CN106175897B - A kind of atlantoaxial dislocation reduction fixation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an internal fixation device for atlantoaxial dislocation, comprising a first reinforcing plate, a second reinforcing plate and a third reinforcing plate, wherein the second reinforcing plate and the third reinforcing plate are respectively located above the first reinforcing plate and below, one side of the second reinforcing plate is fixedly connected with one end of the first connecting cylinder, and the other end of the first connecting cylinder is movably connected with a fixing block through the rotating shaft, and the fixing block is an arc-shaped fixing block, and the first connecting cylinder is movably connected with a fixing block. The other side of the second reinforcing plate is provided with a first fixation rod to meet the needs of different users, and the atlas does not need to be implanted with lateral mass screws or transarticular screws, avoiding serious iatrogenic complications such as spinal cord or blood vessel injury , The operation is simple and safe. Through different methods, the reinforcement position can be selected more accurately, so as to choose the most reasonable pivot pin placement point, which is conducive to obtaining the best fixation, which can speed up the recovery of the patient, reduce the pain of the patient, and improve the atlantoaxial Treatment efficiency and treatment quality of vertebral dislocation reduction.

Description

A kind of atlantoaxial dislocation reduction and internal fixation device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical machinery, in particular to an atlantoaxial dislocation reduction and internal fixation device.

Background technique

Atlantoaxial dislocation is a serious disease. Due to the dislocation of the atlas and the axis, the anterior or posterior dislocation of the atlas will compress the upper cervical spinal cord. paralysis, and even respiratory muscle paralysis and death. At present, the commonly used surgical device is usually to directly reduce the dislocation of the atlanto-dentate joint of the atlantoaxial by tightening the pedicle screw of the axis. However, this operation requires higher requirements for the operator, the operation is more difficult, and it is not easy to achieve accurate joint reduction. Moreover, the existing atlantoaxial dislocation reduction and internal fixation device cannot perform internal reinforcement according to the specific situation of the patient, and cannot be very Good to meet the needs of different users.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a reduction and internal fixation device for atlantoaxial dislocation, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an internal fixation device for atlantoaxial dislocation reduction, comprising a first reinforcing plate, a second reinforcing plate and a third reinforcing plate, the second reinforcing plate and the third reinforcing plate are respectively located above and below the first reinforcing plate;

One side of the second reinforcing plate is fixedly connected with one end of the first connecting cylinder, and the other end of the first connecting cylinder is movably connected with a fixing block through the rotating shaft. The other side is provided with a first fixing rod, and one end of the first fixing rod penetrates the second reinforcing plate and the first connecting cylinder in turn and is located inside the first connecting cylinder, and the inner middle end of the first connecting cylinder is provided with a positioning The middle of the positioning block is provided with a positioning groove, one end of the first fixing rod is connected with the positioning block by inserting the positioning groove, and one end of the first fixing rod is movably connected with a push-pull pressure block through a rotating shaft, and the push-pull pressure block is an arc The push-pull pressure block is located at the inner upper end of the fixing block, and the first fixing rod is connected to the first connecting cylinder and the second reinforcing plate through internal and external threads;

One side of the first reinforcing plate is connected with the fixing groove, and one side of the fixing groove is connected with one end of the second connecting cylinder, the other side of the first reinforcing plate is provided with a second fixing rod, and the second fixing rod is One end penetrates the first reinforcing plate and the second connecting cylinder in turn and is located inside the second connecting cylinder, one end of the second fixing rod is fixed with an active rotating block, and one end of the active rotating block is connected with one end of the driven rotating block , the other end of the driven rotating block is fixedly connected with a movable fixing block, one end of the movable fixing block penetrates the second connecting cylinder and is located outside the second connecting cylinder, and one end of the movable fixing block is connected with a reinforcing block, so The second fixing rod is connected to the second connecting cylinder and the first reinforcing plate through the inner and outer threads;

The third reinforcement plate is provided with a reinforcement device for the posterior arch of the atlas, and the reinforcement device for the posterior arch of the atlas includes a first hinge rod and a second hinge rod, and the middle part of the first hinge rod and the middle part of the second hinge rod are hinged Axle connection, one end of the first hinge rod and one end of the second hinge rod are horizontally installed with support plates, and the support plates are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, one of the support plates is installed with a reinforcement sleeve, and the other support plate is installed with a connection The connecting seat is movably connected with a connecting rod through the bearing, and one end of the auxiliary reinforcing plate is connected to the side surface of the reinforcement sleeve and the side surface of the connecting seat, and the other end of the auxiliary reinforcing plate is respectively connected with the first hinge rod and the The second hinge rod is fixedly connected. The other end of the first hinge rod and the other end of the second hinge rod are respectively provided with a fixed chute and a sliding plate. One end of the plate is slidably arranged inside the fixed chute, and the outer side of the sliding plate is provided with a moving block, the middle of the moving block is provided with a threaded rod, and both ends of the threaded rod pass through the limit plate and are located on the limit plate On the outside of the threaded rod, both ends of the threaded rod are sleeved with threaded caps.

Preferably, the cross sections of the first reinforcing plate and the second reinforcing plate are arc-shaped, and the third reinforcing plate is semicircular.

Preferably, there are at least two first connecting cylinders and fixing blocks, and both the first connecting cylinders and the fixing blocks are symmetrically arranged on one side of the second reinforcing plate.

Preferably, the vertical sections of the first connecting cylinder and the first fixing rod are rectangular, and the positioning groove is a rectangular positioning groove, and the first fixing rod and the positioning groove are connected by interference fit.

Preferably, there are at least five sets of the fixing grooves, and the fixing grooves are equally spaced, and the number of the second connecting cylinders is twice the number of the fixing grooves.

Preferably, the active rotating block, the driven rotating block, the movable fixed block and the reinforcing block are all three, and the active rotating block, the driven rotating block, the movable fixed block and the reinforcing block are all centered on the second fixed rod, and distributed in a centripetal shape.

Preferably, the inner wall of the reinforcing sleeve is provided with a guide groove, and the guide groove is in a helical shape, the connecting rod is provided with a helical protrusion, and the helical protrusion is connected with the guide groove.

Preferably, a spring is provided between the first hinge rod and the second hinge rod, and the spring is located inside the hinge shaft.

Preferably, there are at least two groups of the atlas posterior arch reinforcement devices, and the atlas posterior arch reinforcement devices are symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends of the third reinforcement plate.

Preferably, the first reinforcing plate, the second reinforcing plate and the third reinforcing plate are all made of titanium alloy material, and each structure of the atlantoaxial dislocation reduction and internal fixation device is also made of titanium alloy material.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that: the atlantoaxial dislocation reduction and internal fixation device can be used separately through the cooperation of the first reinforcing plate, the second reinforcing plate and the third reinforcing plate. It is impossible to reinforce and reduce the bones in different positions, and the reinforcement range of the reinforcement device can be adjusted to meet the needs of different users, and the atlas does not need to implant lateral mass screws or transarticular screws, avoiding spinal cord or For serious iatrogenic complications such as vascular injury, the operation is simple and safe. Through different methods, the reinforcement position can be selected more accurately, so as to choose the most reasonable pivot pin placement point, which is conducive to obtaining the best fixation and can speed up the recovery of the patient. , reduce the pain of patients, improve the treatment efficiency and treatment quality of atlantoaxial dislocation reduction.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the side view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the connection schematic diagram of the first connecting cylinder and the first fixing rod of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the first fixing rod and the positioning block of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the connection schematic diagram of the second fixing rod and the second connecting cylinder of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the connection schematic diagram of the first connecting cylinder and the fixing block of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the connection schematic diagram of the active swivel block and the driven swivel block of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the atlas posterior arch reinforcement device of the present invention;

9 is a schematic diagram of a threaded rod of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the fixed chute and the sliding plate of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. the first reinforcing plate, 2. the second reinforcing plate, 3. the third reinforcing plate, 4. the second fixing rod, 5. the first connecting cylinder, 6. the fixing block, 7. the fixing groove, 8. the second connecting cylinder, 9. the atlas Rear bow reinforcement device, 10 first fixing rod, 11 positioning block, 12 push-pull pressure block, 13 sliding plate, 14 reinforcement block, 15 moving block, 16 movable fixing block, 17 threaded rod, 18 active rotation block, 19 driven rotation block block, 20 reinforced sleeve, 21 connection seat, 22 fixed chute.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

1-10, the present invention provides a technical solution: an internal fixation device for atlantoaxial dislocation reduction, comprising a first reinforcing plate 1, a second reinforcing plate 2 and a third reinforcing plate 3, and the second reinforcing plate 2 and the third reinforcing plate 3 are respectively located above and below the first reinforcing plate 1 .

One side of the second reinforcing plate 2 is fixedly connected with one end of the first connecting cylinder 5, and the other end of the first connecting cylinder 5 is movably connected with a fixing block 6 through a rotating shaft. The fixing block 6 is an arc-shaped fixing block, and the second reinforcing plate The other side of the The inner middle end is provided with a positioning block 11, and the middle part of the positioning block 11 is provided with a positioning groove, one end of the first fixing rod 10 is connected with the positioning block 11 by inserting the positioning groove, and one end of the first fixing rod 10 is movably connected with a push-pull through the rotating shaft. The push-pull pressure block 12 is an arc-shaped push-pull pressure block. The push-pull pressure block 12 is located at the inner upper end of the fixing block 6. The first fixing rod 10 is connected to the first connecting cylinder 5 and the second reinforcing plate 2 through internal and external threads. The cross-sections of the first reinforcing plate 1 and the second reinforcing plate 2 are arc-shaped, and the third reinforcing plate 3 is semi-circular. There are at least two first connecting cylinders 5 and fixing blocks 6, and the first connecting cylinder 5 and the fixing block 6 are symmetrically arranged on one side of the second reinforcing plate 2, the vertical sections of the first connecting cylinder 5 and the first fixing rod 10 are rectangular, and the positioning groove is a rectangular positioning groove, the first fixing rod 10 and the first fixing rod 10 are rectangular. The positioning groove is connected by an interference fit.

One side of the first reinforcing plate 1 is connected with the fixing groove 7, and one side of the fixing groove 7 is connected with one end of the second connecting cylinder 8, the other side of the first reinforcing plate 1 is provided with a second fixing rod 4, and the first One end of the two fixing rods 4 sequentially penetrates the first reinforcing plate 1 and the second connecting cylinder 8 and is located inside the second connecting cylinder 8 . One end of the second fixing rod 4 is fixed with an active rotating block 18 , and the One end is connected with one end of the driven rotating block 19, the other end of the driven rotating block 19 is fixedly connected with the movable fixing block 16, and one end of the movable fixing block 16 penetrates the second connecting cylinder 8 and is located outside the second connecting cylinder 8, and One end of the movable fixing block 16 is connected with a reinforcing block 14 , the second fixing rod 4 is connected to the second connecting cylinder 8 and the first reinforcing plate 1 through internal and external threads, the fixing grooves 7 are at least five groups, and the fixing grooves 7 are equidistant. Distribution, the number of the second connecting cylinders 8 is twice the number of the fixed grooves 7, the active rotating block 18, the driven rotating block 19, the movable fixed block 16 and the reinforcing block 14 are all three, and the active rotating block 18, the driven rotating block 18, the driven rotating block 19 are three The rotating block 19 , the movable fixing block 16 and the reinforcing block 14 are all centered on the second fixing rod 4 and are distributed in a centripetal shape.

The third reinforcing plate 3 is provided with a reinforcing device 9 for the posterior arch of the atlas, and the reinforcing device 9 for the posterior arch of the atlas includes a first hinge rod and a second hinge rod, and the middle part of the first hinge rod and the middle part of the second hinge rod pass through the hinge shaft One end of the first hinge rod and one end of the second hinge rod are horizontally installed with support plates, and the support plates are arranged correspondingly, one of the support plates is installed with the reinforcement sleeve 20, and the other support plate is installed with a connecting seat 21, and the connecting seat 21 is movably connected with a connecting rod through a bearing, the side surface of the reinforcing sleeve 20 and the side surface of the connecting seat 21 are both connected with one end of an auxiliary reinforcing plate, and the other end of the auxiliary reinforcing plate is respectively connected with the first The hinge rod and the second hinge rod are fixedly connected, the other end of the first hinge rod and the other end of the second hinge rod are respectively provided with a fixed chute 22 and a sliding plate 13, and the outer ends of the fixed chute 22 are provided with limit plates. One end of the sliding plate 13 is slidably arranged inside the fixed chute 22, and a moving block 15 is arranged on the outer side of the sliding plate 13. The middle of the moving block 15 is provided with a threaded rod 17, and both ends of the threaded rod 17 penetrate through the limit. The position plate is located on the outer side of the limit plate, both ends of the threaded rod 17 are sleeved with threaded caps, the inner wall of the reinforcement sleeve 20 is provided with a guide groove, and the guide groove is helical, and the connecting rod is provided with a spiral convex and the helical protrusion is connected with the guide groove, a spring is arranged between the first hinge rod and the second hinge rod, and the spring is located on the inner side of the hinge shaft, there are at least two groups of atlas posterior arch reinforcement devices 9, and the atlas The posterior arch reinforcement device 9 is symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends of the third reinforcement plate 3, the first reinforcement plate 1, the second reinforcement plate 2 and the third reinforcement plate 3 are all made of titanium alloy materials, and the atlantoaxial dislocation is reduced in the inner part. Each structure of the fixing device is also made of titanium alloy material.

First, by adjusting the positional relationship between the first fixing rod 10 and the first connecting cylinder 5, the inclination angle of the fixing block 6 can be adjusted, and the fixing block 6 can also form a stable space for reinforcement and reset, so that the atlantoaxial side The block can be well reinforced and reset.

Then, by adjusting the direct positional relationship between the second fixing rod 4 and the second connecting cylinder 8, by rotating the second fixing rod 4, the active rotating block 18 can push the driven rotating block 19, so that the movable fixed block 16 can be pushed, and the movable fixed block can be pushed. 16 drives the reinforcement block 14, so that the distance between the two adjacent second connecting cylinders 8 can be changed, and the two second connecting cylinders 8 are arranged on both sides of the bone. It can better reduce the atlantoaxial fixation.

By moving the position of the moving block 15 on the fixed chute 22, the size of the opening at the other end of the atlas posterior arch reinforcement device 9 can be adjusted. The other end of the reinforcement device 9 forms a stable space, which can be used to reduce and reinforce the posterior arch of the atlas, and can also meet the needs of different users. The interaction of the third reinforcement plate 3 can be used to reinforce and reduce the bones at different positions in different ways, and the reinforcement range of the reinforcement device can also be adjusted to meet the needs of different users, and the atlas does not need to be implanted. Inserting lateral mass screws or transarticular screws can avoid serious iatrogenic complications such as spinal cord or blood vessel injury. The operation is simple and safe. Through different methods, the reinforcement position can be selected more accurately, so as to select the most reasonable pivot pin placement point. , is conducive to obtaining the best fixation, can speed up the patient's recovery, reduce the pain of the patient, and improve the treatment efficiency and treatment quality of atlantoaxial dislocation reduction.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, and substitutions can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the invention and modifications, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of atlantoaxial dislocation reduction fixation device, including the first securing plate (1), the second securing plate (2) and third are reinforced Plate (3), it is characterised in that: second securing plate (2) and third securing plate (3) are located at the top of the first securing plate (1) The lower section and；

The side of second securing plate (2) is fixedly connected with one end of the first connecting cylinder (5), and the first connecting cylinder (5) is another One end is connected with fixed block (6) by shaft, fixed block (6) be arc fixed block, second securing plate (2) it is another Side is equipped with the first fixed link (10), and one end of the first fixed link (10) sequentially passes through the second securing plate (2) and the first connecting cylinder (5) and positioned at the inside of the first connecting cylinder (5), the inside middle-end of first connecting cylinder (5) is equipped with locating piece (11), and positions The middle part of block (11) is equipped with locating slot, and one end of first fixed link (10) is connected by interspersed locating slot and locating piece (11) It connects, one end of the first fixed link (10) is connected with push-and-pull briquetting (12) by shaft, and pushes and pulls briquetting (12) and push away for arc Tension and compression block, push-and-pull briquetting (12) are located at the inner top side of fixed block (6), and first fixed link (10) passes through internal and external threads Be cooperatively connected the first connecting cylinder (5) and the second securing plate (2)；

The side of first securing plate (1) is connect with fixing groove (7), and the side of fixing groove (7) and the second connecting cylinder (8) The other side of one end connection, the first securing plate (1) is equipped with the second fixed link (4), and one end of the second fixed link (4) sequentially passes through First securing plate (1) and the second connecting cylinder (8) and the inside for being located at the second connecting cylinder (8), one end of second fixed link (4) It is fixed with active switch block (18), and one end of active switch block (18) is connect with one end of driven switch block (19), it is described from turn The other end of block (19) is fixedly connected with movable fixed block (16), and the second connecting cylinder is run through in one end of the activity fixed block (16) (8) and positioned at the outside of the second connecting cylinder (8), and one end of movable fixed block (16) is connected with reinforcement block (14), and described second Fixed link (4) passes through internal and external threads mating connection the second connecting cylinder (8) and the first securing plate (1)；

The third securing plate (3) is provided through arch of posterior atlas bracing means (9), and arch of posterior atlas bracing means (9) includes First hinge bar and the second hinge bar, in the middle part of the first hinge bar and middle part of the second hinge bar is by hinged axis connection, and the One end of one hinge bar and one end of the second hinge bar are horizontally installed with support plate, and support plate is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, wherein It is equipped in one support plate and reinforces sleeve (20), be equipped with attachment base (21) in another support plate, and attachment base (21) is logical Crossing bearing activity switching has connecting rod, and the side of reinforcing sleeve (20) and the side of attachment base (21) are respectively connected with auxiliary and add The other end of one end of solid plate, the additional reinforcement plate is fixedly connected with the first hinge bar and the second hinge bar respectively, and described The other end of the other end of one hinge bar and the second hinge bar is respectively equipped with fixed chute (22) and sliding panel (13), the fixation The outside both ends of sliding slot (22) are equipped with limit plate, and one end of sliding panel (13) is slidably arranged in the inside of fixed chute (22), And the outside of sliding panel (13) is equipped with movable block (15), the middle part of the movable block (15), which is run through, is equipped with threaded rod (17), and spiral shell The both ends of rasp bar (17) run through limit plate and are located at the outside of limit plate, and the both ends of the threaded rod (17) are socketed with screw thread Cap.

2. a kind of atlantoaxial dislocation reduction fixation device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described first reinforces The cross section of plate (1) and the second securing plate (2) is arc shape, and third securing plate (3) is in semicircle shape.

3. a kind of atlantoaxial dislocation reduction fixation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: first connection Cylinder (5) and fixed block (6) equal at least two, and the first connecting cylinder (5) and fixed block (6) are symmetricly set on the second securing plate (2) side.

4. a kind of atlantoaxial dislocation reduction fixation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: first connection Cylinder (5) and the first fixed link (10) vertical section it is rectangular, and locating slot be rectangle locating slot, the first fixed link (10) and Locating slot is interference fit connection.

5. a kind of atlantoaxial dislocation reduction fixation device according to claim 1, feature is in the fixing groove (7) At least five groups, and be equally spaced between fixing groove (7), the quantity of second connecting cylinder (8) is the two of fixing groove (7) quantity Times.

6. a kind of atlantoaxial dislocation reduction fixation device according to claim 1, feature is in the active switch block (18), driven switch block (19), movable fixed block (16) and reinforcement block (14) are three, and active switch block (18), driven switch block (19), movable fixed block (16) and reinforcement block (14) are centered on the second fixed link (4), and are distributed in heart shaped.

7. a kind of atlantoaxial dislocation reduction fixation device according to claim 1, feature is in the reinforcing sleeve (20) guiding groove is offered on inner wall, and is oriented to groove in the shape of a spiral, and the connecting rod is equipped with spiral salient, and spiral prominence It rises and is connect with guiding groove.

8. a kind of atlantoaxial dislocation reduction fixation device according to claim 1, feature is in first hinge bar And second be equipped with spring between hinge bar, and spring is located at the inside of articulated shaft.

9. a kind of atlantoaxial dislocation reduction fixation device according to claim 1, feature in: the arch of posterior atlas adds It is fixedly mounted with and sets (9) and be at least two groups, and arch of posterior atlas bracing means (9) is symmetricly set on the upper and lower ends of third securing plate (3).

10. a kind of atlantoaxial dislocation reduction fixation device according to claim 1, feature in: described first reinforces Plate (1), the second securing plate (2) and third securing plate (3) are that titanium alloy material is made, and atlantoaxial dislocation reduction fixation fills The each structure set also is that titanium alloy material is made.