CN106159295A - The control method of fuel cell system and system - Google Patents

The control method of fuel cell system and system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106159295A
CN106159295A CN201510201142.9A CN201510201142A CN106159295A CN 106159295 A CN106159295 A CN 106159295A CN 201510201142 A CN201510201142 A CN 201510201142A CN 106159295 A CN106159295 A CN 106159295A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
voltage
described fuel
cell pack
load device
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Granted
Application number
CN201510201142.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN106159295B (en
Inventor
权相旭
李南遇
尹圣坤
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Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Corp
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Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Motors Corp
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Publication of CN106159295A publication Critical patent/CN106159295A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04537—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04544—Voltage
    • H01M8/04559—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04858—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04865—Voltage
    • H01M8/0488—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0444—Concentration; Density
    • H01M8/04455—Concentration; Density of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04679—Failure or abnormal function of fuel cell stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04858—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04865—Voltage
    • H01M8/04888—Voltage of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04858—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04925—Power, energy, capacity or load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
    • H02J1/102—Parallel operation of dc sources being switching converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/30—The power source being a fuel cell
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides control method and the system of a kind of fuel cell system.This control method comprises the following steps: by high-tension battery charging consumes the voltage of fuel cell pack.Additionally, the method comprises the following steps: consume fuel cell stack voltage by fuel cell load device is connected to fuel cell pack, when the fuel cell stack voltage reduced by the first consumption process is less than the first predetermined reference voltage, perform this step.

Description

The control method of fuel cell system and system
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to control method and the system of fuel cell system, and more particularly Relate to preventing fuel cell pack deterioration and diagnosis remaining for consuming (draining) fuel cell pack The control method of the fuel cell system of the fault in the load of voltage.
Background technology
It is applicable to hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, the fuel cell system of a type of environment-friendly type vehicle Including: fuel cell pack, it produces electric power from the electrochemical reaction of reacting gas；Hydrogen supply is System, it is configured to supply the hydrogen as fuel to fuel cell pack；Air supply system, its It is configured to supply the gas including oxygen as the oxidant of electrochemical reaction；And hot and water Management system, it is configured to manage water and by launching the pair as wherein electrochemical reaction The heat of product keeps the optimum fuel cell stack temperature for driving.
Fig. 1 is the illustrative diagram illustrating total fuel cell system.As it is shown in figure 1, fuel Battery system 100 can include fuel cell pack 10, fuel cell load device 20, aerator 30, humidifier 40, air cutoff valve 35 and 45 in entrance and exit, drain valve 42, Purge valve 44, water trap 50, hydrogen EGR 55, hydrogen supply valve 57, radiator 60 With thermostat (thermostat) 65.Air cutoff valve 35 and 45 in entrance and exit can To prevent air after fuel-cell vehicle cuts out to be flowed into fuel cell pack.Drain valve 42 Being disposed in hydrogen exhaust line, to remove the water generated at anode, and purge valve 44 is adjusted Save the hydrogen concentration at anode, and hydrogen is discharged to air outlet slit, with diluent air.
When fuel-cell vehicle is closed and after fuel-cell vehicle cuts out, by fuel The voltage reduction of battery pile 10 is connected to fuel with the fuel cell load device 20 of attrition voltage Battery pile 10, to remove the oxygen within fuel cell pack 10.Along with fuel cell load device 20 consume electric current, and the oxygen flowed in fuel cell pack 10 removes with the residual hydrogen of anode.So And, hydrogen deficiency may cause oxygen not consume completely, and therefore wakes up (Wakeup) skill up Art is used for periodically supplying hydrogen to anode.
In other words, unlike internal combustion vehicle, fuel cell system 100 needs post processing Process, it is residual by remove within fuel cell pack 10 after closing at fuel-cell vehicle Remaining air reduces the voltage of fuel cell pack 10.Last handling process prevents fuel cell pack 10 Deterioration, to avoid exposure to high-tension danger.Be present in anode along with oxygen when voltage and During formation, carbon corrosion is likely to occur in negative electrode.Therefore, it is necessary to remove at fuel cell pack Oxygen within 10, and prevent the extra inflow of oxygen.When extra oxygen is flowed into fuel electricity Time in the heap of pond, it is necessary that the oxygen of discharge is removed.Therefore, when vehicle cuts out, system is stopped Block supplies, and specially uses fuel cell load device 20 to consume the remnants for load current Oxygen, and reduce voltage.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide control method and the system of a kind of fuel cell system, it can To use battery and fuel cell load device to reduce the voltage of fuel cell pack, and can examine The damage of disconnected fuel cell load device.
The control method of a kind of fuel cell system is permissible Comprise the following steps: by high-tension battery charging being consumed the voltage of described fuel cell pack； And along with described voltage consumption, when the voltage of described fuel cell pack is less than the first predetermined ginseng When examining voltage (V1), by fuel cell load device being connected to described fuel cell pack Consume the voltage of described fuel cell pack.
When described high-tension battery not being charged, if be detected that fuel-cell vehicle collision, If or the time that the voltage of described fuel cell pack reaches needed for making a reservation for the first reference voltage is more than The first predetermined cycle reference time, then can stop the charging of described high-tension battery, and hold Described second consumption process of row.Can not charge by described high-tension battery under following particular case: when When described high-tension battery damages, when the electric power converter being connected to described high-tension battery damages, When the charged state (SOC) of described high-tension battery is more than predetermined SOC and when being used for During the power supply deficiency that described high-tension battery charges.Along with described fuel cell load device is connected to Described fuel cell pack, when the voltage drop of described fuel cell pack is low to less than the second predetermined ginseng When examining voltage (V2), described second consumption process terminates.
Described control method can also comprise the following steps: fills based on to described fuel cell load The connection put, the main bus terminal electricity that regulation is arranged between described fuel cell pack and inverter It is pressed onto acceptable minimum voltage (V3), to prevent the output quilt of described fuel cell pack It is supplied to the load in addition to described fuel cell load device, until described fuel cell pack Voltage reaches predetermined the second reference voltage (V2).Arrive regulating described main bus terminal voltage In the step of acceptable minimum voltage (V3), the voltage that can keep described main bus terminal is Initial value, and when the voltage of described fuel cell pack reaches described the second predetermined reference voltage (V2), time, the voltage of described main bus terminal is reduced to acceptable minimum voltage (V3).
In the described main bus terminal voltage of regulation to the step of acceptable minimum voltage (V3), The voltage voltage more than described fuel cell pack of described main bus terminal can be kept.It addition, Regulate described main bus terminal voltage to the step of acceptable minimum voltage (V3) can include with Lower step: by closing main relay before being connected to described fuel cell load device, will Described fuel cell pack disconnects from main bus terminal.Described acceptable minimum voltage (V3) can With less than described first reference voltage, and more than the electric power for being operationally connected to high-tension battery Transducer or be connected to the minimum voltage of high potential assembly of main bus terminal.
Before the first removal process, described control method, it is also possible to comprise the following steps: By supplying air to described fuel cell pack, the voltage of described fuel cell pack is increased to greatly After described first reference voltage, stop the air to described fuel cell pack and supply.? Before two consume step, described control method, it is also possible to comprise the following steps: by closing Main relay, by described fuel cell pack from being arranged on described fuel cell pack and described inverter Between main bus terminal disconnect.
The controlling party of a kind of fuel cell system in accordance with an alternative illustrative embodiment of the present invention Method, may comprise steps of: fuel cell load device is connected to described fuel cell Heap；And diagnose the operation of the described fuel cell load device connected.It addition, diagnosis institute The step of the operation stating fuel cell load device may include that based on selected from following item at least One, diagnose the operation of described fuel cell load device: from the electricity of described fuel cell pack Stream output, in described fuel cell load device flowing electric current and at described fuel cell The reduction speed of the voltage of heap.
The step of the operation diagnosing described fuel cell load device may comprise steps of: when In the difference set between current value and the current value flowed in described fuel cell load device, Or difference between described setting current value and the output current value of described fuel cell pack is the biggest When predetermined tolerance, described controller diagnose the damage of described fuel cell load device, its Described in set current value be voltage based on described fuel cell pack and described fuel cell load Both resistance values of device calculate.Can bear at described fuel cell based on being configured to sense Carry the resolution of the sensor of the current value putting middle flowing, and be configured to sense described fuel The resolution of the sensor of the output current value of battery pile, makes a reservation for described tolerance respectively.
The reduction speed of voltage based on described fuel cell pack, diagnoses described fuel cell load The step of the operation of device may comprise steps of: based at described fuel cell load device Needed for after being connected to described fuel cell pack, the voltage of described fuel cell pack reaches specific voltage Time, and described fuel cell pack under the normal operating of described fuel cell load device Voltage reaches the reference time both needed for described specific voltage, diagnoses described fuel cell load The operation of device.The described reference time can be based on car speed, air influx, described combustion Expect the os-motic state within the water content of battery pile, described fuel cell pack and when described fuel electricity The voltage of described fuel cell pack when pond load device is connected to described fuel cell pack changes Become.
The reduction speed of voltage based on described fuel cell pack, diagnoses described fuel cell load The step of the operation of device may comprise steps of: based at described fuel cell load device The described fuel cell pack during special time cycle is have passed through after being connected to described fuel cell pack Voltage and under the normal operating of described fuel cell load device the special time cycle it Both reference voltages that rear described fuel cell pack reaches, diagnose described fuel cell load device Operation.Described reference voltage can be based on car speed, air influx, described fuel electricity Os-motic state within the water content of Chi Dui, described fuel cell pack and when described fuel cell is born Carry and put the voltage of described fuel cell pack when being connected to described fuel cell pack and change.
It addition, when the voltage of described fuel cell pack is more than predetermined voltage, can be based on being selected from At least one of following item, performs the diagnosis of the operation to described fuel cell load device: come Export from the electric current of described fuel cell pack and flowing in described fuel cell load device Electric current.When the voltage of described fuel cell pack is less than predetermined voltage, can be based on described fuel The reduction speed of the voltage of battery pile, performs examining of the operation to described fuel cell load device Disconnected.
Along with the voltage of described fuel cell pack consumes, when described by charging high-tension battery When the voltage of fuel cell pack is less than the first predetermined reference voltage, described fuel electricity can be performed Pond load device is to the connection of described fuel cell pack；And when the voltage of described fuel cell pack Operation when dropping below the second predetermined reference voltage, to described fuel cell load device Diagnosis can terminate, described predetermined voltage can more than predetermined the second reference voltage, and Less than the first predetermined reference voltage.
When the voltage of described fuel cell pack is more than described predetermined voltage, if setting current value And in described fuel cell load device flowing current value between difference or described set electricity Difference between the output current value of flow valuve and described fuel cell pack is respectively greater than predetermined tolerance, then May diagnose that described fuel cell load device damages, wherein said setting current value is basis The voltage of described fuel cell pack and the resistance value of described fuel cell load device calculate.When When the voltage of described fuel cell pack is less than predetermined voltage, can be based on described fuel cell pack Voltage from diagnosis the time started reach specific voltage needed for time and at described fuel cell Ginseng needed for the voltage of described fuel cell pack reaches specific voltage under the normal operating of load device Examining the time both, the operation of described fuel cell load device is diagnosed.
The described reference time can be based on car speed, air influx, described fuel cell pack Water content, os-motic state within described fuel cell pack and when described fuel cell load fills The voltage putting described fuel cell pack when being connected to described fuel cell pack changes.Described pre- Determine voltage more than described specific voltage.When the voltage of described fuel cell pack is less than predetermined voltage Time, can be electric based on described fuel when have passed through the special time cycle from the diagnosis time started The voltage of Chi Dui, and have passed through described spy under the normal operating of described fuel cell load device Fix time the cycle time both reference target voltage, diagnose the behaviour of described fuel cell load device Make.
Described reference voltage can be based on car speed, air influx, described fuel cell pack Water content, os-motic state within described fuel cell pack or when described fuel cell load fills The voltage putting described fuel cell pack when being connected to described fuel cell pack changes.Described pre- Determine voltage and can be more than described reference voltage.Described control method can also comprise the following steps: When the diagnosis of the operation to described fuel cell load device terminates, store and terminate based on diagnosis Result to memorizer.
According to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the control method of fuel cell system can be by consuming The remnant oxygen of fuel cell pack improves the durability of fuel cell system.Additionally, the method can The danger that high pressure exposes is reduced by reducing the voltage of fuel cell pack.The method also can keep working as Restart stability during vehicle, and the fuel efficiency of vehicle can be improved.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Other objects, features and other advantages of the present invention are by from combining below accompanying drawing Detailed description is more clearly understood that, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the illustrative diagram illustrating the overall fuel cell system according to prior art；
Fig. 2 is the exemplary of fuel cell system power network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention Block diagram；
Fig. 3 is the fuel cell system power network according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention Block diagram；
Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B illustrates fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention The exemplary process diagram of control method；
Fig. 5 is the exemplary of fuel cell system power network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention Block diagram；
Fig. 6 is the fuel cell system power network according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention Block diagram；
Fig. 7 A and Fig. 7 B is that use high-tension battery is shown respectively according to an exemplary embodiment of the present For consuming the process of fuel cell stack voltage and prohibitting the use of high-tension battery for consuming fuel electricity The example view of the process of the process of pond heap voltage.
Fig. 8 is to illustrate when fuel cell is closed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present, along with time Between voltage and current change exemplary graph；
Fig. 9 is to illustrate for using the figure 5 illustrates according to an exemplary embodiment of the present The current value of one current sensor detection diagnoses showing of the method for fuel cell load device operation Example flow chart；
Figure 10 is to illustrate for using the figure 6 illustrates according to an exemplary embodiment of the present The current value of two current sensor detections diagnoses showing of the method for fuel cell load device operation Example flow chart；
Figure 11 A and Figure 11 B is to be shown respectively according to an exemplary embodiment of the present to work as fuel cell Load device under normal operation time and when fuel cell load device damages, according to fuel electricity The change of pond heap voltage reaches time that specific voltage spent and after the special time cycle The curve chart of voltage；
Figure 12 is to illustrate for diagnosing fuel cell load according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention The exemplary process diagram of the method for device operation；
Figure 13 is to illustrate for diagnosing the fuel electricity according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention The exemplary process diagram of the method for pond load device operation；And
Figure 14 and Figure 15 be illustrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present according to the present invention another The flow chart of the control method of the fuel cell system of exemplary embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
Should be understood that terms used herein " vehicle " (vehicle) or " vehicle " (vehicular) Or other similar terms includes common motor vehicles, it may for example comprise Multifunctional bicycle (SUV) At interior passenger car, bus, truck, various commercial vehicle, include various ship and boats and ships Water carrier, aircraft etc., and include that motor vehicle driven by mixed power, electric motor car, plug-in type are mixed Close electric motor car, hydrogen-powered vehicle, fuel-cell vehicle and other alternative fuel vehicle (such as, Derive from the fuel of resource beyond oil).Hybrid electric vehicle used herein is to have two kinds The vehicle of above power source, such as petrol power and electrodynamic vehicle.
Although exemplary embodiment is described as using multiple unit to perform exemplary processes, but Should be appreciated that exemplary processes can also be performed by one or more modules.Further, it will be understood that Term " controller/control unit " refers to the hardware unit of memorizer and processor.This is deposited Reservoir is configured to store above-mentioned module, and processor concrete configuration is for performing above-mentioned module, in order to Perform the one or more processes being described further below.
Additionally, the control logic of the present invention also can be embodied as the non-wink on computer-readable medium Time property computer-readable medium, this computer-readable medium comprises by processor, controller/control The executable program instructions that unit etc. perform.The example of computer-readable medium includes but not limited to ROM, RAM, CD-ROM (read-only optical disc), tape, floppy disk, flash memory disk (flash drive), Smart card and optical data storage device.Computer readable recording medium storing program for performing also can be distributed in connection net In the computer system of network (network coupled), in order to such as pass through remote server (telematics server) or controller local area network (CAN:Controller Area Network) With distribution form storage and execution computer-readable medium.
Terms used herein is merely to illustrate that purpose rather than the meaning of illustrative embodiments Limiting the present invention.As it is used herein, singulative ", one (a, an and the) " It is also intended to include plural form, unless context clearly indicates.Will also be appreciated that Terminology used herein " includes (comprises and/or comprising) " and refers to there is institute State feature, integer (Integer, overall), step, operation, element and/or parts, but not Get rid of and exist or add one or more further feature, integer, step, operation, element, portion Part and/or its group.As it is used herein, term "and/or" includes one or more relevant Any and all combination of Listed Items.
As it is used herein, unless specifically stated otherwise or from the context it is evident that term " about (about) " it is interpreted as being in the normal tolerance range of this area, such as in the 2 of meansigma methods In individual standard deviation." about " can be regarded as in the 10%, 9% of mark value (stated value), 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.1%, 0.05%, or In 0.01%.Unless from the context additionally it is clearly noted not only that all numbers the most provided in this article Value is modified by term " about ".
The ad hoc structure of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention disclosed in description or application or function Describe the description of the exemplary embodiment being only used for the present invention, can embody also in a variety of manners And should not be construed as being limited to the embodiment described in description or application.
Specific exemplary embodiment is shown in the drawings and retouches in detail in description or application State, because the exemplary embodiment of the present invention can have various forms and amendment.But, should This understanding, being not intended to limit embodiments of the invention is specific embodiment, but is intended that and covers Cover all of amendment, equivalent and be included in the alternative of the scope of the invention.
Although term first, second grade can be used for describing various element in this article, but these yuan Part should be not limited by these terms.These terms are for distinguishing different elements.Such as, One element can be referred to as the second element, and similarly, the second element can be referred to as first Element, is made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
It should be understood that when element is referred to as " connection " or during " coupled " to another element, It can be connected or coupled to another element, or intermediary element can exist.On the contrary, when Element is referred to as " when being directly connected " or " directly coupled " to another element, there is not centre Element.(example should be explained in a similar fashion for describing other word of relation between element As, " between " and " directly between ", " adjacent " and " direct neighbor " etc.).
Unless otherwise defined, all terms the most used herein (including technology and scientific terminology) Have and identical contained by what those of ordinary skill in the technical field belonging to the present invention was commonly understood by Justice.It will be appreciated that term such as should be interpreted that defined in common dictionary have with The implication that in the context of association area, their implication is consistent, and will not be with idealization or mistake In formal meaning interpretation, unless be so defined the most clearly.
With reference now to accompanying drawing, the most identical reference is used for representing phase in whole different accompanying drawings Same or similar assembly.
Fig. 2 is the exemplary frame of fuel cell system power network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention Scheme, and Fig. 3 is the fuel cell system power network according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention Block diagram.As shown in Figures 2 and 3, for the fuel cell-cell hybrid power of vehicle System may include that the fuel cell 10 as main power source and the high-tension battery as accessory power supply (main battery) 220, they can be connected in parallel with each other via main bus terminal 211；Bidirectional, dc- Direct current (DC/DC) transducer (such as, BHDC:Bidirectional High Voltage DC/DC Converter；Bidirectional high-pressure DC/DC transducer) 221, it is connected to high-tension battery 220 to adjust The output of joint high-tension battery 220；Inverter 231, it is connected at two fuel cells 10 With the main bus-bar terminal 211 on the outlet side of high-tension battery 220；It is connected to driving of inverter 231 Galvanic electricity machine 232；High-voltage load 233 in vehicle, it includes inverter 231 and drives motor 232；Low tension battery (boosting battery) 240 and low-voltage load 241；Low voltage DC/DC transducer (such as LDC:Low Voltage DC/DC Converter；Low voltage DC/DC transducer) 242, it connects between low tension battery 240 and main bus terminal 211, is configured to turn high pressure It is changed to low pressure；And fuel cell load device 20.
Here, the fuel cell 10 as main power source and the high-tension battery 220 as accessory power supply Both can load in being parallel-connected to system via main bus terminal 211, such as inverter 231, motor 232 etc. is driven.The two-way DC/DC transducer 221 being connected to high-tension battery is permissible It is connected to the main bus terminal 211 at fuel cell 10 outlet side, and therefore can be by regulation The voltage (such as, to the output voltage of main bus terminal) of two-way DC/DC transducer 221, The output of both regulation fuel cell 10 and high-tension battery 220.
Fuel cell 10 may be included in the diode 213 preventing reverse current on its outfan, and will Fuel cell 10 is used to selectively connect to the relay 214 of main bus terminal 211.Relay 214 Can be disposed in the power network shown in Fig. 2, but the electric power shown in Fig. 3 can not be arranged on In net.Relay 214 in fig. 2 can be configured at fuel cell system idling flameout/restart The vehicle traction phase during process and under fuel cell 10 normal operating (such as failure-free operation) Between fuel cell 10 is connected to main bus, and vehicle cut off (such as normal shutdown) or During emergency cutoff, fuel cell 10 is disconnected from main bus.Fuel cell load device 20 can be When fuel cell opens and closes for consuming the load of fuel battery voltage.Fuel cell 10 Can be connected to each other via fuel cell load relay 25 with fuel cell load device 20.
Fuel cell system in Fig. 3 eliminates relay 214, is used for continuing it is therefore possible to reduce The cost of electrical equipment, and reduce the noise caused by the operation of relay 214.But, for cutting off figure As the output of fuel cell of role of relay 214 in 2, system should keep two-way The voltage of DC/DC transducer 221 is more than the open-circuit voltage of fuel cell pack, and is limited in high pressure Battery can allow the high-voltage load 233 in output and the load both low-voltage load 241.This Outward, the time needed for high pressure, fuel cell are formed as fuel cell shutdown (off) in order to reduce The voltage of 10 needs to be consumed.When relay 214 is included in systems, it is possible to by continuing The closedown (off) of electrical equipment 214 prevents high pressure from being formed in bus terminal.
Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B is the controlling party of fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention The exemplary process diagram of method.Fig. 4 A shows such a control method, wherein fuel cell system System can include the master being configured to prevent the output of fuel cell to be provided to main bus terminal Relay 214, and Fig. 4 B shows such a control method, wherein fuel cell system is not Including main relay 214.Especially, fuel cell controller (FCU:fuel cell control) May be configured to the corresponding steps performed in flow charts, or with fuel cell controller communication Multiple controllers of each assembly in fuel cell system can be configured to perform this mistake Journey.
With reference to Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B, when fuel cell system 100 is closed (S401), control Device may be configured to determine that whether the voltage of fuel cell pack 10 is less than the first predetermined reference electricity Pressure (V1) (S403).When the voltage of fuel cell pack 10 is less than predetermined the first reference voltage (V1) Time, air can be supplied to fuel cell pack 10 (S405), and fuel cell pack 10 Voltage can increase, until voltage is more than the first reference voltage (V1) (S407), and then Air can be terminated (S409) to the supply of fuel cell pack.When the voltage of fuel cell pack is more than During the first reference voltage (V1), air can be prevented from being fed to fuel cell pack, and air The process of supply can be terminated (S409).
In other words, stopping air supply can be carried out regardless of the voltage of fuel cell, but works as When the voltage of fuel cell pack 10 is at a fairly low, controller may be configured to supply to fuel cell pack To air, to increase the voltage of fuel cell pack to more than the first reference voltage (V1), and so The supply of rear stopping air.When fuel cell is closed during idling flameout process, fuel electricity The voltage of pond heap 10 is the lowest, and is therefore likely difficult to diagnose fuel cell load device 20 Operation.Whether for diagnosis fuel cell load device in operation, it may need at fuel electricity Fuel cell load device is operated under the state that the voltage of pond heap 10 is up to a certain degree.Therefore, It is supplied to fuel cell pack to improve the voltage of fuel cell pack to after specific degrees at air, The supply of air may stop.
After stopping air supply, controller may be configured to determine high-tension battery 220 whether Can be electrically charged, or whether fuel-cell vehicle collision does not occurs (S411).High-tension battery is No can be electrically charged 220 and can determine based at least one condition selected from following condition: high pressure Whether battery 220 damages, and the two-way DC/DC transducer 221 being connected to high-tension battery 220 is No damage, SOC (the state of charge of high-tension battery 220；Charged state) whether more than pre- Fixed SOC, and the most not enough for the power supply of high-tension battery 220 charging.
In response to determining whether high-tension battery 220 can be electrically charged, the voltage of fuel cell pack can lead to The charging crossing high-tension battery 220 consumes, and the voltage of therefore fuel cell pack 10 can be dropped Low (S413).Along with the voltage of fuel cell pack 10 reduces, controller may be configured to determine that Whether the voltage of fuel cell pack 10 is less than predetermined the first reference voltage (V1), or high-tension electricity Whether the charging interval in pond 220 is more than predetermined period of time (T1) (S415).Work as fuel cell When the voltage of heap 10 is less than predetermined the first reference voltage (V1), or when high-tension battery 220 Charging interval more than predetermined period of time (T 1) time, the charging of high-tension battery can stop (S417)。
As shown in Figure 4 B, for including the system of main relay 214, when fuel cell pack 10 When voltage is less than the first predetermined reference voltage, or when the charging interval of high-tension battery is more than predetermined During time cycle (T 1), fuel cell pack 10 can be by closing main relay 214 from main bus Terminal 211 disconnects (S416), and the voltage of main bus terminal 211 can reduce to reach the 3rd Reference voltage (V3), the 3rd reference voltage can be predefined for about with the first reference voltage (V1) Identical or less than the first reference voltage (V1) (S417).The charging stopping high-tension battery 220 can Determining based on following condition, this condition includes: the voltage of main bus terminal 211；Come from height Maximum of voltage from fuel cell pack consumption of the charging of piezoelectric battery etc..Consumption comes from height The process of the voltage of the fuel cell pack 10 of piezoelectric battery 220 charging and consumption come from fuel cell and bear The process of the voltage carrying the fuel cell pack 10 putting 20 can not synchronize to perform.
More specifically, in order to prevent to the load (example in addition to fuel cell load device 20 Such as, high-tension battery, subsidiary engine etc.) electric power of output fuel cell pack 10, main bus terminal 211 Voltage can be lowered to the 3rd predetermined reference voltage.It addition, fuel cell pack 10 can be connected Receive fuel cell load device 20 (S419).When fuel cell load device 20 is connected to combustion During material battery pile 10 (S421), the operation of fuel cell load device 20 can be diagnosed.Change sentence Talking about, controller may be configured to diagnosis or determines fuel cell load device 20 whether basis Its purpose of design operates, and does not has fault.
When the voltage drop of fuel cell pack is low to less than predetermined the second reference voltage (V2) (S423) Time, diagnosis can be terminated and diagnostic result can be stored in (S425) in memorizer.So After, the voltage of main bus terminal 211 can be by regulation electric power converter, the most two-way DC/DC The voltage of transducer 221 and be reduced to the 3rd predetermined reference voltage (V3).Main bus terminal The voltage of 211 can be lowered to the 3rd predetermined reference voltage, is beneficial to fuel cell load The diagnostic result of device 20 determines whether to open warning lamp etc., and this diagnostic result can be shown that fuel electricity Whether pond load device damages, and this diagnostic result is in next of rear vehicle of shutdown (shut=down) Read from memorizer during secondary starting (start-up).
First reference voltage (V1) can be scheduled and be in the voltage-operated of electric power converter 221 In the range of.Additionally, for the fuel efficiency of fuel-cell vehicle, the first reference voltage can be by advance Whether be set to relatively small value, and damage to diagnose fuel cell load device 20, this is years old One reference voltage can be predefined for relatively large value.3rd reference voltage (V3) could be for The voltage reducing main bus terminal 211 restarts the reference voltage of stability with holding, and can In being predefined for driving the fuel cell system 100 in electric power converter 221 operating range of voltages The minimum voltage of section load (such as Aided Machine etc.).First reference voltage (V1) can be with Three reference voltages (V3) are about the same, or more than the 3rd reference voltage (V3).It addition, the 3rd Reference voltage (V3) can be more than the electric power converter for being operationally connected to high-tension battery 220 221 or be connected to the minimum voltage of high potential assembly of main bus terminal 211.
Do not include that the fuel cell system 100 of main relay 214 can be omitted in stopping high-tension battery The voltage course (S417) of main bus terminal 211 is reduced before 220 chargings, if or system Perform the step of S417, then this system may be configured to prevent the electric power of fuel cell pack 10 defeated Go out to include the load in addition to fuel cell load device 20 including high-tension battery 220.
Fig. 5 is the exemplary frame of fuel cell system power network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention Scheme, and Fig. 6 is the fuel cell system power network according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention Block diagram.Description for the same components shown in Fig. 3 and configuration will be omitted.Ginseng Examining Fig. 5, the fuel cell system in Fig. 5 also includes that being configured to sensing flows to fuel cell load First current sensor 27 of the size of current of device 20.Be suitable to flow to fuel cell load device The current sensor of current range can be used as the first current sensor 27.Fuel shown in Fig. 6 Battery system can include the second electric current being configured to sense the output electric current of fuel cell pack 10 Sensor 29 rather than sensing flow to the first current sensor of fuel cell load device 20 27.Especially, fuel cell is flowed to owing to the output electric current of fuel cell pack 10 can have ratio The scope that the electric current of load device 20 is bigger, so the second current sensor can high-resolution Rate current sense.
Fig. 7 A and Fig. 7 B is to be shown respectively for using high-tension battery 220 to consume fuel cell pack The process of the voltage of 10 and prohibit the use of high-tension battery for consuming the mistake of fuel cell stack voltage The example view of the process of journey.Using high-tension battery 220, the voltage of fuel cell pack 10 disappears Consumption can be performed, until voltage reaches the 3rd predetermined reference voltage (V3).Main bus terminal The voltage of 211 can also passage in time and reduce, but acceptable minimum voltage can be by (such as, can be adjusted to can for the voltage of main bus terminal to be limited to the 3rd reference voltage (V3) The minimum voltage (V3) accepted).3rd reference voltage or acceptable minimum voltage (V3) Can be predefined at the minimum operation voltage of two-way DC/DC transducer 221 and high-voltage load 233 Minimum driving voltage between lower value.
Fig. 7 B illustrates the situation that As time goes on voltage of main bus terminal 211 keep, or Person changes and based on different minimum voltage limits when the minimum voltage limit value of main bus terminal 211 Value, the situation that the voltage of main bus terminal 211 reduces.Minimum voltage limit value can be determined that Higher value between voltage and the 3rd reference voltage (V3) of fuel cell pack 10, to keep The voltage of main bus terminal 211 is more than the output voltage of fuel cell pack 10, thus fuel cell The output of heap 10 is possible to prevent to be provided to not include the negative of fuel cell load device 20 Carry.
Fig. 8 is to illustrate when fuel cell shutdown As time goes on, and voltage and current occurs The exemplary graph of change.Part 1 is that the voltage of fuel cell pack 10 is by high-tension battery 220 Charging consume part, and part 2 be fuel cell pack 10 voltage use fuel cell bear Carry the part putting 20 consumption.In part 2, the operation of fuel cell load device 20 can It is diagnosed.Additionally, in part 2, main relay 214 can be closed, to prevent high pressure Battery 220 is charged by fuel cell pack 10, or prevents the output of fuel cell pack 10 It is provided to subsidiary engine.Additionally, use two-way DC/DC transducer 221 to reduce main bus terminal The process of the voltage of 211 can be disabled, and performs the Control of Voltage illustrated in figure 7b.
Fig. 9 is to illustrate the electricity for using the first current sensor 27 detection that figure 5 illustrates Flow valuve diagnoses the exemplary process diagram of the method for fuel cell load device 20 operation.Figure 10 It is to illustrate for using the current value of the second current sensor 29 detection that figure 6 illustrates to examine The exemplary process diagram of the method for disconnected fuel cell load device 20 operation.
With reference to Fig. 9 and Figure 10, the according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention control of fuel cell system Method processed can include the behaviour diagnosing the fuel cell load device 20 being connected to fuel cell pack 10 Make step, and the step diagnosing the operation of fuel cell load device 20 can include based on The voltage of fuel cell pack 10 and the resistance value of fuel cell load device 20 calculate and estimate Current value (the I of meterest) (S701, S801).As the current value (I estimatedest) and bear at fuel cell Carry and put 20 (Ireal-loadDifference between the current value flowed in), or the current value (I estimatedest) and combustion Output current value (the I of material battery pilereal-fuelcellDifference between) is more than predetermined tolerance (K, M) Time (S703, S803), controller may be configured to determine that fuel cell load device 20 damages Bad (S705, S805).The first current sensor 27 based on fuel cell load device 20 Resolution and the resolution of the second current sensor 29 of fuel cell pack 10, predetermined tolerance (K, M) can be set differently.
Figure 11 A and Figure 11 B be illustrate when fuel cell load device under normal operation (such as When not having fault or damage to occur) time and when damaging when fuel cell load device, distinguish base Change in fuel cell stack voltage reach the time needed for specific voltage and special time cycle it After the exemplary graph of voltage.
With reference to Figure 11 A, in order to the reduction speed of voltage based on fuel cell pack 10 diagnoses fuel The operation of cell load device 20, and it is connected to fuel based at fuel cell load device 20 Needed for after battery pile 10, the voltage of fuel cell pack 10 reaches specific voltage (V11) time Between, and the voltage of fuel cell pack 10 reaches under the normal operating of fuel cell load device 20 Reference time (T_f) both needed for specific voltage (V11), fuel cell load device The operation of 20 is diagnosed.
With reference to Figure 11 B, in order to the reduction speed of voltage based on fuel cell pack diagnoses fuel cell The operation of load device, and based on fuel cell load device 20 be connected to fuel cell pack it After fuel cell pack 10 when have passed through special time cycle (T11) voltage and at fuel electricity Fuel cell pack when have passed through special time cycle (T11) under the normal operating of pond load device 20 Both the reference target voltage (V_f) that 10 reach, the operation of fuel cell load device 20 is examined Disconnected.
In other words, after fuel cell load device 20 is operated, fuel cell load device Operation can reach the time needed for specific voltage (V11) by voltage based on fuel cell pack Whether more than cycle reference time, and the fuel electricity after the specific time cycle (T11) Whether pond heap voltage diagnoses more than reference voltage.Operate based on when fuel cell load device 20 Time fuel cell pack initial voltage (when start to fuel cell load device 20 provide combustion Fuel cell stack voltage during material battery pile 10 output), reach specific voltage (V11) The voltage that required time and fuel cell pack can reach after the special time cycle (T11) can Being variable.It addition, it is based on the fuel cell pack when fuel cell load device operates Initial voltage, the breakdown judge standard of fuel cell load device 20 can be variable.Along with The increase of car speed, time needed for reaching specific voltage and fuel cell pack are likely to be breached Voltage all may increase.When air stream being detected and when fuel cell pack 10 is in fuel electricity When humidifying insufficient state that parches (such as, the internal resistance of fuel cell increases) of pond heap 10, Time can increase equally.Additionally, when hydrogen infiltration (crossover) occurs, the time may subtract Few.Accordingly, it is considered to external environment condition and the degradation of fuel cell pack (10), with reference to electricity Pressure and cycle reference time can change.Especially, when car speed, throughput, journey is parched When degree and hydrogen permeability increase, the diagnosis to the operation of fuel cell load device 20 may quilt Disabling.
With reference to Figure 11 A and Figure 11 B, according to the time arrived needed for specific voltage, or according to Voltage after the special time cycle can diagnose fuel cell load device and be in normal operating Or or damage, this can the initial voltage of fuel cell heap 10 and change and (such as work as diagnosis Voltage during beginning).Determine that the criterion of normal condition or fault condition can have such as L1, L2 Side-play amount (offset).
Figure 12 is to illustrate for diagnosing fuel cell load according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention The exemplary process diagram of the method for device operation, and Figure 13 is to illustrate for diagnosis according to this The exemplary flow of the method for the fuel cell load device operation of another exemplary embodiment bright Figure.
Figure 12 and Figure 13 illustrates the side for diagnosing the fault in fuel cell load device 20 Method, the value wherein detected by current sensor with the use illustrated in figure 9 and in figure 10 diagnoses The method of the fault in fuel cell load device 20 is different, does not use current sensor 27、29.When system does not include current sensor 27,29, at fuel cell load device Fault in 20 can use the voltage drop low velocity of fuel cell pack 10 to diagnose.
In other words, after fuel cell load device 20 is connected to fuel cell pack 10, Controller may be configured to determine that the voltage of fuel cell pack reaches specific voltage (V11) institute Whether the time needed is more than cycle reference time, or whether the voltage of fuel cell pack 10 is more than Have passed through the reference voltage during special time cycle, therefore controller may be configured to determine combustion Whether material cell load device 20 damages.
With reference to Figure 12, the diagnosis to the operation of fuel cell load device 20 can include walking as follows Rapid: to determine that whether elapsed time is more than spy after being connected to fuel cell load device 20 Fixed time limit value (S901)；When the elapsed time is more than special time limit value, determine fuel Whether the virtual voltage of battery pile is more than reference voltage (V_f) (S903)；And diagnosis fuel The operation (S905, S907) of cell load device 20.When the elapsed time is more than this special time During limit value, and when the virtual voltage of fuel cell pack 10 is more than the reference voltage of normal condition (V_f), time, fuel cell load device 20 can be confirmed as damaging, say, that does not locates In normal operating condition (S905), and when the virtual voltage of fuel cell pack 10 is less than with reference to electricity Pressure (V_f), fuel cell load device 20 can be confirmed as normal operating (S907).
Additionally, with reference to Figure 12, the diagnosis to the operation of fuel cell load device 20 can include Following steps: after being connected to fuel cell load device 20, determine fuel cell pack 10 Voltage whether reach specific voltage (V11, V12) (S901)；Determine fuel cell pack 10 Voltage reach the time needed for specific voltage (V11, V12) whether more than cycle reference time (T_f)(S903)；And the operation (S905, S907) of diagnosis fuel cell load device 20. When the voltage of fuel cell pack 10 reaches specific voltage (V11), and work as fuel cell pack The voltage of 10 reaches the reference time more than the normal condition time needed for specific voltage (V11) During cycle (T_f), fuel cell load device 20 can be confirmed as damaging, say, that It is not at normal operating state (S905), and when the voltage of fuel cell pack 10 reaches certain electric When time needed for pressure (V11) is less than cycle reference time (T_f), fuel cell load fills Put 20 and can be confirmed as normal operating (S907).
With reference to Figure 13, the diagnosis to the operation of fuel cell load device 20 can include following step Rapid: to arrange the reference voltage (V_F) of fuel cell pack 10, it is to fill at fuel cell load Put when have passed through specific after being connected to fuel cell load device 20 under the normal operating of 20 Between cycle (T11) time accessible voltage (S1001)；Determine be connected to fuel cell bear Carry and whether have passed through the special time cycle (S1003) after putting 20；And it is being connected to combustion When have passed through special time cycle (T11) after the connection of material cell load device, according to fuel Difference (S1005) between the voltage of battery pile 10 and reference voltage (V_f), diagnosis fuel electricity The operation (S1007, S1009) of pond load device.
In other words, first, fuel cell load device 20 may be connected to fuel cell pack 10, And reference voltage can be preset (S1001), this reference voltage is for pass through after connection During special time cycle (T11), along with normal because of fuel cell load device 20 of voltage Operate and reduce, the accessible voltage of fuel cell pack.Then controller may be configured to really Determine whether have passed through the special time cycle (T11) (S1003), and in the special time cycle (T11) voltage of the fuel cell pack 10 detected after can be with reference voltage (S1005) Compare.When the difference detected between voltage and reference voltage is more than side-play amount (L2), fuel Cell load device can be determined that damage (S1007).
It addition, with reference to Figure 13, the diagnosis to the operation of fuel cell load device 20 can include Following steps: arrange cycle reference time (T_f), it is at fuel cell load device 20 Normal operating under the voltage of fuel cell pack 10 reach required for specific voltage (V11) time Between (S1001)；Determine whether the voltage of fuel cell load device 20 reaches specific voltage (V11)(S1003)；And the voltage according to cycle reference time and fuel cell pack 10 reaches Difference between the actual time required for specific voltage (V11) (S1005) diagnoses fuel The operation (S1007, S1009) of cell load device.
In other words, first, fuel cell load device 20 may be connected to fuel cell pack 10, And cycle reference time, (T_f) can be preset (S1001), this week reference time Phase be under the normal operating of fuel cell load device 20 connect after by fuel cell pack 10 Voltage be reduced to the time that specific objective voltage is spent.Additionally, controller can be configured to Determine whether the voltage of fuel cell pack 10 is reduced to specific voltage (S1003), and will combustion The voltage of material battery pile 10 is reduced to the time required for specific voltage can also be with week reference time Phase compares (S1005).When with reference to the time cycle with by the voltage reduction of fuel cell pack 10 When difference between the time needed for specific voltage is more than predetermined tolerance (L1), fuel cell is born Carry to put and can be determined that damage (S1007).When with reference to the time cycle with by fuel cell pack The voltage of 10 be reduced to specific voltage needed for time between difference less than predetermined tolerance (L1) time, Fuel cell load device 20 can be diagnosed as normal operating (S1009).
When fuel cell load device 20 is connected to fuel cell pack 10, the special time cycle it After reference target voltage and reach cycle reference time needed for specific voltage can be according to fuel The voltage of battery pile 10 and change.Additionally, cycle reference time and reference voltage can be along with fuel Fuel cell vehicle speed increases and increases.Additionally, when air stream being detected and work as fuel cell Heap 10 is in when parching (dry-out) state of fuel battery humidifying deficiency, cycle reference time Can increase with reference voltage.It addition, along with the film of the fuel cell that includes fuel cell pack 10 Hydrogen permeability increases, and cycle reference time and reference voltage can reduce.
Figure 14 and Figure 15 is to illustrate the fuel cell system according to other exemplary embodiment of the present invention The exemplary process diagram of control method.In fig. 14 from the step of S1103 to S1107 and From the step of S1203 to S1207 and in Fig. 10 from the step of S801 to S805 in Figure 15 Identical.In fig. 14 from the step of S1109 to S1113 and in fig .15 from S1209 to The step of S1215 respectively with in fig. 12 from the step of S901 to S907 and in fig. 13 from The step of S1003 to S1009 is identical.Description accordingly, with respect to abovementioned steps will be omitted.
When starting the operation diagnosis of fuel cell load device 20, along with fuel cell pack loads More than or less than predetermined voltage (V4), the control method shown in Figure 14 and 15 correspondingly changes For the method diagnosing the operation of fuel cell load device 20.In other words, fuel cell The voltage of heap 10 can be measured, and compares (S1101, S1201) with predetermined voltage (V4). When the voltage of fuel cell pack 10 is more than predetermined voltage (V4), estimated current value (Iest) Can voltage based on fuel cell pack 10 and the resistance value of fuel cell load device 20 Calculate (S1103, S1203).Then, as the current value (I estimatedest) and fuel cell pack 10 Output current value (Ireal-fuelcellDifference between) is more than predetermined tolerance (K) (S1105, S1205) Time, fuel cell load device 20 can be diagnosed as fault (S1107, S1207).
Additionally, when the voltage of fuel cell pack 10 is less than predetermined voltage (V4), fuel cell The operation of load device 20 can use the method shown in Figure 12 or Figure 13 to diagnose.In other words Say, when the voltage of fuel cell pack 10 is less than predetermined voltage (V4), based at fuel cell After load device 20 is connected to fuel cell pack 10, fuel cell stack voltage reaches specific voltage Required time (such as elapsed time), and normal as at fuel cell load device 20 The lower fuel cell pack of operation reaches cycle reference time (T_f) two of the time needed for specific voltage Person, the operation of fuel cell load device 20 can be diagnosed.
Additionally, when the voltage of fuel cell pack 10 is less than predetermined voltage (V4), based on working as Fuel cell load device 20 have passed through the special time cycle after being connected to fuel cell pack 10 Time fuel cell stack voltage, and when under the normal operating of fuel cell load device 20 pass through The reference voltage (V_f) that during the special time cycle, fuel cell pack 10 reaches both, fuel The operation of cell load device 20 can be diagnosed.
Use current sensor to diagnose the operation of fuel cell load device 20, with based on along with The reduction degree of the voltage of the passage of time and diagnose the operation phase of fuel cell load device 20 Ratio, more accurately.However, it is contemplated that current sensor can be configured the scope of measurement, when in combustion When in material cell load device 20, the size of current of flowing is notable, fuel cell load device 20 Operation current sensor can be used to diagnose, and when in fuel cell load device 20 flow Electric current sufficiently small so that by current sensor undetectable time, fuel cell load device 20 Operation can be diagnosed by the reduction degree in voltage in time.
Predetermined voltage (V4) can be arranged to, more than specific voltage (V11) with at fuel cell Fuel cell pack when have passed through special time cycle (T11) under the normal operating of load device 20 10 reference voltages reached (V_f).It addition, as shown in Figure 8, predetermined voltage (V4) can To have the value between the first reference voltage (V1) and the second reference voltage (V2).Additionally, Predetermined voltage (V4) can be more than L2, tolerance (side-play amount).It is as noted previously, as measurement electricity The method of stream is more accurate compared with the method measuring voltage decrease speed, predetermined voltage (V4) It can be the reference voltage making the method for this measurement voltage decrease speed useful.
According to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the control method of fuel cell system can be by disappearing The remnant oxygen of consumption fuel cell pack improves the ruggedness of fuel cell system.Additionally, the party Method has the effect eliminating high voltage exposure hazard by reducing the voltage of fuel cell pack.Separately Outward, the method can keep the stability when restarting vehicle, and can improve vehicle Fuel efficiency.
Although the exemplary embodiment of the present invention has been disclosed for descriptive purpose, but this area Skilled artisan will appreciate that, various amendments, to increase and replace be all possible, without deviating from institute Scope and spirit of the present invention disclosed in attached claim.

Claims (31)

1. a control method for fuel cell system, comprises the following steps:
By controller by high-tension battery charging being consumed the voltage of described fuel cell pack；And
Along with voltage consumption, when the voltage of described fuel cell pack is less than the first predetermined reference voltage (V1) time, by described controller by fuel cell load device is connected to described fuel cell Heap consumes the voltage of described fuel cell pack.
Control method the most according to claim 1, wherein when can not be to described high-tension battery During charging, if be detected that fuel-cell vehicle collision, if or the voltage of described fuel cell pack The time needed for predetermined first reference voltage that reaches more than the first predetermined cycle reference time, then stops The only charging of described high-tension battery, and perform described second consumption process.
Control method the most according to claim 2, wherein can not under following particular case Described high-tension battery is charged: when described high-tension battery damages, when being connected to described high-tension battery Electric power converter when damaging, when the charged state (SOC) of described high-tension battery is more than predetermined During SOC and when the power supply deficiency charged for described high-tension battery.
Control method the most according to claim 1, wherein fills at described fuel cell load Put when being connected to described fuel cell pack, when the voltage drop of described fuel cell pack is low to less than predetermined The second reference voltage (V2) time, described second consumption process terminate.
Control method the most according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
By described controller based on the connection to described fuel cell load device, regulation is in described combustion The voltage of the main bus terminal arranged between material battery pile and inverter is to acceptable minimum voltage (V3), to prevent the output of described fuel cell pack to be provided to except described fuel cell is born Carry the load outside putting, until the voltage of described fuel cell pack reaches the second predetermined reference electricity Pressure (V2).
Control method the most according to claim 5, is wherein regulating described main bus terminal Voltage is in the step of acceptable minimum voltage (V3), and the voltage keeping described main bus terminal is Initial value, and when the voltage of described fuel cell pack reaches described the second predetermined reference voltage (V2), time, the voltage of described main bus terminal is reduced to acceptable minimum voltage (V3).
Control method the most according to claim 5, is wherein regulating described main bus terminal Voltage in the step of acceptable minimum voltage (V3), keep the voltage of described main bus terminal Voltage more than described fuel cell pack.
Control method the most according to claim 5, wherein regulates described main bus terminal Voltage comprises the following steps to the step of acceptable minimum voltage (V3):
By described controller by closing main relay before being connected to described fuel cell load device Device, disconnects described fuel cell pack from main bus terminal.
Control method the most according to claim 5, wherein said acceptable minimum voltage (V3) less than described first reference voltage, and more than being used for being operationally connected to described high-tension battery Electric power converter or be connected to the minimum voltage of high potential assembly of main bus terminal.
Control method the most according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
By described controller, passing through to described fuel cell pack supply air, by described fuel electricity After the voltage of Chi Dui increases to more than described first reference voltage, stop described fuel cell pack Air supply.
11. control methods according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
By described controller, by closing main relay, by described fuel cell pack from being arranged on State the main bus terminal between fuel cell pack and described inverter to disconnect.
12. control methods according to claim 5, wherein said acceptable minimum voltage (V3) less than the first reference voltage, and more than the electricity for being operationally connected to described high-tension battery Force transducer or be connected to the minimum voltage of high potential assembly of main bus terminal.
13. control methods according to claim 6, wherein said acceptable minimum voltage (V3) less than the first reference voltage, and more than the electricity for being operationally connected to described high-tension battery Force transducer or be connected to the minimum voltage of high potential assembly of main bus terminal.
14. control methods according to claim 7, wherein said acceptable minimum voltage (V3) less than the first reference voltage, and more than the electricity for being operationally connected to described high-tension battery Force transducer or be connected to the minimum voltage of high potential assembly of main bus terminal.
The control method of 15. 1 kinds of fuel cell systems, comprises the following steps:
By controller, fuel cell load device is connected to described fuel cell pack；And
The operation of the described fuel cell load device connected by the diagnosis of described controller；
The step of the operation wherein diagnosing described fuel cell load device includes:
Based on selected from least one of following item, diagnose the operation of described fuel cell load device: Electric current from described fuel cell pack exports, the electricity of flowing in described fuel cell load device Stream and the reduction speed of the voltage at described fuel cell pack.
16. control methods according to claim 15, wherein diagnose described fuel cell load The step of the operation of device comprises the following steps:
When setting current value and between the current value of flowing in described fuel cell load device Difference, or the difference between described setting current value and the output current value of described fuel cell pack is other During more than predetermined tolerance, described controller diagnose the damage of described fuel cell load device, its Described in set current value be voltage based on described fuel cell pack and described fuel cell load dress Both the resistance values put calculate.
17. control methods according to claim 16, wherein based on being configured to sensing in institute State the resolution of the sensor of the current value of flowing in fuel cell load device, and be configured to sense Survey the resolution of the sensor of the output current value of described fuel cell pack, make a reservation for described public affairs respectively Difference.
18. control methods according to claim 15, wherein based on described fuel cell pack The reduction speed of voltage, the step of the operation diagnosing described fuel cell load device includes following step Rapid:
By described controller, it is connected to described fuel cell based at described fuel cell load device Time needed for the voltage of described fuel cell pack reaches specific voltage after heap, and at described fuel Under the normal operating of cell load device, the voltage of described fuel cell pack reaches described specific voltage institute The reference time both needed, diagnose the operation of described fuel cell load device.
19. control methods according to claim 18, the wherein said reference time is based on vehicle Within speed, air influx, the water content of described fuel cell pack, described fuel cell pack Os-motic state and the described combustion when described fuel cell load device is connected to described fuel cell pack The voltage of material battery pile changes.
20. control methods according to claim 15, wherein based on described fuel cell pack The reduction speed of voltage, the step of the operation diagnosing described fuel cell load device includes following step Rapid:
By described controller, it is connected to described fuel cell based at described fuel cell load device The voltage of described fuel cell pack when have passed through the special time cycle after heap and at described fuel Under the normal operating of cell load device, the most described fuel cell pack reaches Both reference voltages, diagnose the operation of described fuel cell load device.
21. control methods according to claim 20, wherein said reference voltage is based on vehicle Within speed, air influx, the water content of described fuel cell pack, described fuel cell pack Os-motic state and the described combustion when described fuel cell load device is connected to described fuel cell pack The voltage of material battery pile changes.
22. control methods according to claim 15, wherein when the electricity of described fuel cell pack When pressure is more than predetermined voltage, based on selected from least one of following item, perform described fuel cell The diagnosis of the operation of load device: the electric current from described fuel cell pack exports and in described combustion The electric current of flowing in material cell load device.
23. control methods according to claim 15, wherein when the electricity of described fuel cell pack When pressure is less than predetermined voltage, the reduction speed of voltage based on described fuel cell pack, perform institute State the diagnosis of the operation of fuel cell load device.
24. control methods according to claim 15, wherein:
Along with the voltage of described fuel cell pack consumes, when described combustion by charging high-tension battery When the voltage of material battery pile is less than the first predetermined reference voltage, perform described fuel cell load dress Put the connection of described fuel cell pack；And
When the voltage drop of described fuel cell pack is low to less than predetermined second reference voltage, to institute The diagnosis of the operation stating fuel cell load device terminates,
Wherein said predetermined voltage is more than the second predetermined reference voltage, and is less than predetermined first Reference voltage.
25. control methods according to claim 22, further comprising the steps of:
When described fuel cell pack voltage more than described predetermined voltage time, if set current value and The difference between the current value of flowing or described setting current value in described fuel cell load device With the difference between the output current value of described fuel cell pack is respectively greater than predetermined tolerance, then by described Controller is diagnosed to be described fuel cell load device and damages, and wherein said setting current value is basis The voltage of described fuel cell pack and the resistance value of described fuel cell load device calculate.
26. control methods according to claim 23, wherein when the electricity of described fuel cell pack When pressure is less than predetermined voltage, voltage based on described fuel cell pack reached from the diagnosis time started Time needed for specific voltage and described combustion under the normal operating of described fuel cell load device The voltage of material battery pile reaches the reference time both needed for specific voltage, described fuel cell load The operation of device is diagnosed.
27. control methods according to claim 26, the wherein said reference time is based on vehicle Within speed, air influx, the water content of described fuel cell pack, described fuel cell pack Os-motic state and the described combustion when described fuel cell load device is connected to described fuel cell pack The voltage of material battery pile changes, and wherein said predetermined voltage is more than described specific voltage.
28. control methods according to claim 23, further comprising the steps of:
When the voltage of described fuel cell pack is less than predetermined voltage, by described controller based on from examining The disconnected time started acts the voltage of described fuel cell pack when have passed through the special time cycle, and in institute State reference mesh when have passed through the described special time cycle under the normal operating of fuel cell load device Mark both voltage, diagnoses the operation of described fuel cell load device.
29. control methods according to claim 28, wherein said reference voltage is based on vehicle Within speed, air influx, the water content of described fuel cell pack, described fuel cell pack Os-motic state or the described combustion when described fuel cell load device is connected to described fuel cell pack The voltage of material battery pile changes, and wherein said predetermined voltage is more than described reference voltage.
30. control methods according to claim 15, further comprising the steps of:
When the diagnosis of the operation to described fuel cell load device terminates, deposit described controller Store up result based on diagnosis termination to memorizer.
31. control methods according to claim 23, wherein
Along with the voltage of described fuel cell pack consumes, when described combustion by charging high-tension battery When the voltage of material battery pile is less than the first predetermined reference voltage, perform described fuel cell load dress Put the connection of described fuel cell pack；And
When the voltage drop of described fuel cell pack is low to less than predetermined second reference voltage, to institute The diagnosis of the operation stating fuel cell load device terminates.
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