, will not clash, therefore high reliablity.Information Transmission according to the solution of the present invention is general
Rate declines rapidly with the increase of spacing between vehicle vehicle, and system break probability remains at 10-2Hereinafter, effective ensure
The high reliability of car networking system information transmitting.The solution of the present invention performance is mainly two aspect reasons better than traditional scheme, the
One, this programme is repeatedly retransmitted, figure 4, it is seen that the performance of scheme 1 and scheme 2 and traffic density relationship are little, this
Scheme 1 and 2 is primarily due to all to send using single information.Although scheme 1 and scheme 2 carry out information every time with lower rate
It sends, and scheme 2 has carried out exclusiveness distribution to resource allocation, but due to the randomness of wireless channel, is still difficult to protect
Hinder information transmission reliability.Second, the solution of the present invention between vehicle vehicle information transmission rate and number of retransmissions carried out it is excellent
Change, through-rate optimization can effectively avoid the collision probability in random slot selection, pass through the optimal control of number of retransmissions
Disturbance regime in whole system.Although the rate of information throughput can also be become according to vehicle density in traditional scheme 1 and 2
Change, but this variation is the purpose for maximization time interval resource utilization rate, rather than maximize information and transmit coverage rate.Institute
With mechanism proposed by the present invention can effectively ensure the reliability that vehicle vehicle information is transmitted in car networking system.
It should be noted last that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting.On although
The invention is described in detail with reference to an embodiment for text, those skilled in the art should understand that, to skill of the invention
Art scheme is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered at this
In the scope of the claims of invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method of the resource allocation in car networking system, comprising:
1) determine vehicle within the specified range for sending the message transmission rate and number of timeslots of heartbeat message；
2) message transmission rate and the number of timeslots are broadcast to the vehicle within the specified range；
3) vehicle is randomly choosed from whole available time slots is equal to the number of timeslots time slot, in selected time slot
On the heartbeat message of the vehicle is sent with the rate of information throughput；
Wherein, the quantity of the selected time slot is at least two；And
Step 1) includes: to determine the message transmission rate and the number of timeslots according to vehicle density:
The value range of message transmission rate and the value range and search step of step-size in search and number of timeslots 1-1) are set
It is long；
1-2) according to the value range and described search step-length, search meets information coverage requirement under the vehicle density
When message transmission rate and number of timeslots,
Wherein, the information coverage is being averaged for the information that other vehicles in communication range are successfully received vehicle transmission
Probability；
Wherein step 1-2) include:
The minimum value constraint of the information coverage 1-2-1) is set；
1-2-2) in the case where meeting the constraint, the data that search makes number of timeslots few under the vehicle density are transmitted
Rate.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, the wherein information coverage are as follows:
Wherein, RvFor the message transmission rate；K is the number of timeslots；λ is the vehicle density；RthFor heartbeat letter
The maximum transmission range of breath；BpIt is the maximum data packet size for sending the heartbeat message；F is to generate the heartbeat message
Frequency；B is communication bandwidth；R indicates communication the distance between source node and destination node；α is the path loss of vehicle communication
The factor；σ2Indicate the power of white Gaussian noise in communication link；T is minimum Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio threshold value required for decoded information,PvIt is the transmission power that truck traffic uses；A be determine with path loss, transmitting terminal and the increasing of receiving end
The relevant constant of benefit；C1For the constant that value is fixed, size is by integration typeTo express.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, wherein, the quantity of the whole available time slots are as follows:
4. method described in any one of -3 according to claim 1, wherein step 1) further include:
According to communication environment, the message transmission rate and the number of timeslots are adjusted.
5. method described in any one of -3 according to claim 1, wherein step 1) further include:
According to the period, the message transmission rate and the number of timeslots are adjusted.
6. a kind of equipment for carrying out resource allocation in car networking system, comprising:
For determining the message transmission rate of the heartbeat message for sending vehicle within the specified range and the dress of number of timeslots
It sets；
Wherein, the number of timeslots, which is used to randomly choose from whole available time slots, is equal to the number of timeslots time slot, in institute
The heartbeat message of the vehicle is sent on the time slot of selection with the rate of information throughput；And
For the message transmission rate and the number of timeslots to be broadcast to the vehicle within the specified range to be used to send out
Send the device of the heartbeat message of the vehicle；
Wherein, the quantity of the selected time slot is at least two；And
The determination is used to send the message transmission rate and number of timeslots of the heartbeat message of vehicle within the specified range, packet
It includes: the message transmission rate and the number of timeslots is determined according to vehicle density:
The value range of message transmission rate and the value range and step-size in search of step-size in search and number of timeslots are set；
According to the value range and described search step-length, search meets under the vehicle density when information coverage requires
Message transmission rate and number of timeslots,
Wherein, the information coverage is being averaged for the information that other vehicles in communication range are successfully received vehicle transmission
Probability；
Wherein, according to the value range and described search step-length, search meets information coverage under the vehicle density and wants
Message transmission rate and number of timeslots when asking, comprising:
The minimum value constraint of the information coverage is set；
In the case where meeting the constraint, the message transmission rate for making number of timeslots few under the vehicle density is searched for.
7. a kind of system that the vehicle in car networking is communicated, comprising:
Base station is used to determine vehicle within the specified range for sending the message transmission rate and timeslot number of heartbeat message
Amount, and the message transmission rate and the number of timeslots are broadcast to the vehicle；
Vehicle is used to send the heartbeat message of the vehicle with the message transmission rate, and from whole available time slots
Random selection is equal to the number of timeslots time slot, on selected time slot described in the described rate of information throughput transmission
The heartbeat message of vehicle；
Wherein, the quantity of the selected time slot is at least two；And
The determination is used to send the message transmission rate and number of timeslots of the heartbeat message of vehicle within the specified range, packet
It includes: the message transmission rate and the number of timeslots is determined according to vehicle density:
The value range of message transmission rate and the value range and step-size in search of step-size in search and number of timeslots are set；
According to the value range and described search step-length, search meets under the vehicle density when information coverage requires
Message transmission rate and number of timeslots,
Wherein, the information coverage is being averaged for the information that other vehicles in communication range are successfully received vehicle transmission
Probability；
Wherein, according to the value range and described search step-length, search meets information coverage under the vehicle density and wants
Message transmission rate and number of timeslots when asking, comprising:
The minimum value constraint of the information coverage is set；
In the case where meeting the constraint, the message transmission rate for making number of timeslots few under the vehicle density is searched for.
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| CN106878919B (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2019-11-12 | 大唐高鸿信息通信研究院（义乌）有限公司 | A kind of wireless cognition method of channel management suitable for vehicle-mounted short distance communication network |
| KR102275288B1 (en) | 2017-01-03 | 2021-07-09 | 삼성전자 주식회사 | Method of inter carrier for v2x communication |
| US10790945B2 (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2020-09-29 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Methods to mitigate inter-platoon interference |
| DE102017131416B3 (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-06-27 | Te Connectivity Germany Gmbh | Method and device for transmitting data within a vehicle |
| CN108471605B (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2019-11-05 | 电子科技大学 | Wireless channel access control method based on fleet |
| CN111724628B (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2022-05-10 | 江苏智能交通及智能驾驶研究院 | No-signal lamp intersection collision early warning activation probability assessment method based on V2X |
| CN112272232B (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-12-07 | 北京邮电大学 | Millimeter wave Internet of vehicles resource scheduling method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN112333660B (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2024-02-20 | 浙江省机电设计研究院有限公司 | High coverage rate vehicle networking roadside unit deployment method, system, medium and application |
| CN117202242B (en) * | 2023-11-08 | 2024-02-06 | 南京邮电大学 | Node failure detection method in Internet of vehicles based on particle filter model |
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| CN102088775B (en) * | 2009-12-08 | 2014-04-02 | 电信科学技术研究院 | Method, system and device for distributing contention resources |
| CN102123508B (en) * | 2011-01-18 | 2013-06-12 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Time slot resource allocation method and device |
| US8976696B2 (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2015-03-10 | Nec Laboratories America, Inc. | Methods and systems for integrating batch scheduling with external beamforming |
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| CN104981021B (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2019-07-05 | 电信科学技术研究院 | Resource regulating method and equipment in a kind of car networking system |
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