CN106198747A - Whether a kind of ceramic tile measured on body of wall has the method for danger of dropping - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of method whether ceramic tile measured on body of wall has danger of dropping, use the power with accelerometer to hammer into shape, signal amplifier, three vibrating sensors, data acquisition card and notebook computer composition acquisition instrument.During use, a vibrating sensor is respectively installed at three angles of ceramic tile, hammer the ceramic tile tapped on body of wall by the power with accelerometer into shape one jiao, vibrating sensor can obtain the coupled vibration curve of three these ceramic tiles, then, by this oscillating curve by obtaining, after analyzing and processing, the file that can be processed by MATLAB, then pass through component analysis method to carry out Modal Parameter Identification, the resonant frequency of available ceramic tile and damped coefficient.Due to wall tile eigentone can along with ceramic tile and body of wall to paste firmness different and different, set a threshold value, paste well when the eigentone of this ceramic tile then assert this ceramic tile and body of wall in threshold range, danger of not dropping；Otherwise, this ceramic tile just drops danger, it should propose warning.

Description

Whether a kind of ceramic tile measured on body of wall has the method for danger of dropping

Technical field

The present invention relates to signal waveform process field, be specifically related to a kind of ceramic tile measured on body of wall and whether drop danger Method.

Background technology

Outdoor tile is the construction material that Ceramic Material is fired under the high temperature conditions through pressure forming.Its product is whole Porcelain, compact structure, material is hard, indeformable, do not fade, and has good wearability, and frost resistance, resistance to thermal shocks are strong, resistance to Chemical corrosion is strong.As the ornament materials of a kind of conventional exterior wall, it is widely used in the engineering construction of China.I Volume of production and marketing and the usage amount of state's outdoor tile rank first in the world.But, the safety that outdoor tile in use exists is asked Inscribe very important.Outdoor tile comes off in recent years, and the especially outdoor tile of skyscraper comes off the personal injury event caused Happen occasionally with property loss event.Often it can be seen that relevant paste insecure due to wall tile, and then drop and injure row by a crashing object The news of people.China has gone through the high-speed development period of more than 20 year building industry at present, a large amount of in the skyscraper that period builds Employ outdoor tile decoration, outdoor tile will be probably within the following quite a long time and come off and cause personal injury thing The high-incidence season of part, it should cause design, body of wall guardian and the great attention of homeowner.

Summary of the invention

The problem easily occurring for above-mentioned external wall of high-rise building ceramic tile dropping, it is an object of the invention to, it is provided that a kind of survey Determine the method whether ceramic tile on body of wall has danger of dropping.

In order to realize above-mentioned task, the present invention takes following technical solution:

Whether a kind of ceramic tile measured on body of wall has the method for danger of dropping, it is characterised in that the method uses by 3 companies Connect the vibrating sensor of charge amplifier, with accelerometer the power hammer that connects charge amplifier, put with electric charge for one for one Data acquisition card that big device is connected and the acquisition instrument of a notebook computer composition；

Being arranged on three angles of tested wall tile by 3 vibrating sensors, firmly hammer percussion ceramic tile is not arranged and is shaken One jiao of dynamic sensor ceramic tile, encourages ceramic tile；

3 vibrating sensors on ceramic tile can obtain the oscillating curve of three these ceramic tiles and the response wave shape of power hammer, these 3 Three oscillating curves of vibrating sensor flow to data acquisition card by charge amplifier, then collect in notebook computer；

First notebook computer records according to the accelerometer on the vibrating sensor nearest with power hammer beating point and power hammer Time history data process after, the transmission function of beating point can be obtained；By the three of vibrating sensor oscillating curves By the file obtaining to be processed by MATLAB after analyzing and processing, then pass through component analysis method to carry out modal parameter knowledge Not, obtain the resonant frequency of ceramic tile, owing to the eigentone of wall tile can paste firm journey along with ceramic tile and body of wall Degree is different and different, thus, set a threshold value, when the eigentone of this ceramic tile then assert this ceramic tile in threshold range Paste well with body of wall, danger of not dropping；Otherwise, this ceramic tile just drops danger.

Described power hammer is steel tup.

The data recorded due to described acquisition instrument are easily subject to the external world or the interference of its internal various factors, power are hammered into shape The excitation applied is considered as arbitrary excitation, and now, transmission function can not directly use Fourier integration to calculate, and utilizes following formula to ask Go out the transmission function of now initial point；

$H\left(\mathrm{\ω}\right)=\frac{S_{fx}\left(\mathrm{\ω}\right)}{S_f\left(\mathrm{\ω}\right)}$

Wherein, S_fx(ω) for the cross-spectrum of excitation with response, S_f(ω) for the spectrum certainly of response.

Described encourage ceramic tile is that each state is strict all, therefore can be by asking for transmitting letter to many group time history data Transfer curve after number, after obtaining averagely.

Whether the ceramic tile measured on body of wall of the present invention has the method for danger of dropping, in the case of not destroying body of wall, logical Cross simple signals collecting instrument and power hammer taps the vibrational waveform obtaining ceramic tile, and then it is relative to obtain ceramic tile by software analysis The frequency characteristic answered, by judging this frequency moral integrity and then judging whether this ceramic tile has the danger dropped.Compared with people's perusal Judging, with common, the way whether ceramic tile can or can not drop, the judging nicety rate of the present invention is higher, simultaneously because equipment is simple, The expense of detection is few, and simple to operate.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is whether the ceramic tile measured on body of wall of the present invention has the dangerous method flow diagram that drops；

Fig. 2 is acquisition instrument scheme of installation.

Labelling in figure represents respectively, the 1, first vibrating sensor, the 2, second vibrating sensor, the 3, the 3rd vibrating sensing Device, 4, power hammer beating point, 5, power hammer, the 6, first charge amplifier, the 7, second charge amplifier, 8, tricharged amplifier, 9, 4th charge amplifier, 10, data acquisition card, 11, notebook computer.

The present invention is described in further detail with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Detailed description of the invention

As shown in Figure 1-2, the present embodiment provides a kind of method whether ceramic tile measured on body of wall has danger of dropping, the party Method uses acquisition instrument；This acquisition instrument by one with accelerometer power hammer into shape 5, three vibrating sensors (3,4,5), four Charge amplifier (6,7,8,9), signals collecting 10 and notebook computer 10 form.

Acquisition instrument main operational principle and operation are divided into two parts:

Part I: the vibrational waveform collection of ceramic tile

Step one: vibrating sensor (1,2,3) is separately fixed at three angles of ceramic tile, as it is shown in figure 1, wherein first shake Dynamic sensor 1 is nearest apart from beating point 4.

Step 2: three vibrating sensors (1,2,3) are connected, with acceleration with charge amplifier (6,7,9) respectively The power hammer 5 of meter and signal amplifier 8 connect.

Step 3: charge amplifier 8 accesses the first passage of data acquisition card 10, charge amplifier (6,7,9) connects respectively Enter the second of data acquisition card 10, three, four-way.Data acquisition card 10 and notebook computer 11 connect.

Step 4: arranging and utilize power hammer 5 to tap rapidly the beating point 4 of a jiao on ceramic tile, now, meeting is at notebook computer 11 On obtain the response wave shape that the accelerometer on three vibrating sensors (1,2,3) and power hammer 5 taps, and by vibrating sensor Three oscillating curves of (1,2,3) are by the file obtaining to be processed by MATLAB after analyzing and processing.

Part II: oscillating curve waveform analysis

Step one: the time history data recording the accelerometer on the first sensor 1 gathered and power hammer 5 are gone Trend.The sample frequency of data acquisition card 10 is f=1000Hz.Response owing to recording is transient response, duration of response Short, in order to ensure that the signal intercepted when calculation of transfer function contains complete response condition, therefore use rectangular window to compare Intercept time history data.Take and participate in the data that transferometer calculates and count n=4096, therefore according to sample rate theorem:

$\mathrm{\Δ}u=\frac{1}{M\·\mathrm{\Δ}T}---\left(1\right)$

Understand now signal resolution and be about 0.02Hz.In formula, M is that the data participating in calculating are counted, and Δ T is primary signal Sample frequency, Δ u is the resolution of frequency-region signal.

Step 2: the data recorded due to acquisition instrument are easily subject to the external world or the interference of its internal various factors, permissible The excitation of power hammer 5 applying is considered as arbitrary excitation.Now, transmission function can not directly use Fourier integration to calculate, but Available formula (2) obtains the transmission function of now power hammer beating point 4.

$H\left(\mathrm{\ω}\right)=\frac{S_{fx}\left(\mathrm{\ω}\right)}{S_f\left(\mathrm{\ω}\right)}---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, S_fx(ω) for the cross-spectrum of excitation with response, S_f(ω) for the spectrum certainly of response.

Step 3: be that each state is strict all owing to encouraging ceramic tile, therefore can be by asking many group time history data After taking transmission function, the transfer curve after obtaining averagely.

Step 4: when driving frequency is close to the natural frequency of r order mode state, then this order mode state plays master in transmission function Lead effect, referred to as dominant mode, and other Effect of Modes in master mode field are little, can be by complex constant H_eCarry out generation Replace.Therefore, when driving frequency is near natural frequency, transmission function can be write as:

$H_{rp}\left(\mathrm{\ω}\right)=H_{s,rp}\left(\mathrm{\ω}\right)+H_c=H_{s,rp}^R\left(\mathrm{\ω}\right)+{\mathrm{jH}}_{s,rp}^I\left(\mathrm{\ω}\right)+H_c^R+H_c^I---\left(3\right)$

Wherein,

$H_{rp}^I\left(\mathrm{\ω}\right)=\frac{1-{\stackrel{\‾}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}}^2}{K_{es}\[{(1-\stackrel{\‾}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s})}^2+\left(2{\mathrm{\ξ}}_s\stackrel{\‾}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}\right)\]}---\left(4\right)$

$H_{rp}^I\left(\mathrm{\ω}\right)=\frac{-2{\mathrm{\ξ}}_S\stackrel{\‾}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}}{K_{es}\[{(1-\stackrel{\‾}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s})}^2+\left(2{\mathrm{\ξ}}_s\stackrel{\‾}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}\right)\]}---\left(5\right)$

For natural frequency, can be obtained by the Frequency point that the empty frequency peak of curve of frequency response function is corresponding, crest frequency is:

$\mathrm{\ω}={\mathrm{\ω}}_s\sqrt{1-\frac{2}{3}{\mathrm{\ξ}}_s^2}\≈{\mathrm{\ω}}_s---\left(6\right)$

According to the wave band of the frequency residing for the peak value size of this frequency and peak value, step 5: now, judges that this ceramic tile is No have the danger dropped:

The scope assuming the peak value size of the frequency of the ceramic tile that will drop is a, simultaneously residing for frequency band be b.Then When this frequency peak value size with residing wave band respectively in the range of a and b, then judge that this ceramic tile has the danger dropped, Warning should be proposed.

Above-described is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art For, without departing from the concept of the premise of the invention, it is also possible to make some deformation and improvement, these broadly fall into the present invention Protection domain.

Claims (4)

1. the method that whether ceramic tile measured on body of wall has danger of dropping, it is characterised in that the method uses by 3 connections The vibrating sensor of charge amplifier, one with accelerometer and connect charge amplifier power hammer, one with electric charge amplify Data acquisition card that device is connected and the acquisition instrument of a notebook computer composition；

Being arranged on three angles of tested wall tile by 3 vibrating sensors, firmly hammer taps ceramic tile and does not arrange that vibration passes One jiao of sensor ceramic tile, encourages ceramic tile；

3 vibrating sensors on ceramic tile can obtain oscillating curve and the response wave shape of power hammer, these 3 vibrations of three these ceramic tiles Three oscillating curves of sensor flow to data acquisition card by charge amplifier, then collect in notebook computer；

Notebook computer first according to and the power hammer nearest vibrating sensor of beating point and power hammer on accelerometer record time Between after course data process, the transmission function of beating point can be obtained；Then by three vibration songs of 3 vibrating sensors Line, by the file obtaining to be processed by MATLAB after analyzing and processing, then passes through component analysis method to carry out modal parameter Identify, obtain the resonant frequency of ceramic tile, owing to the eigentone of wall tile can pasting firmly along with ceramic tile and body of wall Degree is different and different, thus, set a threshold value, when the eigentone of this ceramic tile then assert this porcelain in threshold range Brick and body of wall are pasted well, danger of not dropping；Otherwise, this ceramic tile just drops danger.

2. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that described power hammer is steel tup.

3. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the data recorded due to described signals collecting instrument are easily subject to To the extraneous or interference of its internal various factors, the excitation that power hammer applies being considered as arbitrary excitation, now, transmission function can not be straight Connect use Fourier integration to calculate, utilize following formula to obtain the transmission function of now initial point；

$H\left(\mathrm{\ω}\right)=\frac{S_{fx}\left(\mathrm{\ω}\right)}{S_f\left(\mathrm{\ω}\right)}$

Wherein, S_fx(ω) for the cross-spectrum of excitation with response, S_f(ω) for the spectrum certainly of response.

4. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that described encourage ceramic tile is that each state is strict all, therefore may be used After asking for transmitting function to many group time history data, the transfer curve after obtaining averagely.