CN106159249A - A kind of preparation method of the nano lithium titanate of applicable industrialized production - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of the nano lithium titanate of applicable industrialized production Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
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- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
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Abstract
The present invention provides the preparation method of the lithium ion battery negative material nano lithium titanate of a kind of applicable industrialized production.Preparation method comprises the steps: to select nanoscale Ti1-xMxO2(M is Al, Mg, Ag, Zr, Na, K, Zn or Ca;0≤x≤0.2) it is titanium source, it is proportionally added into lithium source, organic carbon source, adopts water as dispersant, mix through wet ball grinding, use spray drying technology to obtain presoma, after high-temperature process, obtain the nano spinelle lithium titanate material of doping type.The method of the present invention, cheaper starting materials, technique quick-reading flow sheets are short, environmentally friendly, low for equipment requirements, are suitable for the industrialized production of nano barium titanate lithium material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation of a kind of lithium ion battery negative material, particularly relate to a kind of lithium ion battery
The industrialized process for preparing of negative material nano lithium titanate.
Background technology
Along with the lithium ion battery extensive application on hybrid power and pure electric vehicle, make people to lithium-ion electric
Pole material safety, the most forthright, service life have higher requirement.Lithium ion battery negative material titanium
Acid lithium (Li4Ti5O12) there is the characteristic of " zero strain ", Li in battery charge and discharge process+Embedding and deviate from right
Li4Ti5O12The crystal structure impact of material is the least, has good cycle performance.Meanwhile, with extensively make at present
Carbon negative electrode material of lithium ion cell compare, Li4Ti5O12Also there is higher (the 1.55V Li of intercalation potential+/Li)
Feature so that Li4Ti5O12Material will not separate out Li dendrite in charge and discharge process, and (Li dendrite can pierce through
Barrier film causes internal short-circuit of battery, even produces blast), possess good security performance.Due to Li4Ti5O12
Being semi-conducting material, its electric conductivity is poor, and under high current charge-discharge, capacity attenuation is very fast, high rate performance is deposited
In deficiency.Therefore will be by Li4Ti5O12It is applied to high safety, high power, long-life power-type lithium ion electricity
Chi Zhong, its high rate performance and big current cycle performance are the most to be further improved.
At present, Li is improved4Ti5O12The approach of electrical conductivity mainly include element doping, coated with carbon or other
The methods such as high conductance material and nanorize.Element doping (CN200910107161.X) can improve material
The performance of material, but owing to it uses Solid phase synthesis element doping shaped material, add in mixing raw materials operation
Can there is doped chemical problem the most pockety in adulterant, affect the performance of material.And will mix
It is a good method that titanium source after miscellaneous element is not lost as raw material.China National Offshore Oil Corporation
(CN201010539652.4) selecting the nano titanium oxide of element, the metatitanic acids such as doping Zr, Sn is raw material,
Hydrothermal synthesis method is used to synthesize lithium titanate precursor at 150~200 DEG C, the most spray-dried, in 700~900 DEG C
Lower sintering prepares spinel lithium titanate material.But hydro-thermal method complex process, process condition are wayward, uncomfortable
Close industrialized production.Peking University (CN201010034204.9) uses sol-gal process to prepare lithium titanate material
The conductive materials such as material carbon coated, prepared lithium titanate-carbon composite nano-material is nanometer filamentary material, and carbon exists
Lithium titanate material plays the effect increasing electronic conductivity.By Li4Ti5O12Nano-particle made by material, can
To be greatly shortened Li+The evolving path in the material, accelerates the speed of ionic conduction, is the big electricity improving material
The effective way of fluidity energy.
The main method preparing nanorize lithium titanate at present both at home and abroad has: sol-gel process, hydrothermal solvent
Synthetic method, self-propagating combustion.Sol-gel process chemical reaction is uniform, can reach atom level distribution, chemistry
Metering ratio is controlled, and heat treatment temperature is low, can be made into nano-powder;Shortcoming: cost of material is higher, productivity is low,
Water consumption is big, produce contaminated wastewater environment, and technological process is long, high to equipment requirements;Hydrothermal solvent closes
One-tenth method uses the low-temperature hydrothermal reactor of 100~200 DEG C to realize ion exchange, reacts 24~48h;Prepare bar
Part is wayward, is not suitable for industrialized production.Self-propagating combustion (CN201310259321.9), is a kind of
Utilize in powder or powdered compact the high temperature that the chemical heat release between foreign peoples's material produces, by spontaneous combustion
The required composition of synthesis and the compound-material technology of structure.Self-propagating combustion equally exists process condition and is difficult to
The problem controlled, is not suitable for industrialized production.
The method of three of the above nano materials is respectively arranged with pluses and minuses, but is not all suitable for nano barium titanate lithium material
Industrialized production.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems referred to above, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of less expensive, technique simple,
Process control, lithium ion battery negative material nanometer Li of environmentally friendly, applicable industrialized production4Ti5O12
Preparation method.
The main thought of the present invention is, with the anatase titanium dioxide after overdoping certain proportion element or unformed titanium dioxide
For titanium source, after being proportionally added into lithium source, carbon source, water, mix through wet ball grinding, use spray drying technology
Obtain presoma, after high-temperature process, obtain the nano spinel Li of doping type4Ti5O12Material.
The present invention is compared with prior art: using the nanometer titanium dioxide after element doping is titanium source, can make
Doped chemical is more uniformly distributed in crystalline product structure, stablizes lithium titanate crystal structure in charge and discharge process;
The carbon source added plays increase lithium titanate nucleus, the effect of inhibiting grain growth in course of reaction;With water it is
Dispersant, environmentally friendly, there is no potential safety hazard;Use spray drying technology that slurry is dried, work
Skill is ripe, productivity is high;Nanometer Li that comprehensive above each advantage is produced4Ti5O12Material, owing to granule is little,
Li+Diffusion is short with electrical conductance path, doped chemical homogeneous texture is stable, so material high rate performance, circulation
Excellent performance.
The present invention, cheaper starting materials, technological process is simple, equipment is ripe, environmentally friendly, be suitable for nanometer Li4Ti5O12
The industrialized production of material.
The method being suitable to preparation of industrialization lithium ion battery negative nano barium titanate lithium material that the present invention provides, including
Following steps:
(1) nanoscale Ti is selected1-xMxO2(M is in Al, Mg, Ag, Zr, Na, K, Zn or Ca
One or more;0≤x≤0.2) it is titanium source, in titanium source, add lithium source, organic carbon source in proportion, use
Water be dispersant to regulate solid content, through wet ball grinding mix after, obtain the mixed slurry of lithium titanate raw material;
(2) step (1) gained slurry employing spray drying device is dried, then gained powder body is placed in
(being passed through gas) in atmosphere furnace, be warming up to 700 DEG C~900 DEG C, be incubated 2~16h, cooling obtains lithium titanate half
Finished product;
(3) step (2) gained lithium titanate semi-finished product are placed in atmosphere furnace (being passed through gas), are warming up to 300 DEG C
~700 DEG C, it is incubated 4~16h, after cooling, obtains nano barium titanate lithium material.
Wherein, as the nanoscale Ti in titanium source in described step (1)1-xMxO2(M is Al, Mg, Ag,
One or both in Zr, Na, K, Zn or Ca;0≤x≤0.2), its crystal structure be anatase titanium dioxide or
Unformed, mean diameter is 10nm~100nm.
In described step (1), the ratio in raw material lithium source and titanium source is Li:(Ti1-xMx)=4:5 (mol%),
In organic carbon source, carbon content accounts for the 0.1~5wt% of the lithium titanate quality of final synthesis.
In described step (1), lithium source is the mixing of one or more in lithium carbonate, Lithium hydrate, lithium acetate.
In described step (1), organic carbon source is glucose, sucrose, starch, carboxymethyl cellulose or poly-second
The mixing of one or more in glycol.
In described step (1), dispersant used is the one of pure water, distilled water, ultra-pure water.
Described step (1) adds the solid content of water regulation slurry to 40~80wt%.
In described step (2), the process conditions of spray drying device are: slurry inlet flow velocity is 20~35ml/min,
Gas access flow velocity is 20~50m3/ h, the inlet temperature of steam mouth is 100 DEG C~200 DEG C, and outlet temperature is 80 DEG C
~130 DEG C.
In described step (2), heat treatment temperature is 700 DEG C~850 DEG C, is incubated 2~16h.
It is cooled to after furnace temperature is down to 200 DEG C just can carry out by the mixture after sintering described in described step (2)
Screening process is so as to get granularity D100 of lithium titanate semi-finished product is 10~100um.
In described step (3), heat treatment temperature is 300 DEG C~600 DEG C, is incubated 4~16h.
Can be passed through gas during heat treatment in described step (2), (3), the gas being passed through is respectively selected from: air,
N2、Ar2, or O2。
Synthesized nano lithium titanate, mean diameter is 50~500nm.
Above-mentioned raw materials of the present invention is commercially available material on market.
The lithium ion battery negative material nano lithium titanate prepared according to the method described above, owing to using doping type
Nanometer titanium dioxide be titanium source, can make doped chemical synthesis lithium titanate material crystal structure in be distributed more equal
Even, beneficially the stablizing of lithium titanate crystal structure;Simultaneously because the method for the present invention uses to enter lithium titanate material
Row double sintering, the perfect crystal defect of material, effectively reduces the residual stress of material, makes the titanium of synthesis
Acid lithium material cycle performance is excellent;And after adding organic carbon source, at high temperature prevent lithium titanate crystal grain
Growing up of adhesion, effectively suppression lithium titanate crystal grain, reduces the reaction temperature of lithium titanate, it is easy to nano barium titanate
The synthesis of lithium, effectively shortens Li+The evolving path, the lithium titanate material high rate performance making synthesis is excellent.
It addition, this invention selects water to be dispersant, it is not necessary to recovery, environment-friendly high-efficiency, the letter of spray drying technology technique
List, flow process are short, are suitable for the industrialized production of nano barium titanate lithium material.The method cheaper starting materials of the present invention, work
Process flow is simple, low for equipment requirements, environmentally friendly, is suitable for nanometer Li4Ti5O12The industrial metaplasia of material
Produce.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of lithium ion battery negative material nano lithium titanate of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is titanium source nanoscale Ti selected by the present invention1-xMxO2The XRD of crystal, anatase titanium dioxide and undefined structure
Figure.
Fig. 3 is that the SEM figure of the lithium ionic cell cathode material lithium titanate prepared by reference example and embodiment 1 is right
Ratio.
Fig. 4 is the XRD figure of the lithium ion battery negative nano barium titanate lithium material prepared by embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is the lithium ion battery negative material nano lithium titanate 0.1C charging and discharging curve prepared by embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 is reference example and the lithium ion battery negative material nano lithium titanate button electricity prepared by embodiment 1
(Li+/ Li) charging and discharging curve of 1C, 10C.
Fig. 7 is lithium ion battery negative nano barium titanate lithium material the following under 5C is 55 degree prepared by embodiment 1
Ring performance curve.
Detailed description of the invention
System below in conjunction with the lithium ion battery negative material nano lithium titanate that the present invention is provided by specific embodiment
Preparation Method is further described, but the present invention is not limited in following example.
Reference example:
The anatase titanium dioxide TiO using mean particle size to be 50nm2、Li2CO3By synthesis of product molecules formula
Li4Ti5O12Stoichiometric proportion weigh raw material, addition pure water is dispersant, and regulation solid content is 50wt%,
Presoma mixed slurry is obtained after ball milling mix homogeneously;Use spray drying device, with the entrance temperature of steam mouth
Degree is spray-dried slurry under the conditions of being 150 DEG C, and wherein slurry inlet flow velocity is 25ml/min, gas access flow velocity
For 40m3/ h, obtains the lithium titanate precursor powder that white dried is loose;Gained powder is placed in atmosphere furnace
It is passed through air and is incubated 8 hours at 800 DEG C, naturally cool to room temperature, i.e. can get lithium titanate material.
Embodiment 1:
Technological process as shown in Figure 1.Take the unformed Ti of 50kg mean particle size 50nm0.99Zr0.01O2
For titanium source, Li2CO3For lithium source, by proportioning Li:(Ti0.99Zr0.01) (mol%)=4:5;Glucose is carbon source,
Account for the final 2wt% synthesizing lithium titanate by carbon content, weigh each raw material;Addition pure water is dispersant, regulation
Solid content is 50wt%, obtains presoma mixed slurry after ball milling mix homogeneously;Use spray drying device,
With steam mouth inlet temperature 120 DEG C, outlet temperature 100 DEG C, slurry inlet flow velocity is 20ml/min, and gas enters
Mouth flow velocity is 30m3/ h, is spray-dried slurry, obtains being dried loose lithium titanate precursor powder;By gained
Powder is placed in atmosphere furnace and is passed through N2At 750 DEG C, it is incubated 8 hours, sieves after naturally cooling to room temperature, sieve
Divide the D100 of later half product grading less than 50um;Lithium titanate semi-finished product are again placed in atmosphere furnace being passed through sky
Gas is incubated 8 hours at 600 DEG C, i.e. obtains nano barium titanate lithium material.Table 1 below is reference example and embodiment 1
The comparison sheet of material crystalline stress
Table 1
Numbering | Cell parameter (angstrom) | Crystalline stress |
Reference example | 8.3600363 | 0.00922 |
Embodiment 1 | 8.3601221 | 0.00003 |
Embodiment 2:
Technological process as shown in Figure 1.Use the 200kg anatase titanium dioxide Ti of mean particle size 100nm0.98Al0.02O2
For titanium source, Li2CO3For lithium source, by proportioning Li:(Ti0.98Al0.02) (mol%)=4:5;Carboxymethyl cellulose is
Carbon source, is accounted for the 0.5wt% of synthesis lithium titanate, weighs each raw material by carbon content;Addition distilled water is dispersant,
Regulation solid content is 40wt%, obtains presoma mixed slurry after ball milling mix homogeneously;Employing spray drying sets
Standby, with steam mouth inlet temperature 180 DEG C, outlet temperature 100 DEG C, slurry inlet flow velocity is 30ml/min, gas
Body inlet flow rate is 40m3/ h, is spray-dried slurry, obtains being dried loose lithium titanate precursor powder;Will
Gained powder is placed in atmosphere furnace and is passed through N2At 780 DEG C, it is incubated 12 hours, sieves after naturally cooling to room temperature,
Semi-finished product granularity after screening is that D100 is less than 70um;Lithium titanate semi-finished product are again placed in atmosphere furnace logical
Enter air and be incubated 8 hours at 500 DEG C, i.e. obtain nano barium titanate lithium material.
Embodiment 3:
Technological process as shown in Figure 1.Use the anatase titanium dioxide of the 500kg of mean particle size 60nm
Ti0.995Na0.005O2For titanium source, Li2CO3For lithium source, by proportioning Li:(Ti0.995Na0.005) (mol%)=4:5;
Polyethylene Glycol is carbon source, accounts for the 1wt% of synthesis lithium titanate by carbon content, weighs each raw material;Adding ultra-pure water is
Dispersant, regulation solid content is 55wt%, obtains presoma mixed slurry after ball milling mix homogeneously;Use spray
Mist drying equipment, with steam mouth inlet temperature 200 DEG C, outlet temperature 120 DEG C, slurry inlet flow velocity is
25ml/min, gas access flow velocity is 50m3/ h, is spray-dried slurry, before obtaining being dried loose lithium titanate
Drive body powder;Gained powder is placed in atmosphere furnace and is passed through N2It is incubated 16 hours, natural cooling at 770 DEG C
Sieving after room temperature, the semi-finished product granularity after screening is that D100 is less than 70um;By lithium titanate semi-finished product again
It is placed in atmosphere furnace and is passed through N2At 580 DEG C, it is incubated 8 hours, i.e. obtains nano barium titanate lithium material.
Embodiment 4:
Technological process as shown in Figure 1.Use the unformed Ti of 100kg of mean particle size 20nm0.97Mg0.03O2
For titanium source, Li2CO3For lithium source, by proportioning Li:(Ti0.97Mg0.03) (mol%)=4:5;Sucrose is carbon source, presses
Carbon content accounts for the 3wt% of synthesis lithium titanate, weighs each raw material;Addition ultra-pure water is dispersant, regulates solid content
For 40wt%, after ball milling mix homogeneously, obtain presoma mixed slurry;Use spray drying device, with steam
Mouth inlet temperature 150 DEG C, outlet temperature 80 DEG C, slurry inlet flow velocity is 35ml/min, gas access flow velocity
For 45m3/ h, is spray-dried slurry, obtains being dried loose lithium titanate precursor powder;Gained powder is put
N it is passed through in atmosphere furnace2At 760 DEG C, it is incubated 12 hours, sieves, after screening after naturally cooling to room temperature
Semi-finished product granularity is that D100 is less than 50um;Be again placed in lithium titanate semi-finished product in atmosphere furnace being passed through air in
It is incubated 8 hours at 400 DEG C, i.e. obtains nano barium titanate lithium material.
Claims (11)
1. the preparation method of the nano lithium titanate of an applicable industrialized production, it is characterised in that: the method comprise with
Under several steps:
(1) nanoscale Ti is selected1-xMxO2For titanium source, wherein, M is Al, Mg, Ag, Zr, Na, K,
One or more in Zn or Ca, 0≤x≤0.2;Lithium source, organic carbon is added in proportion in titanium source
Source, and add water as dispersant, after wet ball grinding mixes, obtain the mixed slurry of lithium titanate raw material;
(2) step (1) gained slurry employing spray drying method is dried, dry gained powder body is placed in
In atmosphere furnace, being warming up to 700 DEG C~900 DEG C, be incubated 2~16h, cooling obtains lithium titanate semi-finished product;
(3) step (2) gained lithium titanate semi-finished product are placed in atmosphere furnace, are warming up to 300 DEG C~700 DEG C,
Insulation 4~16h, obtains nano barium titanate lithium material after cooling.
Preparation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: receiving as titanium source in step (1)
Meter level Ti1-xMxO2Crystal structure be anatase titanium dioxide or unformed, mean diameter is 10nm~100nm.
Preparation method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: raw material lithium source in step (1)
With the ratio in titanium source it is: Li:(Ti1-xMx)=4:5 (mol%), the matter of carbon in described organic carbon source
The 0.1~5wt% of the lithium titanate that amount is synthesis.
4. according to the preparation method described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that: lithium source described in step (1)
For the mixing of one or more in lithium carbonate, Lithium hydrate, lithium acetate.
5. according to the preparation method described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that: organic described in step (1)
Carbon source is one or more in glucose, sucrose, starch, carboxymethyl cellulose or Polyethylene Glycol
Mixing.
Preparation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: as dispersant in step (1)
Water is the one of pure water, distilled water or ultra-pure water.
7. according to the preparation method described in claim 1 or 6, it is characterised in that: step (1) adds water and makees
For dispersant so that the solid content of mixture is 40~80wt%.
Preparation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: spray drying method in step (2)
Process conditions are: slurry inlet flow velocity is 20~35ml/min, and gas access flow velocity is 20~50m3/ h, heat
The inlet temperature of valve is 100 DEG C~200 DEG C, and outlet temperature is 80 DEG C~130 DEG C.
Preparation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: after sintering described in step (2)
Mixture be cooled to furnace temperature be down to after 200 DEG C can carry out screening process so as to get lithium titanate semi-finished product
Granularity D100 be 10~100um.
Preparation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: nanometer synthesized in step (3)
Lithium titanate, mean diameter is 50~500nm.
11. according to the arbitrary described preparation method of claim 1,8,9 or 10, it is characterised in that: step (2),
(3) can be passed through gas in during the heat treatment in atmosphere furnace, the gas being passed through is respectively selected from: air, N2、
Ar2, or O2。
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Cited By (5)
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CN106602053A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2017-04-26 | 四川国创成电池材料有限公司 | Preparation method of aluminum oxide-doped lithium titanate composite negative material |
CN107658437A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-02-02 | 河南工程学院 | A kind of preparation method of coating modification high-voltage lithium nickel manganate material |
CN107946571A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-20 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | A kind of richness oxidate for lithium positive electrode and preparation method thereof and a kind of lithium ion battery |
CN108336341A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-07-27 | 江苏金阳光新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high performance lithium ionic cell cathode material |
RU2810612C1 (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2023-12-28 | Пролоджиум Текнолоджи Ко., Лтд. | Lithium batteries |
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106602053A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2017-04-26 | 四川国创成电池材料有限公司 | Preparation method of aluminum oxide-doped lithium titanate composite negative material |
CN106602053B (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2019-07-23 | 四川国创成电池材料有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the lithium titanate composite anode material of salic doping |
CN107658437A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-02-02 | 河南工程学院 | A kind of preparation method of coating modification high-voltage lithium nickel manganate material |
CN107946571A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-20 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | A kind of richness oxidate for lithium positive electrode and preparation method thereof and a kind of lithium ion battery |
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CN108336341A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-07-27 | 江苏金阳光新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high performance lithium ionic cell cathode material |
RU2810612C1 (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2023-12-28 | Пролоджиум Текнолоджи Ко., Лтд. | Lithium batteries |
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