CN106155123B - Online control method for residual sugar concentration in fermentation process - Google Patents
Online control method for residual sugar concentration in fermentation process Download PDFInfo
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- CN106155123B CN106155123B CN201510016236.9A CN201510016236A CN106155123B CN 106155123 B CN106155123 B CN 106155123B CN 201510016236 A CN201510016236 A CN 201510016236A CN 106155123 B CN106155123 B CN 106155123B
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Abstract
The invention expands the expert knowledge method, adopts a fuzzy control method to simulate the expert knowledge method, and provides a sugar concentration real-time control method. The method takes the concentration and the change rate of residual sugar in a tank as the input of fuzzy control and the sugar supplementing rate as the output, and performs fuzzy control simulation on the basis of expert experience by determining the input and output linguistic variables of a model controller, determining the domain range and the control method, the quantization factor and the scale factor, the membership function of the input and the output of the model controller, the fuzzy control rule of the model controller, the clarification algorithm and other steps. When the method is applied on line, the computer controls the constant flow pump to extract fermentation liquor, the fermentation liquor is diluted, the YSI2700 online analyzer is controlled to analyze, and then the lag detection value is substituted into the designed fuzzy controller, so that the sugar supplement rate in the control period can be obtained. The method is the optimization and the universality development of an expert knowledge method, and can greatly improve the product quality and the yield in the fermentation process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of application engineering, and particularly relates to an on-line control method for residual sugar concentration in a fermentation process by using a hysteresis detection value.
Background
During fermentation, sugar is usually used as a nutrient for the growth of the bacteria, and the concentration of the sugar directly determines the quality and yield of the product. The sugar concentration is too low, the thalli are in a state of insufficient nutrition and grow slowly; however, if the sugar concentration is too high, the growth of the cells is also inhibited by the excess nutrition. The method is limited by the development of detection technology, most of the existing sugar concentration detection adopts the traditional method of off-line sampling analysis, the detection period is long, and the lag time is long. The residual sugar concentration control based on the detection technology is relatively extensive, and the refined control of the fermentation process cannot be further realized. In addition, the traditional detection method relates to manual participation and is a bottleneck problem for realizing comprehensive automation of the fermentation process. The current control method for the concentration of residual sugar usually adopts pH-star and DO-star, and controls the concentration of residual sugar by using the current online pH and DO detection values according to the relationship between sugar consumption and pH and DO in the growth process of thalli of fermentation liquor. YSI2700 can detect the concentration of residual sugar on line, and provides possibility for real-time on-line control of the concentration of residual sugar. However, YSI2700 has a limited detection range and is susceptible to external factors such as temperature, agitation, foam, etc., and therefore, it is necessary to extract the fermentation broth for detection. However, the extraction process takes a long time, and therefore, there is a large lag in the detection value. Based on the detection lag value, the invention designs a fuzzy control-based strategy according to expert experience knowledge, can be universally used in various fermentation processes, and solves the defect that the control of the concentration of residual sugar depends on the expert experience.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the detection of the residual sugar concentration in the existing fermentation process has large delay, a control strategy based on expert experience depends on the expert experience, the application range is narrow, the popularization and the application are difficult and the like, and provides a fuzzy control strategy which is used for inducing and summarizing the expert experience and deducing the expert experience into a general formula expression mode so as to provide a new path for controlling the residual sugar concentration in the fermentation process.
In view of the fact that the YSI2700 online sugar analyzer has large lag in detection of sugar concentration, fermentation experts judge sugar consumption rates of thalli in different growth stages according to experience, and accordingly a residual sugar concentration control strategy is provided, and the strategy is a control strategy based on expert experience. Aiming at the detection system, the invention provides a fuzzy control strategy of the residual sugar concentration in the fermentation process by inducing and deducing the expert control experience through a fuzzy control algorithm based on the hysteresis detection value of a YSI2700 instrument, so that the expert control experience is generally popularized in the control of the residual sugar concentration in the fermentation process.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises the steps of:
in order to realize the on-line detection of YSI2700 on residual sugar, a computer is used as a core controller to assist the constant flow pumps TBP1010 and TBP1002 to complete the detection. The computer is respectively connected with the YSI2700 and the constant flow pump through serial ports, and communication is respectively completed by self protocols of the YSI2700 and the constant flow pump. By adopting the detection system, firstly, the computer controls the constant flow pump to extract fermentation liquor, and simultaneously controls the constant flow pump to add water for dilution, and then controls the YSI2700 online sugar analyzer to detect sugar concentration. The system is developed by adopting VC, and has the functions of real-time data display, manual and automatic control of YSI2700 and a constant flow pump, fuzzy control of historical data curve display of the concentration of glucose and the like.
And calculating the lag time of detection according to the extraction rate of the fermentation liquor, the length of the pipeline and the analysis time of YSI 2700.
Taking the concentration and the change rate of the residual sugar in the tank as the input of fuzzy control, taking the sugar supplementing rate as the output, determining the input and the output linguistic variables of a model controller, determining the domain range and the control method, the quantization factor and the scale factor, the membership function of the input and the output of the model controller, the fuzzy control rule of the model controller, the clarification algorithm and other steps to carry out fuzzy control simulation based on expert experience, and adjusting the fuzzy control parameters on line to ensure that the residual sugar control effect can reach the optimum;
the designed fuzzy control strategy is used in the fermentation process: firstly, sugar concentration is analyzed through a detection system based on a YSI2700 online analyzer, and then a lag detection value of the residual sugar concentration is substituted into a designed fuzzy controller, so that the sugar supplementing rate in the control period can be obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of sugar supplementation control
FIG. 2(1) is a flow chart of residual sugar concentration control based on expert's empirical knowledge (output detection value is smaller than upper limit value for the first time)
FIG. 2(2) is a flow chart of residual sugar concentration control based on expert's experience knowledge method (initial value of supplementing sugar rate)
FIG. 2(3) is a flow chart of residual sugar concentration control based on expert's experience and knowledge method (normal sugar supplement)
FIG. 3(1) is a flow chart of residual sugar concentration control based on fuzzy control algorithm (output detection value is smaller than upper limit value for the first time)
FIG. 3(2) is a flow chart of residual sugar concentration control based on fuzzy control algorithm (initial value of adding sugar rate)
FIG. 3(3) residual sugar concentration control flow chart based on fuzzy control algorithm (normal sugar supplement)
Detailed Description
The structure of the present invention will be further explained with reference to fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, thick solid lines indicate pipes, thin solid lines indicate communication lines, and arrows indicate the transmission direction of signals or liquids. The invention relates to a device comprising: a constant flow pump 1(TBP1010), a constant flow pump 2(TBP1002), an online sugar concentration analyzer (YSI2700), a fermentation tank, a peristaltic pump, a mixer (dilution), and a PC. The constant flow pump 1 extracts reaction liquid from the fermentation tank through a pipeline, the constant flow pump 2 is connected with purified water, two liquid flows are fully mixed and diluted in the mixer according to a certain proportion, the mixed liquid is sent to an on-line sugar concentration analyzer for on-line detection, meanwhile, the liquid overflows from the mixer, the detected value is sent to a PC through a communication line, and the opening degree of the peristaltic pump is adjusted through algorithm control to supplement sugar in the fermentation tank.
The control flow of the residual sugar concentration by the expert experience knowledge method is further explained by combining with the attached figure 2.
Setting the flow rate of the constant-flow pump and the sampling period of the online sugar analyzer, and operating according to the following period: first, the system starts to operate, and an initial value g is set to 0 and i is set to 1(g is used to determine whether or not the detection value cn (i) is greater than the upper limit value a, and i indicates the detection time). The function of flowchart (1) is to output time g at which the detected value is first smaller than a. In the flow chart (2), when i < ═ g, Cn (i) > a is always true, and the sugar supplement rate is 0; once i > g occurs, the initial glucose supplementation rate F (i-1) ═ Δ F (Δ F is a fixed glucose supplementation rate), and the procedure is ended. The case of normal sugar supplementation at the time when i > g is shown in the flow chart (3). As is apparent from the flowchart (3), it is necessary to logically determine the upper limit a, the expected value Cs, the lower limit b, and the detected value Cn (i-1) at the previous time point, and in the case where F (i) is F (i-1) - Δ F, F (i) and 0 need to be determined, because the sugar-replenishing rate cannot be a negative value. In the case of the above different logical judgment, the relative sugar supplement rate is obtained, and thus the value e (i), (e) (f [ fn (i)) ], which indicates the relationship between the sugar concentration in the fermentation tank and the sugar supplement rate, in the case of different sugar supplement rates is known, and finally, whether or not the detection time i is larger than m (m indicates the number of times of detection required) is judged, and if so, the system performs the next cycle, otherwise, the operation of the system is terminated.
The fuzzy control flow chart of the residual sugar concentration is further explained by combining with the attached figure 3.
Setting the flow rate of the constant-flow pump and the sampling period of the online sugar analyzer, and operating according to the following period: first, the system is started, and the actions of the flow charts (1) and (2) are the same as those of the expert knowledge method, and the only difference is that the initial sugar supplement rate is different when i > g occurs in the flow chart (2). In the flow chart (3), when the detected value Cn (i) > upper limit a, the sugar supply rate is 0 (because the YSI2700 has a short detection time, the sugar concentration in the fermentation tank cannot be instantaneously consumed). Since the glucose-replenishing rate F (i) is related to the immediately preceding time F (i-1), it must be counted, and this is counted by n (assuming that the detected value Cn (i) < a at time i, Cn (i-1) > a, and F (i-1) ═ 0, F (i-1) cannot be calculated by F (i-1) when F (i) is calculated, and F (i-1-n) > 0 must be calculated by using the value at time F (i-1-n). In addition, when the detected value Cn (i) is smaller than the lower limit b, it is necessary to determine the detected value Cn (i-1) at the previous time and add Δ F to the sugar supplement rate at the previous time or the previous 1+ n (Δ F is equal to the fixed sugar supplement rate of the expert experience method, and may be changed depending on the field situation, of course). When the detected value a < Cn (i) < b, firstly fuzzification processing is carried out, then the fuzzy controller is entered, and delta u (delta u is a sugar supplementing rate value which needs to be changed) is output, the rule in the fuzzy controller is formulated on the basis of summarizing an expert experience knowledge method, finally, logical judgment is carried out on F (i) and 0, and the following operation steps are the same as the expert experience knowledge method.
Claims (1)
1. A fuzzy control method based on a lag residual sugar concentration detection value is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) constructing an on-line control system of the concentration of residual sugar in the fermentation process: the computer is used as a core controller, the auxiliary constant flow pumps TBP1010 and TBP1002 are used for completion, the computer is respectively connected with the YSI2700 online analyzer and the constant flow pump through serial ports, and the protocols of the YSI2700 online analyzer and the constant flow pump are respectively adopted for communication; the system comprises a YSI2700 online analyzer, manual automatic control of a constant flow pump, display and storage of field data, historical data curve display and fuzzy control strategy functions;
(2) detecting the residual sugar concentration by adopting the online control system in the step (1), firstly controlling a constant flow pump TBP1010 to extract fermentation liquor by a computer, simultaneously controlling a constant flow pump TBP1002 to add water for dilution, and then controlling an YSI2700 online analyzer to detect the residual sugar concentration;
(3) calculating the lag time of detection according to the extraction rate of the fermentation liquor, the length of the pipeline and the analysis time of the YSI2700 online analyzer;
(4) taking the concentration and the change rate of the residual sugar in the tank as the input of fuzzy control, taking the sugar supplementing rate as the output, determining the input and output linguistic variables of a fuzzy controller, determining the domain range and the control method, a quantization factor and a scale factor, the membership functions of the input and the output of the fuzzy controller, the fuzzy control rule of the fuzzy controller and the step of a clarification algorithm, carrying out fuzzy control simulation on expert experience, and adjusting fuzzy control parameters on line to ensure that the residual sugar control effect is optimal;
(5) the designed fuzzy control strategy is used in the fermentation process: firstly, analyzing the residual sugar concentration by a detection system based on a YSI2700 online analyzer, and then substituting a hysteresis detection value of the residual sugar concentration into a fuzzy controller to obtain a sugar supplementing rate in a control period;
wherein, the control rule of the fuzzy control strategy is as follows:
(a) the output detection value is smaller than the upper limit value for the first time: setting an initial value g to be 0, i to be 1, wherein g is the time for judging whether the real-time detection value Cn (i) is larger than the upper limit value a, i represents the detection time, and outputting the time g when the detection value is smaller than a for the first time;
(b) initial value of sugar supplementing rate: when i < g, Cn (i) > a is always established, the sugar supplement rate is 0; once i > g occurs, assigning an initial glucose rate F (i-1) ═ Cn (i-1) -Cn (i)/[ Δ t;
(c) the method comprises the steps of normally supplementing sugar, when a real-time detection value Cn (i) > upper limit a, the sugar supplementing rate is 0, counting n is started, when the real-time detection value Cn (i) < lower limit b, the real-time detection value Cn (i-1) at the previous moment is judged, △ F is added to the sugar supplementing rate at the previous moment or the previous 1+ n moment as the sugar supplementing rate, wherein △ F is a fixed sugar supplementing rate, when the real-time detection value b < Cn (i) < a, fuzzification processing is firstly carried out, then the fuzzy controller is started, △ u and △ u are sugar supplementing rate values needing to be changed, rules inside the fuzzy controller judge the size relation between F (i) and 0 based on expert experience knowledge, the sugar supplementing rate is obtained, so that the values E (i) < F [ Fn (i) < in the fermentation tanks under the condition of different sugar supplementing rates are obtained, the relation between the concentration of the sugar in the fermentation tank and the sugar rate is shown, finally, whether the detection time i is larger than m, the number of the detection is shown, and if the system is smaller than the next time, and if the system is finished, otherwise, the system is finished.
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| CN107589669B (en) * | 2017-09-09 | 2020-06-26 | 北京化工大学 | Fermentation process intelligent measurement and control method and system using measurement lag information |
| CN109976157B (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2020-11-03 | 江苏大学 | Intelligent liquid fermentation parameter control method for food |
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| US4830508A (en) * | 1987-05-01 | 1989-05-16 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Controlling method and a measuring mixer for liquids and powders |
| CN101650276A (en) * | 2009-08-31 | 2010-02-17 | 江南大学 | System of detecting concentration of sugar in fermentation process on line |
| CN103792845A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-05-14 | 浦城正大生化有限公司 | Method and system for carbohydrate supplementation speed optimal control in fermentation process of aureomycin |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4830508A (en) * | 1987-05-01 | 1989-05-16 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Controlling method and a measuring mixer for liquids and powders |
| CN101650276A (en) * | 2009-08-31 | 2010-02-17 | 江南大学 | System of detecting concentration of sugar in fermentation process on line |
| CN103792845A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-05-14 | 浦城正大生化有限公司 | Method and system for carbohydrate supplementation speed optimal control in fermentation process of aureomycin |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| "Object-oriented fuzzy expert system for on-line diagnosing and control of bioprocesses";Terhi Siimes 等;《Applied and Microbiology Biotechnology》;19921231;全文 * |
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