CN106162791B - Method and node in sensor network - Google Patents
Method and node in sensor network Download PDFInfo
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- CN106162791B CN106162791B CN201510146560.2A CN201510146560A CN106162791B CN 106162791 B CN106162791 B CN 106162791B CN 201510146560 A CN201510146560 A CN 201510146560A CN 106162791 B CN106162791 B CN 106162791B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of methods and node for sensor network.The described method includes: carrying out pattern time-delay coding to the local extremum of physical quantity at each node；The multiple node synchronous pattern time-delay coding signal for sending respective local extremum in identical transmission window；And the most value of the physical quantity is determined according to the pattern time-delay coding signal of the pattern time-delay coding signal of itself and other nodes received at each node.According to embodiments of the present invention, the overall situation that can greatly shorten in determining network is most worth the required time.
Description
Technical field
This invention relates generally to sensor networks, determine method and section more particularly to the most value in sensor network
Point and sensor network.
Background technique
In sensor network, especially in wireless sensor network, it is often necessary to obtain numerical value in all nodes
Most value (for example, maximum value and/or minimum value).Such as the least residue electricity sometimes for all nodes in acquisition network,
Because the smallest remaining capacity determines the MaLS of network.For another example, it is sometimes desirable to obtain a region with sensor network
Maximum/minimum temperature, humidity and illuminance etc..Therefore, the maximum/minimum value of specific physical quantity is obtained in sensor network
It is one of most common function.
Flood routing method is a kind of common mode for obtaining the maximum/minimum value in sensor network.In the formula of flooding
In routing method, the every other node since some node into network sends local maximum/minimum, then by next
Node sends local maximum/minimum, and so on, by most D times floodings (D represents network diameter), all nodes all may be used
To know the extreme value of other nodes, so as to obtain global maximum/minimum value.
The shortcomings that flooding routing method is usually time-consuming longer.It is assumed that the time that a node sends a local extremum is
T then at least needs the time of D*T (wherein D represents network diameter) to go to determine the most value in whole network.Network size is bigger
(i.e. D is bigger) it is longer to determine that the overall situation is most worth the required time.
Accordingly, it is desired to provide a kind of improved more time is effectively used for determining the machine being most worth in sensor network
System.
Summary of the invention
To achieve the goals above, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of for determining specific physics in sensor network
The method of amount being most worth and the node for realizing this method.Pattern time-delay coding has been used according to the method for the embodiment of the present invention, and
And still retaining the characteristic being most worth in sending overlap based on multiple pattern time-delay coding signals, proposition can be in same sending time
The transmission of the pattern time-delay coding signal of multiple nodes is completed in window.To which the embodiment of the present invention can greatly shorten acquisition network
In be most worth the required time, and do not influenced substantially by network size size.Preferably, also propose can be by right by the present invention
Send data compressed and reduce send data needed for sending time window size, thus further shorten determine network in
Be most worth the required time.
According to the first aspect of the invention, a kind of method for sensor network is provided.The network includes multiple
Node.The method may include: to the local extremum progress pattern time-delay coding of physical quantity at each node；The multiple section
Point synchronous pattern time-delay coding signal for sending respective local extremum in identical transmission window；And the root at each node
The most value of the physical quantity is determined according to the pattern time-delay coding signal of itself and the pattern time-delay coding signal of other nodes received.
In embodiments of the present invention, the local extremum includes local maximum and/or minimum, and the overall situation is most worth
Including global maximum and/or minimum value.
In some embodiments, it may include: to the office that the local extremum to physical quantity, which carries out pattern time-delay coding,
Portion's extreme value is compressed；And pattern time-delay coding is carried out to compressed local extremum.The pattern time-delay coding according to itself
The pattern time-delay coding signal of signal and other nodes received determines that the most value of the physical quantity may include: that poor volume is prolonged in determination
Most value in code signal；And the identified most value prolonged in poor encoded signal is unziped it, with the determination physical quantity
Most value.
In some embodiments, compression formula can be used in the compression:Wherein, x is to need to compress
Value, δ is the evaluated error allowed, and y is compressed value；Decompression formula can be used in the decompression:Wherein, y ' is the value for needing to decompress, and x ' is the value after decompression.
In some embodiments, global synchronization clock is usually provided in the sensor network.
According to the second aspect of the invention, a kind of node for sensor network is provided.The node may include:
Coding unit is configured to carry out pattern time-delay coding to the local extremum of physical quantity；Transmit-Receive Unit is configured to and the network
In other nodes in identical transmission window the synchronous pattern time-delay coding signal for sending respective local extremum；And most it is worth
Determination unit, the pattern time-delay coding signal for being configured to the pattern time-delay coding signal according to itself and other nodes received are true
The most value of the fixed physical quantity.
In some embodiments, the local extremum includes local maximum and/or minimum, and the global most value is wrapped
Include global maximum and/or minimum value.
In some embodiments, the coding unit may include: compression subelement, be configured to carry out local extremum
Compression；And coded sub-units, it is configured to carry out pattern time-delay coding to compressed local extremum.The most value determines single
Member may include: that most value determines subelement, be configured to determine the most value prolonged in poor encoded signal；And decompression unit,
It is configured to unzip it the identified most value prolonged in poor encoded signal, with the most value of the determination physical quantity.
In some embodiments, compression formula can be used in the compression subelement:Wherein, x is to need
The value to be compressed, δ are the evaluated errors allowed, and y is compressed value.It is public that decompression can be used in the decompression unit
Formula:Wherein, y ' is the value for needing to decompress, and x ' is the value after decompression.
In some embodiments, node of the invention can also include: clock unit, when being configured to provide for global synchronization
Clock.
In some embodiments, node of the invention can also include: storage unit, be configured to store the physical quantity
Most value.
In some embodiments, node of the invention can also include: updating unit, be configured to currently determining institute
The most value for stating physical quantity updates the most value of the physical quantity stored.
According to the third aspect of the invention we, a kind of sensor network, including multiple foregoing nodes are provided.
Detailed description of the invention
By illustrating the preferred embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawing, above and other purpose of the invention, spy will be made
Advantage of seeking peace is clearer, in which:
Fig. 1 is shown using the node in the sensor network of traditional pattern time-delay coding mode and the formula routing method that floods
Schematic block diagram；
Fig. 2 shows examples using traditional pattern time-delay coding mode and the sensor network for the formula routing method that floods
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 shows the schematic block diagram of the node of sensor network according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 shows according to an embodiment of the invention for determining the signal of the method being most worth in sensor network
Flow chart；
Fig. 5 shows the schematic block diagram of the node of sensor network according to another embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 shows according to another embodiment of the present invention for determining the signal of the method being most worth in sensor network
Flow chart；And
Fig. 7 shows the exemplary schematic diagram of sensor network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Carry out the present invention is described in detail with reference to the drawings, shown in the drawings of illustrative embodiments of the invention, so that
Obtaining those skilled in the art can be realized the present invention.It is noted that the following drawings and example are not meant that the scope of the present invention
It is limited to single embodiment, opposite some or all described or shown elements by exchanging and combining different embodiments form it
His embodiment is also possible.In addition, partially or completely realizing element-specific of the invention can be used known tip assemblies
In the case of, it will only describe in order to understand part component essential to the invention in these known tip assemblies, and will omit to these
The detailed description of other parts in known tip assemblies, so that the present invention is more prominent.Unless otherwise noted herein, otherwise this field
Although technical staff is appreciated that some embodiments of the present invention are described as being realized with software form, the present invention is unrestricted
In this, but can also be realized with the combination of firmware, software and firmware, and vice versa.Unless separately clear sound herein
It is bright, otherwise in the present specification, the embodiment for showing single component should not be considered as it is restrictive, but the invention is intended to
It include the other embodiments including multiple same components, and vice versa.In addition, the present invention includes herein as signal
The equivalent of the current and future exploitation of cited known tip assemblies.
As it is used herein, term " most value " can refer to maximum value, minimum value may also mean that.Correspondingly, term
" extreme value " or " local extremum " can refer to maximum, can also refer to minimum.Although hereinafter discussing obtaining for maximum value for main
It takes, but the method for the embodiment of the present invention may be equally applicable for the acquisition of minimum value.
Herein, term " sensor network " refers to a kind of network being made of multiple transceivers.Term is " wireless to pass
Sensor network " refers to a kind of network being made of multiple wireless transceivers.Hereinafter Primary Reference wireless sensor network pair
The present invention is illustrated, but the present disclosure applies equally to the other sensors networks of such as wired sensor network etc.
Herein, maximum/minimum acquisition refers to obtaining in sensor network some physical quantity on all nodes
Maximum value or minimum value.Maximum/minimum refers to some in some node institute overlay area in sensor network
The maximum value or minimum value of physical quantity.It should be understood that in the extreme value (maximum/minimum) of all nodes in sensor network
Most value (maximum/minimum value) be global to be most worth.
Herein, term " pattern time-delay coding " refers to a kind of data coding mode used in the communication technology,
In each symbol be made of a pulse, pulse time location for occurring within the symbol transmitting period represents the volume of symbol
Code.
Herein, it is known as " pattern time-delay coding symbol transmitting week for sending the time of a pattern time-delay coding symbol
Phase ", also referred to as symbol transmit the period.
Herein, term " sending time window " refers to the time for transmission delay difference encoded signal.Delay inequality is compiled
Code signal may include one or more pattern time-delay coding symbols.In the case where only sending a pattern time-delay coding symbol, " hair
Send time window " it is equal to above-mentioned " symbol transmits the period ".Term " sending time window " is also referred to as " send window " sometimes, and the two can be with
It is used interchangeably.
Below with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 discuss it is a kind of be used in combination in sensor network traditional pattern time-delay coding mode and
The formula that floods routes to obtain the scheme of the most value (in this case, it is maximum values) in sensor network.
Fig. 1 is shown using one in traditional pattern time-delay coding mode and the sensor network for flooding formula routing method
The schematic block diagram of node.As shown in Figure 1, node 10 includes pattern time-delay coding unit 11, delay inequality Transmit-Receive Unit 12, most value determination
Unit 13 is most worth storage unit 14 and clock unit 15.
Pattern time-delay coding unit 11 is used to carry out the local extremum (being maximum in this example) of the physical quantity on node 10
Pattern time-delay coding, to generate pattern time-delay coding signal.In other words, pattern time-delay coding unit 11 is used to represent the symbol of local extremum
Number it is converted into delay inequality pulse.
Delay inequality Transmit-Receive Unit 12 is generated for other node transmission delay difference coding units 11 into sensor network
The representative node at local extremum pattern time-delay coding signal, and for receiving other sections in sensor network
The pattern time-delay coding signal of point.Due to using the formula routing method that floods, the different nodes in sensor network will in different times
Transmission delay difference encoded signal in period.The transmission timing of the delay inequality Transmit-Receive Unit 12 of different nodes can pass through clock unit
The 15 global synchronization clock signals provided control.
Most value determination unit 13 is used for pattern time-delay coding signal (the i.e. life of delay inequality coding unit 11 according to node 10 itself
At pattern time-delay coding signal) and the pattern time-delay coding signal of other nodes that receives determine the most value of physical quantity (in this example
For maximum value).
Most value storage unit 14 is for storing current most value.Most value storage unit 14 can most be worth determination unit in storage
13 determine that when being most worth, storage is identified to be most worth every time.Optionally, storage most value determination unit 13 will most be worth determination unit 13 and work as
The most value of preceding determination is compared with the most value stored, and is not only performed simultaneously storage operation in the two.
Clock unit 15 is for providing global synchronization clock, specifically, provides global synchronization for delay inequality Transmit-Receive Unit 12
Temporal information.
It is assumed that sensor network includes the n nodes that can be communicated two-by-two (i.e. network diameter is D=n), each node
The value range of physical quantity is [vl, vu].For simplicity, it is assumed that vlAnd vuIt is integer.Then, each node is for sending out
The period for sending a pattern time-delay coding symbol will be (vu-vl) a time slot (time slot).Then, traditional time delay is being used
In the case that poor coding mode adds the formula that floods to route, n (v is needed in totalu-vl) a time slot goes to find out maximum value.
Fig. 2 shows one to use the specific of the sensor network of traditional pattern time-delay coding mode and the formula routing method that floods
Example.As shown in Fig. 2 left-half, which includes 5 nodes shown in FIG. 1, be respectively labeled as node 1,2,3,
4,5, the value range of each node is [0,15].As shown, the maximum of the physical quantity of node 1,2,3,4,5 be respectively 5,
8,0,13 and 7.Fig. 2 right half part shows the broadcasting process of node 1,2,3,4,5.
Specifically, node 1,2,3,4,5 respectively occupies a sending time window.One sending time window has 15 times
Slot.Node 1 sends out the pulse of present time slot 5 in the first sending time window to node 2,3,4 and 5.Node 2 is in the second hair
Send the pulse for sending out present time slot 8 in time window to node 1,3,4,5.The Xiang Jiedian in third sending time window of node 3
1,2,4,5 pulse for sending out present time slot 0.Node 4 appears in the 4th sending time window to the transmission of node 1,2,3,5
The pulse of time slot 13.Node 5 sends out the pulse of present time slot 7 in the 5th sending time window to node 1,2,3,4.
After the broadcast is completed, all nodes all have received the pulse that four additional node is sent, so as to solve most
Big value is the value 13 from node 4.
Then, in the network, in order to obtain the maximum value in network, 5*15=75 time slot is needed in total.
Inventors have found that being most worth and still retaining in multiple pattern time-delay coding signal sending overlaps.Then, the present invention mentions
The transmission of the pattern time-delay coding signal of multiple nodes can be completed in same sending time window out, is obtained in network to reduce
Physical quantity the number for being most worth required time slot.It is described in detail in sensor network below with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 and uses delay inequality
Coding mode and the routing of chorus formula are to obtain the scheme being most worth in sensor network.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic block diagram of the node 30 of sensor network according to an embodiment of the invention.Such as Fig. 3 institute
Show, node 30 includes pattern time-delay coding unit 31, chorus formula delay inequality Transmit-Receive Unit 32, is most worth determination unit 33, most value storage
Unit 34 and clock unit 35.
Pattern time-delay coding unit 31 is used to carry out pattern time-delay coding to the local extremum of the physical quantity on node 30, to generate
Pattern time-delay coding signal.In other words, pattern time-delay coding unit 31 is used to represent the local extremum of the physical quantity at node 30
Symbol is converted into delay inequality pulse.
Chorus formula delay inequality Transmit-Receive Unit 32 is for other node transmission delay difference coding units into sensor network
The pattern time-delay coding signal of the local extremum of physical quantity at the representative of the 31 generations node, and sensor is come from for receiving
The pattern time-delay coding signal of other nodes in network.Different nodes due to using chorus formula routing method, in sensor network
Transmission delay difference encoded signal will be synchronized in identical sending time window.The transmission of the delay inequality Transmit-Receive Unit 32 of different nodes
The timing global synchronization clock signal that can be provided by clock unit 35 controls.Then, it is only necessary to a wheel (i.e. one transmission
Time window) can complete multiple nodes in network extreme value data broadcast.
Clock unit 35 is for providing global synchronization clock, specifically, provides entirely for chorus formula delay inequality Transmit-Receive Unit 32
The synchronous temporal information of office.
Most value determination unit 33 is used for according to the pattern time-delay coding signal of node 30 itself and other nodes received
Pattern time-delay coding signal determines the most value of physical quantity.
Most value storage unit 34 is for storing current most value.It should be understood that most value storage unit 34 is optional.For
The node being most worth in storage network is not needed, it is convenient to omit the unit 34.
Optionally, node 30 can also include updating unit.Updating unit is configured to the physics currently determined
The most value of amount updates the most value of the physical quantity stored.Updating unit can currently determine most value determination unit 33 most
Value is compared with the most value stored, and does not update the most value stored in most value storage unit 34 simultaneously in the two.
Fig. 4 shows according to an embodiment of the invention for determining the method 400 being most worth in sensor network
Schematic flow diagram.The sensor network may include multiple nodes shown in Fig. 3 30.Method 400 can be periodically executed, can also be with
Execution is triggered by dependent event when needing to obtain the most value in network.
As shown, (such as node 30) is to the office of the physical quantity on the node at each node in step S410
Portion's extreme value carries out pattern time-delay coding, to generate pattern time-delay coding signal.It is transmitted it should be understood that different extreme values will correspond to symbol
Different time slots in period.
In the step s 420, synchronous send in identical transmission window of multiple nodes in network represents respective physical quantity
Local extremum pattern time-delay coding signal.Then, it is only necessary to which a wheel (i.e. a sending time window) can be completed in network
Multiple nodes extreme value data broadcast.
In step S430, according to the pattern time-delay coding signal of itself and other nodes for receiving at each node
Pattern time-delay coding signal determines the most value of the physical quantity in a network.
It is similar with the situation of reference Fig. 2, consider to include the n nodes that can be communicated two-by-two (i.e. network diameter is D=n)
Sensor network, wherein the value range of the physical quantity of each node is [vl, vu].For simplicity, it is assumed that vlAnd vuIt is
Integer.Then, in the case where routing in the sensor network using pattern time-delay coding mode and chorus formula, a time delay is sent
The period of poor coded identification will be (vu-vl) a time slot, the most value obtained in sensor network only needs (v in totalu-vl) a
Time slot.Thus compared with the case where being routed in sensor network using traditional pattern time-delay coding mode and the formula that floods, this
Embodiment reduces acquisition sensor network using the scheme that pattern time-delay coding mode and chorus formula route in sensor network
Most it is worth the required time in network, and is not significantly affected by network size (such as network diameter D).
Inventor also found, can be by data when system can be tolerated to being most worth when being estimated to be certain error
Compression/de-compression is most worth the required time further to reduce to obtain in network.Sensor is described in detail in below with reference to Fig. 5-Fig. 7
It is obtained in sensor network most in network using pattern time-delay coding mode and the routing of chorus formula and in conjunction with compression/de-compression
The scheme of value.
Fig. 5 shows the schematic block diagram of the node 50 of sensor network according to another embodiment of the present invention.Such as Fig. 5 institute
Show, node 50 includes pattern time-delay coding unit 31, chorus formula delay inequality Transmit-Receive Unit 32, is most worth determination unit 33, most value storage
Unit 34 and clock unit 35.
Pattern time-delay coding unit 31 is used to carry out pattern time-delay coding to the local extremum of the physical quantity on node 30, to generate
Pattern time-delay coding signal.
Pattern time-delay coding unit 31 may include compression subelement 311 and coded sub-units 312.Subelement 311 is compressed to use
It is compressed in the local extremum to the physical quantity on node 30.After coded sub-units 312 are used to compress compression subelement 311
Local extremum carry out pattern time-delay coding, be converted into delay inequality pulse.
Various suitable compression methods can be used in the present invention.Preferably, compression formula can be used for example:Wherein, x is the value for needing to compress, and δ is the evaluated error that system is allowed, and y is compressed value.Using this
Compression method, time slot number needed for sending a compressed pattern time-delay coding symbol will be fallen to
It is similar with example discussed above, [vl, vu] be each node physical quantity value range, vlAnd vuIt is integer.It should manage
Other compression methods also can be used in solution, the present invention, and the present invention is unrestricted in this regard.
Chorus formula delay inequality Transmit-Receive Unit 32 is for other node transmission delay difference coding units into sensor network
The 31 pattern time-delay coding signals generated, and the pattern time-delay coding letter for receiving other nodes in sensor network
Number.Due to using chorus formula routing method, the different nodes in sensor network will synchronize transmission in identical sending time window
Pattern time-delay coding signal.The transmission timing of the delay inequality Transmit-Receive Unit 32 of different nodes can be provided complete by clock unit 35
Office's synchronizing clock signals control.Then, it is only necessary to which a wheel (i.e. a sending time window) can be completed multiple in network
The broadcast of the extreme value data of node.Therefore, time slot number needed for completing the broadcast of the compressed extreme value of multiple nodes will
It falls to
Clock unit 35 is for providing global synchronization clock, specifically, provides entirely for chorus formula delay inequality Transmit-Receive Unit 32
The synchronous temporal information of office.
Most value determination unit 33 is used for according to the pattern time-delay coding signal of node 30 itself and other nodes received
Pattern time-delay coding signal determines the most value of physical quantity.
Most value determination unit 33 may include that most value determines subelement 331 and decompression unit 332.Most value determines son
Unit 331 is used for according to the pattern time-delay coding signal of the compressed extreme value of itself and after the compression that other nodes receive
The pattern time-delay coding signal of extreme value determine the most value prolonged in poor encoded signal.Decompression unit 332 is used for determining
The most value prolonged in poor encoded signal unzip it, to determine the most value of the physical quantity in network.
It is corresponding with compression method, various suitable decompression methods can be used in the present invention.Preferably, such as institute
It states decompression and uses decompression formula:Wherein, y ' is the value for needing to decompress, and x ' is after decompressing
Value.
Most value storage unit 34 is for storing current most value.It should be understood that most value storage unit 34 is optional.For
The node being most worth in storage network is not needed, it is convenient to omit the unit 34.
Optionally, node 30 can also include updating unit.Updating unit is configured to the physics currently determined
The most value of amount updates the most value of the physical quantity stored.Updating unit can currently determine most value determination unit 33 most
Value is compared with the most value stored, and does not update the most value stored in most value storage unit 34 simultaneously in the two.
Fig. 6 shows according to another embodiment of the present invention for determining the method 600 being most worth in sensor network
Schematic flow diagram.The sensor network may include multiple nodes shown in fig. 5 50.Method 600 can be periodically executed, can also be with
Execution is triggered by dependent event when needing to obtain the most value in network.
As shown, (such as node 50) is to the office of the physical quantity on the node at each node in step S610
Portion's extreme value is compressed, to generate the compressed value of extreme value.Various suitable compression methods can be used in the present invention.It is preferred that
Compression formula can be used for example in ground:Wherein, x is the value for needing to compress, and δ is that the estimation that system is allowed misses
Difference, y are compressed values.
In step S620, pattern time-delay coding is carried out to the compressed extreme value on the node at each node, with life
At pattern time-delay coding signal.It should be understood that different numerical value will correspond to the different time slots in the symbol transmitting period.
In step S630, multiple nodes in network, which synchronize to send in identical transmission window, represents respective physical quantity
Extreme value compressed value pattern time-delay coding signal.Then, it is only necessary to which a wheel (i.e. a sending time window) can complete net
The broadcast of the compressed value of the extreme value data of multiple nodes in network.
In step S640, according to the pattern time-delay coding signal of itself and other nodes for receiving at each node
Pattern time-delay coding signal determines the compressed value being most worth.
In step S650, the identified compressed value being most worth is unziped it, to determine the physical quantity in a network
Most value.It is corresponding with compression method, various suitable decompression methods can be used in the present invention.Preferably, such as institute
It states decompression and uses decompression formula:Wherein, y ' is the value for needing to decompress, and x ' is after decompressing
Value.
It is similar with the situation of reference Fig. 2, consider to include the n nodes that can be communicated two-by-two (i.e. network diameter is D=n)
Sensor network, wherein the value range of the physical quantity of each node is [vl, vu].For simplicity, it is assumed that vlAnd vuIt is
Integer.Then, according to the present embodiment, prolong poor coding mode and chorus formula routing method when in use and combine compression/de-compression side
In the sensor network of method, being most worth required time slot and will fall in network is obtained
Fig. 7 shows one using pattern time-delay coding mode and floods and formula routing method and combine compressing/decompressing method
One specific example of sensor network.Sensor network similar with sensor network shown in Fig. 2, shown in Fig. 7 left-half
Network includes 5 nodes shown in fig. 5, is respectively labeled as node 1,2,3,4,5, and the value range of each node is [0,15], section
The maximum of the physical quantity of point 1,2,3,4,5 is respectively 5,8,0,13 and 7.In addition assume that system tolerable is wrong in the present embodiment
Accidentally ratio is δ=0.4.Each node uses compression formulaLogarithm is compressed.Carry out compressed number
The value range of value becomes [0,9] from [0,15].Then time slot required for a wheel numerical value is sent is reduced to 9 from 15.It
Afterwards, all nodes all start transmission delay difference pulse in same wheel with the same starting point.Fig. 7 right half part show node 1,
2,3,4,5 chorus formula broadcasting process, wherein the time slot being overlapped will occur.After the broadcast is completed, all nodes all receive
The pulse that four additional node is sent, wherein maximum value is 8.Then, node uses decompression formula:
It obtains maximum value and is estimated as 16, the error with true value 13 is 0.23.In this embodiment, in order to obtain the maximum in network
Value, the time slot number needed have been reduced to 9.With use traditional pattern time-delay coding add flood formula routing method in the case of obtain
Maximum value in network needs 75 time slots to compare, the present embodiment using pattern time-delay coding mode and flood formula routing method simultaneously
The time required for the most value obtained in network is greatly reduced in conjunction with the scheme of compression/de-compression.
Having been combined preferred embodiment above, invention has been described.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that above
The method and node shown is merely exemplary.Method of the invention is not limited to step and sequence illustrated above.This hair
Bright node may include component more more or fewer than the component shown.Those skilled in the art are according to the religion of illustrated embodiment
Many change and modification can be carried out by leading.
The acquisition of maximum value is mainly discussed in examples described above, it should be appreciated that the solution of the present invention is same
Acquisition suitable for minimum value.
Node and its component of the invention can by such as ultra large scale integrated circuit or gate array, such as logic chip,
The programmable hardware device of the semiconductor or field programmable gate array of transistor etc., programmable logic device etc.
Hardware circuit is realized, the software realization executed by various types of processors can also be used, can also by above-mentioned hardware circuit and
Software is implemented in combination with.
In addition, the embodiment of the present invention disclosed herein can be realized on computer program product.More specifically, should
Computer program product is a kind of following product: having computer-readable medium, coding has calculating on computer-readable medium
Machine program logic, when being performed on the computing device, it is of the invention to realize which provides relevant operation
Above-mentioned technical proposal.When executing at least one processor in computing system, computer program logic holds processor
Operation described in the row embodiment of the present invention (method).This set of the invention is typically provided as being arranged or encode in such as light
Software, code and/or other data structures on the computer-readable medium of medium (such as CD-ROM), floppy disk or hard disk etc.,
Or other media or one or more moulds of such as one or more ROM or the firmware on RAM or PROM chip or microcode
Downloadable software image, shared data bank in block etc..Software or firmware or this configuration are mountable on the computing device, with
So that the one or more processors calculated in equipment execute technical solution described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Plurality of advantages may be implemented in the present invention.The embodiment of the present invention proposes in sensor network in identical sending time
The transmission of the pattern time-delay coding signal of multiple nodes is completed in window, so as to shorten the most value institute for obtaining the physical quantity in network
The time needed, and do not influenced substantially by network size size.Preferably, the present invention also propose can by send data into
Row compresses and further decreases in acquisition network and be most worth the required time.
Although having been combined the preferred embodiment of the present invention above shows the present invention, those skilled in the art will
It will be appreciated that without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can carry out various modifications, replace and change to the present invention
Become.Therefore, the present invention should not be limited by above-described embodiment, and should be limited by appended claims and its equivalent.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of method for sensor network, the network includes multiple nodes, which comprises
Pattern time-delay coding is carried out to the local extremum of physical quantity at each node；
The multiple node synchronous pattern time-delay coding signal for sending respective local extremum in identical transmission window；And
Pattern time-delay coding signal at each node according to the pattern time-delay coding signal of itself and other nodes received is true
The most value of the fixed physical quantity.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein the local extremum includes local maximum and/or minimum, and institute
Stating most value includes global maximum and/or minimum value.
3. according to the method described in claim 1,
Wherein the local extremum progress pattern time-delay coding to physical quantity includes:
The local extremum is compressed；And
Pattern time-delay coding is carried out to compressed local extremum；
Wherein the pattern time-delay coding signal of the pattern time-delay coding signal according to itself and other nodes received determines institute
The most value for stating physical quantity includes:
Determine the most value prolonged in poor encoded signal；And
The identified most value prolonged in poor encoded signal is unziped it, with the most value of the determination physical quantity.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, wherein
The compression uses compression formula:Wherein, x is the value for needing to compress, and δ is the evaluated error allowed, y
It is compressed value；
The decompression uses decompression formula:Wherein, y ' is the value for needing to decompress, and x ' is decompression
Value after contracting.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, further include: global synchronization clock is provided in the sensor network.
6. a kind of node for sensor network, comprising:
Coding unit is configured to carry out pattern time-delay coding to the local extremum of physical quantity；
Transmit-Receive Unit, is configured to and other nodes in the network are synchronous in identical transmission window sends respective part
The pattern time-delay coding signal of extreme value；And
Most it is worth determination unit, the delay inequality for being configured to the pattern time-delay coding signal according to itself and other nodes received is compiled
Code signal determines the most value of the physical quantity.
7. node according to claim 6, wherein the local extremum includes local maximum and/or minimum, and institute
Stating most value includes global maximum and/or minimum value.
8. node according to claim 6,
Wherein the coding unit includes:
Subelement is compressed, is configured to compress local extremum；And
Coded sub-units are configured to carry out pattern time-delay coding to compressed local extremum；The most value determination unit includes:
Most it is worth and determines subelement, is configured to determine the most value prolonged in poor encoded signal；And
Decompression unit is configured to unzip it the identified most value prolonged in poor encoded signal, described in determination
The most value of physical quantity.
9. node according to claim 8, wherein
The compression uses compression formula:Wherein, x is the value for needing to compress, and δ is the evaluated error allowed, y
It is compressed value；
The decompression uses decompression formula:Wherein, y ' is the value for needing to decompress, and x ' is decompression
Value after contracting.
10. node according to claim 6, further includes: clock unit is configured to provide for global synchronization clock.
11. node according to claim 6, further includes: storage unit is configured to store the most value of the physical quantity.
12. node according to claim 11, further includes: updating unit is configured to the physics currently determined
The most value of amount updates the most value of the physical quantity stored.
13. a kind of sensor network, including multiple nodes as described in any one of claim 6-12.
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| CN101499857A (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2009-08-05 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Differential decoding method for resisting Doppler based on Pattern time delay encoded underwater acoustic communication |
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| CN101499857A (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2009-08-05 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Differential decoding method for resisting Doppler based on Pattern time delay encoded underwater acoustic communication |
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