A kind of bidirectional DC/DC system and method based on state transfer
Technical field
The present invention relates to bidirectional DC/DC field, be specifically related to a kind of bidirectional DC/DC system and method based on state transfer.
Background technology
In recent years, Power Electronic Technique is paid attention to along with developing rapidly of power semiconductor, carries out buck at needs
Energy in bidirectional flow occasion, bidirectional DC/DC converter is the only selection in direct current field.
But traditional bidirectional DC/DC is carrying out breaking down or during power direction conversion, it is substantially simple and crude ground handle
System PWM waveform is closed, and be all magnetic element due to bidirectional DC/DC, and this rough method can allow magnetic first when dealing with improperly
Part both end voltage rises sharply, and damages switching tube and magnetics time serious.
There is the technology carrying out multi-mode control for bidirectional DC/DC at present, but be required in handoff procedure closing power
Pipe, fails to solve the problems referred to above.
Paper " high-power bidirectional DC _ DC converter topology structure and analysis theories research a thereof " literary composition proposes state transfer
Buck changing method, but when the idle machine of bidirectional DC/DC, power switch is turned off, fail solve the problems referred to above.
A kind of based on time delay the switching that paper " the digital control research of a two-way DC_DC changer and design " literary composition proposes
Method, in this changing method, it is impossible to accurately switch according to the state of system, the most unresolved the problems referred to above.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome shortcoming that prior art exists with not enough, the present invention provides a kind of bidirectional DC/DC based on state transfer
System and method.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of based on state transfer bidirectional DC/DC system, including two-way full-bridge converter, DCDC reversible controller, for
Duty switching state shift module and cross limit with protection module, described DCDC reversible controller output drive signal to pair
To full-bridge converter;
Described state shift module four kinds of signals of input, respectively DCDC reversible controller enables signal, the two-way control of DCDC
Device mode altering signal processed, the inductance zero current indication signal of DCDC reversible controller and mistake limit and the system exception protecting module
Input signal;Described state shift module output current setting value switching signal and driving anergy signal are to DCDC double-direction control
Device;
Described voltage and the current signal crossing limit and protect the module two-way full-bridge converter of input.
Described DCDC reversible controller includes operating board, PWM analog controller and controls ring cutting parallel operation;
Described operating board includes that DCDC reversible controller enables module, mode altering module and inductance zero current instruction mould
Block;
Described PWM analog controller includes boosting and buck controller, realizes lifting under the effect of state shift module
Crush-cutting changes;
Described control ring cutting parallel operation includes Voltage loop and electric current loop.
Described state shift module includes that delayed recovery runs module, error condition module, system mode machine and output letter
Number logical operation module, described delayed recovery runs module and error condition module is connected with system mode machine, system mode machine
It is connected with output logical operations.
Described two-way full-bridge converter includes the big two-way IGBT of pressure reduction starting protection, voltage sensor, current sensor, fall
Pressure full-bridge IGBT group and boosting full-bridge IGBT group.
The state transition method of a kind of bidirectional DC/DC system, system includes power direction switching, fault and three kinds of works of start and stop
Condition, and include locking, off-line, standby and operation totally four kinds of duties, specific works state transition method is as follows:
Start after system boot and advance into lock-out state, if inductance zero current indication signal is high level, then enter off-line
State;If inductance zero current indication signal is high level and whether abnormal signal is low level, then enter holding state;The most not
Transfering state;
After entering holding state, if it is high level that DCDC reversible controller enables signal, and mode altering signal is high electricity
Whether gentle abnormal signal is low level, then enter running status, otherwise keep holding state;
After entering running status, it is judged that DCDC reversible controller enables whether signal is low level, DCDC double-direction control
Whether device mode altering signal is low level and crosses limit with whether the abnormal signal protecting module is high level, if there being a condition
Set up, then enter off-line state, otherwise remain on state;
After entering off-line state, state handover module output current setting value switching signal is the given switching of electric current loop
Giving to 0, at this moment the Voltage loop of system is cut, and system is operated in the electric current monocycle pattern that given value of current is 0, if now inductance
Zero current indication signal is that high level then enters holding state, otherwise runs delayed recovery and runs module, judges after 100us again
DCDC reversible controller enables signal, DCDC reversible controller mode altering signal and crosses the abnormal signal of limit and protection module,
If it is high level that DCDC reversible controller enables signal, and mode altering signal is high level and abnormal signal is low level, then
Export current setting value switching signal according to current system mode, then rapidly enter running status.
Described abnormal signal includes that overvoltage is abnormal, cross throat floater and mode of operation is abnormal.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) under power direction switching, fault and three kinds of system conditions of start and stop, system can be supervised according to state shift module
The information surveyed judges, and quickly can respond under the effect of PWM analog controller;
(2) when system has operating mode to occur, it is possible to by setting given value of current, and realize system according to systematic state transfer
Output energy is more than input energy, it is achieved effective management of energy;
(3) after the energy of magnetics storage is complete in systems, when the fault condition of system still cannot be restored
Locking system, it is ensured that the safety of system, is manually booting after system recovery is normal, safeguards system reliable;
(4) all signals for judging are all logical signals, and vulnerability to jamming is strong, and propagation delay time is little, and reliability is high, easily real
Existing programmable hardware system carries out Multi-thread control, improves reliability further.
(5) realize power direction when realizing without exception to be switched fast.
(6) design of DCDC reversible transducer is greatly simplified and improves the rapidity and reliably of control, reduces and sets
Standby cost, and, under the control not having external status shift module, system is constantly in lock-out state, has ensured system
Safety.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the system construction drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the module of the present invention forms and is connected figure;
Fig. 3 is crossing limit and protecting module main analog circuit diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the composition structure chart of the state shift module of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is each module connection figure in the state shift module of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the system mode machine sketch in the state shift module of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the system control block figure of the off-line state of the present invention;
Fig. 8 (a) and Fig. 8 (b) is the experimental waveform figure that the present invention carries out two power direction switchings.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not
It is limited to this.
Embodiment
As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, a kind of bidirectional DC/DC system based on state transfer, convert including two-way full-bridge
Device, DCDC reversible controller, state shift module and cross limit with protection module, described state shift module input four kinds of signals,
It is from crossing limit and the system exception input signal of protection module and from the enable signal of DCDC reversible controller, pattern respectively
Change signal and inductance zero current indication signal, described state shift module output current setting value switching signal and driving anergy
Signal is to DCDC reversible controller.
Described voltage and the current signal crossing limit and protect the module two-way full-bridge converter of input.
Described DCDC reversible controller output drive signal is to two-way full-bridge converter.
Described state shift module be responsible for system state switching, including from stable state to transient state again to all judgements of stable state
With perform work, it is achieved that state shift module control to whole control system, it is achieved that crucial letters all to system
Number judgement, rationally amendment controls given and controls output, and safeguards system switches at power direction, fault and three kinds of operating modes of start and stop
Lower system responds with remaining to fast and reliable.
Described DCDC reversible controller includes operating board, PWM analog controller and controls ring cutting parallel operation, wherein operating board bag
Include DCDC reversible controller and enable module, mode altering module and inductance zero current indicating module;
Described PWM analog controller includes boosting and buck controller, realizes lifting under the effect of state shift module
Crush-cutting changes;
Described control ring cutting parallel operation includes Voltage loop and electric current loop.
Such design makes reversible transducer unidirectional to design, and is finally realized state by state shift module
Transfer and the switching of power direction, finally realize bidirectional DC/DC system.And, traditional PWM analog controller is pure hardware
Controlling, complexity is low, low cost, and reliability is high, controls effective, is the bidirectional DC/DC system base that is switched fast power direction
Plinth.
Described two-way full-bridge converter includes the big two-way IGBT of pressure reduction starting protection, voltage sensor, current sensor, fall
Pressure full-bridge IGBT group and boosting full-bridge IGBT group, improve the scope of application of this system.
As shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, described state shift module includes that delayed recovery runs module, error condition mould
Block, system mode machine and output signal logical operation module.
In order to ensure reliably to shift, the present invention adds delay recovery on the basis of original system mode machine and runs mould
Block, error condition module and output signal logical operation module, aid system state machine carry out transfering state and protection DCDC
Reversible transducer.Meanwhile, the abnormal input signal of state shift module includes that overvoltage is abnormal, cross throat floater and mode of operation is different
Often.
Meanwhile, by adding big pressure reduction starting protection two-way IGBT amendment main circuit topology, it is achieved big pressure reduction boosting starts
Time inductive current cross realize in limited time turn off, cut off boosting energy source, wait inductive current return to normal current value 30A
Connect this two-way IGBT again below, continue as rear class and energy is provided.If without over-current signal, this two-way IGBT the most always on.
As it is shown in fig. 7, the present invention includes three kinds of operating modes, it is the system failure, power direction switching and shutdown respectively, for reality
The system of existing these three state can state transfer, described state include locking, standby, run and off-line state, and four kinds of states
State transfer depend on inductance zero current instruction, DCDC reversible controller enable signal, DCDC reversible controller mode altering
Signal and the abnormal signal crossing limit and protection module.In such design, all of signal is all level signal, vulnerability to jamming
By force, propagation delay time is little, is of value to and utilizes programmable hardware circuit quickly to judge to realize multithreading.Rely both on above-mentioned four kinds
The monitoring of system signal, considered system use break down, power direction switches or system start and stop etc. three kinds
Operating mode, the perfect in shape and function of system.
Boosting and decompression mode is all included due to bidirectional DC/DC system, when there is power direction change or fault, if
The at once pwm signal of block side IGBT group, is then turned on the pwm signal of opposite side and can cause the electric current in system cannot be normal
Commutation, thus demolish IGBT group, damage system.
Concrete transfer method is:
(1) after system boot start advance into lock-out state, if inductance zero current indication signal is high level, then enter from
Line states;If inductance zero current indication signal is high level and whether abnormal signal is low level, then enter holding state;Otherwise
Not transfering state;
(2) after entering holding state, if it is high level that DCDC reversible controller enables signal, and mode altering signal is high
Whether level and abnormal signal are low level, then enter running status, otherwise keep holding state;
(3) after entering running status, it is judged that DCDC reversible controller enables whether signal is low level, the two-way control of DCDC
Whether device mode altering signal processed is low level and crosses limit with whether the abnormal signal protecting module is high level, if there being a bar
Part is set up, then enter off-line state, otherwise remain on state;
(4) after entering off-line state, state handover module output current setting value switching signal giving electric current loop
Being switched to 0 give, at this moment the Voltage loop of system is the most cut, is operated in the electric current monocycle pattern that given value of current is 0, if now electricity
Sense zero current indication signal is that high level then enters holding state, otherwise runs delayed recovery and runs module, sentences after 100us again
Disconnected DCDC reversible controller enables signal, DCDC reversible controller mode altering signal and crosses the exception letter of limit and protection module
Number, if it is high level that DCDC reversible controller enables signal, and mode altering signal is high level and abnormal signal is low level,
Then export current setting value switching signal according to current system mode, then rapidly enter running status.
Bidirectional DC/DC system based on state transfer it is critical only that off-line mode, in disconnection mode, system is not
The PWM output of locking system, but by state shift module output current setting value switching signal shown in black surround thick in figure
Given switching switch be switched to the 0 of electric current loop and give, thus realize under off-line mode protection and run, on the one hand, due to electric current
Ring is set as 0, and system rapidly drops to 0 electric current output according to DCDC control algolithm, prevents energy to be delivered into system further and draws
Playing the system failure, the most as prior art, vertical cut PWM does not drives or directly block PWM drives, and is to maintain
PWM drives and always works under normal mode, drives, in system until blocking PWM when the inductive current of system drops to 0 again
The energy in portion provides rational delivery pathways.
As shown in Fig. 8 (a) and Fig. 8 (b), when carrying out limit with protection module N/R power direction switching, system
Entering off-line mode, quick control system allows inductive current rapidly drop to 0, enters standby mode at this moment and lifts
Pressure drives signal switching, it is achieved zero current power direction switches, and the given switch of switching electric current loop, enters run mode simultaneously, it is achieved
The quick startup of new power direction.Experiment proves that this method being switched fast can be 2 control cycles under current-mode
Inside allow electric current drop to 0, and electric current can be allowed to rise to designated value within 2 control cycles.Rest on the time delay of standing-by state
Can be self-defined by internal system, it is set as 100us herein, is achieved in that the quick controlled switching of power direction.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not by described embodiment
Limit, the change made under other any spirit without departing from the present invention and principle, modify, substitute, combine, simplify,
All should be the substitute mode of equivalence, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.