CN106154146A - The method and device of transformer load tap changer switching contact burning fault diagnosis - Google Patents
The method and device of transformer load tap changer switching contact burning fault diagnosis Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of transformer load tap changer switching contact burning fault diagnosis method and device, diagnostic method includes first determining the region that vibration signal energy is bigger: look for, from switching time, the central point that energy is big section；Avoid the region of likely impact analysis；Take signal to be analyzed；Above-mentioned signal is calculated its energy according to energy balane formula (1)；Confirm that load tap changer switching contact exists over-heated fault.The structure of the diagnostic equipment is that sub-connecting switch of transformer connects with sensor, and sensor connects with signal conditioner, and signal conditioner connects with Acquisition Instrument, and Acquisition Instrument connects with microcomputer.Advantage: the fault characteristic value found can accurately reflect shunting switch switching contact burning fault, feature is obvious, reproducible, and same type of shunting switch is had universality.Fault diagnosis technology Project Realization is simple, and sensor is easy for installation.Using industrial computer to carry out detection to process and diagnosis, dependable performance diagnosis is directly perceived.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method and device of a kind of transformer load tap changer switching contact burning fault diagnosis, belong to electrical control engineering field.
Background technology
Development along with power industry, the scale of power equipment capacity and electrical network constantly expands, in order to reduce tremendous economic loss and the social influence that electrical equipment fault causes, improve the quality of power supply, ensureing power equipment and security of system, reliable, economy, stable operation, maintenance strategy based on on-line monitoring Yu fault diagnosis technology will become the inexorable trend of future development.ULTC is very important power transmission and transforming equipment in power system, it can not only steady load center voltage, and be contact electrical network, adjust load trend, improve without indispensable visual plants such as the distribution of work, it is widely used in electrical network.
The substantial amounts of power transformer of China is mounted with load ratio bridging switch (On-Load Tap Changer, OLTC) at present, and its function is to complete transformer regulating under bringing onto load state.The running status of load ratio bridging switch directly influences the operation of power transformer, the regulation of power system and the height of the quality of power supply.According to statistics, load ratio bridging switch fault is one of main fault of power transformer, and fault rate is only second to winding failure.And increase and the increase of the average daily times of pressure regulation of separate unit shunting switch along with what ULTC was applied in electrical network, the fault of load ratio bridging switch has the trend of increase.Carry out the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of shunting switch, find that shunting switch is abnormal in time, significant to safe operation of power system, and have a good application prospect.
Contact burning is one of main fault of tapping switch for electric power transformer.Although shunting switch handoff procedure limiting switching electric current by measures such as transition resistances, but in handoff procedure, its curent change being the biggest, produces electric arc.When repeatedly switching under the effect of dash current, it is easy to cause switching contact scaling loss in various degree.After contact burning fault, as diagnosed not in time, because switching contact contact area reduces, contact resistance increases, and electric arc and heating that handoff procedure produces will increase, and make the further scaling loss of switching contact.As processed not in time, it would be possible to make tapping switch contact burn, whole switch and transformator is made to work.It addition, after contact burning, switching contact loose contact, cause switching contact contact resistance to increase, also make contact heating increase, accelerate switching contact and burn.
At present the fault of shunting switch also not being had preferable diagnostic method, the method in research mainly has method (such as three-ratio method) based on dissolved gas analysis, monitoring based on vibration and analyzes method, diagnostic method based on thermal noise etc..But due under shunting switch normal operating condition, because of deciliter action of contact, also can produce corresponding gas in oil, therefore, analysis method based on oil dissolved gas is extremely difficult to shunting switch switching contact Incipient Fault Diagnosis；Diagnosis based on thermal noise is to travel to outside transformator owing to sending out after sub-connecting switch of transformer fault thermal noise thermogenetic, shunting switch fault diagnosis is carried out by installing noise transducer detection on transformer case, on the one hand this be to have obvious fault based on shunting switch contact and produced serious heating (gentle heat will not produce obvious thermal noise), on the other hand thermal noise travels to outside transformator, the energy loss of signal is big, plus various interference, it is difficulty with in engineering that (the various noise of transformator running environment is a lot, particularly electromagnetic noise, background noise is the biggest, much larger than because of the most thermally-induced energy passing to signal outside oil tank of transformer of contact failure)；Owing to the factor causing vibration in shunting switch handoff procedure is a lot, vibration during the gunlock action of particularly shunting switch is the biggest, difficulty is brought to vibration analysis, therefore based on the shunting switch fault diagnosis vibrated it is crucial that find to reflect the characteristic signal of shunting switch fault in monitored signal, it addition, signal analysis method also affects the accuracy of the fault diagnosis of shunting switch after monitoring method and monitoring.
Summary of the invention
What the present invention proposed is a kind of transformer load tap changer switching contact burning fault diagnosis method and device.Purpose aims to the problems referred to above present in OLTC switching contact burning fault diagnosis, according to OLTC operation characteristic, and combine the vibration characteristics that it is the most different with during fault, the characteristic quantity that can reflect shunting switch switching contact burning fault it is found that: i.e. take the live part of vibration signal in handoff procedure through theory analysis and experiment, through suitably processing, calculating its energy size, after finding shunting switch switching contact burning fault, this energy substantially increases.According to this feature, taking to monitor accordingly and signal analysis method, according to whether containing this feature in measured signal, whether diagnosis shunting switch exists contact burning fault, it is achieved the monitoring of tapping switch contact over-heated fault and diagnosis.
The technical solution of the present invention: the method for transformer load tap changer switching contact burning fault diagnosis, is characterized in that the method comprises the technical steps that:
One, vibration signal is sampled (proper about sample frequency 50kHz, to illustrate as a example by 50kHz below).
Two, the region that vibrational energy is bigger is first determined: because of switching time longer (several seconds) of shunting switch, and the switching vibration processes time of real switching contact is the shortest, main energetic signal is within 100ms, compare so first passing through signal energy size, finding the time interval of shunting switch switching contact switching action, in Fig. 3, AG is interval；
Three, section is looked for the central point that energy is big from switching time: for suppression interference, every 5 or 7 points are one group, calculate by energy balane formula (1), take one group of maximum, and its central point is considered as the Energy maximum value point of whole signal；
Energy balane formula
E in formula represents that energy, Δ t are the sampling period, and f (k) is the sampled value of vibration signal kth point, and n counts for once calculating.
Four, the region avoiding likely impact analysis sets CE: set D point from time-domain signal Energy maximum value central point, respectively skips about 2ms (to 50kHz sample frequency, about 100 points), obtains C, E 2 point in the region of impact analysis；
Five, signal to be analyzed is taken: take forward about 41ms (to 50kHz sample frequency, take 2048 points) from region starting point C of impact analysis, for BC section；Take about 41ms (to 50kHz sample frequency, take 2048 points) backward from E point, for EF section, by the signal between BC and the signal between EF altogether, obtain signal to be analyzed:
Above-mentioned signal is calculated its energy according to energy balane formula (1)；
Six compare with normal condition, if the gross energy of each shelves switching all increases, vibrational energy during shunting switch switching there occurs that change, load tap changer switching contact exist over-heated fault.
Transformer load tap changer switching contact burning fault diagnosis device, it is characterized in that sub-connecting switch of transformer connects with the signal input part of sensor, the signal output part of sensor connects with the signal input part of signal conditioner, the signal output part of signal conditioner connects with the signal input part of Acquisition Instrument, and the signal output part of Acquisition Instrument connects with the signal input part of microcomputer (industrial computer).If vibrating sensor includes charge amplifier, and is output as sizeable voltage signal, then sensor output can directly be connected with Acquisition Instrument input.
Advantages of the present invention: the 1. fault characteristic value found can accurately reflect shunting switch switching contact burning fault, feature is obvious, reproducible, confirms that same type of shunting switch is had good universality through great many of experiments.2. the load tap changer contact burning fault diagnosis engineering increased based on handoff procedure vibration signal energy realizes simple, and sensor is easy for installation.3. using industrial computer to carry out detecting, process and diagnosing, dependable performance, software realizes convenient, and man machine interface is friendly, and diagnosis is directly perceived.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of fault diagnosis system
Fig. 2 is the test block diagram of diagnostic system
Fig. 3 is time-domain signal value schematic diagram
Fig. 4 is that shunting switch normal condition (switches to top grade from low grade) during the switching of each shelves with under switching contact burning malfunction, the big logotype of energy (often group left side correspondence normal condition, the right correspondence malfunction) of vibration signal
Fig. 5 is that shunting switch normal condition (switches to low grade from top grade) during the switching of each shelves with under switching contact burning malfunction, the big logotype of energy (often group left side correspondence normal condition, the right correspondence malfunction) of coupled vibration signal
In Fig. 11 is sub-connecting switch of transformer, and 2 is sensor, and 3 is signal conditioner (signal conditioning circuit), and 4 is Acquisition Instrument, and 5 is microcomputer (industrial computer)
Detailed description of the invention
Comparison accompanying drawing 1, its structure is installation vibrating sensor 2 on sub-connecting switch of transformer 1, signal conditioner (signal conditioning circuit) 3 is used to carry out converting, amplifying by the signal that vibrating sensor exports, gathered by Acquisition Instrument 4, send microcomputer (industrial computer) 5 to be analyzed processing and diagnosis.Annexation between them: sub-connecting switch of transformer 1 connects with the input of sensor 2, the outfan of sensor 2 connects with the input of signal conditioner (signal conditioning circuit) 3, the outfan of signal conditioner (signal conditioning circuit) 3 connects with the input of Acquisition Instrument 4, and the outfan of Acquisition Instrument 4 is connected with microcomputer (industrial computer) 5.If vibrating sensor includes charge amplifier, and is output as sizeable voltage signal, then sensor output is directly connected with Acquisition Instrument input.
Considering from monitoring convenience, vibrating sensor (employing prior art) is arranged on the top of shunting switch, the main vibration signal monitoring shunting switch vertical direction.When shunting switch switches, monitoring its vibration signal, this signal is changed through signal conditioner (employing prior art), after Acquisition Instrument (DastarNET data collecting instrument) gathers, it is analyzed by computer, processes, and carry out fault diagnosis.
Embodiment
In order to verify the feasibility of the present invention; test as follows; experiment domestic application M type load ratio bridging switch the most widely is tested, and shunting switch model is CMIII-500-63B-10193W (the load ratio bridging switch manufacturing enterprise Shanghai Huaming Electric Appliance Equipment Co., Ltd for largest domestic produces).The basic parameter of this switch is shown in Table 1.
Shunting switch basic parameter table tested by table 1
| Maximum rated by electric current (A) | 500 | The number of phases and connected mode | Three-phase Y connection |
| Maximum level voltage (V) | 3300 | Operating position number | 19 |
| Amount electric pressure (kV) | 63 | The class of insulation | B |
| Specified level capacity (kVA) | 1400 |
Experimental provision also includes acceleration vibrating sensor, Buddhist nun's height data collecting instrument, microcomputer etc..Acceleration vibrating sensor is directly installed on shunting switch top, and the DastarNET data collecting instrument of Ni Gao company is used for collection and the record of signal, and PC then carries out data-storing, data process and fault diagnosis.And demonstrating result in PC, the sample frequency of vibration signal is 50kHz.Take from vibration signal by following method and be more beneficial for reflecting that switching contact burning faulty component calculates:
The most first determine the region that energy is bigger: because of switching time longer (several seconds) of shunting switch, and real switching contact impact shock process the shortest (main energetic signal is about within 100ms), comparing so first passing through signal, finding the time interval of shunting switch switching contact switching action.
Comparative approach: for suppression interference, take every 3 points or 5 points are one group, calculate by formula (1), take and substantially increase to, from energy, the interval (Fig. 3 between A, G) that energy is obviously reduced at 2.
Energy balane formula
2. section is looked for the central point of vibration signal energy maximum from switching time: for suppression interference, take every 5 points or 7 points are one group (the most backward along moving a bit), calculate by formula (1), taking one group of maximum, its central point is considered as the Energy maximum value point (the D point in Fig. 3) of whole signal；
3. avoid the region CE of likely impact analysis: respectively skip 100 sampled points (about 2ms) from time-domain signal Energy maximum value central point D, obtain C, E 2 point；
4. take signal to be analyzed: take forward 2048 sampled points (about 41ms) (BC section) from C point, 2048 points (about 41ms) (EF section) are taken backward from E point, by the signal between BC and the signal between EF altogether, as signal to be analyzed.
Above-mentioned signal is calculated its energy according to formula (1).
Accompanying drawing 4 for from low grade to top grade switch time, shunting switch normal condition and the big logotype of energy in each shelves handoff procedure under switching contact burning malfunction.Every grade of left side correspondence normal condition in Fig. 4, the right correspondence malfunction.
Claims (1)
1. one, the method for transformer load tap changer switching contact burning fault diagnosis, it is characterized in that the party
Method comprises the steps:
Vibration signal is sampled, proper about sample frequency 50kHz；
First determine the region that vibration signal energy is bigger: because shunting switch is longer for switching time, number
Second, and real switching contact impact shock process is the shortest, main energetic signal within 100ms, institute
Compare first passing through signal, find the time interval of shunting switch contact change-over action；
Section looks for the central point that energy is big from switching time: for suppression interference, can be every 3 or 5
Individual point is one group, calculates by energy balane formula (1), takes one group of maximum, and its central point is considered as whole
The Energy maximum value point of signal；
Energy balane formula
E in formula represents that energy, Δ t are the sampling period, and f (k) children is the sampling of vibration signal kth point
Value, n counts for once calculating.
The region avoiding likely impact analysis sets CE: set D from time-domain signal Energy maximum value central point
Point, respectively skips about 2ms, obtains C, E 2 point；
Take signal to be analyzed: take forward about 41ms, to 50kHz from region starting point C of impact analysis
Sample frequency takes 2048 sampled points, for BC section；From E point the most about 41ms, to 50kHz sampling frequency
Rate takes 2048 sampled points, for EF section, by the signal between BC and the signal between EF altogether, obtains
Signal to be analyzed；
Above-mentioned signal is calculated its energy according to energy balane formula (1)；
Two, transformer load tap changer switching contact burning fault diagnosis device, is characterized in that transformator
Shunting switch connects with the signal input part of sensor, the signal output part of sensor and signal conditioner
Signal input part connects, and the signal output part of signal conditioner connects with the signal input part of Acquisition Instrument, adopts
The signal output part of collection instrument connects with the signal input part of microcomputer industrial computer.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110658445A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2020-01-07 | 红相股份有限公司 | Analysis and diagnosis method for mechanical fault of on-load tap-changer |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110658445A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2020-01-07 | 红相股份有限公司 | Analysis and diagnosis method for mechanical fault of on-load tap-changer |
| CN110658445B (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2021-06-01 | 红相股份有限公司 | Analysis and diagnosis method for mechanical fault of on-load tap-changer |
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Application publication date: 20161123 |