CN106199452B - A kind of power lithium-ion battery functional status evaluation method - Google Patents
A kind of power lithium-ion battery functional status evaluation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106199452B CN106199452B CN201610720267.7A CN201610720267A CN106199452B CN 106199452 B CN106199452 B CN 106199452B CN 201610720267 A CN201610720267 A CN 201610720267A CN 106199452 B CN106199452 B CN 106199452B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of evaluation methods of power lithium-ion battery functional status comprising and it is electrically operated to the lithium battery progress charge and discharge after partial volume using the electric current less than 1C, survey its weight, AC internal Resistance, thickness and appearance scoring；It discharges again, detects to obtain its discharge capacity and discharge energy；When it is 30-80% that lithium battery, which is discharged to its remaining capacity, its power is tested with mixed pulses power testing method and obtains power density；It is completely filled again, completely puts circulation, and every circulation repeats the above steps operation until its functional status SOF is less than 0.6 after 100 weeks, and record operates measured numerical value every time respectively；The functional status of lithium battery was obtained using weighted mean method.It by the assessment of battery functi on state, scents a hidden danger ahead of time, makes targetedly defensive measure, be conducive to the maintenance and use of battery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of lithium ion, and in particular to a kind of power lithium-ion battery functional status estimation side
Method.
Background technique
In recent years in face of environmental pollution, the threat of energy crisis these increasingly serious problems, countries in the world all are stepping up to grind
Generate electricity electrical automobile.Electric car becomes the emphasis of Mirae Corp.'s development, but wherein conduct with the free of contamination feature of its safety and environmental protection
The battery in electric powered motor source becomes the bottleneck of limitation Development of Electric Vehicles.Battery management system is as monitoring and management battery
The key of system guarantees that battery system normal occlusion science and engineering is made by charge and discharge balancing management, and battery management system to battery and
Functional status (SOF) estimation of battery pack is most important to the management of battery management system, passes through accurate reasonable functional status
Input can improve the service life of battery system, and improve battery utilization rate.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of evaluation methods of power lithium-ion battery functional status.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that：
A kind of evaluation method of power lithium-ion battery functional status comprising following steps：
(1) electrically operated to the lithium battery progress charge and discharge after partial volume using the electric current less than 1C, and completely fill, completely put circulation five
Week；
(2) weight, AC internal Resistance, thickness and appearance scoring through step (1) treated lithium battery are detected respectively；
(3) it is discharged again the lithium battery after step (2) detection, detects to obtain its discharge capacity and discharge energy number
Value；
(4) it when it is 30-80% that lithium battery, which is discharged to its remaining capacity, is surveyed with mixed pulses power testing method (HPPC)
Its power is tried, the performance number is then obtained into power density divided by the weight of lithium battery；
(5) after discharging lithium battery remaining capacity, then it is completely filled, completely puts circulation, and every circulation repeats after 100 weeks
Above-mentioned steps (2)-(4) operate until its functional status SOF is less than 0.6, and record operates measured lithium every time respectively
Battery weight, AC internal Resistance, thickness, appearance scoring, discharge capacity, discharge energy and power density numerical value；
(6) the increment rate D of the thickness of lithium battery, internal resistance increase when calculating separately each detection relative to previous detection
Rate R, capacity retention ratio C, energy conservation rate Q and power conservation rate P, specially：
The increment rate of thicknessWherein n indicates the number of detection；Dn, Dn+1 are respectively indicated to be examined twice
The thickness of the lithium battery of survey；
Internal resistance increase rateWherein n indicates the number of detection；Rn、Rn+1It respectively indicates and twice detects
The AC internal Resistance of lithium battery；
Capacity retention ratioWherein n indicates the number of detection；Cn、Cn+1Respectively indicate the lithium battery detected twice
Discharge capacity；
Energy conservation rateWherein n indicates the number of detection；Qn、Qn+1Respectively indicate the lithium battery detected twice
Discharge energy；
Power conservation rateWherein n indicates the number of detection；Pn、Pn+1Respectively indicate the lithium battery detected twice
Power density；
(7) weighted mean method is used, calculates the functional status SOF of lithium battery as follows,
SOF=(C+R+P+Q+D+W)/6
In formula：SOF is functional status, and C is capacity retention ratio, and R is internal resistance increase rate, and P is power conservation rate, and Q is energy
Conservation rate, D is thickness increment rate, W is appearance scoring.
Further scheme, appearance scoring refers to be observed with appearance of the microscope to lithium battery, complete appearance without
Damaged is denoted as 1, has damaged then functional status SOF to be assessed as 0；
When capacity retention ratio is down to the 80% of capacity retention ratio for the first time, then functional status SOF is assessed as 0；
When power conservation rate is down to the 50% of power conservation rate for the first time, then functional status SOF is assessed as 0；
When internal resistance increase rate is down to the 50% of internal resistance increase rate drop for the first time, then functional status SOF is assessed as 0；
When thickness increment rate is down to the 30% of thickness increment rate for the first time, then functional status SOF is assessed as 0.
Further scheme, the charge and discharge of lithium battery is electrically operated and lithium battery weight, AC internal Resistance, thickness, appearance score, discharge
The detection of capacity, discharge energy and power density carries out at a temperature of 23 ± 2 DEG C.
The present invention passes through quality, thickness, internal resistance increase rate, appearance scoring and discharge capacity to lithium battery, electric discharge energy
The detection of amount, then calculate separately out capacity retention ratio, internal resistance increase rate, power conservation rate, energy conservation rate, thickness increment rate；
To obtain the functional status SOF of lithium battery, to improve the service life of battery system, and battery utilization rate is improved.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The present invention passes through capacity retention ratio, internal resistance increase rate, power conservation rate, energy conservation rate, thickness increment rate and outer
The building for seeing this six functional status appraising models that score breaches and current single uses capacity as judging power lithium-ion battery
The status of state, to more really reflect the functional status of lithium battery, providing for Li-ion Battery Management System can
The data basis leaned on more really estimates the comprehensive state of battery system, brings better driving to new-energy automobile user
Experience.
By the assessment to battery functi on state, available battery is from capacity, energy, power, resistance value and appearance and knot
Functional status in terms of component is horizontal, scents a hidden danger ahead of time, makes targetedly defensive measure, to be conducive to the maintenance of battery
With use.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1：
A kind of evaluation method of power lithium-ion battery functional status comprising following steps：
(1) electrically operated to the lithium battery progress charge and discharge after partial volume using the electric current less than 1C, and completely fill, completely put circulation five
Week；
(2) weight, AC internal Resistance, thickness and appearance scoring through step (1) treated lithium battery are detected respectively；
(3) it is discharged again the lithium battery after step (2) detection, detects to obtain its discharge capacity and discharge energy number
Value；
(4) it when it is 30-80% that lithium battery, which is discharged to its remaining capacity, is surveyed with mixed pulses power testing method (HPPC)
Its power is tried, the performance number is then obtained into power density divided by the weight of lithium battery；
(5) after discharging lithium battery remaining capacity, then it is completely filled, completely puts circulation, and every circulation repeats after 100 weeks
Above-mentioned steps (2)-(4) operate until its functional status SOF is less than 0.6, and record operates measured lithium every time respectively
Battery weight, AC internal Resistance, thickness, appearance scoring, discharge capacity, discharge energy and power density numerical value；
(6) the increment rate D of the thickness of lithium battery, internal resistance increase when calculating separately each detection relative to previous detection
Rate R, capacity retention ratio C, energy conservation rate Q and power conservation rate P, specially：
The increment rate of thicknessWherein n indicates the number of detection；Dn, Dn+1 are respectively indicated to be examined twice
The thickness of the lithium battery of survey；
Internal resistance increase rateWherein n indicates the number of detection；Rn、Rn+1It respectively indicates and twice detects
The AC internal Resistance of lithium battery；
Capacity retention ratioWherein n indicates the number of detection；Cn、Cn+1Respectively indicate the lithium battery detected twice
Discharge capacity；
Energy conservation rateWherein n indicates the number of detection；Qn、Qn+1Respectively indicate the lithium battery detected twice
Discharge energy；
Power conservation rateWherein n indicates the number of detection；Pn、Pn+1Respectively indicate the lithium battery detected twice
Power density；
(7) weighted mean method is used, calculates the functional status SOF of lithium battery as follows,
SOF=(C+R+P+Q+D+W)/6
In formula：SOF is functional status, and C is capacity retention ratio, and R is internal resistance increase rate, and P is power conservation rate, and Q is energy
Conservation rate, D is thickness increment rate, W is appearance scoring.
Further scheme, appearance scoring refers to be observed with appearance of the microscope to lithium battery, complete appearance without
Damaged is denoted as 1, has damaged then functional status SOF to be assessed as 0；
When capacity retention ratio is down to the 80% of capacity retention ratio for the first time, then functional status SOF is assessed as 0；
When power conservation rate is down to the 50% of power conservation rate for the first time, then functional status SOF is assessed as 0；
When internal resistance increase rate is down to the 50% of internal resistance increase rate drop for the first time, then functional status SOF is assessed as 0；
When thickness increment rate is down to the 30% of thickness increment rate for the first time, then functional status SOF is assessed as 0.
Further scheme, the charge and discharge of lithium battery is electrically operated and lithium battery weight, AC internal Resistance, thickness, appearance score, discharge
The detection of capacity, discharge energy and power density carries out at a temperature of 23 ± 2 DEG C.
Embodiment 2：
(1) the rectangular cell battery core for the IFP20100140-20Ah that 1 partial volume is completed is got from workshop, at this time battery core
State-of-charge be full electric state；It is recycled five weeks with the current charge-discharge of 0.1C (6.6A), charging/discharging voltage range is 2.0-3.7V, standby
With；
(2) quality for detecting the battery core is 439.5g, and with a thickness of 20.12mm, internal resistance value is 0.65m Ω, and range estimation is outer
It sees well, with micro- sem observation without breakage, recording its apparent condition is 1.0 points；
(3) with 20A current discharge to 2.0V, survey discharge capacity at this time be 20170mAh, discharge energy 64.544Wh；
(4) with the half of 20A current discharge to electricity, it is 3286.8mV that its open-circuit voltage OCV is recorded after standing 1 hour；
Then it uses 100A current discharge 10 seconds, the voltage V at the end of record electric discharge1For 2660.5mV, then surveyed according to mixed pulses power
Method for testing measures power=[(OCV-2000) * 2*I/ (OCV-V1)], calculating resulting value is 410.9193W, divided by quality
439.5g obtaining power density P0For 934.97W/KG；
(5) it completely filled at normal temperature with 1C again, completely put capable circulation into, repeated (2), (3), (4) step at interval of 100 weeks, directly
To functional status SOF lower than 0.6 hereinafter, as functional status is unsatisfactory for requirement.And respectively measured by each operation of record
Lithium battery weight, AC internal Resistance, thickness, appearance scoring, discharge capacity, discharge energy and power density numerical value, such as 1 institute of table
Show；
1,5 week test data of table：
(6) according to the data in table 1, the thickness of lithium battery when calculating separately each detection relative to previous detection
Increment rate D, internal resistance increase rate R, capacity retention ratio C, energy conservation rate Q and power conservation rate P, specially：
The increment rate of thicknessWherein n indicates the number of detection；Dn, Dn+1 are respectively indicated to be examined twice
The thickness of the lithium battery of survey；
Internal resistance increase rateWherein n indicates the number of detection；Rn、Rn+1It respectively indicates and twice detects
The AC internal Resistance of lithium battery；
Capacity retention ratioWherein n indicates the number of detection；Cn、Cn+1Respectively indicate the lithium battery detected twice
Discharge capacity；
Energy conservation rateWherein n indicates the number of detection；Qn、Qn+1Respectively indicate the lithium battery detected twice
Discharge energy；
Power conservation rateWherein n indicates the number of detection；Pn、Pn+1Respectively indicate the lithium battery detected twice
Power density；And it is reported in Table 2 below；
(7) weighted mean method is used, calculates the functional status SOF of lithium battery as follows,
SOF=(C+R+P+Q+D+W)/6
In formula：SOF is functional status, and C is capacity retention ratio, and R is internal resistance increase rate, and P is power conservation rate, and Q is energy
Conservation rate, D is thickness increment rate, W is appearance scoring.
2 data processing of table
Data from table 2, it can be deduced that draw a conclusion：
1, the single truth function state that can not really reflect power lithium-ion battery with capacity retention ratio；
2, internal resistance increase rate is big compared with the parameter of other several modules；
3, thickness increment rate and appearance are to add up decisive parameter；
4, functional status is relatively close to energy conservation rate and power conservation rate state, that is, thinks that energy conservation rate and power are protected
The parameter that holdup is actually used close to power lithium-ion battery.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in original of the invention
The modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements etc. done within then, should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of evaluation method of power lithium-ion battery functional status, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
(1) electrically operated to the lithium battery progress charge and discharge after partial volume using the electric current less than 1C, and completely fill, completely put circulation five weeks；
(2) weight, AC internal Resistance, thickness and appearance scoring through step (1) treated lithium battery are detected respectively；
(3) it is discharged again the lithium battery after step (2) detection, detects to obtain its discharge capacity and discharge energy numerical value；
(4) when it is 30-80% that lithium battery, which is discharged to its remaining capacity, it is tested with mixed pulses power testing method (HPPC)
Then the performance number is obtained power density divided by the weight of lithium battery by power；
(5) after discharging lithium battery remaining capacity, then it is completely filled, completely puts circulation, and every circulation is repeatedly above-mentioned after 100 weeks
Step (2)-(4) operate until its functional status SOF is less than 0.6, and record operates measured lithium battery every time respectively
Weight, AC internal Resistance, thickness, appearance scoring, discharge capacity, discharge energy and power density numerical value；
(6) the increment rate D of the thickness of lithium battery when calculating separately each detection relative to previous detection, internal resistance increase rate R,
Capacity retention ratio C, energy conservation rate Q and power conservation rate P, specially：
The increment rate of thicknessWherein n indicates the number of detection；Dn,Dn+1Respectively indicate the lithium detected twice
The thickness of battery；
Internal resistance increase rateWherein n indicates the number of detection；Rn、Rn+1Respectively indicate the lithium electricity detected twice
The AC internal Resistance in pond；
Capacity retention ratioWherein n indicates the number of detection；Cn、Cn+1Respectively indicate the electric discharge of the lithium battery detected twice
Capacity；
Energy conservation rateWherein n indicates the number of detection；Qn、Qn+1Respectively indicate putting for the lithium battery detected twice
Electric flux；
Power conservation rateWherein n indicates the number of detection；Pn、Pn+1Respectively indicate the power of the lithium battery detected twice
Density；
(7) weighted mean method is used, calculates the functional status SOF of lithium battery as follows,
SOF=(C+R+P+Q+D+W)/6
In formula：SOF is functional status, and C is capacity retention ratio, and R is internal resistance increase rate, and P is power conservation rate, and Q is energy holding
Rate, D is thickness increment rate, W is appearance scoring；
The appearance scoring refers to be observed with appearance of the microscope to lithium battery, and complete appearance is unabroken to be denoted as 1, has broken
Then functional status SOF is assessed as 0 to damage；
When capacity retention ratio is down to the 80% of capacity retention ratio for the first time, then functional status SOF is assessed as 0；
When power conservation rate is down to the 50% of power conservation rate for the first time, then functional status SOF is assessed as 0；
When internal resistance increase rate is down to the 50% of internal resistance increase rate drop for the first time, then functional status SOF is assessed as 0；
When thickness increment rate is down to the 30% of thickness increment rate for the first time, then functional status SOF is assessed as 0.
2. evaluation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The charge and discharge of lithium battery is electrically operated and lithium battery weight,
AC internal Resistance, thickness, appearance scoring, discharge capacity, discharge energy and power density detection at a temperature of 23 ± 2 DEG C into
Row.
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