CN106202978B - Fully-loaded stream multiple purpose reservoir flood regulation by level and stages optimization method and its system - Google Patents
Fully-loaded stream multiple purpose reservoir flood regulation by level and stages optimization method and its system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fully-loaded stream multiple purpose reservoir flood regulation by level and stages optimization method, data needed for S1, acquisition fully-loaded stream multiple purpose reservoir flood regulation by level and stages optimizing control models;S2, foundation simultaneously store the division of flood seasonal phases point recognition methods of fully-loaded stream multiple purpose reservoir;S3, foundation simultaneously store flood regulation by level and stages scheme;S4, foundation simultaneously store fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization;Flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization described in S5, solution fully-loaded stream;S6, generation simultaneously export fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages prioritization scheme.The method have the advantages that fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages optimal control policy is determined, to realize that the optimization of fully-loaded stream multiple purpose reservoir flood regulation by level and stages provides a kind of effective way.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the mitigation of fully-loaded stream flood control by reservoir regulation, drought resisting and flood water resources utilization, more particularly, to high concentration of sediment
River composite utilizes reservoir flood regulation by level and stages optimization method and its system.
Background technology
The contradiction of supply and demand for the water resource in China is increasingly severe, and flood water resources utilization has to alleviating basin water resources shortage problem
Very important meaning.On the one hand, the most of basin river flows in China are influenced by monsoon, and distribution pole is not between year border within the year
Uniformly, basin storm flood has apparent Seasonal Analysis;On the other hand, setting reservoir flood regulation by level and stages, progress flood
The utilization of resources necessarily brings certain risk to flood control safety guarantee etc..
Literature research shows existing multiple purpose reservoir flood regulation by level and stages research mainly for clear water river, such as scholar
Liu Pan et al. considers the factors such as flood control risks, power benefit, navigation benefit, it is proposed that the Yangtze River Gorges according to reservoir flood peak magnanimity
The method of reservoir flood regulation by level and stages optimization.However, northern China is dry, short of rain sandy, not only shortage of water resources, but also
Silt content of river is larger, therefore must take into consideration the Sedimentation problem of river, reservoir in flood water resources utilization.At present, it is related to
The research of fully-loaded stream reservoir flood regulation by level and stages optimization is less.Fully-loaded stream multiple purpose reservoir flood regulation by level and stages is excellent
Having eliminated needs to be related to outside clear water river relevant issues, and further relating to silt, characteristic, reservoir sedimentation form, sediment trapping storage capacity use by stages
The problems such as time limit.How to plan as a whole to control flood, subtract the demands such as silt, water supply, determine the suitable flood regulation by level and stages of fully-loaded stream reservoir,
Reservoir is enable to play flood control for a long time, subtract the comprehensive functions such as silt, water supply, irrigation, power generation, and it is ability to keep Long-Term Effective Storage
The key points and difficulties of domain research.
Invention content
Present invention aims at provide a kind of multiple purpose reservoir flood regulation by level and stages optimization method, another object of the present invention
It is to provide a kind of specific optimisation system for realizing the optimization method.
To achieve the above object, the present invention takes following technical proposals:
Fully-loaded stream multiple purpose reservoir flood regulation by level and stages optimization method of the present invention, as steps described below into
Row:
Data needed for S1, acquisition fully-loaded stream multiple purpose reservoir flood regulation by level and stages optimizing control models, i.e.,:Acquisition
Day by day rainfall data, flood element data, diameter in fully-loaded stream multiple purpose reservoir flood regulation by level and stages optimization coverage
Stream and silt discharge data, the characteristic parameter of reservoir, reservoir requirements of comprehensive utilization data;
S2, foundation simultaneously store the division of flood seasonal phases point recognition methods of fully-loaded stream multiple purpose reservoir, i.e.,:With meteorology because of analysis
Based on method, Statistics Method, fuzzy clustering algorithm, fractal analysis, Distribution of Vortexes By The Method of Circular Statistics, to the reservoir upstream and downstream relevant range
Rainfall and Reservoir Flood silt inbound station, downstream flood control control station flow, silt content by stages analyzed by feature, by above-mentioned
A variety of methods are mutually authenticated, and identify the division of flood seasonal phases point of fully-loaded stream multiple purpose reservoir upstream and downstream flood sediment;
S3, foundation simultaneously store flood regulation by level and stages scheme, i.e.,:According to the recognition result of the division of flood seasonal phases point, calculate and divide
Division of flood seasonal phases design flood is analysed, subtracts the limitation index of silt and comprehensive utilization in combination with flood control, drafts flood regulation by level and stages scheme;
S4, foundation simultaneously store fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization, i.e.,:It is managed based on network analysis
By with least risk of controlling flood, subtracting silt and influence that minimum, comprehensive utilization benefit is optimal for object function, with control condition of controlling flood, flood control
Characteristic level of water is constraint, calculates flood control risks, subtracts silt influence, comprehensive utilization benefit index, builds flood regulation by level and stages multiple target
Optimized model;
Flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization described in S5, solution fully-loaded stream, i.e.,:According to the flood control wind of calculating
Danger subtracts silt influence, comprehensive utilization benefit index, passes through more mesh that artificial neural network is fed back based on fuzzy preferred process and error
Evaluation method overall merit is marked, supports flood season limit level Optimal Decision-making;
S6, generation simultaneously export fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages prioritization scheme, i.e.,:With flood regulation by level and stages prioritization scheme
And its flood resource increases storage capacity to show fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages optimal control policy.
The present invention is based on the specific optimisation systems of the fully-loaded stream multiple purpose reservoir flood regulation by level and stages optimization method
System, including:
Data acquisition module, for acquiring in fully-loaded stream multiple purpose reservoir flood regulation by level and stages optimization coverage
Day by day rainfall data, flood element data, runoff and silt discharge data, the characteristic parameter of reservoir, reservoir requirements of comprehensive utilization number
According to;
Identification module is put by stages, the data that the data acquisition module is sent is received, with meteorology because of analytic approach, mathematical statistics
Based on method, fuzzy clustering algorithm, fractal analysis, Distribution of Vortexes By The Method of Circular Statistics, coverage is optimized to the reservoir flood regulation by level and stages
Interior daily rainfall, storage instantaneous flow, intraday effect, per day silt content are analyzed, identification fully-loaded stream comprehensive utilization
Reservoir point by stages;
Flood regulation by level and stages programming module, receive it is described put identification module data by stages, calculate and analyze division of flood seasonal phases
Design flood subtracts the limitation index of silt and comprehensive utilization in combination with flood control, drafts flood regulation by level and stages scheme;
Fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization builds module, receives the flood regulation by level and stages scheme
The data of module transmission are drafted, for establishing fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization;
Fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization solve module, for the fully-loaded stream by stages
Flood season limit level Model for Multi-Objective Optimization is solved;
Fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages control strategy output module, for export flood regulation by level and stages prioritization scheme and
Its flood resource increases storage capacity.
The method have the advantages that based on fully-loaded stream division of flood seasonal phases characteristic, by putting knowledge by stages to rainfall, flood, silt
Not, fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization is established, according to the flood control risks of calculating, subtracts silt influence, comprehensive
Utilization benefit index is commented by the multi-objective assessment method synthesis that artificial neural network is fed back based on fuzzy preferred process and error
Valency so as to solve fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization, determines fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages most
Excellent control strategy, to realize that the optimization of fully-loaded stream multiple purpose reservoir flood regulation by level and stages provides a kind of effective way.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the optimization method flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the hydrometric station day max-flow spirogram that the embodiment of the present invention is used to put identification by stages.
Fig. 3 is the hydrometric station day maximum sediment concentration figure that the embodiment of the present invention is used to put identification by stages.
Fig. 4 is that the embodiment of the present invention solves the flow chart calculated for model optimization.
Fig. 5 is that the embodiment of the present invention is used for multi-object evaluation model training figure.
Specific embodiment
For ease of a further understanding of the present invention, now make by taking the Yellow River mainstream Xiaolangdi Dam Project as an example further specifically
It is bright:
As shown in Figure 2-5, fully-loaded stream multiple purpose reservoir flood regulation by level and stages optimization method of the present invention, according to
Following step carries out:
Controlling multiple purpose reservoir Xiaolangdi Dam Project flood regulation by level and stages optimization on S1, acquisition fully-loaded stream the Yellow River
Data needed for Controlling model, i.e.,:Acquire Tongguan, Huayuankou, three flowers in Xiaolangdi Dam Project flood regulation by level and stages optimization coverage
Between wait station or the data of rainfall day by day, flood element data, runoff and the silt discharge data in section, the characteristic parameter of reservoir, reservoir
Requirements of comprehensive utilization data;
S2, foundation simultaneously store Xiaolangdi Dam Project and put recognition methods by stages, and the fully-loaded stream multiple purpose reservoir is by stages
Flood season limit level analysis method is:With meteorology because of analytic approach, Statistics Method, fuzzy clustering algorithm, fractal analysis, Distribution of Vortexes By The Method of Circular Statistics
Based on multi-method analytical technology, to daily rainfall in the range of Xiaolangdi Dam Project upstream and downstream correlation basin, storage instantaneous flow, put down day
Equal flow, per day silt content are analyzed, and identify Xiaolangdi Dam Project division of flood seasonal phases point;By to Xiaolangdi Dam Project and its correlation
Regional Representative stands and control interval carries out multi-method and puts identification by stages, selectes August 20 days, September 10 days, October 10 are correlation water
Library represents station and control interval point by stages;
S3, foundation simultaneously store Xiaolangdi Dam Project flood regulation by level and stages scheme;I.e. according to recognition result is put by stages, analysis is related
It stands and the division of flood seasonal phases design flood in section, while subtracts the limitation index of silt and comprehensive utilization according to Xiaolangdi Dam Project flood control, intend
Fixed multigroup flood regulation by level and stages scheme;
S4, foundation simultaneously store fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization, receive flood regulation by level and stages side
The data that case module is sent based on Phylogenetic position, with least risk of controlling flood, subtract silt influence minimum, comprehensive utilization benefit most
Excellent is object function, is constraint with control condition of controlling flood, characteristic water stage etc., calculates flood control risks, subtracts silt influence, comprehensive profit
With performance indicator, flood season limit level Model for Multi-Objective Optimization is built.
Flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization described in S5, solution fully-loaded stream, i.e.,:According to the flood control wind of calculating
Danger subtracts silt influence, comprehensive utilization benefit index, passes through more mesh that artificial neural network is fed back based on fuzzy preferred process and error
Evaluation method overall merit is marked, supports flood season limit level Optimal Decision-making;
Fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization object function is:
In formula, S represents flood season limit level prioritization scheme,RepresentA comprehensive utilization desired value,Represent comprehensive utilization target number.
The main constraints of flood season limit level Model for Multi-Objective Optimization are:
(1)Water balance constrains
In formula,Is represented respectivelyA calculation interval just and period end storage capacity;Is represented respectivelyIt is a
The average reservoir inflow and average storage outflow of calculation interval;For material calculation;
(2)Restriction of water level
In formula,Flood control control is represented respectively calculates peak level and flood end reservoir filling position;
The peak level of flood control permission and the peak level of reservoir refill are represented respectively;
(3)Traffic constraints
In formula,Maximum letdown flow is represented,It represents flood control control and lets out requirement;It representsWater level
Under letdown flow,Represent the maximum discharge capacity under equivalent water level;Represent stream during flow-sediment regulation
Amount,Represent traffic requirement range during flow-sediment regulation;Represent minimum discharging flow,
It represents minimum ecological discharge control and lets out requirement;In addition, water force constraint, meter of contributing are also related in model solution calculating process
Operator restraint etc.;
S6, fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages control strategy output scheme, i.e.,:With flood regulation by level and stages optimal case and
Its flood resource increases storage capacity to show fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages optimal control policy.
By solving Xiaolangdi Dam Project flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization, the optimal side of flood regulation by level and stages is proposed
Case, it is 1.59 hundred million m that program flood resource, which increases storage capacity,3。
The present embodiment is analyzed as follows:
(1)Point identification and seasonal design flood calculate by stages
Little Valleys In The Middle Reaches of The Yellow river mouth town ~ 168 ~ 673, Huayuankou section precipitation station is chosen as station is represented and carries out rainfall point by stages
Identification, flood series carries out flood as representative and puts identification, selection Tongguan station by stages between selection Tongguan station, Huayuankou Station, three flowers
Identification is put by stages, while consider the Cause of Meteorological Formation, comprehensive analysis selectes August 20, October 10 was as progress silt of standing is represented
Division of flood seasonal phases point between three flowers;Select September 10, October 10 was Tongguan, the point by stages in Huayuankou Station flood season.
The seasonal design flood in each station and section is analyzed, chooses typical flood, is formed according to different Flood Regions, design
Peb process.
(2)Flood regulation by level and stages programming
In point identification and seasonal design flood performance basis by stages, the limitation for subtracting silt and comprehensive utilization with reference to flood control refers to
Mark, drafts Xiaolangdi Dam Project flood regulation by level and stages scheme, is shown in Table 1.
1 Xiaolangdi Dam Project flood regulation by level and stages scheme table of table
。
(3)Flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization builds and solves
Based on Phylogenetic position, with least risk of controlling flood, subtract silt influence minimum and power generation, supply water, irrigate etc. it is a variety of emerging
Sharp benefit is up to object function, subtracts silt with characteristic water level of reservoir, flood control and ecological flow control lets out requirement etc. as constraint, calculate anti-
Big vast risk subtracts silt influence, comprehensive utilization benefit index, builds flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization.
According to different flood regulation by level and stages schemes, by the Yellow River middle and lower reaches series-parallel connection multi-reservoir combine Flood Control Dispatch calculate,
Xiaolangdi Dam Project and the calculating of downstream river course hydraulics erosion and deposition etc. calculate flood control risks, subtract silt influence, comprehensive utilization benefit index, see
Table 2.
2 flood season limit level scheme difference index feature value table to be optimized of table
。
According to the flood control risks of calculating, subtract silt influence, comprehensive utilization benefit index, by being based on fuzzy preferred process and mistake
The multi-objective assessment method overall merit of difference feedback artificial neural network.For 4 schemes drafted, by obscuring preferred process
And error feedback artificial neural network training is non-thread to obtain complexity of each scheme between the relative defects value of optimal case
Sexual intercourse calculates the optimal relative defects of different schemes, and carries out trap queuing, each flood regulation by level and stages side of overall merit
The risk benefit of case, is shown in Table 3.
3 flood season limit level scheme Multi-target evaluation outcome table to be optimized of table
。
(4)Effect analysis
According to Xiaolangdi Dam Project flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization evaluation result, recommend using scheme four, i.e., three
Men Xia, Huayuankou are using September 10 days and the point by stages on October 10, and between three flowers using August 20 days and October 10 by stages
Point.Accordingly, Xiaolangdi Dam Project is divided into 1 day~August in July 20 on 1 day~October of July in flood season 31,21 days~September of August 10
Day, September 11~October 10,11~October of October 31 etc. 4 used by stages, corresponding flood season limit level difference
For 254m, 260m, 266m and 271m.Through carrying out tune calculation to the Typical Year for containing rich, flat, withered three kinds of waters, the program can be in flood
End at least increases by 1.59 hundred million m of reservoir storage every year compared with existing scheme3。
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is based on the specific optimisation systems of the multiple purpose reservoir flood regulation by level and stages optimization method
System, including:
Data acquisition module, for acquiring rainfall number day by day in multiple purpose reservoir flood regulation by level and stages optimization coverage
According to, flood element data, runoff and silt discharge data, the characteristic parameter of reservoir, reservoir requirements of comprehensive utilization data;
Identification module is put by stages, the data that the data acquisition module is sent is received, with meteorology because of analytic approach, mathematical statistics
Based on method, fuzzy clustering algorithm, fractal analysis, Distribution of Vortexes By The Method of Circular Statistics, coverage is optimized to the reservoir flood regulation by level and stages
Interior daily rainfall, storage instantaneous flow, intraday effect, per day silt content are analyzed, identification fully-loaded stream comprehensive utilization
Reservoir point by stages;
Flood regulation by level and stages programming module, receive it is described put identification module data by stages, calculate and analyze division of flood seasonal phases
Design flood subtracts the limitation index of silt and comprehensive utilization in combination with flood control, drafts flood regulation by level and stages scheme;
Fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization builds module, receives the flood regulation by level and stages scheme
The data of module transmission are drafted, for establishing fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization;
Fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization solve module, for the fully-loaded stream by stages
Flood season limit level Model for Multi-Objective Optimization is solved;
Fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages control strategy output module, for export flood regulation by level and stages prioritization scheme and
Its flood resource increases storage capacity.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of fully-loaded stream multiple purpose reservoir flood regulation by level and stages optimization method, it is characterised in that:As steps described below
It carries out:
Data needed for S1, acquisition fully-loaded stream multiple purpose reservoir flood regulation by level and stages optimizing control models, i.e.,:Acquisition synthesis
Using reservoir flood regulation by level and stages optimization coverage in day by day rainfall data, flood element data, runoff and silt discharge data,
The characteristic parameter of reservoir, reservoir requirements of comprehensive utilization data;
S2, foundation simultaneously store the division of flood seasonal phases point recognition methods of fully-loaded stream multiple purpose reservoir, i.e.,:With meteorology because analytic approach,
Based on Statistics Method, fuzzy clustering algorithm, fractal analysis, Distribution of Vortexes By The Method of Circular Statistics, the reservoir upstream and downstream relevant range is dropped
Rain and Reservoir Flood silt inbound station, downstream flood control control station flow, silt content by stages analyzed by feature, by more mud
Multiple purpose reservoir is flowed in Shahe and its relevant range represents station and control interval carries out multi-method and puts identification by stages;
S3, foundation simultaneously store flood regulation by level and stages scheme, i.e.,:According to the recognition result of the division of flood seasonal phases point, analysis flood is calculated
Phase seasonal design flood subtracts the limitation index of silt and comprehensive utilization in combination with flood control, drafts flood regulation by level and stages scheme;
S4, the data that flood regulation by level and stages scheme module is sent are received, establish and stores fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages and is more
Objective optimization model, i.e.,:Based on Phylogenetic position, with least risk of controlling flood, subtract silt and influence that minimum, comprehensive utilization benefit is optimal
For object function, using control condition of controlling flood, characteristic water stage as constraint, calculate flood control risks, subtract silt influence, comprehensive utilization effect
Beneficial index builds flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization;
Wherein, the fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization object function is:
In formula,Flood season limit level prioritization scheme is represented,RepresentA comprehensive utilization desired value,
Represent comprehensive utilization target number;
The main constraints of the flood season limit level Model for Multi-Objective Optimization are:
Water balance constrains
In formula,、Is represented respectivelyA calculation interval just and period end storage capacity;、Is represented respectivelyA calculating
The average reservoir inflow and average storage outflow of period;For material calculation;
Restriction of water level
In formula,、Flood control control is represented respectively calculates peak level and flood end reservoir filling position;、Respectively
Represent the peak level of flood control permission and the peak level of reservoir refill;
Traffic constraints
In formula,Maximum letdown flow is represented,It represents flood control control and lets out requirement;It representsUnder water level
Letdown flow,Represent the maximum discharge capacity under equivalent water level;Represent stream during flow-sediment regulation
Amount,Represent traffic requirement range during flow-sediment regulation;Represent minimum discharging flow,It represents minimum ecological discharge control and lets out requirement;In addition, also related in model solution calculating process water force constraint,
Output calculation constrains;
Flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization described in S5, solution fully-loaded stream, i.e.,:According to the flood control risks of calculating,
Subtract silt influence, comprehensive utilization benefit index, pass through the multiple target that artificial neural network is fed back based on fuzzy preferred process and error
Evaluation method overall merit supports flood season limit level Optimal Decision-making;
S6, generation simultaneously export fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages prioritization scheme, i.e.,:With flood regulation by level and stages prioritization scheme and its
Flood resource increases storage capacity to show fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages optimal control policy.
2. the specific optimisation system based on fully-loaded stream multiple purpose reservoir flood regulation by level and stages optimization method described in claim 1
System, it is characterised in that:Including:
Data acquisition module, for acquiring in fully-loaded stream multiple purpose reservoir flood regulation by level and stages optimization coverage day by day
Rainfall data, flood element data, runoff and silt discharge data, the characteristic parameter of reservoir, reservoir requirements of comprehensive utilization data;
Put identification module by stages, receive the data that the data acquisition module is sent, with meteorology because analytic approach, Statistics Method,
Based on fuzzy clustering algorithm, fractal analysis, Distribution of Vortexes By The Method of Circular Statistics, to day in reservoir flood regulation by level and stages optimization coverage
Rainfall, storage instantaneous flow, intraday effect, per day silt content are analyzed, and identify fully-loaded stream multiple purpose reservoir
Point by stages;
Flood regulation by level and stages programming module, receive it is described put identification module data by stages, calculate analysis division of flood seasonal phases and design
Flood subtracts the limitation index of silt and comprehensive utilization in combination with flood control, drafts flood regulation by level and stages scheme;
Fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization builds module, receives the flood regulation by level and stages programming
The data that module is sent, for establishing fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization;
Fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages Model for Multi-Objective Optimization solves module, for the fully-loaded stream, flood to limit by stages
Water level Model for Multi-Objective Optimization is solved;
Fully-loaded stream flood regulation by level and stages control strategy output module, for exporting flood regulation by level and stages prioritization scheme and its flood
Water resource increases storage capacity.
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