CN106202852A - A kind of space quantitative identification method of vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type - Google Patents
A kind of space quantitative identification method of vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the space quantitative identification method of a kind of new vegetation ecosystem system weather sensitive strip type, the method comprises three steps: first, expands HLZ category of model system, builds the criterion of vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type；Secondly, use high-precision curved modeling (HASM) method that climatic data is carried out space interpolation simulation, it is thus achieved that the supplemental characteristics such as average organism temperature, average precipitation and potential evapotranspiration rate on each grid；Finally, run the space quantitative judge model of vegetation ecological system weather-sensitive belt type, judge whether each grid cell belongs to weather-sensitive band, and complete the type assignment of vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type and the quantitative judge of spatial framework thereof and rapid extraction.The method can carry out quantitative judge and extraction to vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type and spatial framework thereof effectively, and has the strongest operability and practicality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the space quantitative identification method of a kind of vegetation ecosystem system weather sensitive strip type, it is adaptable to Global climate change and life thereof
State effect study field.
Background technology
Vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive band is as the region most sensitive to climate change and mankind's activity, on its landscape level of what is more important
Species richness wants neighbour near non-sensitive region high, and the change in time and space situation of ecosystem structure and general layout the most more can become by direct reaction weather
Change and ecosystem is affected.The dynamically change of vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive band bounds and fluctuation, be that natural climate is become by terrestrial ecosystems
Change and the comprehensive response results of function of human activities.Therefore, vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type and Spatial Distribution Pattern change ratio thereof are non-sensitive
Band is with greater need for concern, and the most to a certain extent, the change in time and space of vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive band opens important finger in global change research due
It is shown as using.The space quantitative judge of vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type, to improving whole world change Adaptation strategy and mitigation of climate change to planting
Significant by the impact of type and covering change thereof.
The most both at home and abroad the climate change fact of vegetation ecosystem is carried out substantial amounts of observation statistical analysis and the process simulation of micro-scale, but right
Spatial analysis and the quantification identification of the vegetation ecosystem of middle macro-scale are still in the starting stage.Although it addition, current background of global climate change
Under vegetation ecosystem type and the quantitative analysis of general layout make significant progress, but these researchs seldom relate to its weather-sensitive band class
Type and the quantitative judge of Spatial Distribution Pattern thereof and analysis and research.Such as, although Holdridge is life zone (HLZ) model (Holdridge, L.R., 1947.
Determination of world plant formations from simple climate data.Science 105 (2727), 367-368.) obtain in the whole world at present
To extensively application, but cannot be directly used to quantitative judge and the simulation of vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type.And it is domestic from 70 years 20th century
Three grades of sensitive strip of China and spatial distribution thereof is determined according to substantial amounts of integrated survey, statistical analysis and the expertise knowledge learned for scientist older generation
Since approximate range, most research worker are while the ecosystem sensitivity research to vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive band, seldom to it
Whether the scope studied belongs to weather-sensitive band and the vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive band of which kind quantitatively determines and analyzes.Namely
Say and domestic grind about vegetation ecosystem sensitive strip intra-zone or the vulnerability of ecosystem of adjacent area and the statistical analysis of climatic sensitivity
Study carefully more, be especially concentrated mainly on the interaction mechanism to vegetation-weather and carried out systematic analysis and research field, and for vegetation ecosystem
Quantitative judge and the spatial analysis of weather-sensitive belt type are the most extremely rare.
Therefore, in order to build vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type space quantitative judge rule, it is achieved vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type
The dose of Spatial Distribution Pattern and space mapping, need a kind of science of structure badly and effective space quantitative identification method.The present invention is directed to HLZ
The model parameter of model is discrete point rather than the model of continuous space grid cell limitation, on the basis of category of model mechanism is expanded, it is proposed that
A kind of spacial analytical method being applicable to vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive band quantitative judge.The method not only compensate for original model merely with discrete point
Outside the data defect as mode input parameter, and through model being judged the expansion of mechanism and deriving, it is possible to effectively to vegetation ecosystem gas
Wait sensitive strip type and Spatial Distribution Pattern carries out quantitative judge and extraction, there is the strongest operability simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is intended to revise and expand HLZ model and combine other spatial simulation methods, proposes a kind of vegetation ecosystem system gas
Wait the space quantitative identification method of sensitive strip type, it is achieved vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type in macro-scale and Spatial Distribution Pattern thereof
Quantitative judge and rapid extraction, thus solve how quantitative judge and extract vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type and the section of spatial distribution scope thereof
Knowledge is inscribed, thus provides method and technical support for further investigation and exploration ecosystem to the response of Global climate change.To achieve these goals,
The key technology scheme that the present invention uses comprises the following steps:
Whole techniqueflow is broadly divided into three steps, is first the classification mechanism expanding HLZ model, builds vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive band
The criterion of type；Secondly by the climatic data of meteorological station long-term observation being carried out pretreatment, use high-precision curved modeling (HASM)
On the basis of method carries out spatial simulation, and space statistical analysis, it is thus achieved that the temperature of average organism for many years on each grid cell of survey region, many
The supplemental characteristics such as mean annual precipitation and potential evapotranspiration ratio；Finally by high-quality climate parameter spatial data, the judgement mark of all kinds of weather-sensitive band
Accurate as mode input parameter, run the space quantitative judge of vegetation ecological system weather-sensitive belt type and analyze model, spatially realizing each
Whether grid cell belongs to the judgement of weather-sensitive band, type assignment and Spatial Distribution Pattern is extracted.
The first step, the critical parameter of acquisition vegetation climatic ecology system weather sensitive strip type quantitative judge, realized by three below step；
1-1) HLZ model is expanded, build the criterion that vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type is carried out quantitative judge；
1-2) each class vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type is divided and defines；
1-3) solve the boundary threshold of each discriminant parameter of each class vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type.
Second step, the climatic data of acquisition survey region high spatial resolution, realized by three below step；
2-1) the long-term observation data of the collection research region meteorological observation station, are converted into space attribute data after pretreatment；
2-2) use High Accuracy Surface Modeling method (HASM), climatic data is carried out high-precision spatial simulation, it is thus achieved that annual biotemperature number
According to mean annual precipitation data；
2-3) use spatial statistics method, it is thus achieved that average potential evapotranspiration ratio data.
3rd step, the space quantitative judge of vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type, realized by following two step.
3-1) set up the space quantitative judge model of vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type, whether each grid of survey region is belonged to transition
District carries out quantitative identification, it is thus achieved that the area of space of all kinds of vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt types；
3-2) use the boundary threshold of each class vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type, the vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive to whole survey region
Belt type and spatial distribution thereof carry out quantitatively judging and assignment, and then obtain the spatial distribution scope of all kinds of vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive band, and defeated
Go out recognition result.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the main flow schematic diagram of the present invention
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further elaborated.
Should be appreciated that detailed description of the invention described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
The invention discloses the space quantitative identification method of a kind of vegetation ecosystem system weather sensitive strip type as shown in Figure 1, comprise the following steps:
The first step, the criterion of acquisition vegetation climatic ecology system weather sensitive strip type quantitative judge；
Second step, the climate parameter data of acquisition high spatial resolution；
3rd step, the space quantitative judge of vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type.
Hereinafter concrete steps are described in detail:
The critical parameter of vegetation climatic ecology system weather sensitive strip type quantitative judge obtains.The method is based on GIS spacial analytical method, right
On the basis of HLZ model parameter form, operational mode improve, by average organism temperature, mean precipitation and potential evapotranspiration ratio in its taxonomic hierarchies
The equilateral triangle that rate graduation mark intersects is defined as vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive band (adjacent orthohexagonal crossing area in former HLZ model),
Thus set up the theoretical differentiation system of vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type.Circular is: according to the vegetation ecosystem redefined
Weather-sensitive band differentiate system, calculate the average annual biotemperature of each class vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive band boundary threshold (Unit
For DEG C), the boundary threshold of average annual precipitation (, unit is mm) and potential evapotranspiration ratio boundary threshold ().Such as, cold
Temperate district shrubbery, grassland and north arid shrubbery are interlocked the average annual biotemperature of weather-sensitive belt type, mean annual precipitation and potential evapotranspiration ratio
Boundary threshold be respectively more than 6.0 DEG C, less than 250mm with less than 2.00), and then build quantitative judge all vegetation ecosystem weather transition
The criterion set of belt type boundary threshold, whole set includes the discrimination standard value of 49 class vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt types.
The acquisition of high spatial resolution climate parameter data.The spatial resolution of climatic data and data precision are directly connected to vegetation ecosystem weather
The accuracy of sensitive strip type quantitative judge.The method selects climatic data spatial simulation precision inverse distance-weighting to be far above model (IDW), triangle
The HASM method of the traditional classical interpolation models such as pessimistic concurrency control (TIN), John Cregan model (Kriging) and Spline-Interpolation Model (Spline), it is achieved Nian Ping
All high-precision spatial simulations of biotemperature, mean precipitation.HASM method is the error problem in order to solve existing curved surface modeling method, uses song
The method that face opinion fundamental theorem carries out curved surface modeling.For space lattice (xi, yj), 0≤i≤I+1,0≤j≤J+1, based on Gauss equation
HASM method can be expressed as least square problem (the Yue TX.Surface Modelling:High Accuracy and High Speed of equality constraint
Methods.New York:CRC Press, 2011):
S ∈ R in formula (1)K×(I*J)With t ∈ RK×1Being respectively sampling matrix and vector of samples, K is sampled point number.
Obtaining in the range of survey region on the basis of the high spatial resolution raster data of annual biotemperature and average precipitation, annual is raw
Scatterplot statistics empirical equation (Holdridge, L.R., 1947.Determination of world between thing temperature, average precipitation and potential evapotranspiration ratio
Plant formations from simple climate data.Science 105 (2727), 367-368.) apply to, in the middle of space statistical analysis, calculate
Corresponding potential evapotranspiration rate spatial distribution data in the range of survey region, thus it is quantitative finally to obtain vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type space
Identify the high spatial resolution needed for model and high-precision climate parameter data.According to annual biotemperature and average precipitation, revised latent
SPATIAL CALCULATION formula at the ratio that evapotranspires can be expressed as:
In formula (2), (x, y), (x, y) (x, (x, potential evapotranspiration ratio, annual y) are biological y) to be respectively space lattice unit with TAP for MAB for PER
Temperature and potential evapotranspiration ratio.
Vegetation climatic ecology system weather sensitive strip type quantitative judge.During the realization of this step, first according to 49 set up in step one
The discrimination standard value of class vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type, the space building the vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type on grid level is divided
Analysis model, its space differentiates that computing formula can be expressed as:
VECSZ (x, y) representation space grid cell (x, the assignment type of vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive band y) put in formula (3).Work as space lattice
(x, y) (x, y), (x, y) (x y) is unsatisfactory for the differentiation mark of any kind vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type to MAB to the PER at place to unit with TAP
On time, by space lattice unit, (x, y) (x, y) value is assigned to 0 to the VECSZ at place, represents that (x, y) the vegetation ecosystem type at place is not belonging to grid cell
Weather-sensitive band；If (x, y) (x, y), (x, y) (x y) meets 49 class vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive to MAB to the PER at place to grid cell with TAP
During any kind in belt type discrimination standard, then by space lattice unit, (x, y) (x, y) value is assigned to corresponding weather-sensitive belt type to the VECSZ at place.
In this model and all of quantitative identification process, all utilize programming and arithmetic programming to realize on grid level, use criterion of identification and differentiate rule
Then, it is contrasted with the criterion of identification set of vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type, thus carry out each grid cell judging to identify
And assignment, until complete the judgement identification of all grid cells.Final acquisition whole survey region all vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive band class
Type and the quantitative judge of Spatial Distribution Pattern thereof.
Utilize the method for the present invention to grinding that national vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type and spatial distribution thereof are identified and automatically extract
Studying carefully result to show, the analog result of the method can the most automatically identify and extract the sincere scientist such as just of leafing and propose at the whole world change Pre feasibility of China
Three grades of Vegetation of China ecosystem weather-sensitive bands and spatial distribution (Ye Duzheng edits, the whole world change Pre feasibility of China, Beijing: meteorological publish
Society, 1992) arid/semiarid climate of the southeast, it may be assumed that 1) extending to Qinghai-Tibet Platean from east Inner Mongolia southwester think the southeast moistening/semi-moist season
The vegetation ecological system of pathogenic wind time transition, with weather-sensitive band/Agro-grazing ecotone, is called one-level sensitive strip；2) along Ordos Plateau west side until orchid
Near state/Xining, and westwards along the desert/grassland/Alpine vegetation ecosystem sensitive strip in northern foot to border, China western part, Qinghai-Tibet Platean, it is called two grades
Sensitive strip；3) be distributed in from north orientation south in east China forest cover district taiga/temperate zone mixed coniferous broad leaved forest/Temperate Forest Ecosystems/
Vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive band between Subtropical Evergreen Broad-leaf Forest/Tropical rain forest, is called three grades of sensitive strip.The method decapacitation the most automatically identify and
Extract beyond above three big vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive bands, additionally it is possible to automatically identify and extract the Alpine vegetation ecosystem being distributed in Qinghai-Tibet Platean
Weather-sensitive band.
Claims (1)
1. a space quantitative identification method for vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type, its step includes:
The first step, the critical parameter of acquisition vegetation climatic ecology system weather sensitive strip type quantitative judge, realized by three below step；
1-1) HLZ model is expanded, build the criterion that vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type is carried out quantitative judge；
1-2) each class vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type is divided and defines；
1-3) solve the boundary threshold of each discriminant parameter of each class vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type.
Second step, the climatic data of acquisition survey region high spatial resolution, realized by three below step；
2-1) the long-term observation data of the collection research region meteorological observation station, are converted into space attribute data after pretreatment；
2-2) use High Accuracy Surface Modeling (HASM) method, climatic data is carried out high-precision spatial simulation, it is thus achieved that annual biotemperature number
According to mean annual precipitation data；
2-3) use spatial statistics method, it is thus achieved that average potential evapotranspiration ratio data.
3rd step, the space quantitative judge of vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type, realized by following two step.
3-1) set up the space quantitative judge model of vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type, whether each grid of survey region was belonged to
Cross district and carry out quantitative identification, it is thus achieved that the area of space of all kinds of vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt types；
3-2) use the boundary threshold of each class vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive belt type, quick to the vegetation ecosystem weather of whole survey region
Sense belt type and spatial distribution thereof carry out quantitatively judging and assignment, and then obtain the spatial distribution scope of all kinds of vegetation ecosystem weather-sensitive band, and
Output recognition result.
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| CN114897630B (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-11-18 | 生态环境部卫星环境应用中心 | Vegetation growth optimum temperature estimation method and device |
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