CN106146153A - Potassium the method manufacturing carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer is extracted from urine waste water - Google Patents

Potassium the method manufacturing carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer is extracted from urine waste water Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106146153A
CN106146153A CN201610509905.0A CN201610509905A CN106146153A CN 106146153 A CN106146153 A CN 106146153A CN 201610509905 A CN201610509905 A CN 201610509905A CN 106146153 A CN106146153 A CN 106146153A
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China
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urine
carbon
waste water
fertilizer
slow release
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CN201610509905.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN106146153B (en
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汪诚文
徐康宁
李继云
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北京国环清华环境工程设计研究院有限公司
北京林业大学
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners

Abstract

Disclose a kind of method and thus obtained carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer extracting potassium from urine waste water and manufacturing carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer.The present invention can significantly improve the response rate of potassium in urine waste water, and during the urine sewage that the method for the present invention is after becoming thoroughly decomposed, the fertilizer obtained is carbon-base slow release compound nitrogen phosphate fertilizer, and wherein the nitrogenous fertilizer content in terms of nitrogen is 4%～6%, and the phosphate fertilizer content in terms of phosphorus pentoxide is 20%～30%；When the method for the present invention is used for freshly voided urine or has removed the urine sewage of ammonia nitrogen, the fertilizer obtained is carbon-base slow release phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer, wherein the potash fertilizer content in terms of oxidation dipotassium is 15%～20%, and the phosphate fertilizer content in terms of phosphorus pentoxide is 32%～50%.Additionally, the carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer prepared by the method for the present invention is rich in organic carbon, and fertilizer efficiency release is slowly, can significantly improve lean soil.

Description

Potassium the method manufacturing carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer is extracted from urine waste water

Technical field

The present invention relates to urine waste water reclaiming processing technology field, be specifically related to one and extract potassium also from urine waste water The method manufacturing carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer.

Background technology

Hereinafter the background of related of the present invention is illustrated, but these explanations might not constitute the existing of the present invention Technology.

In China's agricultural, fertilizer application is excessive, easily causes land fertility and declines, soil compaction.The loose structure of charcoal can With water conservation, fertilizer conservation, prevent the nutrient in fertilizer quickly to run off, improve the utilization rate of fertilizer.Containing high concentration in urine Nutrient, containing there are about 8 kilograms of nitrogen, 0.8 kilogram of phosphorus and 2.2 kilograms of potassium in every cubic metre of urine.Urine waste water separate type is received Collect and carry out recycling treatment, thus preparation can be applicable to the slow release fertilizer of lean soil improvement, can in alleviating sewage nitrogen While the pressure that phosphorus processes, improve soil fertility, it is achieved environmental protection and the sustainable development of agriculture field.

Summary of the invention

Enriching and degradation problem under soil fertility for urine Middle nutrition element, the present invention proposes a kind of from urine waste water Middle extraction potassium also manufactures method and the thus obtained carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer of carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer.

According to an aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of from urine waste water, extract potassium and manufacture carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer Method, comprise the steps:

(1) by clean for forest tree castoff broken, being then soaked in magnesium salt solution, soak time is no less than 1h；Described magnesium Salt is dissolubility magnesium salt；

(2) forest tree castoff after soaking is placed under the environmental condition of starvation and is pyrolyzed, and obtains modification biological charcoal；Pyrolysis Temperature is 400 DEG C～700 DEG C, pyrolysis time is 0.5h～4h；

(3) described modification biological charcoal is added in urine waste water, abandoning supernatant after vibrating or stirring, collects precipitation Thing, obtains carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer after drying or drying.

Magnesium salt in the present invention can be magnesium chloride, and in magnesium salt solution, the concentration of magnesium chloride is 100g/L～500g/L.

Preferably, in step (3), the dosage of modification biological charcoal meets following relation:

S = 0.076 C K V γαC M g

In formula, S is the dosage of modification biological charcoal, and unit is kg/m3；CKFor the potassium concn in urine waste water, unit is mg/L；V is the volume of urine waste water, and unit is m3；γ is potassium and the ratio of phosphorus concentration, dimensionless unit in urine waste water；CMg For the concentration of magnesium chloride in magnesium salt solution, unit is g/L；α is the content of magnesium constant in modification biological charcoal, and unit is L/mol.

It is further preferred that work as CMgDuring for 100g/L～300g/L, α=0.08；6 work as CMgDuring for 300g/L～500g/L, α=0.244/CMg。

Urine waste water in the present invention can be freshly voided urine or the urine sewage having removed ammonia nitrogen or become thoroughly decomposed After urine sewage.

A second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer prepared by the method for first aspect present invention.

When the method for the present invention is used for the urine sewage after becoming thoroughly decomposed, the fertilizer obtained is carbon-base slow release compound nitrogen phosphate fertilizer, Wherein the nitrogenous fertilizer content in terms of nitrogen is 4%～6%, and the phosphate fertilizer content in terms of phosphorus pentoxide is 20%～30%；The present invention's When method is used for freshly voided urine or has removed the urine sewage of ammonia nitrogen, the fertilizer obtained is that carbon-base slow release phosphorus potassium is combined Fertilizer, wherein by oxidation dipotassium in terms of potash fertilizer content be 15%～20%, the phosphate fertilizer content in terms of phosphorus pentoxide be 32%～ 50%.Additionally, the carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer prepared by the method for the present invention is rich in organic carbon, and fertilizer efficiency release is slowly, can Significantly to improve lean soil.

Detailed description of the invention

Below the illustrative embodiments of the present invention is described in detail.Description to illustrative embodiments is only For illustration purposes, it is definitely not the present invention and application thereof or the restriction of usage.

The present invention provides in first aspect and extracts potassium the method manufacturing carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer from urine waste water, Described method comprises the steps:

(1) by clean for forest tree castoff broken, then it is soaked in magnesium salt solution；

(2) forest tree castoff after soaking is placed under the environmental condition of starvation and is pyrolyzed, and obtains modification biological charcoal；

(3) described modification biological charcoal is added in urine waste water, abandoning supernatant after vibrating or stirring, collects precipitation Thing, obtains carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer after drying or drying.

Forest tree castoff high temperature pyrolysis under anoxic conditions can form charcoal, and charcoal has bigger specific surface area And microcellular structure, surface functional group enriches, and energy heavy metal and organic pollution produce adsorption, thus reduce pollutant Biological effectiveness and environmental risk, additionally, charcoal has promotion plant growing, decomposes the effects such as slow.In order to improve life as far as possible The absorbability of thing charcoal and adsorption capacity, the present invention uses magnesium salt solution to soak forest tree castoff before high temperature pyrolysis.Magnesium chloride Immersion can change the functional group on charcoal surface, forms substantial amounts of magnesium oxide at modification biological carbon surface, on the one hand these Magnesium oxide can extract by forming potassium magnesium phosphate precipitation and fix potassium, and on the other hand these magnesium oxides can be with phosphoric acid Root and ammonium radical ion generation chemical reaction, thus extract and fix phosphorus, nitrogen element.Soak time is no less than 1h, if soak time The shortest, magnesium salt fully cannot act on charcoal, if soak time is oversize, can increase the week manufacturing carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer Phase, indirectly increase cost, reduce the practicality of the inventive method.

In the present invention pyrolysis temperature be 400 DEG C～700 DEG C, pyrolysis time be 0.5h～4h.Although higher pyrolysis temperature C, P and mineral element in modification biological charcoal can be made constantly to be enriched with and increase specific surface area and the water-holding capacity of modification biological charcoal. But pyrolysis temperature is the highest, the functional group densities of modification biological carbon surface is the least, is unfavorable for fully extracting and fix urine waste water In potassium.

Magnesium salt in the present invention is dissolubility magnesium salt, such as, can use magnesium sulfate or magnesium chloride.Preferably, chlorination is used Magnesium prepares magnesium salt, and in magnesium salt solution, the concentration of magnesium chloride is 100g/L～500g/L.In the range of finite concentration, in magnesium salt solution The concentration of magnesium chloride is the highest, and magnesium is the best to the modifying function of charcoal, and the absorbability of gained modification biological charcoal is the highest；If chlorination The concentration of magnesium is too low, and magnesium is inconspicuous to the modifying function of charcoal；If the excessive concentration of magnesium chloride, modifying function can't continue It is obviously improved, and magnesium is superfluous, the cost preparing carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer can be increased.

Pyrolytic reaction should be in the environmental condition of starvation, in the present invention, by using hermetic container or can lead to The mode entering protective gas forms the environmental condition of starvation.

In some embodiments of the invention, in step (3), the dosage of modification biological charcoal meets following relation:

S = 0.076 C K V γαC M g

In formula, S is the dosage of modification biological charcoal, and unit is kg/m3；CKFor the potassium concn in urine waste water, unit is mg/L；V is the volume of urine waste water, and unit is m3；γ is potassium and the ratio of phosphorus concentration, dimensionless unit in urine waste water；CMg For the concentration of magnesium chloride in magnesium salt solution, unit is g/L；α is the content of magnesium constant in modification biological charcoal, and unit is L/mol.

Preferably, C is worked asMgDuring for 100g/L～300g/L, α=0.086；Work as CMgDuring for 300g/L～500g/L, α= 0.244/CMg。

In order to make modification biological charcoal be fully contacted reaction with the mineral nitrogen in urine waste water, in step (3), mixing speed is permissible For 100rpm～200rpm, mixing time is 24h.

In the present invention, urine waste water can be freshly voided urine or the urine sewage having removed ammonia nitrogen or after becoming thoroughly decomposed Urine sewage.When the method for the present invention is used for the urine sewage after becoming thoroughly decomposed, the fertilizer obtained is that carbon-base slow release nitrogen phosphorus is combined Fertilizer, wherein the nitrogenous fertilizer content in terms of nitrogen is 4%～6%, and the phosphate fertilizer content in terms of phosphorus pentoxide is 20%～30%.The present invention Method for freshly voided urine or when having removed the urine sewage of ammonia nitrogen, the fertilizer obtained is that carbon-base slow release phosphorus potassium is multiple Hefei, wherein by oxidation dipotassium in terms of potash fertilizer content be 15%～20%, the phosphate fertilizer content in terms of phosphorus pentoxide be 32%～ 50%.

Containing a certain amount of ash in modification biological charcoal, on the one hand, the part mineral element in ash can be raw with modification The functional groups of thing carbon surface, reducing modification biological carbon surface can be with the functional group that the potassium nitrogen phosphorus in urine waste water is combined Quantity, and then reduce the response rate of potassium nitrogen phosphorus in urine waste water.On the other hand, mineral element such as Na, K, Mg, Ca etc. are with oxidation Presented in thing or carbonate in ash, it is dissolved in after water in alkalescence, urine can be changed after being added in urine waste water and give up The pH of water, and then change the chemical reaction process manufacturing carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer, affects the mineral nitrogen of carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer Kind and to the response rate of potassium nitrogen phosphorus in urine.Based on this, step (2) may further include: cleans modification biological charcoal, and Go out ash therein.

Containing abundant C element in modification biological charcoal, it is possible to realize the balance of carbon in soil element.Fertilizer application in agricultural Excessively, easily causing land fertility and decline, soil compaction, the loose structure of modification biological carbon can improve poor soil with water conservation, fertilizer conservation Earth, strengthens the implicit ability of soil, improves the fertility in soil.Additionally, phosphorus and potassium are had absorption complexation to make by modification biological carbon surface With so that phosphorus and potassium are not pure water solubles, it is achieved phosphorus and the slow release of potassium；The surface of modification biological charcoal can also be special by electric charge Property absorption potassium phosphate magnesium precipitate, make the potassium magnesium phosphate slow release as fertility.

A second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer prepared by the method for first aspect present invention.

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.These embodiments are simply with regard to the side of being preferable to carry out of the present invention Formula is illustrated, and protection scope of the present invention is not read as pertaining only to these embodiments.

Embodiment 1

According to the technological parameter of table 1, use following steps to extract potassium from urine waste water and to manufacture carbon-base slow release type compound Fertile:

(1) by clean for forest tree castoff broken, then it is soaked in magnesium chloride solution；

(2) forest tree castoff after soaking is placed under the environmental condition of starvation and is pyrolyzed, and obtains modification biological charcoal；Pyrolysis Time is 2h；

(3) being added in 5L urine waste water by described modification biological charcoal, 200rpm stirs 24h, abandoning supernatant after stirring, Collect precipitate, after drying, obtain carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer.

Measure the potassium concn C in urine waste waterKWith the potassium concn prepared after carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer in urine waste water C′K, often group experiment is measured 3 times, and according to response rate R of potassium in equation below calculating urine waste water:

R=(CK-C′K)/CK× 100%

Embodiment 2-12

In addition to the content shown in table 1, in the way of similar to embodiment 1, carry out embodiment 2 to 12, and calculate urine Response rate R of potassium in liquid waste water.

The response rate of potassium in table 1 technological parameter and urine waste water

Embodiment Density of magnesium chloride/(g/L) Soak time/(h) Pyrolysis temperature/(DEG C) The response rate of potassium/(%) 1 50 3 400 75 2 100 3 400 80 3 300 3 400 85 4 500 3 400 88 5 700 3 400 90 6 300 0.5 400 70 7 300 1 400 81 8 300 5 400 85 9 300 3 300 78 10 300 3 550 87 11 300 3 700 89 12 300 3 800 88

As it can be seen from table 1 the concentration of magnesium chloride is unsuitable too small.In urine waste water, the response rate of potassium is along with forest tree castoff The prolongation of soak time in magnesium chloride solution and increase, but soak time is more than after 3h, the recovery of potassium in urine waste water The increasing degree of rate is inconspicuous, from the point of view of economic benefit, soak time can be made to be maintained at 1h～3h.Pyrolysis temperature pair In urine waste water, the response rate of potassium also has an impact, and higher temperature is conducive to improving the response rate of potassium in urine waste water, but warm After degree is higher than 550 DEG C, in urine waste water, the amplification of the response rate of potassium is inconspicuous, and after pyrolysis temperature is higher than 700 DEG C, urine is given up In water, the response rate of potassium has declined.

Although with reference to illustrative embodiments, invention has been described, but it is to be understood that the present invention does not limit to The detailed description of the invention that Yu Wenzhong describes in detail and illustrates, in the case of without departing from claims limited range, this Described illustrative embodiments can be made various change by skilled person.

Claims (9)

1. one kind is extracted potassium the method manufacturing carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer from urine waste water, it is characterised in that include walking as follows Rapid:
(1) by clean for forest tree castoff broken, being then soaked in magnesium salt solution, soak time is no less than 1h；Described magnesium salt is Dissolubility magnesium salt；
(2) forest tree castoff after soaking is placed under the environmental condition of starvation and is pyrolyzed, and obtains modification biological charcoal；Pyrolysis temperature Be 400 DEG C～700 DEG C, pyrolysis time be 0.5h～4h；
(3) described modification biological charcoal is added in urine waste water, abandoning supernatant after vibrating or stirring, collects precipitate, dry in the air Dry or obtain carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer after drying.
The most described magnesium salt is magnesium chloride, the concentration of magnesium chloride in described magnesium salt solution For 100g/L～500g/L.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, wherein, in step (3), the dosage of modification biological charcoal meets following relation:
S = 0.076 C K V γαC M g
In formula, S is the dosage of modification biological charcoal, and unit is kg/m3；CKFor the potassium concn in urine waste water, unit is mg/L；V For the volume of urine waste water, unit is m3；γ is potassium and the ratio of phosphorus concentration, dimensionless unit in urine waste water；CMgFor magnesium salt The concentration of Chlorine in Solution magnesium, unit is g/L；α is the content of magnesium constant in modification biological charcoal, and unit is L/mol.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, wherein, works as CMgDuring for 100g/L～300g/L, α=0.086；Work as CMgFor 300g/L ～during 500g/L, α=0.244/CMg。
5. the method as described in any one of claim 1-4, wherein, step (2) farther includes: clean described modification biological Charcoal, and go out ash therein.
6. the method as described in any one of claim 1-4, wherein, by using hermetic container or being passed through the side of protective gas Formula forms the environmental condition of starvation.
7. the method as described in any one of claim 1-4, wherein, in step (3), mixing speed is 100rpm～200rpm, stirs The time of mixing is 24h.
8. the method as described in any one of claim 1-4, wherein, described urine waste water is freshly voided urine or has removed The urine sewage of ammonia nitrogen or the urine sewage after becoming thoroughly decomposed.
9. the carbon-base slow release type compound fertilizer prepared according to the method described in any one of claim 1-8.
CN201610509905.0A 2016-07-01 2016-07-01 Potassium and the method for manufacturing carbon-base slow release type composite fertilizer are extracted from urine waste water CN106146153B (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106964640A (en) * 2017-03-22 2017-07-21 辽宁石油化工大学 A kind of method of carbon N∶P ratio in regulation oil-polluted soils
CN107602211A (en) * 2017-08-30 2018-01-19 常州市海若纺织品有限公司 A kind of method that compound fertilizer is prepared based on rice wine production waste water
CN109609970A (en) * 2018-12-21 2019-04-12 北京林业大学 A kind of magnesium anode galvano-cautery promotes the system and method for potassium recycling in urine waste water

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102775236A (en) * 2012-08-17 2012-11-14 中国科学院广州能源研究所 Agricultural and forestry waste carbon-based slow release filter and preparation method thereof
CN104258812A (en) * 2014-10-24 2015-01-07 江苏省农业科学院 Metal element improved biochar-based nitrate radical adsorbent and preparation method thereof
CN104973919A (en) * 2014-04-11 2015-10-14 清华大学 Method of recycling nitrogen and phosphorus in urine to prepare slow-release fertilizer

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102775236A (en) * 2012-08-17 2012-11-14 中国科学院广州能源研究所 Agricultural and forestry waste carbon-based slow release filter and preparation method thereof
CN104973919A (en) * 2014-04-11 2015-10-14 清华大学 Method of recycling nitrogen and phosphorus in urine to prepare slow-release fertilizer
CN104258812A (en) * 2014-10-24 2015-01-07 江苏省农业科学院 Metal element improved biochar-based nitrate radical adsorbent and preparation method thereof

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106964640A (en) * 2017-03-22 2017-07-21 辽宁石油化工大学 A kind of method of carbon N∶P ratio in regulation oil-polluted soils
CN107602211A (en) * 2017-08-30 2018-01-19 常州市海若纺织品有限公司 A kind of method that compound fertilizer is prepared based on rice wine production waste water
CN109609970A (en) * 2018-12-21 2019-04-12 北京林业大学 A kind of magnesium anode galvano-cautery promotes the system and method for potassium recycling in urine waste water

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