CN106190154A - 一种新型环保土壤有机物修复剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种新型环保土壤有机物修复剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106190154A
CN106190154A CN201610556288.XA CN201610556288A CN106190154A CN 106190154 A CN106190154 A CN 106190154A CN 201610556288 A CN201610556288 A CN 201610556288A CN 106190154 A CN106190154 A CN 106190154A
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慎叶
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    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/40Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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    • C05B7/00Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种新型环保土壤有机物修复剂,包括如下重量份数的组分:羧甲基壳聚糖:10~15份;生物活化炭:10~15份;枸溶性含磷化合物:5~10份;硝态性含氮化合物:5~10份;丁二酸:3~5份;羟基羧酸性化合物:8~15份;羧甲基纤维素:3~5份。本发明提供一种环保土壤有机物修复剂及其制备方法,以克服现有土壤修复剂有机物去除效率不高,同时有机物去除后氮磷营养不足的缺点。

Description

一种新型环保土壤有机物修复剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及环保领域。更具体地说,本发明涉及一种新型环保土壤有机物修复剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
土壤有机物污染是指有毒有害有机物质进入土壤后,其数量和速度超过了土壤的净化作用的速度,破坏了自然动态平衡,使污染物的积累过程逐渐占据优势,从而导致土壤自然正常功能失调,土壤质量下降,并影响到作物的生长发育,以及产量和质量下降。
污染土壤的有机物分为天然有机物和人工合成有机污染物,通常主要指后者,他包括有机废弃物(工农业生产及生活废弃物中生物降解和生物难降解有机毒物)、农药(包括杀虫剂、杀菌剂和除莠剂)等污染。
有机物污染进入土壤后,可危及农作物生长和土壤生物的生存,如稻田因施用含有二苯醚的污泥造成稻苗大面积死亡,泥鳅、鳝鱼绝迹。人体接触污染土壤后,手脚出现红色皮疹,并有恶心,头晕现象。农药在农业生产上的应用尽管收到了良好的效果,但其残留物却污染了土壤和食物链。近年来。塑料地膜地面覆盖栽培技术发展快,由于管理不善,部分膜弃于田间,它已成为一种新的有机污染物。有机物可通过食物链富集并生成毒性更强的有机化合物,毒害食物链生物,最终在人体内积累,危害人类健康,使得该环保问题迫近需要解决。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种环保型土壤有机物修复剂及其制备方法,以克服现有土壤有机物修复剂存在“二次污染”的不足。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种新型环保土壤有机物修复剂,包括如下重量份的组分:
羧甲基壳聚糖:10~15份;生物活化炭:10~15份;
枸溶性含磷化合物:5~10份;硝态性含氮化合物:5~10份;
丁二酸:3~5份;羟基羧酸性化合物:8~15份;
羧甲基纤维素:3~5份;
优选的是,所述羧甲基壳聚糖的数均分子量为8000~10000。
优选的是,所述枸溶性含磷化合物选自二代磷酸钙盐、磷酸四钙、α-磷酸三钙中的一种或任意组合。
优选的是,所述硝态性含氮化合物选自硝酸钾、硝酸铵、硝酸钠钙、硝酸钙中的一种或任意组合。
优选的是,所述羟基羧酸性化合物选自乳酸、β-羟基丁酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、水杨酸中的一种或任意组合。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种环保土壤有机物修复剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤(1):将生物活化炭、枸溶性含磷化合物和硝态性含氮化合物封闭持续发酵1~2天,并同时加入羟基羧酸性化合物;
步骤(2):在步骤(1)的产物中加入羧甲基纤维素、羧甲基壳聚糖开始反应,控制温度在30~60℃,继续搅拌2~3小时;
步骤(3):将上述产物加入其他组分反应完毕并充分混合,即得环保土壤有机物修复剂。
本发明的有益效果:
(1)本发明的环保土壤有机物修复剂不仅可以高效去除农药等有机物,而且可以同时对土壤增加氮肥和磷肥,从而提高土壤的有机肥效功能;
(2)本发明的的环保土壤有机物修复剂制备工艺简单,环保、节约能源。
具体实施方式
以下将结合具体实施例来详细说明本发明的实施方式,借此对本发明如何应用技术手段来解决技术问题,并达到技术效果的实现过程能充分理解并据以实施。
若未特别指明,实施例中所采用的技术手段为本领域技术人员所熟知的常规手段,所采用的原料也均为可商业获得的。未详细描述的各种过程和方法是本领域中公知的常规方法。
实施例1
新型环保土壤有机物修复剂,包括如下重量份的组分:
羧甲基壳聚糖:10份(数均分子量8000);生物活化炭:10份;
磷酸四钙:5份;硝酸钾:5份;丁二酸:3份;
酒石酸:8份;羧甲基纤维素:3份。
实施例2
新型环保土壤有机物修复剂,包括如下重量份的组分:
羧甲基壳聚糖:12份(数均分子量9000);生物活化炭:12份;
α-磷酸三钙:8份;硝酸铵:8份;丁二酸:4份;
柠檬酸:11份;羧甲基纤维素:4份。
实施例3
新型环保土壤有机物修复剂,包括如下重量份的组分:
羧甲基壳聚糖:15份(数均分子量10000);生物活化炭:15份;
磷酸四钙:10份;硝酸钠钙:10份;丁二酸:5份;
水杨酸:15份;羧甲基纤维素:5份。
为了能直接反映本品的效果,下面以受有机物污染土壤作为研究对象,进行原位无害化处理试验。
供试土壤采用湖州市某附近的有机物污染土壤,取样深度为表层0~15cm。采样前需要去除土壤表面所覆盖物。取回的土样倒在塑料薄膜上风干,半干后压碎土块,去除石块和残根等杂物,铺成薄层,经常翻动,在阴凉处慢慢风干。用尼龙筛过目2mm和0.149mm,混匀后放入密封的白封袋,待用。
以下表1为进行生态修复前后土壤中的农药的含量,同时表示出来产量对比数据。
具体将实例1~3的环保土壤有机物修复剂加入供试土壤中,农药可以1~3小时后进行测定,产量需一个种植季节进行测定。
表1土壤中加入修复剂前后Cd和Cr对比数据
从表1可以看出,经过实例1~3的环保土壤有机物修复剂处理后土壤的农药等有机物得到到96%的去除率。所以,本品处理后土壤不仅农药等有机物显著降低,而且处理后的土壤上的农作物产量也得到大量的提高。
最后应说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明而非限制本发明的技术方案,尽管参照上述实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域技术人员应当理解,依然可以对本发明进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明的精神和范围的任何修改或局部替换,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围中。

Claims (6)

1.一种新型环保土壤有机物修复剂,其特征在于,包括如下重量份的组分:
羧甲基壳聚糖:10~15份;生物活化炭:10~15份;
枸溶性含磷化合物:5~10份;硝态性含氮化合物:5~10份;
丁二酸:3~5份;羟基羧酸性化合物:8~15份;
羧甲基纤维素:3~5份。
2.如权利要求1所述的新型环保土壤有机物修复剂,其特征在于,所述羧甲基壳聚糖的数均分子量为8000~10000。
3.如权利要求1所述的新型环保土壤有机物修复剂,其特征在于,所述枸溶性含磷化合物选自二代磷酸钙盐、磷酸四钙、α-磷酸三钙中的一种或任意组合。
4.如权利要求1所述的新型环保土壤有机物修复剂,其特征在于,所述硝态性含氮化合物选自硝酸钾、硝酸铵、硝酸钠钙、硝酸钙中的一种或任意组合。
5.如权利要求1所述的新型环保土壤有机物修复剂,其特征在于,所述羟基羧酸性化合物选自乳酸、β-羟基丁酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、水杨酸中的一种或任意组合。
6.如权利要求1~5任一项所述的新型环保土壤有机物修复剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤(1):将生物活化炭、枸溶性含磷化合物和硝态性含氮化合 物及羟基羧酸性化合物混合,并封闭持续发酵1~2天;
步骤(2):在步骤(1)的产物中加入羧甲基纤维素及羧甲基壳聚糖,开始反应,控制温度在30~60℃,继续搅拌2~3小时;
步骤(3):将其他组分加入步骤(2)的产物中,充分混合,并反应1~2小时,直至反应完毕,即得环保土壤有机物修复剂。
CN201610556288.XA 2016-07-14 2016-07-14 一种新型环保土壤有机物修复剂及其制备方法 Withdrawn CN106190154A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106675569A (zh) * 2016-12-15 2017-05-17 佛山慧创正元新材料科技有限公司 一种新型污染农田重金属修复剂及其制备方法

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CN103305497A (zh) * 2013-05-31 2013-09-18 东北农业大学 一种用于固定化酶修复有机污染土壤的微胶囊及其制备方法
CN103739411A (zh) * 2014-01-17 2014-04-23 合肥市东方美捷分子材料技术有限公司 一种土壤修复用功能有机肥的制备方法
CN104327859A (zh) * 2014-09-28 2015-02-04 佑景天(北京)国际水环境研究中心有限公司 用于重金属和有机物污染同步治理的土壤原位修复剂
CN105188970A (zh) * 2012-11-30 2015-12-23 英洁克达环境有限责任公司 土壤修复组合物

Patent Citations (4)

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CN105188970A (zh) * 2012-11-30 2015-12-23 英洁克达环境有限责任公司 土壤修复组合物
CN103305497A (zh) * 2013-05-31 2013-09-18 东北农业大学 一种用于固定化酶修复有机污染土壤的微胶囊及其制备方法
CN103739411A (zh) * 2014-01-17 2014-04-23 合肥市东方美捷分子材料技术有限公司 一种土壤修复用功能有机肥的制备方法
CN104327859A (zh) * 2014-09-28 2015-02-04 佑景天(北京)国际水环境研究中心有限公司 用于重金属和有机物污染同步治理的土壤原位修复剂

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106675569A (zh) * 2016-12-15 2017-05-17 佛山慧创正元新材料科技有限公司 一种新型污染农田重金属修复剂及其制备方法

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Application publication date: 20161207