CN106150305A - 一种防火门 - Google Patents
一种防火门 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106150305A CN106150305A CN201610535444.4A CN201610535444A CN106150305A CN 106150305 A CN106150305 A CN 106150305A CN 201610535444 A CN201610535444 A CN 201610535444A CN 106150305 A CN106150305 A CN 106150305A
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Abstract
本专利申请属于安全门结构技术领域，公开了一种防火门，包括门框和门板，其中门板采用泡沫铝板材，在泡沫铝板材的外侧依次设有第一层丙纶纺粘布、立体波浪状混合短纤维层、第二层丙纶纺粘布、丙烯酸树脂、防火层和不锈钢材料层，门框位于门板的四周，门板一竖向侧边与门框竖向侧壁，门板内侧面四周上设有外沿的板裙，该板裙与门板厚度面形成的夹角内粘接有密封垫圈。当出现起火情况时，人们躲进避火室，将门板合在门框上并锁定，密封垫圈将封堵门板与门框之间的间隙，此时，避火室外的高温将无法通过空气传递至避火室，可以隔绝空气传热。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于安全门结构技术领域。
背景技术
现有的房屋建设中，其中消防安全是重要的考虑因素。目前，为了保证住户安全，一些比较高级的公寓或大厦中都会单独留一间避火室，该避火室内有独立电源、应急食物和氧气发生器，可以保证人的基本生生存，这种避火室的门需要达到防火抗爆的要求，目前这种避火室内的门通常采用钢制防火门：都是采用门框和门扇表面用钢材，门扇内门芯用无机防火材料，这种钢制防火门的优点是防火、耐烧和强度好，缺点在于一方面钢材导热率高，传热块，导致避火室的隔热性能差，另一方面，钢材重量大，如普通的甲级门重量约150斤。
现有专利一种用泡沫铝加工防火安全门的方法（专利申请号：CN201410801363.5；专利申请日：2014.12.22），公开了以下技术方案：按具体尺寸切割泡沫铝板材，在泡沫铝板材的外侧包裹两层丙纶纺粘布，其中两层丙纶纺粘布之间粘结有立体波浪状混合短纤维层，在丙纶纺粘布的外侧涂抹一层丙烯酸树脂，并在丙烯酸树脂的外侧喷涂一层防火层，在防火层的外侧包裹一层不锈钢材料，制成门板，在门板的四边包裹一层镶饰层即可。
采用泡沫铝制作防火门，具有导热率低，耐高温、防火性能强、隔音降噪效果好的优点，但是仅仅是门板的改进，门板与门框之间仍有间隙，在房屋起火后，高温仍旧会通过空气传递到避火室内，将人们置于高温危险中。
发明内容
本发明意在提供一种可对门板和门框之间形成有效封堵、隔绝空气传热的防火门。
本方案中的一种防火门，包括门框和门板，其中门板采用泡沫铝板材，在泡沫铝板材的外侧依次设有第一层丙纶纺粘布、立体波浪状混合短纤维层、第二层丙纶纺粘布、丙烯酸树脂、防火层和不锈钢材料层，门框位于门板的四周，门板一竖向侧边与门框竖向侧壁铰接，其特征在于，门板内侧面四周上设有外沿的板裙，该板裙与门板厚度面形成的夹角内粘接有密封垫圈。
有益效果：在门板内侧上设置板裙，通过在板裙和门板之间的夹角内设置密封垫圈，当出现起火情况时，人们躲进避火室，将门板合在门框上并锁定，密封垫圈将封堵门板与门框之间的间隙，此时，避火室外的高温将无法通过空气传递至避火室，可以隔绝空气传热；因此，高温只能通过门板进行传递，而门板外侧设有不锈钢材料层，避免火苗直接烧伤门板，只能通过不锈刚材料层将热量逐层传递，而门板内的其他层防火层、立体波浪状混合短纤维层、丙烯酸树脂、丙纶纺粘布都能有效地隔绝高温，阻止温度传递至门板内侧（即避火室内）。
进一步，所述门板的厚度面上开有弧形的凹槽，与该厚度面对应的门框周面上开有与该凹槽相对的导槽，导槽与凹槽拼合形成密封通道，该密封通道内可填埋密封物质，提高密封效果。
进一步，所述门框内设置有充水的水道，该水道与导槽连通并通过隔水条封堵，所述导槽内设置有PN遇水膨胀止水条，由于导槽与凹槽相对，当隔水条拔出后，PN遇水膨胀止水条会遇水膨胀并充满密封通道再次提高密封效果。总所周知，火灾中死亡的最大原因是毒烟导致人无法呼吸，密封效果的提高阻绝了热空气的进入，同时可以防止燃烧后的烟气进入，提高人门生存的几率。
进一步，所述隔水条的一端位于门框内，另一端延伸并伸出门框外，隔水条的伸出端应设置于门板内侧（即避火室内），便于人们拔掉隔水条。
进一步，所述防火层由：玻璃珠20%-30%、阻燃剂2%-3%、固化剂6%-8%、乳化剂2%-3%、纳米蒙脱土5%-10%、水基型合成树脂55%-60%混合制成，玻璃的导热率较低，再通过其他阻燃剂的配合，再次提升防火效果。
进一步，所述玻璃珠的粒径小于1mm。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种防火门实施例一的结构示意图（门框与门板分离）；
图2为图1中沿A-A线的剖视图；
图3为图2中B部分的放大图；
图4为本发明一种防火门实施例二的结构示意图（门框与门板分离）。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明：
说明书附图中的附图标记包括：门板1、门框2、板裙3、导槽4、凹槽5、密封垫圈6、水道7、隔水条8、PN遇水膨胀止水条9、物料入口10。
实施例一
一种防火门，参见图1、图2、图3，包括门框2和门板1，门框2安装在避火室墙壁的门洞上，门框2包括两个侧边、一个上边、一个下边（图中只画出门框2上边）。 门框2的一侧边通过铰链与门框2竖边铰接，门板1远离铰链的侧边上设有门锁，可以与门框2另一侧边上的锁头扣合。门板1内侧即是避火室内，门板1外侧即是避火室外。
门板1包括分布有气泡孔的泡沫铝板材，在泡沫铝板材的外侧依次粘接有第一层丙纶纺粘布、立体波浪状混合短纤维层、第二层丙纶纺粘布，第二层丙纶纺粘布外侧涂覆有丙烯酸树脂，在丙烯酸树脂的外侧喷涂一层防火层，在防火层的外侧包裹一层不锈钢材料。防火层由：玻璃珠20%-30%、阻燃剂2%-3%、固化剂6%-8%、乳化剂2%-3%、纳米蒙脱土5%-10%、水基型合成树脂55%-60%混合制成，所述玻璃珠的粒径小于1mm。
门板1内侧的板面四周上焊接有板裙3，板裙3向门板1外周延伸并超出门板1外沿，板裙3与对应门板1的厚度面（即两个侧边面、一个上边面、 一个下边面）之间的夹角内粘接有密封垫圈6。
所述门板1的厚度面上开有弧形的凹槽5，与该门板1厚度面对应的门框2周面上开有弧形的导槽4，导槽4与凹槽5拼合形成密封通道。门框2内布置有充水的水道7，门框2上开有与该水道7连通的进水口，可以通过进水口向水道7内充水。水道7与门框2周面上的导槽4通过连接颈连通，该连接颈与门框2内侧面之间通过插槽连通，采用硬塑料制成的隔水条8插入伸入插槽中，隔水条8将导槽4和水道7隔绝，隔水条8完全插入连接颈后，仍有部分端头位于门框2外，便于人们拔动隔水条8。在导槽4内粘接有PN遇水膨胀止水条9，PN遇水膨胀止水条9未遇水前，完全容纳于对应的导槽4 内。
实施例二
一种防火门，参见图4，包括门框2和门板1，门框2安装在避火室墙壁的门洞上，门框2包括两个侧边、一个上边、一个下边（图中只画出门框2上边）。 门框2的一侧边通过铰链与门框2竖边铰接，门板1远离铰链的侧边上设有门锁，可以与门框2另一侧边上的锁头扣合。门板1内侧即是避火室内，门板1外侧即是避火室外。
门板1包括分布有气泡孔的泡沫铝板材，在泡沫铝板材的外侧依次粘接有第一层丙纶纺粘布、立体波浪状混合短纤维层、第二层丙纶纺粘布，第二层丙纶纺粘布外侧涂覆有丙烯酸树脂，在丙烯酸树脂的外侧喷涂一层防火层，在防火层的外侧包裹一层不锈钢材料。防火层由：玻璃珠20%-30%、阻燃剂2%-3%、固化剂6%-8%、乳化剂2%-3%、纳米蒙脱土5%-10%、水基型合成树脂55%-60%混合制成，所述玻璃珠的粒径小于1mm。
门板1内侧的板面四周上焊接有板裙3，板裙3向门板1外周延伸并超出门板1外沿，板裙3与对应门板1的厚度面（即两个侧边面、一个上边面、 一个下边面）之间的夹角内粘接有密封垫圈6。
所述门板1的厚度面上开有弧形的凹槽5，与该门板1厚度面对应的门框2周面上开有弧形的导槽4，导槽4与凹槽5拼合形成密封通道。门框2内布置有充水的水道7，门框2上开有与该水道7连通的物料入口10。
门框2上通过螺栓固定有A料罐、B料罐、混合罐、水泵，该A料罐内混合有液态的组合聚醚（即A料），组合聚醚包括环氧丙烷环氧乙烷共聚醚10~60份，环氧丙烷环氧乙烷共聚醚40份，低官能度聚醚多元醇20份，多元醇10份，水5份，催化剂1份，表面活性剂1份，开孔剂1份，塑胶粉末 10~15份，交联剂2~6份，硅油1份，催化剂2份。 B料罐内只有液态的异氰酸酯（即B料）。A料罐与B料罐灌口带有喷嘴，喷嘴均通过软管与混合罐连接，喷嘴将A料和B料按照1：1的体积比喷入混合罐内，混合罐的罐口与水泵连接，该水泵的出口管与物料入口10连接，水泵将混合后的A料和B料泵入水道7内，再进入密封通道。由于刚混合的A料和B料仍为液态，将混合后的A料和B料快速引入密封通道内，液态物质（A料和B料）可以充满密封通道的每个角落，马上发泡膨胀形成泡沫塑料，泡沫塑料对密封通道形成有效的封堵，提高密封效果。总所周知，火灾中死亡的最大原因是毒烟导致人无法呼吸，密封效果的提高阻绝了热空气的进入，同时可以防止燃烧后的烟气进入，提高人门生存的几率。
以上所述的仅是本发明的实施例，方案中公知的具体结构及特性等常识在此未作过多描述。应当指出，对于本领域的技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明结构的前提下，还可以作出若干变形和改进，这些也应该视为本发明的保护范围，这些都不会影响本发明实施的效果和专利的实用性。本申请要求的保护范围应当以其权利要求的内容为准，说明书中的具体实施方式等记载可以用于解释权利要求的内容。
Claims (6)
1.一种防火门，包括门框和门板，其中门板采用泡沫铝板材，在泡沫铝板材的外侧依次设有第一层丙纶纺粘布、立体波浪状混合短纤维层、第二层丙纶纺粘布、丙烯酸树脂、防火层和不锈钢材料层，门框位于门板的四周，门板一竖向侧边与门框竖向侧壁 ，其特征在于，门板内侧面四周上设有外沿的板裙，该板裙与门板厚度面形成的夹角内粘接有密封垫圈。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防火门，其特征在于：所述门板的厚度面上开有弧形的凹槽，与该厚度面对应的门框周面上开有与该凹槽相对的导槽，导槽与凹槽拼合形成密封通道。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种防火门，其特征在于：所述门框内设置有充水的水道，该水道与导槽连通并通过隔水条封堵，所述导槽内设置有PN遇水膨胀止水条。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种防火门，其特征在于：所述隔水条的一端位于门框内，另一端延伸并伸出门框外。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种防火门，其特征在于：所述防火层由：玻璃珠20%-30%、阻燃剂2%-3%、固化剂6%-8%、乳化剂2%-3%、纳米蒙脱土5%-10%、水基型合成树脂55%-60%混合制成。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种防火门，其特征在于：所述玻璃珠的粒径小于1mm。
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