CN106187945A - 一种有机合成中间体的合成方法 - Google Patents

一种有机合成中间体的合成方法 Download PDF

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CN106187945A
CN106187945A CN201610582336.2A CN201610582336A CN106187945A CN 106187945 A CN106187945 A CN 106187945A CN 201610582336 A CN201610582336 A CN 201610582336A CN 106187945 A CN106187945 A CN 106187945A
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thiadiazoles
methoxyphenyl
copper powder
amino
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安悦
刘文韬
吕成伟
闫杰
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Liaoning Normal University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D285/00Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D275/00 - C07D283/00
    • C07D285/01Five-membered rings
    • C07D285/02Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated thiadiazoles
    • C07D285/04Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated thiadiazoles not condensed with other rings
    • C07D285/121,3,4-Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3,4-thiadiazoles

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  • Nitrogen- Or Sulfur-Containing Heterocyclic Ring Compounds With Rings Of Six Or More Members (AREA)

Abstract

一种有机合成中间体的合成方法,步骤为:向干燥的反应瓶中加入2‑氨基‑5‑(4‑甲氧基苯基)‑1,3,4‑噻二唑、新制的铜粉和浓盐酸,置于冰水浴中搅拌均匀;取亚硝酸钠溶于去离子水制成饱和溶液,并置于冰水中;以2滴/分钟的速度向反应瓶中滴加亚硝酸钠饱和溶液,滴加完毕后在室温下搅拌0.5h,再加热至60℃,继续搅拌,至无气体放出,停止反应;冷却至室温,减压过滤,干燥,用无水乙醇重结晶,除去没有反应的铜粉,得2‑氯‑5‑(3‑氯‑4‑甲氧基苯基)‑[1,3,4]噻二唑有机合成中间体。具有合成简单、产率高的优点。应用同样的方法,合成得到另外一个有机合成中间体2‑溴‑5‑(3‑溴‑4‑甲氧基苯基)‑[1,3,4]噻二唑。

Description

一种有机合成中间体的合成方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种合成方法,特别是一种有机合成中间体的合成方法,具体讲本发明是基于Gattermann反应的一种新的合成方法,利用本发明的方法可以合成2个新的有机化合物----有机合成中间体。
背景技术
Gattermann反应是一个经典的有机人名反应,是在Sandermayer反应基础上改进的,其参考文献为基础有机化学(下册),作者邢其毅、裴伟伟、徐瑞秋、裴坚,北京高等教育出版社2005出版。该反应是:在少量的金属铜催化下,芳香族重氮盐与盐酸或氢溴酸反应生成氯苯或溴苯。例如:以苯胺为原料合成氯苯,合成路线如下:
发明内容
本发明的目的是在现有技术基础上,提供一种合成方法简单、一步反应、产率高、成本低的有机合成中间体的合成方法及利用该方法合成新的有机合成中间体,拓宽现有技术的应用范围。
本发明的有机合成中间体的合成方法,所述的有机合成中间体为2-氯-5-(3-氯-4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4]噻二唑,结构式如下:
合成步骤如下:
(1)、向干燥的反应瓶中加入2-氨基-5-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,3,4-噻二唑、新制的铜粉和浓盐酸,置于冰水浴中搅拌均匀;
所述的2-氨基-5-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,3,4-噻二唑、新制的铜粉和浓盐酸各成份的用量配比如下:
2-氨基-5-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,3,4-噻二唑与新制铜粉的摩尔比为 1∶0.75 ,其中浓盐酸的用量为过量,所述过量至少为2-氨基-5-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,3,4-噻二唑用量的18倍(摩尔倍数);
所述的2-氨基-5-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,3,4-噻二唑是熔点为192℃~194℃的白色针状晶体,苯环上连有甲氧基并且与[1,3,4]噻二唑呈对位;
所述的新制的铜粉是经过稀盐酸处理并除去其表面氧化膜的铜粉;
所述的浓盐酸浓度为36-38%;
(2)、取亚硝酸钠溶于去离子水制成饱和溶液,并置于冰水中;
(3)、以2滴/分钟的速度向反应瓶中滴加亚硝酸钠饱和溶液,亚硝酸钠饱和溶液的用量按如下摩尔比控制:2-氨基-5-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,3,4-噻二唑∶亚硝酸钠∶去离子水= 1∶5∶55;滴加完毕后在室温下搅拌0.5h,再加热至60℃,继续搅拌,至无气体放出,停止反应;冷却至室温,减压过滤,干燥,用无水乙醇重结晶,除去没有反应的铜粉,得2-氯-5-(3-氯-4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4]噻二唑有机合成中间体;
反应路线如下:
本发明的有机合成中间体,为2-氯-5-(3-氯-4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4]噻二唑,结构式如下:
本发明的合成方法是以 Gattermann 反应为基础,合成2-氯-5-(3-氯-4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4]噻二唑的一种新的合成方法,本发明以 2-氨基-5-(4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4]噻二唑为原料,一步反应,直接合成得到 2-氯-5-(3-氯-4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4]噻二唑。在此反应中,反应物分子结构中[1,3,4]噻二唑环上的氨基被氯取代,发生Gattermann反应;同时,苯环上甲氧基的邻位氢原子被氯取代,发生了苯环上的亲电取代反应。本发明具有合成方法简单、一步反应、产率高、成本低的优点。
附图说明
图1为2-氯-5-(3-氯-4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4]噻二唑1H NMR;
图2为2-氯-5-(3-氯-4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4]噻二唑13C NMR;
图3为2-氯-5-(3-氯-4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4]噻二唑GC-HRMS;
图4为2-溴-5-(3-溴-4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4]噻二唑1H NMR;
图5为2-溴-5-(3-溴-4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4]噻二唑13C NMR;
图6为2-溴-5-(3-溴-4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4]噻二唑GC-HRMS。
具体实施方式
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来实现:
1、2-氯-5-(3-氯-4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4]噻二唑的合成。
在干燥的反应瓶中,加入2-氨基-5-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,3,4-噻二唑、新制的铜粉和一定体积的浓盐酸,置于冰水浴中搅拌均匀。另取一定量的亚硝酸钠溶于去离子水配制成饱和溶液,置冰水中。然后,缓慢地向反应瓶中滴加亚硝酸钠饱和溶液,滴加完毕,室温搅拌0.5h,再加热至60℃,继续搅拌,至无气体放出,停止反应。冷却至室温,减压过滤,干燥,用无水乙醇重结晶,除去过量的铜粉,得到产物,合成路线如下:
2、结构确定
所用仪器:X-5型显微熔点测定仪(温度未校准,北京泰克仪器有限公司)Avance-500Hz核磁共振仪(瑞士Bruker公司,内标TMS),GCT气相色谱/飞行时间质谱联用仪(英国Micromass公司,采集速度10次/秒)。
本发明合成的2-氯-5-(3-氯-4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4]噻二唑的相关数据如下:熔点为142~143℃。1H NMR(500Hz,CDCl3δ7.92(d,J =2.15Hz,1H,2-Ph-H),7.76(dd,J =8.60Hz,2.15Hz,1H,6-Ph-H),7.01(d,J =8.60Hz,1H,5-Ph-H),3.97(s,3H,-OCH3);13C NMR(125Hz,CDCl3δ169.06, 157.70, 152.87, 129.35, 127.46, 123.71, 122.79,112.30, 56.42;HRMS (m/z) calcd for C9H6N2OSCl2 [M+H]+ 259.9578, found 259.9582.根据以上数据确定 2-氯-5-(3-氯-4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4]噻二唑结构式为:
3、合成方法应用
按照本发明的方法,以2-氨基-5-(4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4]噻二唑为原料,氢溴酸替代浓盐酸,同样反应条件下,得到2-溴-5-(3-溴-4-甲氧基苯)-[1,3,4]噻二唑。
相关测试数据如下:熔点:168~170℃。1H NMR(500Hz, CDCl3δ8.1(d, J =2.20Hz, 1H,2-Ph-H),7.81(dd, J =8.55Hz, 2.2Hz, 1H, 6-Ph-H),6.98(d, J =8.60Hz,1H, 5-Ph-H),3.97(s, 3H,-OCH3);13C NMR(125Hz,CDCl3δ170.30, 158.52, 137.37,132.48, 128.30, 122.96, 112.62, 112.05, 56.48;HRMS (m/z) calcd for C9H6N2OSBr2[M+H]+ 349.8547, found.349.8554.确定2-溴-5-(3-溴-4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4]噻二唑结构式为:
本发明是通过常规的合成方法,所有试剂均为化学纯或分析纯。2-氨基-5-(4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4]噻二唑按照文献合成,白色针状晶体,熔点192~194℃, 同文献值,该文献为GuoGang Tu a,b, ShaoHua Li b, HuiMing Huang b, Gang Li b, Fang Xiong c, XiMai b, HuaWei Zhu a, BinHai Kuang b, Wen Fang Xu a,*, Novel aminopeptidase Ninhibitors derived from 1,3,4-thiadiazole scaffold, [J]. Bioorganic &Medicinal Chemistry, 16 (2008) 6663–6668。
反应物的具体实验用量及产物产率:2-氨基-5-(4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4 ]噻二唑2.07g(0.01mol),铜粉0.48g(0.0075mol),亚硝酸钠3.45g(0.05mol),浓盐酸30mL,水10mL。产物2-氯-5-(3-氯-4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4]噻二唑,橙黄色针状晶体,1.80g,产率69.08%。
以氢溴酸替代浓盐酸,相同实验条件合成得到2-溴-5-(3-溴-4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4]噻二唑,黄色片状晶体,1.89g,产率54.1%。
本发明反应机理:反应体系中,亚硝酸钠与盐酸反应产生亚硝酸,于冰水浴中与2-氨基-5-(4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4]噻二唑反应生成重氮盐,在铜粉作用下产生氯化亚铜,发生Gattermann反应。过量的亚硝酸与浓盐酸作用,产生氯气,以反应中生成氯化亚铜或氯化铜为Lewis酸作催化剂,于苯环上发生氯代反应。由于甲氧基在苯环上是供电子的邻对位定位基,其苯环对位被富电子的五元杂环噻二唑占据,进一步增加了苯环上电子云密度,从而加热60℃有利于苯环上发生氯代反应,生成2-氯-5-(3-氯-4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4]噻二唑。也就是说:在此“一锅反应”中,不仅在[1,3,4]噻二唑环上发生了Gattermann反应,而且同时在苯环上进行了亲电取代反应。

Claims (1)

1.一种有机合成中间体的合成方法,其特征在于:所述的有机合成中间体为2-氯-5-(3-氯-4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4]噻二唑,结构式如下:
合成步骤如下:
(1)、向干燥的反应瓶中加入2-氨基-5-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,3,4-噻二唑、新制的铜粉和浓盐酸,置于冰水浴中搅拌均匀;
所述的2-氨基-5-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,3,4-噻二唑、新制的铜粉和浓盐酸各成份的用量配比如下:
2-氨基-5-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,3,4-噻二唑与新制铜粉的摩尔比为 1∶0.75 ,其中浓盐酸的用量为过量,所述过量至少为2-氨基-5-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,3,4-噻二唑用量的18倍;
所述的2-氨基-5-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,3,4-噻二唑是熔点为192℃~194℃的白色针状晶体,苯环上连有甲氧基并且与[1,3,4]噻二唑呈对位;
所述的新制的铜粉是经过稀盐酸处理并除去其表面氧化膜的铜粉;
所述的浓盐酸浓度为36-38%;
(2)、取亚硝酸钠溶于去离子水制成饱和溶液,并置于冰水中;
(3)、以2滴/分钟的速度向反应瓶中滴加亚硝酸钠饱和溶液,其亚硝酸钠饱和溶液的用量按如下摩尔比控制:2-氨基-5-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,3,4-噻二唑∶亚硝酸钠∶去离子水= 1∶5∶55;滴加完毕后在室温下搅拌0.5h,再加热至60℃,继续搅拌,至无气体放出,停止反应;冷却至室温,减压过滤,干燥,用无水乙醇重结晶,除去没有反应的铜粉,得2-氯-5-(3-氯-4-甲氧基苯基)-[1,3,4]噻二唑有机合成中间体;
反应路线如下:
CN201610582336.2A 2016-07-22 2016-07-22 一种有机合成中间体的合成方法 Pending CN106187945A (zh)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5086053A (en) * 1988-08-25 1992-02-04 Sanofi Derivatives of 1,3,4-thiadiazole, a method of obtaining them and pharmaceutical compositions containing them
CN102753022A (zh) * 2009-11-13 2012-10-24 瑞塞普托斯公司 选择性的杂环1-磷酸鞘氨醇受体调节剂
WO2012158550A2 (en) * 2011-05-13 2012-11-22 Receptos, Inc. Selective heterocyclic sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor modulators

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5086053A (en) * 1988-08-25 1992-02-04 Sanofi Derivatives of 1,3,4-thiadiazole, a method of obtaining them and pharmaceutical compositions containing them
CN102753022A (zh) * 2009-11-13 2012-10-24 瑞塞普托斯公司 选择性的杂环1-磷酸鞘氨醇受体调节剂
WO2012158550A2 (en) * 2011-05-13 2012-11-22 Receptos, Inc. Selective heterocyclic sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor modulators

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
STEPHEN TURNER,等: "Antihypertensive Thiadiazoles. 1. Synthesis of Some 2-Aryl-5-hydrazino-1,3,4-thiadiazoles with Vasodilator Activity", 《J.MED.CHEM.》 *

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