CN106198164B - A kind of wet separation method of PM10 components in a large amount of acquisition soil - Google Patents

A kind of wet separation method of PM10 components in a large amount of acquisition soil Download PDF

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CN106198164B
CN106198164B CN201610482076.1A CN201610482076A CN106198164B CN 106198164 B CN106198164 B CN 106198164B CN 201610482076 A CN201610482076 A CN 201610482076A CN 106198164 B CN106198164 B CN 106198164B
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soil
large amount
components
particle
beaker
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CN106198164A (en
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夏天翔
张澎
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Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection
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Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
    • G01N1/4077—Concentrating samples by other techniques involving separation of suspended solids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/44—Sample treatment involving radiation, e.g. heat
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
    • G01N1/4077—Concentrating samples by other techniques involving separation of suspended solids
    • G01N2001/4088—Concentrating samples by other techniques involving separation of suspended solids filtration

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of wet separation methods of PM10 components in a large amount of acquisition soil, include the following steps：1）After pedotheque is removed bulk sundries, the sieve by 1000 μm of apertures and drying；2）The sieve that pedotheque is continued through to different size aperture on vibrating sieving machine obtains the particle that diameter is less than 75 μm；3）Equipment used is sterilized and is cleaned；4）Particle of the diameter less than 75 μm is put into beaker adds water to stir；5）It is stood after soil particle is handled with ultrasonic washing instrument；6）The film that aperture is 10 μm is clipped to clip on the sand filtration core of Vacuum filtration device；7）Turbid solution is poured into Vacuum filtration device and is filtered；8）Filtered fluid is dried；9）Drying object is scraped with wooden scraper, obtains PM10.The method of the present invention is by using film and the comprehensive of Vacuum filtration device, and the precision for obtaining PM10 greatly improves, and production efficiency improves, and the dispersion separative efficiency of soil improves, of low cost, easy to operate.

Description

A kind of wet separation method of PM10 components in a large amount of acquisition soil
Technical field
The present invention relates to Research of Environmental Sciences field, the wet separation of PM10 components in specially a kind of a large amount of acquisition soil Method.
Background technology
Fine particulates in earth atmosphere, pellet, that is, PM10 such as particle diameter less than or equal to 10 μm is to people Body health has important influence.In order to study this influence, need to obtain a large amount of PM10 to be researched and analysed.But it is existing The method of the acquisition PM10 deposited is all directly collected from air.This method directly acquired has following several scarce Point：First, it is not high directly to collect PM10 precision from air；Second is that needing to repeat operation, time-consuming and inefficient, i.e., The amount for obtaining PM10 is less；Third, needing special instrument and complicated processing step, repair and input cost are high.Therefore, it looks for It is of crucial importance to a kind of method easy to operate, low-cost obtaining PM10 directly from soil.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention in view of the deficienciess of the prior art, providing PM10 components in a large amount of acquisition soil of one kind Wet separation method, method of the invention is not only easy to operate, of low cost, and production efficiency is higher, can access A large amount of PM10.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that：The wet type point of PM10 components in a kind of a large amount of acquisition soil From method, include the following steps：
1）After pedotheque is removed bulk cobble and plant roots, pass through the sieve in 1000 μm of apertures；
2）Treated pedotheque is dried；
3）Pedotheque is continued through to the sieve in 1000 μm, 500 μm, 250 μm, 125 μm and 75 μm apertures on vibrating sieving machine Son, sustained oscillation obtain the particle that 200-300g diameters are less than 75 μm, save it in plastics valve bag；
4）Equipment used is carried out disinfection cleaning；
5）After being put into particle of the 30-50g diameters less than 75 μm in 500ml beakers, 10cm high is slowly added water to, glass is used Stick stirs the water and soil mixed liquor；
6）Soil particle is handled with ultrasonic washing instrument, is stood；
7）The particulate matter being relatively large in diameter sinks to beaker bottom, obtains turbid solution, opens Vacuum filtration device, is 10 by aperture μm film clipped on sand filtration core with clip；
8）Turbid solution in beaker is poured slowly into Vacuum filtration device and is filtered to obtain filtered fluid；
9）Filtered fluid is poured into a clean beaker, and is dried；
10）The substance for being attached to beaker inner wall is scraped with wooden scraper, you can obtain PM10.
As a preference of the present invention, step 2）In, the drying temperature is 50-80 DEG C, and drying time is 6-10 hours.
As a preference of the present invention, step 5）In, it is described with glass bar stir water and soil mixed liquor when not generate whirlpool, stir It is 10-15 minutes to mix the time.
As a preference of the present invention, step 6）In, described with ultrasonic washing instrument processing time is 10-15 minutes, is stood Time is 15-20 minutes.
As a preference of the present invention, step 8）In, it is described when encountering the case where turbid solution in beaker blocks film, it needs It replaces a new film to continue to filter, stops filtering after the filtered fluid for being collected into 250-350ml.
As a preference of the present invention, step 9）In, the drying temperature is 60-70 DEG C, and drying time is 3-5 days.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following benefit：The present invention passes through the synthesis to film and Vacuum filtration device It uses, the precision for obtaining PM10 is greatly improved, and when making PM10, obtained 98% diameter of particle is less than or equal to 10 μ m；The production cycle that the method for the present invention obtains PM10 substantially shortens, and production efficiency greatly improves, and can disposably obtain a large amount of PM10；The method of the present invention disperses soil using ultrasonic wave, so that soil is preferably dispersed in water, improves separative efficiency；We Laboratory installation used in method and equipment generally existing, it is of low cost and easy to operate.
Specific implementation mode
The present embodiment is being implemented down based on the technical solution of the present invention, gives detailed embodiment and mistake Journey, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiments, and any one skilled in the art is according to this hair The technical solution of bright method and its improvement design are subject to equivalent substitution or change, should all cover the protection in technical solution of the present invention In range.
Embodiment 1
1）After pedotheque is removed bulk cobble and plant roots, pass through the sieve in 1000 μm of apertures；
2）Treated pedotheque is dried, drying temperature is 50 DEG C, and drying time is 10 hours；
3）Pedotheque is continued through to the sieve in 1000 μm, 500 μm, 250 μm, 125 μm and 75 μm apertures on vibrating sieving machine Son, sustained oscillation obtain the particle that 200g diameters are less than 75 μm, save it in plastics valve bag；
4）After equipment used is sterilized with concentrated hydrochloric acid, then cleaned twice with deionized water；
5）After being put into particle of the 30g diameters less than 75 μm in 500ml beakers, 10cm high is slowly added water to, glass bar is used It stirs the water and soil mixed liquor 10 minutes, avoids generating whirlpool；
6）Soil particle ultrasonic washing instrument is handled 10 minutes, stands 15 minutes；
7）The particulate matter being relatively large in diameter sinks to beaker bottom, obtains turbid solution, opens Vacuum filtration device, is 10 by aperture μm film clipped on sand filtration core with clip；
8）Turbid solution in beaker is poured slowly into Vacuum filtration device and is filtered, when encountering the turbid solution in beaker It when the case where film is blocked, needs replacing a new film and continues to filter, stop filtering after the filtered fluid for being collected into 250ml；
9）Filtered fluid is poured into a clean beaker, and is dried, drying temperature is 60 DEG C, and drying time is 5 days；
10）The substance for being attached to beaker inner wall is scraped with wooden scraper, you can obtain PM10.
Embodiment 2
1）After pedotheque is removed bulk cobble and plant roots, pass through the sieve in 1000 μm of apertures；
2）Treated pedotheque is dried, drying temperature is 65 DEG C, and drying time is 8 hours；
3）Pedotheque is continued through to the sieve in 1000 μm, 500 μm, 250 μm, 125 μm and 75 μm apertures on vibrating sieving machine Son, sustained oscillation obtain the particle that 240g diameters are less than 75 μm, save it in plastics valve bag；
4）After equipment used is sterilized with concentrated hydrochloric acid, then cleaned twice with deionized water；
5）After being put into particle of the 40g diameters less than 75 μm in 500ml beakers, 10cm high is slowly added water to, glass bar is used It stirs the water and soil mixed liquor 10 minutes, avoids generating whirlpool；
6）Soil particle ultrasonic washing instrument is handled 10 minutes, stands 15 minutes；
7）The particulate matter being relatively large in diameter sinks to beaker bottom, obtains turbid solution, opens Vacuum filtration device, is 10 by aperture μm film clipped on sand filtration core with clip；
8）Turbid solution in beaker is poured slowly into Vacuum filtration device and is filtered, when encountering the turbid solution in beaker It when the case where film is blocked, needs replacing a new film and continues to filter, stop filtering after the filtered fluid for being collected into 300ml；
9）Filtered fluid is poured into a clean beaker, and is dried, drying temperature is 65 DEG C, and drying time is 4 days；
10）The substance for being attached to beaker inner wall is scraped with wooden scraper, you can obtain PM10.
Embodiment 3
1）After pedotheque is removed bulk cobble and plant roots, pass through the sieve in 1000 μm of apertures；
2）Treated pedotheque is dried, drying temperature is 80 DEG C, and drying time is 6 hours；
3）Pedotheque is continued through to the sieve in 1000 μm, 500 μm, 250 μm, 125 μm and 75 μm apertures on vibrating sieving machine Son, sustained oscillation obtain the particle that 300g diameters are less than 75 μm, save it in plastics valve bag；
4）After equipment used is sterilized with concentrated hydrochloric acid, then cleaned twice with deionized water；
5）After being put into particle of the 50g diameters less than 75 μm in 500ml beakers, 10cm high is slowly added water to, glass bar is used It stirs the water and soil mixed liquor 15 minutes, avoids generating whirlpool；
6）Soil particle ultrasonic washing instrument is handled 15 minutes, stands 20 minutes；
7）The particulate matter being relatively large in diameter sinks to beaker bottom, obtains turbid solution, opens Vacuum filtration device, is 10 by aperture μm film clipped on sand filtration core with clip；
8）Turbid solution in beaker is poured slowly into Vacuum filtration device and is filtered, when encountering the turbid solution in beaker It when the case where film is blocked, needs replacing a new film and continues to filter, stop filtering after the filtered fluid for being collected into 350ml；
9）Filtered fluid is poured into a clean beaker, and is dried, drying temperature is 70 DEG C, and drying time is 3 days；
10）The substance for being attached to beaker inner wall is scraped with wooden scraper, you can obtain PM10.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of wet separation method of PM10 components in a large amount of acquisition soil, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
1）After pedotheque is removed bulk cobble and plant roots, pass through the sieve in 1000 μm of apertures；
2）Treated pedotheque is dried；
3）The sieve that pedotheque is continued through to 1000 μm, 500 μm, 250 μm, 125 μm and 75 μm apertures on vibrating sieving machine, holds Continuous concussion obtains the particle that 200-300g diameters are less than 75 μm, saves it in plastics valve bag；
4）Equipment used is carried out disinfection cleaning；
5）After being put into particle of the 30-50g diameters less than 75 μm in 500ml beakers, 10cm high is slowly added water to, is stirred with glass bar Mix the water and soil mixed liquor；
6）Soil particle is handled with ultrasonic washing instrument, is stood；
7）The particulate matter being relatively large in diameter sinks to beaker bottom, obtains turbid solution, opens Vacuum filtration device, is 10 μm by aperture Film is clipped to clip on sand filtration core；
8）Turbid solution in beaker is poured slowly into Vacuum filtration device and is filtered to obtain filtered fluid；
9）Filtered fluid is poured into a clean beaker, and is dried；
10）The substance for being attached to beaker inner wall is scraped with wooden scraper, you can obtain PM10.
2. according to claim 1 in a kind of a large amount of acquisition soil PM10 components wet separation method, it is characterised in that：Step Rapid 2）In, the drying temperature is 50-80 DEG C, and drying time is 6-10 hours.
3. the wet separation method of PM10 components, feature exist in a kind of a large amount of acquisition soil according to claim 1 or claim 2 In：Step 5）In, described not generate whirlpool when stirring water and soil mixed liquor with glass bar, mixing time is 10-15 minutes.
4. according to claim 3 in a kind of a large amount of acquisition soil PM10 components wet separation method, it is characterised in that：Step Rapid 6）In, described with ultrasonic washing instrument processing time is 10-15 minutes, and time of repose is 15-20 minutes.
5. according to claim 1 in a kind of a large amount of acquisition soil PM10 components wet separation method, it is characterised in that：Step Rapid 8）In, when encountering the case where turbid solution in the beaker blocks film, needs replacing a new film and continue to filter, receiving Stop filtering after collecting the filtered fluid of 250-350ml.
6. the wet separation method of PM10 components, feature in a kind of a large amount of acquisition soil according to claim 1,2,4 or 5 It is：Step 9）In, for the drying temperature within the scope of 60-70 DEG C, drying time is 3-5 days.
CN201610482076.1A 2016-06-28 2016-06-28 A kind of wet separation method of PM10 components in a large amount of acquisition soil Active CN106198164B (en)

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CN110411793A (en) * 2019-08-23 2019-11-05 山东大学 A kind of method and its application for extracting PM2.5 from sample

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20030037918A (en) * 2001-11-07 2003-05-16 주식회사 엘지생활건강 Method for analyzing active matter of powder detergent and filtering equipment
JP2003340421A (en) * 2002-05-22 2003-12-02 Zenitaka Corp Method for washing contaminated soil
CN103289704A (en) * 2013-06-28 2013-09-11 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 Rape stalk soil cadmium passivator, as well as preparation method and application thereof
CN103819342A (en) * 2014-01-23 2014-05-28 中国人民解放军军械工程学院 Method for separating and recycling TNT (Trinitrotoluene) component in waste hexolite aluminum explosive
CN103884554A (en) * 2014-03-14 2014-06-25 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 Method for separating PM2.5 dust from Teflon filter membrane
CN103900865A (en) * 2012-12-27 2014-07-02 东北林业大学 Physicochemical grading method for granular soil components
CN103954525A (en) * 2014-04-16 2014-07-30 北京林业大学 Method for determining quality of particulate matters retained on plant leaves in different particle size ranges
CN104535448A (en) * 2015-01-13 2015-04-22 北京林业大学 Method for measuring absorptive capacity of plant leaves to particles and adsorption particle size grades

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20030037918A (en) * 2001-11-07 2003-05-16 주식회사 엘지생활건강 Method for analyzing active matter of powder detergent and filtering equipment
JP2003340421A (en) * 2002-05-22 2003-12-02 Zenitaka Corp Method for washing contaminated soil
CN103900865A (en) * 2012-12-27 2014-07-02 东北林业大学 Physicochemical grading method for granular soil components
CN103289704A (en) * 2013-06-28 2013-09-11 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 Rape stalk soil cadmium passivator, as well as preparation method and application thereof
CN103819342A (en) * 2014-01-23 2014-05-28 中国人民解放军军械工程学院 Method for separating and recycling TNT (Trinitrotoluene) component in waste hexolite aluminum explosive
CN103884554A (en) * 2014-03-14 2014-06-25 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 Method for separating PM2.5 dust from Teflon filter membrane
CN103954525A (en) * 2014-04-16 2014-07-30 北京林业大学 Method for determining quality of particulate matters retained on plant leaves in different particle size ranges
CN104535448A (en) * 2015-01-13 2015-04-22 北京林业大学 Method for measuring absorptive capacity of plant leaves to particles and adsorption particle size grades

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