CN1061464A - Improved apparatus for delivering fuel to internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of apparatus for delivering fuel to internal combustion engine, comprise: a body, fuel cavity wherein is communicated with accent, transfer the fuel is to the proportioning device of fuel cavity selectively, the intrinsic hole that between accent and body exterior, is communicated with, valving comprises a valve member, this valve member should be cooperated with the hole that opens and closes this hole selectively, and a valve rod that is equipped with on the valve member is arranged, the calutron of in body, handling selectively, it operably is connected on the valve rod, valve rod is moved on to the position that opens or closes above-mentioned hole, open device from fuel cavity to the perforate fuel supplying that give the fuel cavity air feed from least in the hole, valve rod reaches fuel cavity by calutron from accent, by the channel connection accent and the fuel cavity of this valve rod, the fuel of fuel cavity is transported to by valve stem passage and accent and passes through opening.

Description

Improved apparatus for delivering fuel to internal combustion engine

The present invention is about the device of the fuel injector class of internal-combustion engine, and wherein a certain amount of fuel mix gas (being suitable for combustion-supporting gas as air etc.) and is injected in each cylinder.The present invention is also about a kind of fuel injection system with internal-combustion engine of said apparatus or sparger.

The quantitative fuel that is mixed with gas is injected in the motor, and the pressure of that part of gas of sneaking into is enough to make fuel directly to spray in cylinder or the air inlet system by a valve control mouth, inhaled air then enters in the cylinder by air inlet system, and above-mentioned technology is known.The quota of fuel of this form and course of injection need provide fuel and gas for quota of fuel and the injection system corresponding to each cylinder of motor.

When design quota of fuel and ejecting system, also to consider the factor in many working procedure, as the weight of the fuel supply control valve of band valve rod.Because the dynamic load of valve and bounce-back all are the key factors that influences the fuel feeding accuracy.Equally, quantitative fuel also can exert an influence to the variation of fuel delivery between each circulation of motor to the moistening degree of tube wall, and influences the reaction that motor changes quota of fuel.

The fuel injection system that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of fuel feeding of internal-combustion engine with modifying device, little, the compact structure of its volume, and also operating process is satisfied modern motor to reliability, the requirement in precision and life-span.

For this reason, provide a kind of fuel injection system for IC engine, this system comprises:

A kind of apparatus for delivering fuel to internal combustion engine comprises:

One body, fuel cavity wherein is communicated with accent,

Transfer the fuel arrives the proportioning device of fuel cavity selectively,

The intrinsic hole that between accent and body exterior, is communicated with,

Valving comprises that this valve member of valve member should cooperate with the hole that opens and closes this hole selectively, and a valve rod that is contained on the valve member is arranged,

The calutron of in body, handling selectively, it operably is connected on the valve rod, valve rod being moved on to the position that opens or closes above-mentioned hole,

At least open device from fuel cavity to the perforate fuel supplying that give the fuel cavity air feed from the hole,

Valve rod reaches fuel cavity by calutron from accent, by the channel connection accent and the fuel cavity of this valve rod, the fuel of fuel cavity is transported to by valve stem passage and accent and passes through opening.

Calutron preferably adopts solenoid valve.This solenoid valve has a coil concentric with valve rod, and the armature coaxial with it is housed on valve rod.Armature preferably along or be in the annular space that is between coil and the valve rod basically.Valve rod is preferably tubular, and an end is being fixed valve member, and fuel can flow into from another opening end.Joint, valve member end is between the inwall of tubular valve rod and inner chamber.Connect like this, a large amount of fuel just can not be closed in the following part in the tubular valve rod and inner chamber joint, nor can flow in the inner chamber.Fuel preferably directly is injected in the firing chamber of motor by body apertures.

Above-mentioned structure brings many advantages can for the working procedure of the fuel injection system with this fuel delivery means.(as the tubular valve rod is available) allows fuel flow through from the passage in the valve rod, can reduce the surface area that can influence fuel.Fuel, sprays in the motor to the body outlet more thus from quantitative.Existing structure is then by an annular pass, and this point is particularly different.Fuel to surface moistening can influence the response delay amount, this retardation be present in the variation of quota of fuel place oil-supply speed and bring thus fuel is sprayed into motor between the variation of the oil yielding rate at spout place.In each oil spout circulation, along with the variation of fuel supply rate, the oil slick thickness that adheres on the surface area that quantitatively fuel is flowed through between place and the outlet port also can change.If, comprise that total fuel quantity of the variation of oil slick thickness also can reduce so the surface area that contacts with fuel has reduced.This advantage embodies can accelerating from the reaction time of motor, also is reflected in because the unstability that the variation of the fuel quantity that sprays between each circulation of motor causes has reduced.

Adopt electromagnetic valve device also can bring benefit.Prior art constructions is that the quota of fuel place is between solenoid valve and fuel delivery port, and the present invention then is at the fuel delivery port and quantitatively between the place electromagnetic valve component is set.The length of valve rod has shortened like this, thereby valve rod weight saving, natural frequency are reduced, and then the number of times that may rebound when having reduced valve closing.When high engine load is worked, the considerable fuel valve rod of will flowing through, this can produce good cooling effect just when the solenoid valve heating value is very high.

Equally, the electromagnetism valve member is arranged on fuel to be entered the fuel delivery port of motor and quantitatively reaches the profile that solenoid valve adopts symmetry between the place, can make fuel injection system or its part put into engine cylinder cover inside, thereby reduce the total height after motor and the fuel delivery means combination.This locations of structures can also lean on the heat from cylinder cap that fuel is heated up, and helps fuel atomization.When fuel supply rate was low, situation especially like this.

Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.An actual structure of using of fuel injection system of the present invention has been described in the accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is a kind of shaft side figure of typical three cylinder engine, and this motor is equipped with fuel injection system of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the viewgraph of cross-section that is contained in quota of fuel and sprays system's place's oil duct and air flue.

Fig. 3 is the axial sectional view at fuel injection systems and oil, gas channel interface place.

Fig. 4 is the view along the air control ring of direction shown in the 4-4 among Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is the sectional view that the engine cylinder cover of oil, gas passage and quota of fuel and injection system is housed.

Fig. 6 is the sectional view that is contained in the pressure governor on oil, the gas passage.

Fig. 7 is the partial sectional view along direction pressure governor shown in the 7-7 among Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is the partial sectional view that fuel and gas is input to the switching mechanism in the fuel cavity.

With reference to Fig. 1, described here is a three-cylinder two-stroke engine that adopts conventional construction basically, and it comprises cylinder body and crankcase mechanism 1, and dismountable cylinder cap 2 is in the gas handling system 4 of cylinder body one side with in the vent systems 5 of cylinder body opposite side.Spark plug 7 is housed on the cylinder cap 2, each spark plug corresponding respectively cylinder, fuel and an air passageways assembly 11 roughly be installed in along on the vertical center line on cylinder cap top by bolt 8.

As shown in Figure 2, fuel injection system of engin comprises the channel components 11 of a supply air and fuel.This assembly have one quantitatively be 10 and the injection of corresponding each cylinder be 13.Channel components 11 is elongated member, and air pipe line 13, oil feed line 14 and return line 15 are portion's longitudinal extensions within it, and these pipelines seal at an end of passage.As shown in Figure 1, a suction tude connector 9 that links to each other with air pipe line 13 is set in position, 6, one return tube connector 3(pressure governors that link to each other with return line 15 through pressure governor of a fuel supply line connector that links to each other with oil feed line 14 will describe in detail in the back).

Fuel dosing device 10 can have been bought on market, is not described further at this.In commercially available proportioning device, " Multec " board proportioning device of being produced by the Rcchester branch company of General Motors Corporation is proper.Have filler opening 16 and oil outlet 17 on the body 18 of proportioning device 10, fuel influent stream thus goes out, and metering-orifice is out that on that piece area of 19 expressions metering-orifice is delivered to fuel in the pipeline 20 and (described in detail in the back).

The body 18 of proportioning device 10 is contained in the cross-drilled hole 26 that is formed by the outer wall 21 of channel components 11, and " O " V-shaped ring 22 is arranged between body 18 and the hole 26.Porose 27 on the inwall 25 between air passageways 13 and the fuel channel 14, " O " V-shaped ring 23 is also arranged between hole 27 and the body 18.The metering-orifice place face 19 of proportioning device 10 is determined by pressing plate 28 corresponding to the position of passage 20.Pressing plate 28 is contained in the groove 29 of body 18, is located in position to be pressed on the end wall 21 by bolt or positioning screwn (not shown).Quantitatively the body 18 of system is sentenced the partition of high-precision matching relationship by passage 14 and 15 34, to reduce fuel leak therebetween.

Injection be 12(as shown in Figure 3) housing 30 is arranged, also have a cylindrical sleeve 31 on the housing 30, stretch out a jetburner 32 from the bottom of cylindrical sleeve, and in spout, communicate with chamber 33.Be fixed on the tubular valve rod 35 with spout 32 coefficient poppet valve head 34.Tubular valve rod 35 is contained in the inner chamber 33 by guiding rib 36, and can slide therein.Guiding rib is distributed on the circumference of valve rod 35 equally spacedly.

Housing 30 is coaxial with tubular valve rod 35, and electromagnetic coil 40 is contained in the housing 30, and between the base plate 37 and cover plate 38 of housing 30.39 as can be seen from the slit, and the electromagnet armature 41 that is installed in tubular valve rod 35 upper ends can be done limited axial motion.Spring 42 upwards promotes armature 41, to guarantee that valve head 34 can be closed spout 32 under normal state.The bottom of valve rod 35 has relative aperture 43, and the inside that this hole makes valve rod 35 always is connected with inner chamber 33.After electromagnetic coil 40 excitations, pull down armature 41, with gap 39 closures, valve rod 35 and valve head 34 produce displacement then, open spout 32.

The cover plate 38 of housing upper end is in the hole 45 of channel components 11, therefore is installed in the hole 48 that pipe 46 in the channel components 11 is arranged in armature 41 upper ends.Pipe 46 be the sealing-in of interference fit ground in the passage 20 of channel components 11, passage 20 is in wall 25, the opening of valve rod 35 upper ends sent into fuel by pipe 46 from passage 20.

Quantitatively be that an end of 10 is 27 li in hole in the wall 25 of channel components 11, an air flow control ring 75 arranged at this end.The annular flange dish 74 of air flow control ring 75 is sleeved on the body 18 of quantitative system.Outer surface at flange plate 74 has an annular groove 77, and this annular groove 77 communicates with passage 78, and communicates through the inner chamber 80 of a series of aperture 79 with ring 75.As shown in Figure 4, encircling 75 1 ends has a center fuel channel 81, and its channel space is limited by lining 82.Three support arms that equidistantly arrange 84 are fixed on lining 82 on the circumference of ring 75.The space that limits between ring 75 circumference, center bush 82 and three support arms 84 has constituted three arcuate sockets 85, flows through through this from the air of air passageways 13.

As shown in Figure 2, passage 88 is communicated with near the annular space 80 air passageways 13 and the lining 82.Like this, just can enter the inner chamber 80 of ring 75 by passage 88 and arcuate socket 85 from the air of air passageways 13.This a part of air can be further by near metering-orifice district 19 in lining 82 enters into fuel channel 81.This shows, when fuel injection system is in running order, air can be flowed out by air passageways 13, around the zone 19 of quantitative mechanism 10, form radially inner air-flow, send a certain amount of fuel from zone 19, then, air continues motion vertically, enter in the passage 20 by passage 81, enter in the hollow lumen of valve rod 35 through pipe 46 again.Because some air are arranged in passage 88 is back to air passageways 13, so this motion mode of air-flow can prevent the loss of fuel.

Annular groove 77, hole 79 and passage 78 provide a runner of not throttling substantially for air from the hole 49 that air passageways 13 enters on the cover plate 38.Air can enter in the hollow valve rod 35 from hole 49, and also can flow through between the outer surface of armature 41 and sleeve 47, in space 39 enters into chamber 33.This mode of communicating in air passageways 13 and chamber 33 has guaranteed that one air-flow is arranged in chamber 33, and enough pressure is arranged, with prevent fuel from inner chamber 33 through the incoming flow of armature 41 or the savings of backflow.When this situation occurring, the quantitative accuracy of the fuel of supply engine can reduce.

Sleeve 47 leans against at outside edge, 58 places in the substrate in hole 49 of cover plate 38.The bottom of sleeve 47 is contained between the expandable part 51 of the reducing 50 of housing 30 and sleeve 31, and the lap of these three parts welds together, to form a closely knit fuel-air interface.

Said apparatus can be used on as shown in Figure 1 the sort of multi-cylinder engine.This multi-cylinder engine has fuel and air passageways assembly 11, this assembly comprise the quota of fuel corresponding to each cylinder be 10 and injection be 12.As Fig. 5, injection is that 12 sleeve 31 is contained in the step hole suitable on the engine cylinder cover 2 57, and the fuel of ejection directly enters in the firing chamber in the cylinder from spout 32 like this.Seal ring 16 on the sleeve 31 is pressed on the suitable surface of cylinder cap and seals.Hold-down mechanism as bolt 8 and so on is fixed on channel components 11 on the cylinder cap 2.Channel components 11 and injection are 12 to combine like this, combine with cylinder cap and spray system."O 52 in the hole 49 forms sealing between the outer rim 58 of channel components 11 and sleeve 47, to prevent that at channel components 11 and injection be to produce fuel or leakage of air between 12.

As shown in Figure 5, engine cylinder has covered cooling chamber and passage 53,54 and 55 thereof, also has a spark-plug hole 56.Injection is 12 to be contained in the step hole 52, spray system shell 30 some be exposed in the cooling chamber 54 so that direct cooling injection mechanism takes away the heat that electromagnetic coil 40 produces, and caloric restriction passes to from the firing chamber and sprays system and quantitative system.

Fig. 8 has represented a kind of improvement structure to the air control ring 75 among Fig. 2.In the structure shown in this figure, sleeve 110 and fuel line 114 have replaced air control ring 74 and the lining 82 among Fig. 2.

The structure that should be noted that sleeve 110 is a kind of improvement to disclosed this class formation.Sleeve 110 and quota of fuel are to be interference fit between 10 the hole 109, and 111 the preferably slight press fits in the hole of channel components 11."O 112 can prevent that fuel from leaking out from oil supply gallery 14.

The spout of quota of fuel mechanism 10 is contained in 113 places, and it faces with sleeve 110 and is the fuel line 114 of one, and quantitative like this fuel just enters in the fuel cavity 120.Fuel injection systems 12 communicates with chamber 120, and it is in 12 that the fuel in chamber 120 flows to injection.The injection structure that to be 12 structure mention with prior figures 2 is identical.

Fuel cavity 120 communicates with air passageways 13 by annular pass 122 and the curved channel therebetween 124 around hole 121, the fuel line 114.The outer wall of hole 121 and annular pass 122 be by open in advance quota of fuel be 10 and sleeve 110 on the hole that is parallel to each other constitute, curved channel 124 is that the part that the partition by this two hole cuts away forms.This method that shapes remains unchanged the wall 125 between above-mentioned two holes, and extends to the lap of fuel line 114, also forms a part of conical surface simultaneously in 180 ° radian scope.Should be noted that: chamber 120, hole 121, annular pass 122 and curved channel 124 are that each quantitatively is 10 and sprays 12 and have, and oil supply gallery 14 and drainback passage 15 and air supply channel 13 also are each quantitatively systems and spray system and all have.It is 12 that inclined-plane 126 can be incorporated into injection to the fuel of coming from this face bounce-back, rather than directly allows these fuel return annular pass 122.

In use, when being in the fuel injection phase, there is one air-flow to flow out from passage 13, through hole 121, curved channel 124 and annular pass 122 enter in the chamber 120, and then 120 enter into fuel injection systems 12 through the chamber, it has been that 10 fuel of sending in the chamber 120 enter into fuel injection systems 12 by quota of fuel that air mixing, and again in this is injected to cylinder.

Before beginning that fuel sprayed into motor, when just also not having air-flow basically in air passageways 13 enters chamber 120, generally not with fuel, or one of them part of fuel is injected in the chamber 120.The structure of hole 121 and passage 122 and 124 is such: the fuel that allows all have the trend the air passageways 13 that is back to from chamber 120 flows through a spiral channel.From quantitatively being that some elaioleucites that the bounce-back of 120 walls is come from the chamber are arranged 10 fuel that flow out, these elaioleucites are probably on another surface attached to chamber 120 or annular pass 122, the kinetic energy of elaioleucite has just lost like this, and/or fuel is guided to the path that can avoid its air passageways 13 that bleeds.As on annular pass 122, the effect of annular pass provides a unique import, and all fuel from chamber 120 can only enter on the path that arrives air passageways 13 from this import.

The advantage of this effect is that a stream district of not throttling is substantially arranged, and passing air in the chamber, and elaioleucite can only flow through from a very little hole in the opposite direction.

This fuel that prevents (is 20 among Fig. 2 from chamber, be 120 among Fig. 8) leak into the method for air passageways 13, can improve the quantitative accuracy that sprays into the motor fuel amount, thereby improve motor fuel Economy and discharge control level, simultaneously can also avoid fuel on air passageways, to put aside, and the problem of consequent clean air passage.

Because fuel is from quantitatively being 10 to enter into the air pressures (being substantially equal to the pressure in the air passageways 13) that will overcome in the chamber 20 in the chamber, thus be necessary to adjust the pressure of fuel according to this air pressure, so that the quantitative accuracy of fuel reaches requirement.A plurality of quantitatively and spray system and be contained in the all-in-one-piece channel components 11, therefore be contained in the channel components 11 single pressure governor will with all quantitatively and the pressure that sprays system adjust on the value that needs.

Fig. 6 is a kind of accompanying drawing of typical pressure governor.A body 61 is arranged on the pressure governor 60, fuel meat 62 and air part 63 are arranged on the body, these two-part are to be fixed together by the edge 64 that forges.Fuel meat 62 is interference fit with hole 56.The outer wall 21 of channel components 11 is passed in hole 56, also by the part of wall 74 between oil supply gallery 14 and drainback passage 15.Drainback passage 15 communicates with the center cavity of fuel meat 62 by the hole 59 on fuel meat 62 perisporiums.Between the wall of the fuel meat 62 of body 61 and channel components 11, one " O " V-shaped ring 65 is arranged.Fuel meat 62 also can partly pass the part of wall 25 between oil supply gallery 14 and air passageways 13, and the other parts that while air part 63 is passed wall 25 enter in the air passageways 13.

Diaphragm 66 of 63 two relative shaft shoulder bandings of fuel meat 62 and air part is to separate fuel and air.Under its normal working state, diaphragm can be crooked.Pre-loaded spring 67 is pressed on the pressing plate 68.Pressing plate is fastened on the diaphragm 66.The power that spring applies can be adjusted by adjusting plug 69.There is a hole at the center of adjusting plug, in order to be communicated with the inside of air passageways 13 and air part 63.

Have a valve disc 70 on the pressing plate 68, this valve disc 70 and sleeve 71 common actions, sleeve 71 defines hole 72.Tapped hole 73 is arranged on the body 61, and oil return connector 3 is screwed into this hole, and the fuel of release just can flow back in the fuel tank.As the specific descriptions of Fig. 7, a bulb 90 that is made of one is with it arranged on the valve disc 70, this bulb places the conical chamber 91 of pressing plate 68, and plate washer 92 blocks bulb 90, is assembled in the chamber.The forging edge 93 of pressing plate 68 is fixed plate washer on whole circumference.Open a groove on the plate washer 92, so that the neck 95 of valve disc 70 enters in the center hole 94 from center hole 94 to periphery.The impetus of spring 96 makes bulb 90 rely on pressing plate 92, guarantees valve disc 70 centerings.This structure has improved the sealed precision that has the valve disc 70 that exports sleeve 71.

Should recognize that the structure of above-mentioned pressure governor can also change, make it have the sleeve 71 that is contained on the diaphragm 66 and static valve disc.

In use, if because the air pressure that bears on the diaphragm 66 and the comprehensive function effect of spring 67 make fuel pressure be lower than predetermined value, then valve disc 70 will stop at the position (as shown) of hole 72 being closed valve.If pressure constantly raises, until being enough to overcome the air pressure of acting in conjunction on diaphragm 66 and the load of spring 67, diaphragm is crooked to the right as shown in FIG. so before this, and then the promotion valve disc moves, open outlet 72, at this moment the fuel of Shi Fanging just 72 is back in the fuel tank through the hole.

Therefore the pressure governor of above-mentioned this structure can be contained in 11 li of channel components basically, just can not increase the boundary dimension of motor and fuel system here.Simultaneously, in this structure, owing to a certain amount of fuel is arranged, the pressure surge that produces in the time of can suppressing voltage regulator operation in the channel components.

Should recognize that above-mentioned fuel injection system can be used for various forms of internal-combustion engines, no matter as being four-stroke or two stroke motor.Adopt the motor of above-mentioned fuel injection systems to be specially adapted to motor,, can be used as outer shipment motor as the motor of aircraft, vehicle and ship etc., when on ship, using as various forms of transport.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of apparatus for delivering fuel to internal combustion engine comprises:

One body, fuel cavity wherein is communicated with accent,

Transfer the fuel arrives the proportioning device of fuel cavity selectively,

The intrinsic hole that between accent and body exterior, is communicated with,

Valving comprises that this valve member of valve member should cooperate with the hole that opens and closes this hole selectively, and a valve rod that is contained on the valve member is arranged,

The calutron of in body, handling selectively, it operably is connected on the valve rod, valve rod being moved on to the position that opens or closes above-mentioned hole,

At least open device from fuel cavity to the perforate fuel supplying that give the fuel cavity air feed from the hole,

It is characterized in that valve rod reaches fuel cavity by calutron from accent,, the fuel of fuel cavity is transported to by valve stem passage and accent and passes through opening by the channel connection accent and the fuel cavity of this valve rod.

2, fuel delivery means as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that calutron comprises a static electromagnetic coil, and this coil is contained in around the valve rod with one heart and is fixed to armature on the valve rod.

3, fuel delivery means as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that armature is in the annular space between valve rod and electromagnetic coil basically.

4, fuel delivery means as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, valve rod passes electromagnet armature, communicates with fuel cavity, and this valve rod is porose on the close wall at valve member place, so that fuel enters in the spray chamber from the passage in the valve rod.

5, a kind of have an internal combustion engine injection system that the aforesaid right that is used for the internal-combustion engine transfer the fuel requires the device in any one.

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