CN1061891A - Make the method and the special equipment of rumen feed - Google Patents
Make the method and the special equipment of rumen feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN1061891A CN1061891A CN90106192A CN90106192A CN1061891A CN 1061891 A CN1061891 A CN 1061891A CN 90106192 A CN90106192 A CN 90106192A CN 90106192 A CN90106192 A CN 90106192A CN 1061891 A CN1061891 A CN 1061891A
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Abstract
Making the method and the special equipment of rumen feed, is raw material with crops straw, pod shell, hay etc., through pulverize, alkalization,, cultivate with the bovine rumen microorganism and to make the solid koji inoculation, and adding nutrient solution and the buffer solution that can regulate the pH value automatically ferment.Solid koji carries out the briquetting airtight package, but normal temperature is preserved.Special-purpose fermentation tank or fermentation vat have special agitator in the fermentation, can guarantee that mash does not produce floating shell, and bacterium can fully be contacted with zymotic fluid.In this law, the cellulose resolution ratio is greater than 20%, and bacterial activity is strong, can continue decomposition of cellulose in enteron aisle, helps livestock and poultry digestion, and the sort of quyi is convenient to transportation, is beneficial to popularization, and is with low cost.
Description
The invention belongs to the processing method and the special equipment of feed.
Before the present invention makes, since the fifties, just begun the research of rumen microflora abroad." fermentation and microorganism III " (＜day〉plants the village and controls youth, Xiang Tianhao volume surely, translate the Tianjin Research Institute of Industrial Microbiology, the 1979.10. of Science Press publishes) once in lumen fermentation and microorganism one chapter, did the summary record, but the report of feed production technology is not arranged.Domestic, once there was the emphasis research topic of " utilize microorganism improve roughage nutritive value " in department of agriculture and forestry, in people's papers " research of artificial rumen fermented feed " such as " utilizing microorganism to improve the national scientific research roughage nutritive value-second time meeting artificial rumen fermented feed approach part of cooperating " that its achievement in research is stated from that Jiangsu Agricultural College publishes in December, 1977 and the former Nanjing scientific research patent o.11 Han Zheng in May nineteen eighty-two of agricultural college health.In addition, Beijing area herding and feed technology information network write " the feed handbook first volume (in August, 1984 Beijing science and technology publishing house publish) is also relevant for the report (chapter 5 second joint) of artificial rumen fermented feed.Mentioned the production technology of artificial rumen feed in the above-mentioned data, such as " cover cylinder water bath heat preservation method ".The production technology of existing artificial rumen feed has following shortcoming:
1. owing to adopt and to leave standstill anaerobic fermentation, thereby the mash surface produces floating shell, mixes inhomogeneously, and microorganism and substrate contact-making surface are little, having influenced fermentation effectiveness.
2. add carbonic hydroammonium and urea supply carbon source and nitrogenous source in the fermentation, thus the carbon-nitrogen ratio rising, satisfied the demand of microorganism to carbon source, reduced the microorganism decomposition of cellulose to obtain the power of carbon source, influence cellulosic decomposition.The cellulose resolution ratio is 15-20%, the quality instability.
3. can not regulate pH value automatically in the fermentation, add the buffer that carbonic hydroammonium is formed, be neutral, the carbon dioxide volatilization is overflowed, thereby can not reduce the acidity of zymotic fluid, pH value descends, and has suppressed activation of microorganism, needs constantly to add limewash and regulates, not only improved cost, increased content of ashes, and troublesome poeration, buffering effect is poor.
4. the microbe inoculation method adopts ways such as the extraction of stomach tube nose of an ox, the extraction of fistula ox abdomen wall puncture, and the not only difficult keeping of gained bacterial classification, transportation, inconvenience are applied, supply bottleneck, and also without screening, not low temperature resistant, can not carry out normal temperature fermentation.
5. do not form the suitability for industrialized production flow process, only be suitable for peasant family and use.
Chinese patent 86101265A provides a kind of " preparation of straw bait ", it is said to utilize directed conversion of wild strain and decomposition of cellulose, synthetic several amino acids and protein.According to the contained method test of this patent, after 15 days, do not see that yet cellulose decomposes, effect is difficult to confirm.
At the weak point of prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method and special equipment thereof of new manufacturing rumen feed, be intended to improve the cellulose resolution ratio of cellulose-decomposing ability and the rumen feed of bacterium; Produce the solid block song that can store at normal temperatures, transport, be beneficial to apply; Realize the suitability for industrialized production of feed, and reduce cost, so that large-scale promotion is used.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following proposal.
Make the method for rumen feed, the first step is to pulverize to be rich in cellulosic air-dry plant material, break flour fineness 1-2mm.Second step was with 3.5 times of 1% limewash, added the raw material break flour and alkalized.
The 3rd step was inoculation.To in the product of the second step alkalization, adding the solid koji made from fresh rumen content or 1/4th and nutrient solution of the 4th step of previous round flow process karusen.The solid koji that adds or the weight ratio of previous round karusen and nutrient solution are: 450 parts of the raw materials of having alkalized, 25 parts of 10 parts of solid kojis or previous round karusens, 7.0 parts of nutrient solutions, 250 parts in water.The component of nutrient solution is salt, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, growth of animals or poultry element, ferrous sulfate and water, and their weight ratio is: 10 parts of salt, 3 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphates, plain 1 part of growth of animals or poultry, 1 part in ferrous sulfate, 35 parts in water.The preparation method of solid koji is: 1. get fresh rumen content; 2. separate and cultivate, get on the agar medium of rumen content supernatant access fibre-bearing element, anaerobism was cultivated 7 days in 38-40 ℃; 3. test tube is cultivated, and selects the strong fungus strain of decomposition of cellulose ability from the back culture medium and inserts on the test tube culture medium of being made up of nutrient solution and cellulose the anaerobism cultivation 7 days; 4. wide-mouth bottle enlarges cultivation, and culture medium is a grass meal Ensure Liquid liquid; 5. Plastic Drum enlarges cultivation, and culture medium is identical with back; 6. the culture with back is pressed into the piece song, preserves stand-by with plastic bag sealing normal temperature.
The 4th step was anaerobic fermentation, and to add ammoniacal liquor in the fermentation liquid under the air-tight state, as nitrogenous source and buffer, the maintenance pH value is 5.8-7.0, intermittently stirred fermentation.Fermentation temperature and time are 38-40 ℃, 72 hours, and perhaps normal temperature, 7 days.Alr mode at intermittence in the fermentation is stirring up and down.Ammoniacal liquor adds from agitator.
The 5th step is for the production of hybrid seeds, the fermentation liquid briquet song that will finish through the fermentation of the 4th step with special solid koji cuber, and with the airtight normal temperature preservation of polybag.
Use the equipment of above-mentioned manufacturing rumen feed method, comprise installation for fermenting and solid koji cuber.Installation for fermenting can be equipped with snakelike hot-water line for the insulation anaerobic fermentation tank in the tank body.This installation for fermenting also can be simple and easy fermentation vat, and fermentation vat is cube shaped, airtight, by cement and brick one-tenth.No matter be that the hand mixer that moves up and down all is housed in fermentation tank or the fermentation vat.The hand mixer main body is a hollow stirring rod, and its upper end has handle, top that the vertical with it pressing plate that is positioned at installation for fermenting is arranged, and the lower end is the conical stirring-head that liquid filling hole is arranged on the sidewall.
The solid koji cuber is made of support, machine barrel, pressing plate.The main body of solid koji cuber is a regular prism shape machine barrel, machine drum body top has in a material bin and the cylindrical shell and communicates, there is the rotating disk of a band inside spin pressure rod machine barrel upper end, be with the piston type increased pressure board on the pressure rod, on the sidewall of machine barrel lower end the press filtration hole is arranged, there is a press filtration plate by base plate stop gauge tap the termination, lower end.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing in detail embodiments of the invention are described in detail.
Fig. 1 is for making the process chart of rumen feed.
Fig. 2 is insulation anaerobic fermentation tank structural representation.
Fig. 3 is simple and easy fermentation vat structural representation.
Fig. 4 is a solid koji cuber structural representation.
Code name is among the figure: (1) cement casting tank body, (2) cover, (3) agitator, (4) charging aperture, (5) discharging opening, (6) hot-water line, (7) hollow handle, (8) stir pressing plate, (9) stirring-head, the brick tank body of (10) cement, (11) support, (12) inside spin pressure rod, (13) rotating disk, (14) material bin, (15) press filtration hole, (16) base plate stop, (17) press filtration plate, (18) machine barrel, (19) increased pressure board.
Embodiment 1: the preparation of solid koji.
1. get fresh bovine gastric content 1000ml from the slaughterhouse, airtight preservation is standby in polybag or port grinding bottle;
2. add filter paper pulp and make the bacteria culture media that contains the filter paper fibre element in conventional agar medium, operation is got the rumen content supernatant and is connected on this culture medium routinely, and anaerobism was cultivated 7 days in 39 ℃ ± 1 ℃ baking oven;
3. make the test tube culture medium with nutrient solution and filter paper pulp and conventional agar medium, select molten spot from the culture medium of back and greatly promptly decompose the strong fungus strain of fiber ability and insert on the test tube culture medium, anaerobism was cultivated 7 days;
4. restrain into the wide-mouth bottle culture medium with sterilization grass meal 100 7 milliliters of gram Ensure Liquid liquid, distilled water 500 grams with urea 3, select the big fungus strain of molten spot from back and insert on the wide-mouth bottle culture medium, anaerobism was cultivated 7 days;
5. restrain into 50kg Plastic Drum culture medium with grass meal 500 gram Ensure Liquid liquid 352ml, cold boiling water 25kg with carbon ammonium 180, select the big fungus strain of molten spot from back and insert the Plastic Drum culture medium, anaerobism was cultivated 7 days;
6. with special solid koji cuber the back culture is pressed into the piece song, preserves stand-by with plastic bag sealing normal temperature.
Embodiment 2: the preparation of nutrient solution.
1. get running water 3.5kg, add salt 1.0kg, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 300 grams, plain 100 grams of growth of animals or poultry and ferrous sulfate 100 grams successively, it is standby that it is dissolved fully.
Embodiment 3: the preparation of rumen feed.
With 9FQ-50B type pulverizer will be air-dry corn straw 110kg pulverize, be that the steel of 2mm sieves it is sieved with sieve aperture, must corn straw powder 100kg;
2. with 1% limewash supernatant 350kg soaking corn straw powder 30hr, be yellow, the softening and band alkali flavor of corn straw powder to soak;
3. the alkalization material with back moves in the special insulation anaerobic fermentation tank (Fig. 2), adds solid koji 10kg, adds nutrient solution 7.0kg again, water 250kg;
4. sealed fermenting jar, evenly inject ammoniacal liquor in the jar by the hollow handle (7) of hand mixer and a lower end stirring-head (9) that stretches in the jar thereof, supply with nitrogenous source for a jar interior mash, and to keep its pH value be about 6.5, feed from hot-water line (6) porch, lower end with 50 ℃ of warm water, through flowing out from the exit, upper end behind jar interior mash, keep the mash temperature be 39 ℃ ± 1 ℃ every 12 hours portable agitator (3) handle (7) stir zymotic fluid up and down once, each 10 minutes, so the insulated and stirred anaerobic fermentation is 12 hours, zymotic fluid produces bubble, expands, and bovine rumen content smelling of fish or mutton flavor occurs.
5. get zymotic fluid 3/4, about 525 kilograms, with special solid koji cuber (Fig. 4) it is pressed into some songs, the every heavily about 3kg of solid koji preserves with the airtight normal temperature of polybag respectively, can get about 68 of solid koji, and filtrate is still returned in the jar and is used.
Embodiment 4: the insulation anaerobic fermentation tank.
Make with fine steel rib and cement casting, tank body (1) is a cylindrical shape, have the lid (2) can be airtight on the top, the lid side has charging aperture (4), in jar agitator (3) is arranged, agitator body is hollow, the upper end has hollow handle (7) to stretch out outside the jar, and top has a circular pressing plate that stirs to fixedly connected by vertical running through of the pressing plate center of circle with the stirring main body, and there is a conical hollow stirring-head (9) the agitator body lower end, aperture is all arranged on stirring-head side and the bottom surface, be used for adding ammoniacal liquor.Tank body (1) lower end end socket central authorities have discharging opening (5) with jar in communicate.Hot-water line (6) is snakelike, penetrates through passing from tank body top in the jar from tank body (1) bottom, uses for insulation.The concrete size of insulation anaerobic fermentation tank can be the high 250cm of tank body (1), diameter 150cm; Cover (2) φ 125cm; Charging aperture (4) φ 16cm; Discharging opening (5) φ 20cm; Hot-water line (6) φ 4.0cm; Hollow handle (7) φ 3.6cm; Stir pressing plate (8) φ 115cm; Stirring-head (9) 45cm.
Embodiment 5: simple and easy fermentation vat.
Form with cement and brick system, the pond body is a cube shaped.Pool wall has bank, and Chi Kou has the lid (2) can be airtight.There are handle (4), top to have square stirring pressing plate (5) to run through with agitator body on the agitator and fixedly connected, and can be placed on the pool wall bank with the supporting agitator by the center.There is a conical hollow stirring-head (9) the agitator lower end, and aperture is all arranged on stirring-head side and the bottom surface, is used for adding ammoniacal liquor, and whole agitator does not stretch out outside the pond, places all the time in the body of pond.Its concrete size can be stirring-head (9) φ 14cm; Hollow handle (7) φ 2.5cm; Stir pressing plate (8) area 54 * 54cm; The long 56cm of agitator; Pond floor space 60 * 60cm; Pond height 80cm.
Embodiment 6: the solid koji cuber.
Make support (11) bottom width 30cm, the long 60cm in the end with steel; The high 52cm of support eminence, the high 26cm of support lower, wide 20cm on the support, long 40cm on the support; Rotating disk (13) φ 40cm; Material bin (14) mouthful wide 34cm, tiltedly long 26cm; The long 80cm of machine barrel (18), floor space is 20 * 20cm.
The present invention has following features:
1. because the fermentation automatic adjusting of pH value and the use of nutrient solution, thereby improved the cellulose-decomposing ability of bacterium, the cellulose decomposition rate can reach more than 20%.
2. because the briquetting of the sort of quyi and packing, thereby the sort of quyi can be preserved at normal temperatures, be convenient to transportation and promote the use of.
3. this law is used ammoniacal liquor without urea and power, thereby cost.
4. by the ammoniacal liquor infiltration, produce ionic equilibrium, regulate pH value, thereby bacterial activity is strong and lasting, can continue decomposition of cellulose in the livestock enteron aisle, is beneficial to livestock digestion.
5. this law and special equipment can be used for large-scale production, realize the industrialization that the rumen feed sort of quyi is produced. And can support the use with the small-sized normal temperature fermentation of peasant household.
6. the installation for fermenting in this law is owing to adopted the agitator that moves up and down with pressing plate and special stirring-head, and the infiltration of ammoniacal liquor added in both can having guaranteed to ferment, and does not produce again the floating shell of karusen, has improved fermentation efficiency.
7. the solid koji cuber in this law can guarantee that the airtight normal temperature of solid koji is preserved with sort of quyi briquet, is convenient to transport and apply.
Claims (8)
1, make the method for rumen feed, the first step is to pulverize to be rich in cellulosic plant material, second step was an alkalization raw material break flour, it is characterized in that the 3rd step was inoculation, to in the reactant of the second step alkalization, adding the solid koji made with fresh rumen content or 1/4th and nutrient solution of the 4th step of previous round flow process karusen, the 4th step was anaerobic fermentation, to in the fermentation liquid under the air-tight state, adding ammoniacal liquor as nitrogenous source and buffer, the maintenance pH value is 5.8-7.0, intermittently stir fermentation, the 5th step is for the production of hybrid seeds, the fermentation liquid briquet song that will finish through the fermentation of the 4th step with special solid koji cuber, and with the airtight normal temperature preservation of polybag.
2, according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that in said the 3rd step inoculation the weight ratio that adds 1/4th and nutrient solution of solid koji or the 4th step of previous round flow process karusen is: raw material has alkalized: solid koji (or previous round karusen): nutrient solution=450: 10(25): 7.
3,, it is characterized in that its fermentation temperature and time are in said the 4th step anaerobic fermentation according to the method for claim 1: 38 ℃-40 ℃, 72 hours, perhaps normal temperature, 7 days, the alr mode at intermittence in the fermentation was stirring up and down.
4, method according to claim 1, the preparation method who it is characterized in that said solid koji is: the first step is got fresh bovine knurl content, second step was separated cultivation, get on the agar medium of ox knurl content supernatant access fibre-bearing element, anaerobism was cultivated 7 days in 38 ℃-40 ℃, the 3rd step test tube is cultivated, select the strong fungus strain of decomposition of cellulose ability from the second step culture medium and inserted on the test tube culture medium of forming by nutrient solution and cellulose the anaerobism cultivation 7 days, the 4th step wide-mouth bottle enlarges to be cultivated, culture medium is a grass meal Ensure Liquid liquid, the 5th step Plastic Drum enlarges to be cultivated, culture medium is identical with the 4th step, the culture of the 6th step with the 5th step is pressed into the piece song, preserves stand-by with plastic bag sealing normal temperature.
5, according to claim 1,4 method, the component that it is characterized in that said nutrient solution is salt, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, growth of animals or poultry element, ferrous sulfate and water, and their weight ratio is: salt: calcium monohydrogen phosphate: growth of animals or poultry element: ferrous sulfate: water=10: 3: 1: 1: 35.
6, use the equipment of the described manufacturing rumen feed of claim 1 method, comprise installation for fermenting, it is characterized in that being equipped with in the installation for fermenting hand mixer that moves up and down, except that fermentation tank and, it also has a solid koji cuber, is made of support, machine barrel, pressing plate.
7, according to the equipment of claim 6, the main body that it is characterized in that said solid koji cuber is a regular prism shape machine barrel, machine drum body top has in a material bin and the cylindrical shell and communicates, there is the rotating disk of a band inside spin pressure rod machine barrel upper end, be with the piston type increased pressure board on the pressure rod, on the sidewall of machine barrel lower end the press filtration hole is arranged, there is a press filtration plate by base plate stop gauge tap the termination, lower end.
8, according to the equipment of claim 6, it is characterized in that the hand mixer main body in the said installation for fermenting is a hollow stirring rod, its upper end has handle, top that the vertical with it pressing plate that is positioned at installation for fermenting is housed, and the lower end is the conical stirring-head that liquid filling hole is arranged on the sidewall.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN90106192A CN1061891A (en) | 1990-12-08 | 1990-12-08 | Make the method and the special equipment of rumen feed |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN90106192A CN1061891A (en) | 1990-12-08 | 1990-12-08 | Make the method and the special equipment of rumen feed |
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| CN1061891A true CN1061891A (en) | 1992-06-17 |
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| CN90106192A Pending CN1061891A (en) | 1990-12-08 | 1990-12-08 | Make the method and the special equipment of rumen feed |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100364439C (en) * | 2003-12-04 | 2008-01-30 | 胡全义 | Multiple composite microbiological protein feed |
| CN101965903A (en) * | 2010-08-17 | 2011-02-09 | 钱国英 | Preparation method of fermented vegetable protein |
| CN105994977A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-10-12 | 深圳市七彩地农业科技有限公司 | Non-grain ecological feed, preparation method and feeding method thereof |
-
1990
- 1990-12-08 CN CN90106192A patent/CN1061891A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100364439C (en) * | 2003-12-04 | 2008-01-30 | 胡全义 | Multiple composite microbiological protein feed |
| CN101965903A (en) * | 2010-08-17 | 2011-02-09 | 钱国英 | Preparation method of fermented vegetable protein |
| CN101965903B (en) * | 2010-08-17 | 2013-07-10 | 钱国英 | Preparation method of fermented vegetable protein |
| CN105994977A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-10-12 | 深圳市七彩地农业科技有限公司 | Non-grain ecological feed, preparation method and feeding method thereof |
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