CN1061407C - Stiffness decoupler for base insolation of structures - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a stiffness isolating device used for protecting buildings or other building structures (20) influenced by earthquake and preventing the structures (20) from collapse or catastrophic failure. An optimized isolating device (22) comprises some long relatively flexible pipe fittings (28) filled with concrete, the pipe fittings are fixedly connected with the structures (20) and stretch downwards towards the direction of a lower foundation (26), and at least one part of the pipe fittings is connected with the foundation to prevent the structures (20) from tipping. A main bolster stake (46) is supported on the foundation (26) and contains a group of pipe fittings to be arranged, and a supporting base device (32) is arranged between the upper end of the stake and the structure and can transversely move with limit between the upper end of the stake and the structure.

Description

The rigid isolating that the building structure base is separated

Put it briefly, the present invention relates to be used in rigid isolating or damping device such as in the construction of earthquake resistant structure things such as tier building or bridge.This device can be effectively isolates the lateral stiffness of related works from the bearing strength of the support column system of works, eliminate influencing each other between lateral stiffness and bearing strength in other words.So just dynamic characteristic or the variation of control structure thing under the earthquake state effectively keeps the bearing strength of necessity of works simultaneously, vibration damping strong and free period.Spacer assembly of the present invention comprises preferably that several are long, is filled with concrete pipe fitting, and pipe fitting is connected on the works, and a main bolster stake that surrounds pipe fitting, and this post is between following ground and works and hold pipe fitting.Between post and works, be provided with the bearing of low frictional resistance, can permit and do relative laterally moving betwixt.

Architect and structural engineers are managing to solve the building that is subject to the earthquake effect area for a long time, bridge or other structure Design problem.San Francisco earthquake of giving birth to recently is one of such kind of area example of having potential disaster consequence owing to architectural design is improper.

Past attempts provides many suggestions, and they are intended to increase the safety of the antidetonation of various works.Usually, suggestion in the most present age or scheme all are to attempt quality (promptly in the ability that keeps can bearing under the elasticity big power), deformability and the energy absorption capability of intensity are combined.For example, people know and adopt big elastic support to support the concrete frame construction thing of extendible reinforcement, so that works and following ground are separated.But this bearing is very expensive, and some will be subjected to the damage of environment.

Past also the someone advise adopting flexible steel energy absorbing device, these device busies load is a rigidity down, thereby and absorbs energy in the next bending of big earthquake loading.This scheme depends on the hysteresis energy absorption capability of the rod iron that is to use as the base spacer assembly.

Though those of skill in the art are carrying out intensive research in the such kind of area always, but also do not find a real effectively base shielding system so far, it should be economy, be easy to install that the life-span is grown and can absorb potential destruction seismic forces and prevents collapsing of supported works simultaneously.

The present invention has overcome the problems referred to above, and a kind of novel rigid isolating that has improved building and the protection of bridge construction works antidetonation is provided.Spacer assembly of the present invention is used for keeping apart lateral stiffness (lateral stiff-ness) from the bearing strength of the column system that is supporting works, reduces the transmission speed of ground acceleration to the works that is spaced thus.

In a preferred form, the present invention considers to adopt several long flexible relatively hollow pipe fittings, and the upper part of pipe fitting is affixed on the protected works, and the other end ground of the works below being positioned at (or lower margin) downwards extends.Be filled with at least a portion (preferably whole) pipe fitting the pipe fitting motion vibration damping that causes or the material of damping, this material is concrete preferably.The whole isolated device also comprises at least a portion pipe fitting is connected to parts on the ground in addition, and this connection is used to prevent tumbling of works.Favourable situation is these pipe fittings to be connected on the ground, but can to allow pipe fitting can do limited moving up with respect to a biasing force that is increasing.

Main bearing part also constitutes the part of whole isolated device.Arrange at intervals with respect to several pipe fittings.Being typically for this purpose and having adopted hollow, whole a, cross section is square or circular concrete reinforcing prop, and several pipe fittings then pass this post and extend downwards.This bearing part is supported on the ground, upwards stretches towards works, constitutes a upper end.Between bearing part and works, insert some bearings, they are bonded with each other together, and can do relative laterally moving betwixt.

In practice, will dispose this spacer assembly on the given building structure, be arranged on the position of all conventional bolster stakes, but will dispose foregoing seat structure and inner pipe fitting.

Fig. 1 is the partial view of the structural frame of tier building, has for clarity sake disconnected some part, and spacer assembly of the present invention is contained in structural frame base and one between following lower margin,

Fig. 2 is a part of view, and it has broken some parts, and some parts are broken section, shows the vitals of spacer assembly,

Fig. 3 a is the view profile along 3a-3a line among Fig. 2, some parts of having dismantled, and the structure of having showed a spacer assembly, it adopts the concrete reinforcing prop of a hollow square cross section, and the bearing of low frictional resistance is equipped with at place, post angle respectively,

Fig. 3 b is the view that is similar to Fig. 3 a, but spacer assembly wherein adopts a kind of post of hollow circular cross section and the low frictional resistance bearing of alternate layout,

Fig. 4 is each the parts decomposition view that is used for the present invention's a preferred bearing,

Fig. 5 be a preferred spring bias voltage connector vertically analyse and observe zoomed-in view, be used for pipe fitting least significant end fix in position in following building lower margin,

Fig. 6 is the view that is similar to Fig. 5, but is the Tube jointer that adds the spring bias voltage of another kind of type,

Fig. 7 adopts several pipe fitting bundle device to get up to place hollow column for the sectional view of the parts of displaying a kind of spacer assembly of the present invention,

Fig. 8 is a partial view that amplifies, and shows the directed situation of arrangement of middle pipe fitting embodiment illustrated in fig. 7,

Fig. 9 is a partial view, showed a situation about being fixed on the building frame base in the secondary reinforcement cable,

Figure 10 is a sectional view along 10-10 line among Fig. 5.Show that further pipe fitting connects the situation of arranging.

Now referring to accompanying drawing, especially Fig. 1, there is shown the framework 20 and some rigid isolating 22 of tier building, the latter the base 24 of framework 20 and one below the lower margin 26 strengthened of concrete between, briefly say, each spacer assembly 22 comprises some long has a flexible relatively hollow pipe fitting 28, hollow, whole, upright bolster stake 30 and this bolster stake 30 surrounds pipe fitting 28, the supporting member that some are represented with label 32 substantially, these supporting members are placed between the lower surface and each post 30 upper ends of framework 20.

More particularly, framework 20 is conventional part fully, and it also comprises common right cylinder 34 and each floor plate 36,38 except that base 24.Typically, framework 20 can be made by any desirable constructional materialss such as for example adding reinforced concrete, and usual bearing surface 40 is provided at the key position place, and they are parts of base 24.In illustrated embodiment, each bearing surface 40 is a pair of transverse horizontal beam 40a, 40b.

Similarly, ground 26 also be general type (except herein with change that pipe fitting 28 is associated), it has footing 42.Ground 26 is also made with adding reinforced concrete.

Referring now to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 a,, they at length show one of them spacer assembly 22, can see that several pipe fittings 28 are mutual alternate layouts herein, form an arrangement that is made of peripheral pipe fitting 28a and central pipe fitting 28b.These pipe fittings are thin-wall metal structural tube of conventional type, and typical diameter range is about 3/4 cun to 3 cun (inch).Each pipe fitting 28a is filled with suitable damping material among the 28b, be concrete 44 herein.Adding in the reinforced concrete of bearing surface 40, stretched into and be embedded in the top of pipe fitting 28.Can see that by Fig. 1 pipe fitting extends up through base 24 and enters in the post 34 that is associated.For strengthening being rigidly connected of pipe fitting 28 and framework 20, can on pipe fitting, adopt the flange or the snap ring of horizontal expansion.More widely, pipe fitting 28 can be fixed to such as on the such structure object of framework 20, as long as can form the firm connection of rigidity between structure object and each pipe fitting with any suitable easily means.In the embodiment shown, pipe fitting 28 stretches into and is embedded in the footing 42 of following ground 26.Equally also can adopt suitable means that pipe fitting 28 and ground 26 are coupled together with meeting job requirement herein.To describe two kinds of preferable methods below in detail.

Each device 22 further comprises the main bolster stake 46 of a upright hollow integral body.In Fig. 1-3a illustrated embodiment, post 46 is a square cross section, and vertical bracing piece 48 is all arranged under each bearing.As shown in Figure 2, a metal reinforcement 50 passes each bracing piece 48 and enters in the following ground 26, is used to strengthen the rigidity and the lateral stability of post 46.Can see that in this post 46 is supported on footing 42 tops, and upwards extend, be provided with bearing in the upper end of each post 46 towards framework 20.

Whole stand apparatus 32 is made up of some suitable mounting assemblies 54, each assembly 54 all be contained in each beam 40a, 40b below.Each assembly 54 comprises the base 56 of a truncated triangles structure, it is supporting a upright support pads 58, this support pads 58 is made by the quite low material of friction factor (for example by the bearing metal bronze, that steel is plumbous or powder sintered metal is formed, have or do not have and lubricate).Be provided with hole 60 (see figure 4)s near each angle of base 56, so that base 56 base plates 52 are linked to each other.The following closed assembly at each angle of this external base 56 has the opposite trough of belt hole taperliner 62,64 that is complementary in pairs of a pair of conical surface direction, and slotted eye and hole 60 align.Three threaded connectors 66 that are the J-shaped shape approximately are embedded in the post 46, are used for each mounting assembly 54, and these connectors extend up through pad slotted eye and hole 60.With nut 68 mounting assembly is fixed on the post.High length and the position that will consider each mounting assembly 54 at the pad that the pairing assembling is set at 62,64 o'clock should be adjustable, and the load that is born to avoid on the bearing is inhomogeneous, and should set up desirable normal duty on bearing.

Each seat cushion 58 can and the lower surface of bearing surface 40 engagement and can between bolster stake 46 and framework 20, do relative laterally moving.For This move can easily be carried out, on the lower surface of each bearing surface 40, fix a metal slider 70, be positioned at pad 58 and bearing surface 40 contacted places.Each slide plate 70 is embedded in bolt 72 fix in position in the concrete by some, and bolt 72 also can be to be fixed on the bearing surface that is made of the routine building material.

Figure 36 shows a similar spacer assembly 22, has wherein adopted a hollow cylinder 72.Post 72 also is provided with vertical bracing piece 74, and 90 ° of spaces are the same with the situation of square column 46, wherein also are embedded with interconnective reinforcement 50.The spacer assembly 22 of this embodiment also comprises some and has filled concrete pipe fitting 28, and four mounting assemblies 54 above bracing piece 74.Four independent slide plates 78 are fixed on the lower surface of corresponding bearing surface 40, with each seat cushion 58 actings in conjunction of each mounting assembly 54.

In optimum form of implementation of the present invention, peripheral at least pipe fitting 28a linked to each other with ground or 20 in this wise during each pipe fitting in each post 46 or 72 was arranged, and promptly Zhou Bian pipe fitting can upwards done limited moving with respect to the biasing force of an increase.Referring to Fig. 5 and Figure 10, they show a kind of such connection deployment scenarios earlier.Particularly, be provided with a pipe connecting device 80, it comprises the firmly base on footing 42 of an installation pipe fitting, and it has a base plate 82 and a retaining ring 84 that is positioned at the mutual certain intervals in base plate 82 tops bottom.In this embodiment, in the concrete of base plate 82 and ring 84 buried end pin 42.In addition, retaining ring 84 is also done further to fix with being embedded in the nuts and bolt assembly 86 that is located in the footing 42 equally, prevents to extract.What be positioned on pipe fitting 28a in the device 80 is provided with gripper shoe 88 bottom, and it is fixed by welding or other suitable means.The shape of gripper shoe 88 and layout can remaining between base plate 82 and the retaining ring 84 pipe fitting 28a bottom effectively.Ring spring 90 is in gripper shoe 88 and encircle between 84, is arranged on the top of part bottom of the pipe fitting 28a that is installed in the device 80.Can understand by figure.Overcome the bias voltage of ring spring 90, pipe fitting 28a can move up.

Fig. 6 show another kind of like pipe connecting device 92, this device 92 comprises a firmly base 94 on footing 42, it has a upwardly extending pin 96, this pin 96 has a gripper shoe 98 on being fixed on.The stud nut assembly 100 that base 98 usefulness are buried underground is fixing, prevents to extract.

In this embodiment, pipe fitting 28a's is hollow bottom, is provided with a buck plate 102 and a retaining ring 104.As seen from Figure 6, plate 102 upward to pipe fitting 28a bottom separately but be positioned at pipe.On the other hand, retaining ring 104 is positioned at below the plate 102 but also at pipe 28a.Ring 104 is circular, can be contained in slidably on the pin 96.On this orientation, gripper shoe 98 and encircle 104 and encircle 104 cooperatively interact upper ends with pin 96 and remain on buck plate 102 and encircle between 104.Helical spring 106 is arranged on the top of the upper end of pin 96 between retaining ring 104 and buck plate 102.Can see also that herein the power that pipe fitting 28 overcomes spring 106 can move up.

Shown in Fig. 1-3a and 36 among the embodiment pipe fitting 28 all be alternate layout each other, but the present invention is not limited to this layout.For example, several pipe fittings 108 (being filled with concrete in each pipe fitting) can arrange that forming a tube bank arranges with being in contact with one another.These pipe fittings have also mainly been filled concrete 110 or similar damping material.The particular type that pipe fitting is arranged is not crucial, and importantly will there be enough intervals the position of pipe fitting with on every side the post or the wall that surrounds of other support unit, to prevent between the pipe fitting and support unit significant contact being arranged when earthquake takes place.At last, adopting whole hollow bearing post in preferred form of implementation, but the present invention also can adopt separately upright plate or like in practice, these parts are arranged on the top that a pipe fitting is arranged.

For the most effective anti-earthquake protection is provided, spacer assembly of the present invention can be used for increasing with other uses for the device of fixed structure (building) shock resistance together.For example,, can see that transversal flexibility cable 112,114 extends and is embedded in wherein between the base 24 of framework 20 and ground 26 referring to Fig. 1.When mounted, these hawsers are quite loose.By keeping spring 118 to remain on (for example above a gateway 116) under the suspension status.Those skilled in the art as can be known, this hawser 112,114 is used in and prevents under the extra strong seismic condition that framework 20 from laterally moving excessively with respect to ground 16.Can get in touch cable 112,114 with any suitable means, for example with the lateral pin 120 that is embedded in the base 24, the end of cable is fixed on lateral pin and with connector 122.

As ancillary method.Be preferably in the bearing wall 24 that concrete is strengthened is set between ground 26 and the base 24.Especially, the last bearing surface of wall 124 is provided with to such an extent that be lower than mating face between stand apparatus 32 and the base 24 slightly.Under situation about falling flat, fabric structure can place on the bearing wall like this, to prevent collapsing fully of total.

Between the normal operating period of spacer assembly 22, primary structure load is that the media by each mounting assembly 54 is produced by upright post 46 or 72.Be filled with concrete pipe fitting and only bear minimum pressure load.As described, principal post 46 or 72 does not have shearing connecting piece to link to each other with the structure object that is supported with the moment of flexure connector.

When earthquake, be filled with concrete pipe fitting and be used for reducing widely the transmission of ground acceleration to segregate works (building) with relevant bearing post, its result has also reduced the slippage (taking off) between the floor.The concrete that is filled in each pipe fitting plays a part local bracing piece and shock absorber or attenuator during moving.Especially, the concrete filler helps to decompose moving and weaken with the direction of shock absorber.Pipe fitting also prevents that as stayed mast protected works separately and tumble when earthquake takes place.In this, adopt the spring bias voltage pipe connecting component of type described in Fig. 5 and 6 especially favourable, because when tilting moment increases.Be used to stop drawing also of tumbling to increase.At last, filled concrete pipe fitting and controlled the free period of protected works (stage), and the works after providing restoring force with earthquake resets on its neutral position.

Mounting assembly is supporting works and eccentric load is being sent to bearing post, keeps its stability in the motion of forced vibration simultaneously with the balance that keeps works.Therefore, the function of bearing resembles roller support very much, and it has very little resistance to the relative transverse movement between works and bearing post.

Intersect cable 112,114 as nonlinear spring.Prevent excessive laterally moving, that is when needing, just increase the lateral resistance of works.As long as distortion is little, bearing wall 124 keeps released state with protected works so.When the degree of earthquake is excessive; that is when contacting even as big as making protected works and bearing wall by the vertical displacement that the lateral deformation of works causes; these walls just begin to have worked; they provide extra bearing strength for the deformed configurations thing, and provide frictional force to absorb kinetic energy, minimizing Oscillation Amplitude.

The invention provides the unexistent advantage of some prior arts like this.For example, spacer assembly of the present invention is the device of some passive types, can absorption pressure load and tensile load.The life-span of these devices is long, and what reduction its intensity and function do not have during long-term work.Used elastic caoutchouc props up the damage ageing process that occurs in the seat cushion and forms contrast in this and the prior art.But prior, spacer assembly of the present invention even under the excessive lateral displacement that causes by earthquake, still can keep stable, thereby keep protected works during the violent earthquake and between be in equilibrium state.Isolating simultaneously also provides high hot strength, bears tilting moment.

Though application of the present invention mainly is described aspect antidetonation, the present invention also can be used for others.Example can be described the present invention like this.Be about to lateral stiffness and from the bearing strength of post, keep apart the caused variations in temperature of stress that can reduce owing in the long span rigid frame bridge.

Claims (20)

1. a rigid isolating can be used on a building structure and between following ground, and described device is characterised in that it comprises the quite flexible hollow pipe fitting (28) that several are long, and the upper end of these pipe fittings links to each other with works (20).Extend towards described ground (26) to next, at least wherein be filled with material in some pipe fittings to the mobile vibration damping of pipe fitting, be connected to the parts of tumbling with the prevention works on the ground to some pipe fittings of major general, bearing part (46) with the alternate layout of pipe fitting (28) is bearing on the ground (26) and upwards extends towards works, it has a upper end, a stand apparatus (32) that is contained between bearing part (46) upper end and the works (26), be used for described upper end and works are joined together, and can do relative laterally moving betwixt.

2. according to the device of claim 1, it is characterized in that the mutual alternate setting of pipe fitting (28).

3. according to the device of claim 1, it is characterized in that pipe fitting (28) is in contact with one another together with the setting of tube bank form.

4. according to the device of claim 1, it is characterized in that pipe fitting (28) is lined up a Guan Zhen.This Guan Zhen is made up of peripheral pipe fitting (28a) and at least one inner pipe fitting (28b), and described link is fixed to the pipe fitting on the periphery on the ground (26).

5. according to the device of claim 1, it is characterized in that damping material comprises concrete.

6. according to the device of claim 1.It is characterized in that all pipe fittings (28) have all been filled described damping material substantially.

7. according to the device of claim 1, it is characterized in that main bearing part (46) comprises holistic hollow column, hold described pipe fitting (28) in the post.

8. according to the device of claim 7, it is characterized in that the cross section of post (46) is square basically.

9. according to the device of claim 7, it is characterized in that the cross section of post (46) is circular basically.

10. according to the device of claim 1, it is characterized in that stand apparatus comprises a base (56), it is connected mutually with the upper end of bearing part (46), a seat cushion (58) that engages with works that is installed on the base, this pad is made by the quite low material of friction factor.

11. the device according to claim 10 is characterized in that, seat cushion is to use the material of selecting from the material group of being made up of bearing metal to make, and described bearing metal is by bronze, steel, lead or powder sintered metal, has or does not have sliding agent, waits the material formation.

12. the device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, base (56) comprises adjustable gasket construction spare (62,64), is used for the effective height of stand apparatus.

13. the device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, works (20) is made with concrete at least in part, and described pipe fitting (28) buries in concrete.

14. the device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, several stand apparatus separately respectively are contained between bearing part (46) upper end and the works (20), and together support works.

15. the device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, bearing wall (70) be arranged on the junction surface that is positioned at slightly between stand apparatus (32) and the works (20) below.

16. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, link comprises that one installs the base of pipe fitting, it is reinforced on ground and a gripper shoe (82) and a circular retaining ring (84) is bottom arranged, this ring (84) is positioned at base plate (82) top, can be slidably mounted on going up bottom of pipe fitting (28), one is fixed on the described gripper shoe that goes up bottom (88) that pipe fitting slidably is installed, shape of this plate (88) and layout can remain on pipe fitting between base plate and the retaining ring effectively bottom, a helical spring (90) is positioned between gripper shoe (88) and the retaining ring (84), is arranged on the top at pipe fitting (a 28) position bottom.

17. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, link comprises a base, it is reinforced on ground, a upwardly extending pin (96) and a gripper shoe (104) are arranged, this plate (104) is connected the upper end of pin (96), a buck plate (98) and a retaining ring that goes up bottom (104) that is connected the pipe fitting (28) that will be connected, buck plate (98) is upward to alternate bottom with pipe fitting and be positioned at pipe, retaining ring (104) is alternate in downward direction and buck plate, retaining ring is circular and holds pin (96), the upper end that buck plate and retaining ring acting in conjunction will be sold remains between buck plate and the retaining ring, a helical spring (106) is positioned between retaining ring (104) and the buck plate (98), and is arranged on the top, a position that is installed in the pin (96) in the pipe fitting.

18. the device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, cable parts (112,114) extend between works and ground, and are fixed on works and the ground, are used to stop excessive the relatively moving between works and the ground.

19. the device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, works (20) comprises a tier building.

20. the device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, link comprises that the biasing force that allows to overcome increase to the small part pipe fitting is upward to making limited mobile structure division.

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